CN113714296B - Perforating machine center line calibration method based on laser tracker - Google Patents
Perforating machine center line calibration method based on laser tracker Download PDFInfo
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- CN113714296B CN113714296B CN202110944617.9A CN202110944617A CN113714296B CN 113714296 B CN113714296 B CN 113714296B CN 202110944617 A CN202110944617 A CN 202110944617A CN 113714296 B CN113714296 B CN 113714296B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B19/00—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work
- B21B19/02—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work the axes of the rollers being arranged essentially diagonally to the axis of the work, e.g. "cross" tube-rolling ; Diescher mills, Stiefel disc piercers or Stiefel rotary piercers
- B21B19/04—Rolling basic material of solid, i.e. non-hollow, structure; Piercing, e.g. rotary piercing mills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B38/00—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel tube manufacturing, and particularly relates to a perforating machine center line calibration method based on a laser tracker, which comprises the following steps: (1) Performing front and rear view inspection on the laser tracker by using OmniCal software; (2) horizontally adjusting the support tripod; (3) establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system by utilizing SA software; (4) determining the center of the three-roller centering device; (5) And adjusting the position of the three-roller centering device according to the distance from the center of the three-roller centering device to the center line. The invention adopts the laser tracker to respectively measure the centers of the front stage of the perforating machine, the three-roller centering device, the perforating roller, the guide plate and the ejector rod trolley with high precision, adjusts each midpoint to the same line by analyzing the coordinate positions of the centers of all parts so as to ensure the quality of the perforated capillary.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seamless steel tube manufacturing, and particularly relates to a perforating machine center line calibration method based on a laser tracker.
Background
The perforating machine is used as main equipment for producing seamless steel pipes and mainly comprises a perforating machine front stage, a main rolling mill and a perforating machine back stage device. One of the major product quality problems in the hot rolled seamless steel tube piercing process is uneven wall thickness. Once the center line of the perforating machine is deviated, obvious uneven wall thickness of the capillary can be generated, and if the wall thickness deviation of the perforated capillary cannot be eliminated in the subsequent process, the final quality defect of the product can be caused, the production qualification rate is influenced, the head and tail cutting is increased, and the economic benefit in the whole production process is further influenced.
The piercing-rolling center line is a virtual line, namely a center line during rolling, and the center line of a closed hole type formed by a main rolling mill part, namely a piercing roller and a guide plate, determines the uniformity of the wall thickness of a capillary rolled by a piercing machine. In general, the hole center line of the perforating machine main machine and the front and back center lines are required to be overlapped during production. When the perforating machine has uneven wall thickness of the perforated capillary and cannot be eliminated by other methods, the center line of the perforating machine needs to be checked.
The center points of a front stage of the perforating machine, a centering device for the three rollers inside and outside the perforating machine and a push rod trolley are on the same straight line, the distances from a guide plate to a central line are equal, the feeding angle and the rolling angle meet the technological requirements, and then fine adjustment of the central line of the guide plate or the roller is carried out according to operation experience.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the laser tracker-based center line calibration method of the puncher, which has good effect, meets the process requirements, and can eliminate uneven wall thickness of a punched capillary, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
a perforating machine center line calibration method based on a laser tracker comprises the following steps:
(1) Establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system by SA software: a positioning hole is reserved on each of the housing on two sides of the front stage of the perforating machine, and the straight midpoint of the two positioning holes is used as a front datum point; measuring the inner surface of the ejector rod trolley where the ejector rod is arranged for a circle by using a laser tracker, and fitting a cylinder, wherein the center of the cylinder is used as a rear datum point; taking the connecting line of the front datum point and the rear datum point as a central line and an x-axis, picking up the centers of the two positioning holes and the central three points of the ejector rod trolley as a plane, taking the plane as a datum plane, taking the axis vertical to the datum plane as a z-axis, and establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system;
(2) Selecting a sample tube with smooth inner and outer concentric surfaces, opening a centering device, holding the sample tube to a holding rod position, performing point measurement on the inner ring of the sample tube, and fitting a cylinder in SA software, wherein the center of the cylinder is the center of the centering device;
(3) And the offset of the centering device relative to the central line can be obtained by checking the distance from the center of the centering device to the central line, and the y and z coordinate values displayed by the offset are the left-right offset and the up-down offset of the centering device because the x axis direction is consistent with the central line direction, and the position of the centering device is adjusted according to the left-right offset and the up-down offset of the centering device so that the center of the centering device approaches to the central line.
As an improvement, the roll angle of the piercing machine comprises a feed angle and a milling angle, which are not adjustable during production, but can be measured and adjusted only during shutdown by means of the laser tracker.
