CN113714610B - Double-welding-rod welding method applied to thick plate welding - Google Patents
Double-welding-rod welding method applied to thick plate welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN113714610B CN113714610B CN202110886619.7A CN202110886619A CN113714610B CN 113714610 B CN113714610 B CN 113714610B CN 202110886619 A CN202110886619 A CN 202110886619A CN 113714610 B CN113714610 B CN 113714610B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
- B23K9/28—Supporting devices for electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-welding-rod welding method applied to thick plate welding, which belongs to the technical field of emergency welding, wherein a main welding rod and an auxiliary welding rod are clamped by a double-welding-rod self-propagating welding device, and the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are combusted simultaneously and move along a welding route under the control of the double-welding-rod self-propagating welding device to complete welding; the welding flux components in the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are the same, more heat can be provided in the combustion welding process, the welding rod is suitable for welding thick plates, and the welding quality can be guaranteed. After the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are ignited by the ignition device, the welding can be completed under the conditions of no power supply, no air source and no external energy equipment; utilize two welding rods to weld from spreading welding set, can avoid the welding defect who causes because of the operation is not skilled, can also make operating personnel keep away from the welding position, operation safe and reliable reduces operating personnel's psychological fear degree when guaranteeing safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of emergency welding, and particularly relates to a double-welding-rod welding method applied to thick plate welding.
Background
At present, the common welding method in the field emergency repair is active welding. Active welding (conventional welding technologies such as manual arc welding, gas welding, argon arc welding, plasma welding and the like) requires heavy equipment, energy sources such as a gas source power supply and the like, and needs professional personnel to operate.
Although the above defects are overcome by passive welding, the existing passive welding adopts pen-type welding rods or welding pens, the heat generated by combustion is limited, and the height of an electric arc generated by the welding rods needs to be observed and controlled by an operator to carry out welding, so that the technical requirement on the operator is high, the thickness of the material capable of being welded is low (below 5 mm), and particularly, the welding pen can only carry out flat welding and is difficult to weld at an angular position under the environment with low external environment temperature and water.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-welding-rod welding method applied to thick plate welding, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the number of active welding devices is large, the weight is heavy, the operation is complex, and the operation difficulty of the conventional passive welding mode is high.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a double-welding-rod welding method applied to thick plate welding comprises the following steps: fixing a main welding rod and an auxiliary welding rod on a double-welding-rod self-propagating welding device, and after the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are ignited by an ignition device, simultaneously burning the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod to carry out self-propagating welding;
the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod have the same internal flux composition and both comprise the following components:
24-30 parts of copper oxide, 20-25 parts of ferric oxide, 12-15 parts of aluminum, 4-5 parts of nickel protoxide, 1.6-4 parts of boron trioxide, 2.5-6.3 parts of ferromanganese, 1.9-4.8 parts of ferrosilicon, 1.8-6 parts of aluminum oxide, 1.2-4 parts of silicon dioxide, 0.8-1.6 parts of nickel, 1.8-3.6 parts of silver, 0.8-1.6 parts of titanium and 1.6-3.2 parts of lanthanide rare earth elements.
Preferably, the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod have the same structure and are both paper tubes with plugs at the upper ends, the outer diameter of each paper tube is 10 mm-16 mm, the wall thickness of each paper tube is 0.2 mm, the inside of each paper tube is filled with a welding flux, and the lower ends of the welding flux in the paper tubes are sequentially provided with a primer and a firing cable; the height-diameter ratio H/D of the flux filled in the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.3, and the forming compressive stress is more than or equal to 0.566 Mpa and less than or equal to 2.113 Mpa.
Preferably, the double-welding-rod self-propagating welding device comprises a welding rod clamping mechanism, a welding rod moving mechanism and a foldable support frame, wherein the welding rod clamping mechanism is connected with the welding rod moving mechanism, and the welding rod clamping mechanism and the welding rod moving mechanism are both arranged on the support frame; the welding rod clamping mechanism can clamp a main welding rod and an auxiliary welding rod, the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod can be ignited by the ignition device and then spontaneously combust, and the welding rod moving mechanism moves to weld along a welding line.
Preferably, the supporting frame comprises two longitudinal rods, two transverse rods and four vertical rods with adjustable heights, a long-strip groove for accommodating the vertical rods is formed in the middle of each longitudinal rod along the length direction of the longitudinal rod, the two ends of each transverse rod are connected with the end portions of the longitudinal rods respectively, the two longitudinal rods and the two transverse rods are assembled into a rectangular frame through bolts, and the upper ends of the four vertical rods are connected with the four corners of the rectangular frame through rotating shafts respectively; the lower end of the upright stanchion is provided with an adjustable ground foot.
