CN113710846A - 驱动滚筒的滚筒覆盖件 - Google Patents

驱动滚筒的滚筒覆盖件 Download PDF

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CN113710846A
CN113710846A CN201980095630.2A CN201980095630A CN113710846A CN 113710846 A CN113710846 A CN 113710846A CN 201980095630 A CN201980095630 A CN 201980095630A CN 113710846 A CN113710846 A CN 113710846A
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拉尔斯·奥利弗·齐滕
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Abstract

一种用于波纹机的驱动滚筒(12)的滚筒衬里(20a‑20c)，具有纺织物载体层(21)，所述纺织物载体层(21)在第一侧上具有第一涂层(22)并在第二侧上具有第二涂层(23)。所述第二涂层(23)具有在‑20℃至60℃范围内的玻璃化转变温度。

Description

驱动滚筒的滚筒覆盖件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于波纹纸板机的驱动滚筒的滚筒覆盖件。
背景技术
波纹纸板机具有将波纹纸板传送通过波纹纸板机的上部带和下部带。驱动滚筒用于将力传递到上部带和下部带。为确保从驱动滚筒到带的最佳的力传递，驱动滚筒(也称为驱动辊)设置有滚筒覆盖件。这导致最小的带滑移，以优化力传递并使带磨损最小化。这提高了波纹纸板机的效率。滚筒覆盖件的使用寿命为3到5年，并且通常牢固地粘结到驱动滚筒。为了更换覆盖件，驱动滚筒在波纹纸板机的生产线上进行加工和覆盖。在执行这项耗时的工作时，必须关闭波纹纸板机。此外，在更换覆盖件期间，可能因机械工作而造成伤害风险，也可能因使用含溶剂的粘合剂而造成健康风险。
WO 2018/001395 A1描述了一种用于波纹纸板机的驱动滚筒的自张紧滚筒覆盖件。这种覆盖件具有在加热时可逆收缩的纺织物载体材料。它由两条长方形条带组成，每条长方形条带在狭窄侧面上连接到凸三角形区域。为了给驱动滚筒提供滚筒覆盖件，凸三角区域的中心轴线沿着驱动滚筒的圆周中心轴线布置。它通过固定铆钉被固定在那里。然后旋转驱动滚筒，使得条带螺旋地缠绕在驱动滚筒周围。条带在其末端被切断，在所述末端它们使用其他固定铆钉固定到驱动滚筒表面。在波纹纸板机中与工艺相关的温度升高时，滚筒覆盖件发生收缩，从而使其张紧。冷却后，滚筒覆盖件凭借可逆收缩行为恢复到其原始形式，使得可以轻松地从驱动滚筒移除。这种自张紧代表了一种创新的解决方案，可以在不牢固粘结的情况下将滚筒覆盖件固定在驱动滚筒上。然而，操作者不得不使用一种不寻常的方法来覆盖驱动滚筒。
使用橡胶驱动滚筒也是已知的。然而，在橡胶涂层磨损后必须更换整个驱动滚筒。
JP H03-310290 A描述了一种防滑性材料。这种材料具有载体，在其一侧上涂覆有多孔聚氨酯膜，另一侧上涂覆有丙烯酸树脂。
在WO 2007/122708 A1中描述了具有在-50℃至20℃范围内的玻璃化转变温度的树脂可用模具作剥离剂，以将热压工艺制得的制品从模板(form)释放。
因此，本发明所解决的问题是提供一种滚筒覆盖件，所述滚筒覆盖件可以被应用于波纹纸板机的驱动滚筒并且从所述驱动滚筒快速移除而几乎没有危险的可能性。这种应用应当以类似于标准粘结的滚筒覆盖件的应用的方式进行，因此不需要波纹纸板机的作业员学习新的工作方法。
发明内容