As a further improvement, the method for calibrating the feed angle comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of placing a target ball on a special target seat, fixing the target seat on a roller of a perforating machine by using a hot melt adhesive gun, controlling the roller to drive the target ball to rotate along the axis of the roller at a certain speed, scanning out that the rotating track of the roller is a continuous point, fitting the continuous point to a circumference, adopting the method, respectively making a circumference before and after the roller, making a central line of the two circumferences as the working axis of the roller, respectively projecting the working axes of an upper roller and a lower roller on an x-y axis plane to make a straight line, and inquiring the angle between the straight line and the x-z axis plane to obtain a feed angle.
Preferably, the feed angle is 8-15 °.
As a further improvement, the calibration method of the rolling angle comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of placing a target ball on a special target seat, fixing the target seat on a roller of a perforating machine by using a hot melt adhesive gun, controlling the roller to drive the target ball to rotate along the axis of the roller at a certain speed, scanning out that the rotating track of the roller is a continuous point, fitting the continuous point to a circumference, adopting the method, respectively making a circumference before and after the roller, taking the central connecting line of the two circumferences as the working axis of the roller, respectively projecting the working axes of an upper roller and a lower roller onto an x-z axis plane to make a straight line, and inquiring the angle between the straight line and the x-y axis plane to obtain the milling angle.
As a modification, the centering device has a left-right offset of about 0.2mm.
As a modification, the centering device has an up-down offset of about 1.3mm.
In the step (1), before the three-dimensional coordinate system is established by SA software, front and rear view inspection is performed on the laser tracker by OmniCal software, and errors of inspection results are compensated by a 1.QVC function.
As a further improvement, the level adjustment is performed on the support tripod supporting the laser tracker, so that the actual level of the support tripod is ensured to coincide with the built-in electronic level of the laser tracking range finder.
As an improvement, the laser tracker is provided with a weather station with high integration level, and can compensate measurement errors caused by environmental factors.
The kinematic principle of the oblique rolling perforation process of the invention is as follows:
the oblique rolling perforation process is the interaction process between the tool and die (roller, plug and guide plate) and the workpiece (tube blank and blank tube) and is used for researching the motion parameters of the tool and die and the workpiece, namely the mutual relation between each speed component of the roller and the workpiece and each other. The kinematic significance of the inclined rolling perforation process is that the influence condition of various technological parameters of the inclined rolling perforation tool and die on the roller speed and the workpiece metal flow speed is known, and a theoretical basis is provided for tool and die design, production process formulation and the like.
When the pipe blank is fed into the rollers, the pipe blank is spirally rolled in the cavities of the two rollers and the guide plates at two sides, and the pipe blank is driven to reversely rotate and move forwards under the action of friction force between metal and the rollers. The tube blank is compressed in the radial direction and is elongated in the axial direction, and the tube blank is matched with the plug to form a capillary.
The peripheral speed of any point on the surface of the roller is as follows:
the diameter of a roller of the interface where the D-point is positioned is mm; n-roller rotation speed, rotation/min.
Assuming that the tube blank does not slide during the rolling process of the roller, the theoretical axial speed and the theoretical tangential speed of the tube blank are equal to those of the corresponding points on the surface of the roller. However, in actual rolling, the roll rotates to drive the tube blank to rotate, and slippage is inevitably generated between the tube blank and the surface of the roll, so that the general metal movement speed is smaller than the roll rotation speed, only the feeding angle alpha is considered, the rolling angle beta is not considered, and the speed W can be decomposed into an axial speed component Wo parallel to the rolling line and a tangential speed component Wt perpendicular to the rolling line. So there are:
wherein: alpha-feed angle, °.
When considering the roll angle β, the tangential velocity component is unchanged, while the axial velocity component will also rotate by an angle β, so the formula becomes:
in the formula, beta is rolling angle degree.