Preferably, the welding rod moving mechanism comprises a hand wheel, a lead screw, a rack and a welding fixing block connected with the welding rod clamping mechanism, the welding fixing block is in threaded fit with the lead screw, the hand wheel is arranged at the tail end of the lead screw, the lead screw is arranged in parallel to the rack, two ends of the lead screw and two ends of the rack are both arranged on a fixing plate, and the fixing plate is arranged on the support frame; two driving gears which are arranged in parallel are arranged on the outer wall of the welding fixing block, and both the two driving gears are meshed with the rack; the other end of the driving gear is connected with the transmission flexible shafts, and is connected with the welding rod clamping mechanism through the two transmission flexible shafts for downward conveying the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod.
Preferably, the guide rods are arranged below the racks in parallel, the two ends of each guide rod are arranged on the fixing plate, rollers are arranged on the side walls of the welding fixing blocks, and guide grooves matched with the rollers are formed in the upper surfaces of the guide rods.
Preferably, the two vertical rods can be arranged in the strip groove in parallel, the strip groove is a through groove which is through up and down, the fixing plate of the welding rod moving mechanism can be inserted into the strip groove, the lead screw of the welding rod moving mechanism is arranged in parallel with the cross rod, the lead screw is arranged above the longitudinal rod, and the guide rod is arranged below the longitudinal rod; the welding rod clamping mechanism is arranged in the rectangular frame.
Preferably, the welding rod clamping mechanism comprises a spherical hinge, a spherical hinge fixing sleeve and a fixing rod, the spherical hinge is arranged in a lantern ring of the spherical hinge fixing sleeve, and the fixing rod is connected with the spherical hinge fixing sleeve; the welding rod conveying mechanism is connected with the two transmission flexible shafts and used for conveying the main welding rods and the auxiliary welding rods downwards in the welding process; the fixing rod for installing the main welding rod is connected with the welding fixing block in a rotating mode.
Preferably, the spherical hinge fixing sleeve comprises two semicircular hoops, the open ends of one sides of the two semicircular hoops are connected through bolts, and the open ends of the other sides of the two semicircular hoops are connected with connecting lugs fixed on the fixing rod through bolts.
Preferably, the welding rod conveying mechanism comprises a base and two gear shafts arranged in parallel, the upper end of the base is connected with the fixed rod, the two gear shafts are vertically arranged on the side face of the base, the two bases are respectively provided with two gear shafts for clamping welding rods, and the two pairs of gear shafts respectively clamp the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod; the end part of the gear shaft is provided with a transmission gear, the two transmission gears are meshed, and the tail end of one gear shaft is connected with the transmission flexible shaft.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: compared with the prior art, the double-welding-rod self-propagating welding device clamps the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod, the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are combusted simultaneously, and the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod move along the welding route under the control of the double-welding-rod self-propagating welding device to complete welding; the components of the welding fluxes in the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are the same, more heat can be provided in the combustion welding process, and the welding rod is suitable for welding thick plates and can ensure the welding quality. After the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are ignited by the ignition device, the welding can be completed under the condition of no power supply, no air source and no external energy equipment; utilize two welding rods to weld from spreading welding set, can avoid the welding defect who causes because of the operation is not skilled, can also make operating personnel keep away from the welding position, operation safe and reliable reduces operating personnel's psychological fear degree when guaranteeing safety.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual stick self-propagating welding apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of the direction A of the dual wire self-propagating welding apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the support stand of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the electrode moving mechanism of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the electrode clamping mechanism of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the electrode used in the present invention;
in the figure: 100-support frame, 101-vertical rod, 102-vertical rod, 103-horizontal rod, 104-rotating shaft, 105-strip groove, 106-adjustable ground foot, 107-strip mounting hole;
200-a welding rod clamping mechanism, 201-a fixed rod, 202-a spherical hinge, 203-a spherical hinge fixed sleeve, 204-a connecting rod, 205-a gear shaft, 206-a welding rod, 2060-a paper tube, 2061-a main welding rod, 2062-an auxiliary welding rod, 2063-a priming charge column, 2064-a firing cable and 2065-a plug; 207-transmission gear, 208-base, 209-transmission flexible shaft;