所述问题通过一种用于波纹纸板机的驱动滚筒的滚筒覆盖件来解决，所述覆盖件至少具有三层。纺织物载体层尤其是织物层用作滚筒覆盖件的基底。在第一侧上所述纺织物载体层具有第一涂层，并且在第二侧上所述纺织物载体层具有第二涂层。第一侧旨在布置在驱动滚筒上的带侧上。第二侧旨在布置在驱动滚筒上的滚筒侧上。因此，第一涂层用于防止上部带或下部带从驱动滚筒滑落。这样，确保了驱动滚筒与相关带之间的最佳力传递。第二涂层的目的是防止滚筒覆盖件从驱动滚筒表面脱离。在标准滚筒覆盖件的情况下，所述问题是通过在滚筒表面施加粘合剂层来解决的，所述粘合剂层将滚筒覆盖件牢固地粘结到驱动滚筒。
本发明基于以下发现：所述问题也可以通过施加至纺织物载体层并且具有在-20℃至60℃范围内的玻璃化转变温度的第二涂层来解决。所述玻璃化转变温度优选地在0℃至50℃的范围内，更优选地在10℃至40℃的范围内。聚合物在超过其玻璃化转变温度时，会从固态转变为橡胶状或粘性状态。所述玻璃化转变温度尤其可以通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)测定。在这个过程中，涂覆材料的热容根据其温度进行测量。高于和低于玻璃化转变温度的热容不同，其中在玻璃化转变温度附近发生连续转变。测量方法在标准DIN EN ISO11357-2:2014-07中有所描述。
工厂中通常存在的环境温度接近第二涂层的玻璃化转变温度。因此，所述第二涂层具有一定的粘结性，这使得在波纹纸板机处于停机状态时，滚筒覆盖件能够粘结到驱动滚筒上并保持在其位置，而无需使用附加的粘合剂。根据本发明，实际上应当可以放弃使用这种粘合剂。然而，在所述温度下第二涂层的粘合性足够微弱，使得滚筒覆盖件连同第二涂层可以从驱动滚筒上剥离而不会留下任何残余物并且不必使用锋利的工具。在正常工作条件下不会发生环境温度不会比玻璃化转变温度低到滚筒覆盖件不再附着在驱动滚筒的程度。如果滚筒覆盖件具有在波纹纸板机运行时同样表现出这种微弱粘合性的第二涂层，则在上部带或下部带施加的相当大的机械负荷下，滚筒覆盖件将与驱动滚筒脱离。然而，根据本发明使用的第二涂层的优点在于，当波纹纸板机运行时，其加热到明显高于其玻璃化转变温度。因此，它的韧性和粘合性增加到防止滚筒覆盖件从驱动滚筒上脱离的程度。然而，在波纹纸板机关闭并冷却后，所述过程是完全可逆的。第二层涂层的粘合性随着其冷却而减弱，使得可以毫无问题地更换磨损的滚筒覆盖件。
为了提供具有所需玻璃化转变温度的第二涂层，所述第二涂层优选包含至少一种聚合物，所述至少一种聚合物选自由以下项组成的组：聚丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯三元共聚物、橡胶、硅氧烷、聚氨酯及它们的混合物。特别优选的是聚丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯共聚物和丙烯酸酯三元共聚物。必须选择聚合物使得达到第二涂层所需的玻璃化转变温度。例如，具有非常高的玻璃化转变温度并且可用作橡胶驱动滚筒的涂层但不适用于第二涂层的硫化橡胶是现有技术已知的。例如，聚丙烯酸酯的玻璃化转变温度也相对于其侧链的长度而显著变化。具有极短侧链的聚丙烯酸酯(例如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)，其具有在100℃至120℃的范围内的玻璃化转变温度)无法单独使用以获得适用于根据本发明的滚筒覆盖件的第二涂层。
如果均聚物未达到第二涂层所需的玻璃化转变温度，则可以在第二涂层的制备过程中共聚其他组分，以改变涂层的玻璃化转变温度，使得其处于所需范围内。聚合物优选地通过将丙烯酸或所述丙烯酸的盐与N-乙烯基内酰胺或与N-乙烯基酸酰胺以及与至少一种烷基乙烯基醚共聚而制得。
特别地，单体的混合比可以根据Fox方程进行选择，以便产生共聚物或三元共聚物所需的玻璃化转变温度TG：
Figure BDA0003313201200000031
在所述方程中，n表示所用单体的运行数值，wn表示给定单体n以重量％表示的质量分数，并且TG,n表示各个单体n的均聚物的给定玻璃化转变温度。Fox方程在T.G.Fox,Bull.Am.Phys.Soc.1956,1,123中有所描述。