Wherein: η (eta) t -tangential slip coefficient, typically 1; η (eta) 0 -axial slip coefficient. The axial slip coefficient of the perforator is generally:
wherein: d, d 1 -inlet section tube blank diameter, mm: d, d 2 -plug outer diameter, mm; epsilon 0 -radial rolling reduction of the tube blank before the plug,%; k-number of rolls, usually 2.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method provided by the invention, a phi 273 machine set is taken as a platform, and a laser tracker is utilized to calibrate the center line of the perforating machine and the angle of the perforating roller; after a kinematic model of the oblique rolling perforating machine is established, performing precision inspection on a laser tracker by using OmniCal software, establishing a coordinate system on SA software by taking a perforating machine foreground and a push rod trolley as references, and respectively performing three-dimensional coordinate measurement on each reference point; the inner circle of the sampling tube is subjected to point measurement and fitting to obtain a cylinder, and the deviation in the east-west direction is measured to be-0.58-3.16 mm and the deviation in the up-down direction is-2.44-4.39 mm before adjustment; the east-west direction deviation after adjustment is-0.24-1.43 mm, the up-down direction deviation is-1.34-1.3 mm, each midpoint is obviously close to the central line, and the effect is good; the feeding angle of the upper roller is 10.1064 degrees, and the rolling angle is 15.2733 degrees; a lower roll feed angle 10.1082 deg., a roll angle 15.2772 deg.; the distance from the west guide plate to the central line is 300.56mm, and the distance from the east guide plate to the central line is 300.51mm, all meeting the technological requirements.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a measurement interface diagram in SA software provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. Wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are shown in schematic, rather than physical, views.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for calibrating a center line of a puncher based on a laser tracker comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps of performing front-rear view inspection on a laser tracker by OmniCal software, compensating error of an inspection result by 1.QVC to ensure accuracy of a measurement result, wherein the laser tracker is a radius plus laser tracker produced by American API company, is provided with a hidden point measurement function, and a tracker host is connected with a meteorological station with high integration level to automatically compensate measurement errors caused by working environment temperature, humidity conditions and the like;
(2) The supporting tripod of the supporting laser tracker is horizontally adjusted, so that the actual level of the supporting tripod is ensured to coincide with the built-in electronic level meter;
(3) The SA software is utilized to establish the virtual level in the coordinate system, and the specific steps are as follows: each of the housing areas on both sides of the front stage of the perforating machine is reserved with a positioning hole, and the straight midpoint of the two positioning holes is used as a front datum point; measuring the inner surface of the ejector rod trolley where the ejector rod is arranged for a circle, and then fitting a cylinder, wherein the center of the cylinder is used as a rear datum point; taking the connecting line of the front datum point and the rear datum point as a central line and an x axis, picking up the centers of the two positioning holes and the central three points of the ejector rod trolley as a plane, taking the plane as a datum plane, taking the axis vertical to the datum plane as a z axis, and establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system;
(4) Selecting a sample tube with smooth inner and outer concentric surfaces, opening the centering device, holding the sample tube to a holding rod position, performing point measurement on the inner ring of the sample tube, and then making a cylinder in SA (Spatial Analyzer) software, wherein the center of the cylinder is the center of the centering device;
(5) The offset of the centering device relative to the center line can be obtained by checking the distance from the center of the centering device to the center line, and the y and z coordinate values displayed by the offset are the left-right offset and the up-down offset of the centering device because the x axis direction is consistent with the center line direction, and the position of the centering device is adjusted according to the left-right offset and the up-down offset of the centering device, so that the center of the centering device approaches to the center line.
The roll angle of the puncher comprises a feeding angle and a rolling angle, and the calibration method of the feeding angle comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of placing a target ball on a special target seat, fixing the target seat on a roller of a perforating machine by using a hot melt adhesive gun, controlling the roller to drive the target ball to rotate along the axis of the roller at a certain speed, scanning out continuous points of the rotating track of the roller, fitting the continuous points to a circumference, adopting the method, respectively making a circumference around the roller, making a central connecting line of the two circumferences as a working axis of the roller, respectively projecting the working axes of an upper roller and a lower roller on an x-y axis plane as a straight line, inquiring the angle between the straight line and the x-z axis plane as a feeding angle, wherein the feeding angle is generally 8-15 degrees, respectively projecting the working axes of the upper roller and the lower roller on the x-z axis plane as a straight line, and inquiring the angle between the straight line and the x-y axis plane as a rolling angle.
Because the setting of this perforating machine set front and back stage is north and south and places, only need inquire thing direction (left and right direction) and high low orientation skew can, according to measuring result, finely tune the quick-witted inside and outside centering device, measuring result before the quick-witted inside and outside centering device debugging, back is as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Because the coordinate system is established by taking the front stage of the perforating machine and the ejector trolley as the reference, the center coordinates are 0, the # 1 centering device is used for centering in the machine, and the # 2- # 6 centering devices are used for centering out of the machine. As can be seen from Table 1, the deviation in the east-west direction before measurement was-0.58 to 3.16mm, and the deviation in the up-down direction was-2.44 to 4.39mm; the east-west direction deviation is-0.24-1.43 mm after adjustment, the up-down deviation is-1.34-1.3 mm, each midpoint is obviously close to the central line, the offset from the central line is smaller, and the process requirement (the general process requirement is not more than +/-2 mm) is met.