300-welding rod moving mechanism, 301-hand wheel, 302-fixing plate, 303-lead screw, 304-welding rod connecting block, 305-driving shaft, 306-driving gear, 307-roller, 308-guide rod, 309-limit screw, 310-guide groove and 311-rack.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A double-welding-rod welding method applied to thick plate welding comprises the following steps: the main welding rod 2061 and the auxiliary welding rod 2062 are fixed on a double-welding-rod self-propagating welding device (shown in figure 1), after the main welding rod 2061 and the auxiliary welding rod 2062 are ignited by an ignition device, the main welding rod 2061 and the auxiliary welding rod 2062 are simultaneously combusted to carry out self-propagating welding, and the double-welding-rod self-propagating welding device is suitable for welding thicker plates with the thickness of 6-12 mm. The simultaneous burning of the main electrode 2061 and the auxiliary electrode 2062 can supply more heat to the welding area, and can ensure the welding quality while welding thick plates. In addition, multiple welds may be made to sheet materials greater than 12mm in thickness.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the main welding rod 2061 and the auxiliary welding rod 2062 have the same structure, and are both a paper tube 2060 with a plug 2065 at the upper end, the inner cavities of the main welding rod 2061 and the auxiliary welding rod 2062 are respectively filled with a welding flux, the lower end of the welding flux in the paper tube 2060 is sequentially provided with a priming column 2063 and a priming wire 2064, and the end of the priming wire 2064 extends to the outside of the paper tube, so as to facilitate ignition by the ignition device.
The main electrode 2061 and the auxiliary electrode 2062 have the same internal flux composition and each comprise the following components:
24-30 parts of copper oxide, 20-25 parts of ferric oxide, 12-15 parts of aluminum, 4-5 parts of nickel protoxide, 1.6-4 parts of boron trioxide, 2.5-6.3 parts of ferromanganese, 1.9-4.8 parts of ferrosilicon, 1.8-6 parts of aluminum oxide, 1.2-4 parts of silicon dioxide, 0.8-1.6 parts of nickel, 1.8-3.6 parts of silver, 0.8-1.6 parts of titanium and 1.6-3.2 parts of lanthanide rare earth elements.
As a preferable scheme, the flux components of the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are as follows: 30 parts of copper oxide, 24 parts of ferric oxide, 14 parts of aluminum, 4 parts of nickel protoxide, 3.2 parts of boron trioxide, 5.7 parts of ferromanganese, 4 parts of ferrosilicon, 6 parts of aluminum oxide, 3.2 parts of silicon dioxide, 0.8 part of nickel, 2.1 parts of silver, 0.8 part of titanium and 2.2 parts of lanthanide rare earth elements.
The outer diameter of a paper tube of the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod is phi 10 mm-phi 16mm, the wall thickness is 0.2 mm, the interior of the paper tube is filled with a welding flux, and the lower end of the welding flux in the paper tube is sequentially provided with a fire fuse column and a firing line; the height-diameter ratio H/D of the flux filled in the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.3, and the forming compressive stress is more than or equal to 0.566 Mpa and less than or equal to 2.113 Mpa.
During specific manufacturing, taking the example that the height-diameter ratio H/D =0.2 and the forming compressive stress P =1.5Mpa when powder is filled, after the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are formed, the combustion speed is basically stabilized to be about 12.0mm/s, and the welding operation is convenient to implement.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the dual-welding rod self-propagating welding device used in the present invention includes a welding rod clamping mechanism 200, a welding rod moving mechanism 300, and a foldable support frame 100, wherein the welding rod clamping mechanism 200 is connected to the welding rod moving mechanism 300, and both the welding rod clamping mechanism 200 and the welding rod moving mechanism 300 are disposed on the support frame 100; the electrode holding mechanism 200 can hold two electrodes 206 at the same time and feed the two electrodes downward, the two electrodes 206 are a main electrode 2061 and an auxiliary electrode 2062, and the main electrode 2061 and the auxiliary electrode 2062 can be ignited by an ignition device and can be spontaneously ignited, and the welding is moved along a welding route by the electrode moving mechanism 300.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the supporting frame 100 includes two vertical rods 101, two horizontal rods 103, and four vertical rods 102 with adjustable heights, a long groove 105 for accommodating the vertical rod 102 is disposed in the middle of the vertical rod 101 along the length direction thereof, two ends of the horizontal rod 103 are respectively connected to the ends of the vertical rods 101, the two vertical rods 101 and the two horizontal rods 103 are assembled into a rectangular frame through bolts, and the upper ends of the four vertical rods 102 are respectively connected to the four corners of the rectangular frame through a rotating shaft 104; the lower end of the upright rod 102 is provided with an adjustable anchor 106, so that the two longitudinal rods are parallel to each other and the whole body is kept stable. The outer side wall of the long groove 105 on the longitudinal rod 101 is provided with a long mounting hole 107 for mounting the welding rod moving mechanism 300. The supporting frame with a frame structure is assembled by the vertical rods, the transverse rods and the vertical rods, and plays a role in integral supporting. When not in use, the welding rod moving mechanism 300 can be detached from the longitudinal rod, the vertical rod is folded to be accommodated in the long strip groove of the longitudinal rod, and two transverse rods are detached to be accommodated.