即使基本上超过第二涂层的玻璃化转变温度，以便增加其粘合性，同时期望波纹纸板机正在运行，另一方面，第二涂层的液化也可能导致纺织物载体层从驱动滚筒脱离，因此应当避免。波纹纸板机通常在80℃至120℃范围内的工作温度运行。然而，可能达到高达150℃的临时峰值温度。为了保证波纹纸板机运行时产生的温度与第二涂层的熔点之间有足够的间隔，因此优选第二涂层的熔点至少为180℃。
为确保在波纹纸板机运行时滚筒覆盖件与驱动滚筒牢固粘结，第二层涂层不应当太薄。也不能太厚，否则由驱动滚筒传递到上部带或下部带的力将由于剪切而在第二涂层内被吸收的比例太大。据发现，第二涂层的优选厚度在0.1mm至0.5mm的范围内。此外，第二涂层的每单位面积重量优选地在300g/m2至500g/m2的范围内。
即使在室温下，第二涂层的粘合性也会造成在滚筒覆盖件未组装状态下灰尘颗粒附着到涂层的风险。在灰尘颗粒粘在第二涂层上的地方，当滚筒覆盖件应用于驱动滚筒时，第二涂层与驱动滚筒表面之间不存在牢固的粘结。因此优选地将覆盖层施加至第二涂层。所述覆盖层可保护第二层涂层免受灰尘影响，并且可以在剥离之后立即将滚筒覆盖件应用于驱动滚筒。特别完全适用于覆盖层的材料包括聚乙烯和/或聚丙烯。这些材料可以塑料膜的形式施加至第二涂层，不仅足够牢固地附着到涂层以防止意外脱落，而且还可以在将滚筒覆盖件应用于驱动滚筒之前毫不费力地从第二涂层去除。
为了容易地将滚筒覆盖件应用于驱动滚筒，覆盖件的厚度优选地至多15mm，更优选地至多10mm。然而，纺织物载体材料的厚度优选地在1mm至9mm的范围内，更优选地在4mm至7mm的范围内，以便确保滚筒覆盖件的足够耐久性。
所述纺织物载体层优选地包含由至少一种聚酯制成的线和/或纤维。
优选地选择纺织物载体材料和两种涂覆材料的组合，使得滚筒覆盖件具有大于50的肖氏A硬度。这可以根据标准DIN ISO 7619-1确定。在用于波纹纸板机中期间，这种量级的硬度赋予滚筒覆盖件较长的使用寿命，使得几乎不需要因为更换滚筒覆盖件而必须关闭波纹纸板机。
所述第一涂层优选地包含涂覆材料，所述涂覆材料选自由以下项组成的组：橡胶、硅氧烷、聚氨酯及它们的混合物。所述第一涂层特别优选地由所述涂覆材料组成。硅氧烷，特别是聚二甲基硅氧烷，特别优选地作为涂覆材料。交联的聚二甲基硅氧烷是最优选的。这些材料类别的所选择的代表具有高耐磨性和高摩擦系数，这防止了上部带或下部带从滚筒覆盖件滑落。
所述第一涂层的厚度优选地在0.1mm至3.0mm的范围内。更优选地在0.5mm至1.5mm的范围内。
附图说明
本发明的示例性实施方案在附图中被描绘并且在以下描述中被更详细地描述。
图1示出波纹纸板机的示意性侧视图，其驱动滚筒具有根据本发明的示例性实施方案的滚筒覆盖件。
图2示出驱动滚筒的立体图，其具有根据本发明的示例性实施方案的滚筒覆盖件。
图3示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的滚筒覆盖件的剖视图。
图4示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的滚筒覆盖件的纺织物载体材料的纵剖面。
具体实施方式
图1示出具有根据本发明的示例性实施方案的滚筒覆盖件的波纹纸板机10的关键部件。上部带11由第一驱动滚筒12驱动，所述第一驱动滚筒覆盖有根据本发明的示例性实施方案的三个滚筒覆盖件20a-20c。下部带13由第二驱动滚筒14驱动，所述第二驱动滚筒同样覆盖有根据本发明的示例性实施方案的三个滚筒覆盖件20a-20c。多层片波纹纸板15通过加热板16在上部带11与下部带13之间传送，从而将各层片粘结在一起。两个驱动滚筒12、14是直径90cm和长度280cm的标准钢滚筒。滚筒长度确定可以在波纹纸板机10中传送的波纹纸板片材15的最大宽度。