The roll angle and guide plate distance measurements are shown in table 2:
| feed angle (°) | Milling angle (°) | Distance (mm) | ||
| Upper roll angle | 10.1064 | 15.2733 | Western guide plate | 300.56 |
| Lower roll angle | 10.1082 | 15.2772 | East guide plate | 300.51 |
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the angles of the upper and lower roll feed angles (feed angles) and the rolling angles are substantially identical, and the center line deviation of the east and west guide plates is not great and is within a reasonable range.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical idea of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for calibrating the center line of the puncher based on the laser tracker is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system by SA software: a positioning hole is reserved on each of the housing on two sides of the front stage of the perforating machine, and the straight midpoint of the two positioning holes is used as a front datum point; measuring the inner surface of the ejector rod trolley where the ejector rod is arranged for a circle by using a laser tracker, and fitting a cylinder, wherein the center of the cylinder is used as a rear datum point; taking the connecting line of the front datum point and the rear datum point as a central line and an x-axis, picking up the centers of the two positioning holes and the central three points of the ejector rod trolley as a plane, taking the plane as a datum plane, taking the axis vertical to the datum plane as a z-axis, and establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system;
(2) Selecting a sample tube with smooth inner and outer concentric surfaces, opening a centering device, holding the sample tube to a holding rod position, performing point measurement on the inner ring of the sample tube, and then making a cylinder in SA software, wherein the center of the cylinder is the center of the centering device;
(3) The offset of the centering device relative to the center line can be obtained by inquiring the distance from the center of the centering device to the center line, and the y and z coordinate values displayed by the offset are the left-right offset and the up-down offset of the centering device because the x axis direction is consistent with the center line direction, and the position of the centering device is adjusted according to the left-right offset and the up-down offset of the centering device so that the center of the centering device approaches to the center line.
2. The laser tracker-based method of calibrating a center line of a perforator of claim 1, wherein the roll angle of the perforator comprises a feed angle and a roll angle, wherein the feed angle and the roll angle are not adjustable during production and can only be measured and adjusted by the laser tracker during shutdown.
3. The laser tracker-based method for calibrating a center line of a punch according to claim 2, wherein the method for calibrating the feed angle is as follows: the method comprises the steps of placing a target ball on a special target seat, fixing the target seat on a roller of a perforating machine by using a hot melt adhesive gun, controlling the roller to drive the target ball to rotate along the axis of the roller at a certain speed, scanning out that the rotating track of the roller is a continuous point, fitting the continuous point to a circumference, adopting the method, respectively making a circumference before and after the roller, making a central line of the two circumferences as the working axis of the roller, respectively projecting the working axes of an upper roller and a lower roller on an x-y axis plane to make a straight line, and inquiring the angle between the straight line and the x-z axis plane to obtain a feeding angle.
4. A method of calibrating a centre line of a laser tracker based perforator according to claim 3, wherein the feed angle is 8-15 °.
5. The method for calibrating a center line of a puncher based on a laser tracker according to claim 2, wherein the method for calibrating the rolling angle is as follows: the method comprises the steps of placing a target ball on a special target seat, fixing the target seat on a roller of a perforating machine by using a hot melt adhesive gun, controlling the roller to drive the target ball to rotate along the axis of the roller at a certain speed, scanning out that the rotating track of the roller is a continuous point, fitting the continuous point to a circumference, adopting the method, respectively making a circumference before and after the roller, taking the central connecting line of the two circumferences as the working axis of the roller, respectively projecting the working axes of an upper roller and a lower roller onto an x-z axis plane to make a straight line, and inquiring the angle between the straight line and the x-y axis plane to obtain the milling angle.
6. The laser tracker-based punch centerline calibration method of claim 1, wherein the centering device has a left-right offset of 0.2mm.
7. The laser tracker-based center line calibration method of a perforator of claim 1, wherein the centering device has an up-down offset of 1.3mm.
8. The method for calibrating a center line of a punch based on a laser tracker according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), before a three-dimensional coordinate system is established by using SA software, front and rear view inspection is performed on the laser tracker by using OmniCal software, and errors of inspection results are compensated by using a 1.QVC function.
9. The laser tracker-based punch centerline calibration method of claim 8, wherein a support tripod supporting the laser tracker is adjusted horizontally to ensure that the actual level of the support tripod coincides with a built-in electronic level of the laser tracker.
10. The method for calibrating a center line of a puncher based on a laser tracker according to claim 1, wherein the laser tracker is connected with a weather station with high integration level.
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| 李道刚 ; 刘雅政 ; 李志明 ; .浅议无缝钢管连轧机组的轧制中心线.钢管.2010,第39卷(第1期),第65-67页. * |
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