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the welding rod moving mechanism 300 includes a handwheel 301, a lead screw 303, a rack 311, and a welding fixing block 304 for connecting with the welding rod clamping mechanism 200, the welding fixing block 304 is in threaded fit with the lead screw 303, the handwheel 301 is disposed at the end of the lead screw 303, the lead screw 303 is disposed parallel to the rack 311, both ends of the lead screw 303 and the rack 311 are disposed on a fixing plate 302, and the fixing plate 302 is disposed on the support frame 100; two driving gears 306 arranged in parallel are arranged on the outer wall of the welding fixing block 304, and both the two driving gears 306 are meshed with the rack 311; the other end of the drive gear 306 is connected to a drive flexible shaft 209, and is connected to the electrode clamping mechanism 200 via two drive flexible shafts 209 for feeding the main electrode 2061 and the auxiliary electrode 2062 downward. The hand wheel is shaken to drive the lead screw to rotate, and then the welding fixing block moves along the lead screw; meanwhile, the welding fixing block drives the driving gear to move horizontally along the rack, the two driving gears are meshed with the rack to realize simultaneous movement and rotation, the rotating driving gear drives the two transmission flexible shafts to rotate, and then power is transmitted to the welding rod clamping mechanism 200.
As a preferable structure, as shown in fig. 4, a guide rod 308 is arranged below the rack 311 in parallel, two ends of the guide rod 308 are arranged on the fixing plate 302, a roller 307 is arranged on a side wall of the fixed welding block 304, and a guide groove 310 matched with the roller 308 is arranged on an upper surface of the guide rod 308. By means of the matching of the roller and the guide groove, the welding fixing block can be supported and guided. During specific manufacturing, the fixing plate 302, the lead screw 303 and the guide rod 308 are connected through bolts, and then the fixing plate 302 is fixed in the long groove 105 of the longitudinal rod 101 through bolts, so that assembly and disassembly are facilitated.
When the folding bicycle is not used, the two upright posts 102 can be arranged in the long groove 105 in parallel, and the long groove 105 is a through groove which is through from top to bottom. When the welding rod moving mechanism is used, the fixing plate 302 of the welding rod moving mechanism 300 can be inserted into the long groove 105, the lead screw 303 of the welding rod moving mechanism 300 is arranged in parallel with the cross rod 103, the lead screw 303 is arranged above the longitudinal rod 101, and the guide rod 201 is arranged below the longitudinal rod 101; the welding rod clamping mechanism 200 is arranged in the rectangular frame, and the whole device is compact in structure and convenient to operate after being assembled.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the welding rod clamping mechanism 200 includes a spherical hinge 202, a spherical hinge fixing sleeve 203 and a fixing rod 201, the spherical hinge 202 is disposed in a loop of the spherical hinge fixing sleeve 203, and the fixing rod 201 is connected to the spherical hinge fixing sleeve 203; the welding rod welding device is characterized in that the number of the spherical hinge 202, the number of the spherical hinge fixing sleeves 203 and the number of the fixing rods 201 are two, the two spherical hinge fixing sleeves 203 are connected through a connecting rod 204, the main welding rod 2061 and the auxiliary welding rod 2062 are respectively arranged in a reserved hole in the fixing rod 201, a welding rod conveying mechanism connected with the two transmission flexible shafts 209 is arranged below the fixing rod 201, and the main welding rod 2061 and the auxiliary welding rod 2062 are conveyed downwards in the welding process; wherein, the fixing rod 201 for installing the main welding rod 2061 can be rotatably connected with the welding fixing block 304, or the fixing rod 201 for installing the auxiliary welding rod 2062 can be rotatably connected with the welding fixing block 304. The structure can be used for adjusting the positions and relative angles of the two welding rods, and the welding rod conveying mechanism is driven by the transmission flexible shaft, so that the two welding rods are conveyed downwards.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the spherical hinge fixing sleeve 203 comprises two semicircular hoops, wherein one side open ends of the two semicircular hoops are connected through bolts, and the other side open ends of the two semicircular hoops are connected with a connecting single lug fixed on the fixing rod 201 through bolts. When the welding rod fixing device is used, one fixing rod is fixed on the welding fixing block, the position of one welding rod can be fixed, and the position and the angle of the other welding rod can be adjusted through the matching of the spherical hinge and the spherical hinge fixing sleeve, so that the position adjustment of the two welding rods is realized.