图2示出三个滚筒覆盖件20a-20c在第一驱动滚筒12上的布置。这些覆盖件各自缠绕在驱动滚筒12的圆周上，使得滚筒覆盖件20a至20c中的每一者的两端彼此接触。沿着驱动滚筒12的纵向轴线，相应的相邻滚筒覆盖件20a-20c同样彼此接触，使得驱动滚筒12的表面被滚筒覆盖件20a至20c完全覆盖。滚筒覆盖件20a-20c中的每一者具有呈纺织物载体层21形式的基底，所述纺织物载体层被构造为织物层。在滚筒覆盖件的背离驱动滚筒12的表面的一侧上，纺织物载体层21涂覆有第一涂层22。在其面向驱动滚筒12的表面的一侧上，纺织物载体层21涂覆有第二涂层23。
图3示出应用于驱动滚筒12之前的滚筒覆盖件20a。纺织物载体层21具有5.5mm的厚度d21。第一涂层22具有1.0mm的厚度d22。第二涂层23具有0.3mm的厚度d23。呈聚乙烯膜形式的覆盖层24被施加至第二涂层23。
为了将示出的滚筒覆盖件20a应用于驱动滚筒12，从第二涂层23剥离覆盖层24，然后将滚筒覆盖件20a包裹在驱动滚筒12周围，使得第二涂层23面向驱动滚筒12的表面。当波纹纸板机10运行时，第二涂层23变热并且其粘合性因此增加。因此防止了滚筒覆盖件20a与驱动滚筒12的脱离。如果由于驱动滚筒12上的严重磨损而需要移除滚筒覆盖件20a，则关闭波纹纸板机10并等待直到滚筒覆盖件20a和第二涂层23已经冷却至室温。因此，第二涂层23的粘合性充分减弱，使得滚筒覆盖件20a可以容易地从驱动滚筒12脱离。完成这种脱离时不会在驱动滚筒12的表面上留下任何第二涂层23的残余物。第二涂层23与纺织物载体层21的粘结比与驱动滚筒12的光滑表面的粘结更牢固。因此，新的滚筒覆盖件可以直接应用于驱动滚筒12的表面，而不必从其去除任何粘合剂残余物，并且波纹纸板机10可以恢复运行。滚筒覆盖件20a的肖氏A硬度为54，因此耐磨且很少需要更换。
纺织物载体层21的织物如图4所示。聚酯纬线314在三个纺织物层片311、312、313中横向于织物的纵向延伸。在上部纺织物层片311中，提供了由聚酯/人造丝共混物制成且相对于彼此交错延伸的四根经线3111、3112、3113、3114，它们向内延伸至中间织物层片312并在每种情况下向外在至少两根纬线314上延伸。中间织物层片312具有相对于彼此交错延伸的两根聚酯经线3121、3122，它们在每种情况下在两根纬线314上延伸。下部织物层片313由4根经线3131、3132、3133、3134组成，所述经线由聚酯/人造丝混合物制成，每根经线相对于彼此交错延伸，并且仅在一根纬线314上向内延伸到中间纺织物层312并且在至少三根纬线314上向外延伸。三个织物层片311、312、313通过由聚酯/人造丝混合物制成的扎缚线3141、3142、3143、3144交织。在每种情况下，扎缚线被细分为2个线组，其中形成一个线组的扎缚线3143、3144相对于彼此交错延伸并且将上部织物层片311结合到中间织物层片312。扎缚线3143和3144各自交替地围绕上部织物层片311中的一根纬线314和中间织物层312中的一根纬线314被引导。由扎缚线3141和3142形成的线组以对应的方式将下部织物层片313结合到中间纺织物层片312。
第一涂层22由具有填料和辅助剂的聚二甲基硅氧烷和三乙酰氧基乙基硅烷交联剂(来自威凯化学品公司的Elastosil E43 N)组成。
第二涂层23由三元共聚物组成，其由乙烯基吡咯烷酮、丙烯酸和乙烯基乙醚以100:50:350的质量比制得。根据DE 34 23 446 A1中描述的合成方案，聚合在溶剂二氧杂环己烷中进行，使用过氧化新戊酸酯作为引发剂。三元共聚物具有23℃的玻璃化转变温度。第二涂层23的每单位面积重量为425g/m2。