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, 2, and 5, the welding rod conveying mechanism includes a base 208 and two gear shafts 205 arranged side by side, the upper end of the base 208 is connected to the fixing rod 201, the two gear shafts 205 are vertically arranged on the side surface of the base 208, two gear shafts 205 for holding welding rods 206 are respectively arranged on the two bases 208, and two pairs of gear shafts 205 respectively hold a main welding rod 2061 and an auxiliary welding rod 2062; the end of the gear shaft 205 is provided with a transmission gear 207, the two transmission gears 207 are meshed, and the tail end of one gear shaft 205 is connected with a transmission flexible shaft 209. The transmission flexible shaft drives the gear shafts to rotate, so that the two transmission gears which are meshed with each other can be driven to rotate simultaneously, and the welding rods between the two gear shafts are driven to be conveyed downwards. The two transmission flexible shafts rotate simultaneously, so that the two welding rods can be driven simultaneously to synchronously convey the two welding rods downwards.
The welding process by using the double-welding-rod passive welding device is as follows: the hand-cranking handwheel 301 can drive the welding fixing block 304 to move along the guide rod 308, and simultaneously drive the two driving gears 306 to roll along the rack 311, and the two driving gears 306 respectively drive the two transmission flexible shafts 209 to rotate through the driving shaft 305; and then drive two pairs of drive gears 207 through two transmission flexible axle 209 and rotate, two pairs of intermeshing drive gears 207 are through two pairs of gear shafts 205 centre gripping main welding rod and auxiliary welding rod simultaneously go up and down respectively, make things convenient for the welding.
During specific operation, according to the actual condition of a welded workpiece, the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod can be arranged in the welding device according to different welding positions (flat welding, horizontal welding, vertical fillet welding, fillet clamping welding, vertical welding and the like) and heat treatment requirements before and after welding and the like, the relative positions of the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are adjusted through the welding rod clamping mechanism, the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are ignited by the ignition device, and the two double spontaneous combustion welding rods can complete different forms of welding (preheating before welding, slow cooling in the welding process, heat treatment after welding and the like). Compared with the existing welding pen or pen type welding rod, the invention adjusts the ignition sequence of the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod according to the actual requirement, can preheat, preserve heat and slowly cool the welded parts, can carry out solid solution strengthening, fine grain strengthening, precipitation strengthening and dispersion strengthening on the microstructure of the weld metal, increases the wettability of the weld joint and improves the mechanical property of the welding joint. Compared with the conventional welding technology, the invention does not need energy sources such as a power supply, an air source and the like and professional equipment, can complete the welding under the condition of no power source or equipment, and has safe and reliable operation; can avoid the welding defect that the misoperation arouses, improve welding quality.
In addition, the following two welding methods can be adopted:
1. the main welding rod is burnt before the auxiliary welding rod is burnt after the main welding rod is burnt, and the welding is carried out in a post-welding heat preservation mode. Most high-carbon steel has a postweld heat treatment process in a welding process, and the postweld heat treatment process mainly aims at reducing heat loss, preserving heat or performing postweld heat treatment and forming welding slag protection, and the postweld heat treatment mainly aims at annealing and eliminating stress. The application occasions are as follows: when welding is carried out in the field, the temperature change of the external environment is large, and the requirement on the welding performance is high.
The welding mode that the main welding rod is arranged in front of the auxiliary welding rod is adopted, the welding seam can be subjected to postweld heat treatment, the temperature reduction speed of the main welding rod can be slowed down, and meanwhile, a heat treatment function similar to tempering is achieved, so that the internal structure of an actual welding heat affected zone is correspondingly changed, the microstructure of welding seam metal is subjected to solid solution strengthening, fine grain strengthening, precipitation strengthening and dispersion strengthening, the mechanical property of a welding joint is improved, the welding quality is ensured, and the welding defects are reduced. Meanwhile, the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are insulated at the front and the back, so that the low-temperature heat treatment can be carried out on the welding seam under the condition that the welding seam is not cooled, the hydrogen elimination treatment after welding is realized, the escape of hydrogen in the welding seam and a heat affected zone is accelerated, the effect of preventing welding cracks from being generated during the welding of low alloy steel is very obvious, and the welding quality of a welding joint is improved.
In the welding mode, the flux composition of the main welding rod is different from that of the auxiliary welding rod, and the internal flux of the main welding rod comprises the following components:
23-31 parts of copper oxide, 19-25 parts of ferric oxide, 6-8 parts of nickel oxide, 12-16 parts of aluminum, 2.1-4 parts of boron trioxide, 3.3-6.2 parts of ferromanganese, 2.5-4.7 parts of ferrosilicon, 2.4-4 parts of silicon dioxide, 0.4-0.8 part of nickel, 1.2-2.4 parts of silver, 0.4-0.8 part of titanium and 1.2-2.4 parts of lanthanide rare earth elements.
The internal flux of the auxiliary welding rod comprises the following components:
17-21 parts of copper oxide, 12-14.6 parts of ferric oxide, 11-13.4 parts of ferric oxide, 9-11 parts of nickel oxide, 17-21 parts of aluminum, 4-5 parts of magnesium, 1.8-3.9 parts of potassium nitrate, 3-6.4 parts of sodium nitrate, 2.2-4.7 parts of starch, 1.4-3.7 parts of shellac, 1.4-3.7 parts of collodion, 0.4-1.1 parts of ethyl cellulose, 1.8-3.6 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.4-0.8 part of nickel, 1.2-2.4 parts of silver, 0.4-0.4 part of titanium and 1.2-2.4 parts of lanthanide rare earth elements.
The main welding rod preferably comprises the following components:
30 parts of copper oxide, 25 parts of ferric oxide, 8 parts of nickel oxide, 15 parts of aluminum, 3 parts of boron trioxide, 5 parts of ferromanganese, 3 parts of ferrosilicon, 4 parts of aluminum oxide, 3 parts of silicon dioxide, 0.5 part of nickel, 1.4 parts of silver, 0.6 part of titanium and 1.5 parts of lanthanide rare earth elements.
The composition of the auxiliary electrode is preferably as follows:
21 parts of copper oxide, 13 parts of ferric oxide, 12 parts of ferric oxide, 11 parts of nickel protoxide, 15 parts of aluminum, 4 parts of magnesium, 2 parts of potassium nitrate, 4 parts of sodium nitrate, 3 parts of starch, 3 parts of shellac, 2 parts of collodion, 1 part of ethyl cellulose, 3.2 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.4 part of nickel, 2.2 parts of silver, 0.8 part of titanium and 2.2 parts of lanthanide rare earth elements.
2. The auxiliary welding rod is used for preheating in the front, and the main welding rod is used for welding in the rear welding mode. The method is suitable for medium and high carbon steel with poor weldability, and is mainly used for preheating welded parts and improving wettability. The application occasions are as follows: preheating is needed in low-temperature environments such as low temperature, plateau and underwater.
The auxiliary welding rod is preheated before welding, so that the welding residual stress can be reduced, the cooling speed after welding can be slowed down, the hardness of a heat affected zone can be reduced, cold cracks can be prevented, and the crack resistance of a welding joint can be improved; the welding stress of the welding seam is reduced, and the plasticity of the welding joint can be improved. In this welding mode, the flux composition of the main electrode is different from that of the auxiliary electrode, and the flux of the main electrode comprises the following components:
29-33 parts of copper oxide, 26-30 parts of ferric oxide, 15-17 parts of aluminum, 1.6-2.6 parts of boron trioxide, 2.5-4.2 parts of ferromanganese, 1.9-3.2 parts of ferrosilicon, 2.4-3.6 parts of aluminum oxide, 1.6-2.4 parts of silicon dioxide, 0.83-1.66 parts of nickel, 1.53-3.06 parts of silver, 0.67-1.34 parts of titanium and 1.97-3.94 parts of lanthanide rare earth elements;
the internal flux of the auxiliary electrode comprises the following components:
1.5-2.1 parts of magnesium, 7-10 parts of aluminum, 2.5-3.6 parts of phosphorus, 3-4.3 parts of sulfur, 1.4-1.75 parts of boron trioxide, 0.6-0.75 part of barium nitrate, 1-1.25 parts of potassium nitrate, 27-34 parts of copper oxide, 24-30 parts of ferric oxide, 6-7.5 parts of nickel oxide, 1.4-3.7 parts of shellac, 1.2-3.2 parts of phenolic resin, 0.4-1.1 part of polytetrafluoroethylene, 1.8-3.6 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.4-0.8 part of nickel, 1.2-2.4 parts of silver, 0.4-0.8 part of titanium and 1.2-2.4 parts of lanthanide rare earth elements.