为了制得根据本发明的示例性实施方案的滚筒覆盖件20a，提供了纺织物载体层21，其在一侧上涂覆有第一涂层22。将800g/m2的第二涂层23的涂覆材料的含水分散体施加在相对侧。所述含水分散体的固体含量为53重量％。在第二涂层23的流体组分蒸发之后，后者被覆盖层24覆盖。滚筒覆盖件20a现在处于可传送的形式，其中防止了灰尘不经意地粘在第二涂层23上。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于波纹纸板机(10)的驱动滚筒(12、14)的滚筒覆盖件(20a-20c)，其具有纺织物载体层(21)，所述纺织物载体层在第一侧上具有第一涂层(22)且在第二侧上具有第二涂层(23)，其中所述第二涂层(23)具有根据DIN EN ISO 11357-2:2014-07在-20℃至60℃范围内的玻璃化转变温度。
2.如权利要求1所述的滚筒覆盖件(20a-20c)，其特征在于，所述第二涂层(23)包含至少一种聚合物，所述至少一种聚合物选自由以下项组成的组：聚丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯三元共聚物、橡胶、硅氧烷、聚氨酯及它们的混合物。
3.如权利要求2所述的滚筒覆盖件(20a-20c)，其特征在于，所述聚合物通过将丙烯酸或烷基酸的盐与N-乙烯基内酰胺或N-乙烯基酸酰胺以及与至少一种烷基乙烯基醚共聚而制得。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的滚筒覆盖件(20a-20c)，其特征在于，所述第二涂层(23)具有至少180℃的熔点。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的滚筒覆盖件(20a-20c)，其特征在于，所述第二涂层(23)具有在0.1mm至0.5mm范围内的厚度(d23)。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的滚筒覆盖件(20a-20c)，其特征在于，所述第二涂层(23)具有在300g/m2至500g/m2范围内的每单位面积重量。
7.如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的滚筒覆盖件(20a-20c)，其特征在于，覆盖层(24)被施加至所述第二涂层(23)。
8.如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的滚筒覆盖件(20a-20c)，其特征在于，所述覆盖件具有根据DIN ISO 7619-1的大于50的肖氏A硬度。
9.如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的滚筒覆盖件(20a-20c)，其特征在于，所述纺织物载体层(21)包含由至少一种聚酯制成的线和/或纤维。
10.如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的滚筒覆盖件(20a-20c)，其特征在于，所述纺织物载体层(21)具有在1mm至9mm范围内的厚度(d21)。
11.如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的滚筒覆盖件(20a-20c)，其特征在于，所述第一涂层(22)包含至少一种涂覆材料，所述至少一种涂覆材料选自由以下项组成的组：橡胶、硅氧烷、聚氨酯及它们的混合物。
12.如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的滚筒覆盖件(20a-20c)，其特征在于，所述第一涂层(22)具有在0.1mm至3.0mm范围内的厚度(d22)。
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US10801542B1 (en) 2020-10-13
EP3741910A1 (de) 2020-11-25
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CN113710846B (zh) 2023-02-24

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