As a preferred scheme, the flux components of the main welding rod are as follows:
33 parts of copper oxide, 29 parts of ferric oxide, 16 parts of aluminum, 2 parts of boron trioxide, 4 parts of ferromanganese, 3 parts of ferrosilicon, 3 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of silicon dioxide, 1 part of nickel, 2.8 parts of silver, 1 part of titanium and 3.2 parts of lanthanide rare earth elements.
The flux components of the auxiliary welding rod are as follows: 2 parts of magnesium, 10 parts of aluminum, 3.1 parts of phosphorus, 3.9 parts of sulfur, 1.7 parts of boron trioxide, 0.6 part of barium nitrate, 1 part of potassium nitrate, 30 parts of copper oxide, 28 parts of ferric oxide, 6 parts of nickel oxide, 3 parts of shellac, 2.8 parts of phenolic resin, 1 part of polytetrafluoroethylene, 3 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.6 part of nickel, 1.4 parts of silver, 0.4 part of titanium and 1.5 parts of lanthanide rare earth elements.
When the welding rod is manufactured, the specific specifications of the components of the welding flux in the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are as follows:
analytically pure copper oxide (-200 mesh), analytically pure iron oxide (-200 mesh), analytically pure nickel oxide (-200 mesh), analytically pure aluminum powder (-80 mesh), analytically pure ferromanganese (-200 mesh), analytically pure ferrosilicon (-200 mesh), analytically pure aluminum oxide (-200 mesh), analytically pure silicon dioxide (-150 mesh), analytically pure nickel powder (-200 mesh), analytically pure silver powder (-80 mesh), analytically pure titanium powder (-80 mesh), lanthanide rare earth element (-200 mesh), analytically pure ferroferric oxide (-200 mesh), analytically pure nickel protoxide (-200 mesh), analytically pure magnesium powder (-80 mesh), analytically pure potassium nitrate (-200 mesh), analytically pure sodium nitrate (-200 mesh), analytically pure starch, analytically pure shellac, analytically pure collodion, analytically pure ethyl cellulose, analytically pure phosphorus (-80 mesh), analytically pure sulfur (-80 mesh), analytically pure phenol resin and analytically pure polytetrafluoroethylene. The data in parentheses above indicate that the particle size of each component is smaller than the corresponding mesh number.
Ball-milling and sieving the powder of the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod respectively, drying at 120 ℃ for 2 hours, mixing uniformly according to the proportion, filling into a paper tube shown in figure 6 to form a welding agent column, and after the filling is finished, installing a primer column and a firing line.
In conclusion, the welding device has the advantages of compact structure and convenience and quickness in operation, the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod on the welding fixing block can be driven to move along the screw rod by shaking the hand wheel, the requirement for conveying the welding rod during welding can be met, the welding defect caused by unskilled operation can be avoided, the operator can be far away from the welding position, the safety is ensured, and the psychological fear degree of the operator is reduced. The invention does not need external energy and equipment, is convenient to carry and simple to operate, and meets the requirement of emergent welding of metal parts when the external energy such as a power supply and an air source and welding equipment are lacked under the emergency conditions such as the field and the battlefield. The method is suitable for the field of emergency welding maintenance, the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod with different components can be reasonably selected according to specific welding requirements, the required welding requirements (preheating before welding, welding performance optimization, postweld heat treatment and the like) are met, operators do not need to be trained in welding skills, welding defects caused by improper operation can be avoided, and the operation is safe and reliable.
In the description above, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed above.
Claims (5)
1. A double-welding-rod welding method applied to thick plate welding is characterized by comprising the following steps: fixing a main welding rod and an auxiliary welding rod on a double-welding-rod self-propagating welding device, and after the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod are ignited by an ignition device, simultaneously burning the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod to carry out self-propagating welding; the welding method is suitable for welding the thicker plates of 6-12 mm;
the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod have the same internal flux composition and both comprise the following components: 24-30 parts of copper oxide, 20-25 parts of ferric oxide, 12-15 parts of aluminum, 4-5 parts of nickel protoxide, 1.6-4 parts of boron trioxide, 2.5-6.3 parts of ferromanganese, 1.9-4.8 parts of ferrosilicon, 1.8-6 parts of aluminum oxide, 1.2-4 parts of silicon dioxide, 0.8-1.6 parts of nickel, 1.8-3.6 parts of silver, 0.8-1.6 parts of titanium and 1.6-3.2 parts of lanthanide rare earth elements; the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod have the same structure and are both paper tubes with plugs at the upper ends, the outer diameter of each paper tube is phi 10 mm-phi 16mm, the wall thickness of each paper tube is 0.2 mm, welding flux is filled in each paper tube, and the lower ends of the welding flux in the paper tubes are sequentially provided with ignition powder columns and ignition wires; the height-diameter ratio H/D of the flux filled in the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.3, and the forming compressive stress is more than or equal to 0.566 Mpa and less than or equal to 2.113 Mpa; the double-welding-rod self-propagating welding device comprises a welding rod clamping mechanism, a welding rod moving mechanism and a foldable support frame, wherein the welding rod clamping mechanism is connected with the welding rod moving mechanism, and the welding rod clamping mechanism and the welding rod moving mechanism are arranged on the support frame; the welding rod clamping mechanism can clamp a main welding rod and an auxiliary welding rod, the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod can be ignited by the ignition device and then spontaneously combust, and the welding rod moving mechanism moves along a welding route for welding; the supporting frame comprises two longitudinal rods, two transverse rods and four height-adjustable vertical rods, a long groove for accommodating the vertical rods is formed in the middle of each longitudinal rod along the length direction of the longitudinal rod, two ends of each transverse rod are connected with the end portions of the longitudinal rods respectively, the two longitudinal rods and the two transverse rods are assembled into a rectangular frame through bolts, and the upper ends of the four vertical rods are connected with the four corners of the rectangular frame through rotating shafts respectively; the lower end of the upright rod is provided with an adjustable foot margin; the welding rod moving mechanism comprises a hand wheel, a lead screw, a rack and a welding fixing block connected with the welding rod clamping mechanism, the welding fixing block is in threaded fit with the lead screw, the hand wheel is arranged at the tail end of the lead screw, the lead screw is arranged in parallel to the rack, two ends of the lead screw and two ends of the rack are arranged on a fixing plate, and the fixing plate is arranged on the supporting frame; two driving gears which are arranged in parallel are arranged on the outer wall of the welding fixing block, and both the two driving gears are meshed with the rack; the other end of the driving gear is connected with the transmission flexible shafts, and is connected with the welding rod clamping mechanism through the two transmission flexible shafts and used for conveying the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod downwards; the welding rod clamping mechanism comprises a spherical hinge, a spherical hinge fixing sleeve and a fixed rod, the spherical hinge is arranged in a lantern ring of the spherical hinge fixing sleeve, and the fixed rod is connected with the spherical hinge fixing sleeve; the welding rod conveying mechanism is connected with the two transmission flexible shafts, and downwards conveys the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod in the welding process; the fixing rod for installing the main welding rod is connected with the welding fixing block in a rotating mode.
2. The dual stick welding process for thick sheet welding as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower side of the rack is provided with guide rods in parallel, two ends of each guide rod are arranged on the fixing plate, the side wall of each welding fixing block is provided with a roller, and the upper surface of each guide rod is provided with a guide groove matched with the roller.
3. The double stick welding method for thick plate welding as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the two upright posts can be arranged in the strip groove in parallel, the strip groove is a through groove which is communicated up and down, a fixing plate of the welding rod moving mechanism can be inserted into the strip groove, a lead screw of the welding rod moving mechanism is arranged in parallel with the cross rod, the lead screw is arranged above the longitudinal rod, and the guide rod is arranged below the longitudinal rod; the welding rod clamping mechanism is arranged in the rectangular frame.
4. The double stick welding method for thick plate welding as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixed cover of ball pivot includes two semicircle staple bolts, and the one side open end of two semicircle staple bolts passes through the bolt and links to each other, and the opposite side open end passes through the bolt and links to each other with the connection monaural that is fixed in on the dead lever.
5. The double stick welding method for thick plate welding as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the welding rod conveying mechanism comprises a base and two gear shafts arranged in parallel, the upper end of the base is connected with the fixed rod, the two gear shafts are vertically arranged on the side face of the base, the two bases are respectively provided with two gear shafts for clamping welding rods, and the two pairs of gear shafts respectively clamp the main welding rod and the auxiliary welding rod; the end part of the gear shaft is provided with a transmission gear, the two transmission gears are meshed, and the tail end of one gear shaft is connected with the transmission flexible shaft.
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