CN113698029A - Gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system and operation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113698029A
CN113698029A CN202110794078.5A CN202110794078A CN113698029A CN 113698029 A CN113698029 A CN 113698029A CN 202110794078 A CN202110794078 A CN 202110794078A CN 113698029 A CN113698029 A CN 113698029A
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gate
water quality
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CN113698029B (en
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许明
马吴成
王昌辉
沈晓笑
江和龙
薛朝霞
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Hohai University HHU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system and an operation method thereof, wherein the gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system comprises a monitoring early warning system, a hydrodynamic system and a water quality purification system; the monitoring and early warning system comprises a hydrological monitor, a water quality detector and an intelligent gate control controller and is used for detecting hydrology and water quality, regulating and controlling aeration time and controlling the opening and closing of a gate. The hydrodynamic system comprises a directional running water impeller and an in-situ running water oxygen flushing device, and is used for improving the water flow to optimize in-situ and ex-situ hydrodynamic conditions; the water quality purification system comprises one or more of an anti-fouling curtain, a biological carrier bed, a biological filler and a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix and is used for removing pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water quality; by constructing a gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water ecological construction system which is based on hydrodynamic improvement, has water quality purification as a core and is assisted by monitoring and early warning, the outstanding problems of water body stagnation, large water level change, estuary pollutant accumulation and the like are solved, and the purposes of water activation, purification and flood control are realized.

Description

Gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system and operation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of river water purification and water body restoration, and particularly relates to a gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water purification system and an operation method thereof.
Background
With the development and progress of the society and the improvement of the living standard of people, the river channel not only needs to meet the requirements of flood discharge, drainage and the like, but also needs of people on the quality of water environment and ecological environment. However, the river mouth of the river channel is blocked, the water flow is not smooth and the water body self-purification capacity is poor due to poor dynamic conditions, large water level change, serious pollutant accumulation and high content of insoluble TP. Therefore, aiming at serious problems of insufficient river channel hydrodynamic force, sediment accumulation, water body pollution and the like, a water ecosystem which is stable in operation, convenient to operate and manage, free of secondary pollution and fast in effect needs to be constructed.
CN103422466A discloses a black and odorous river treatment and recovery method, which comprises river interception, river dredging, slope surface finishing, plant mat laying and the like. A new water body ecological system is formed, so that the water body reaches the standards of four types of water. CN110092546A discloses a river regulation and purification method, which comprises cleaning up the sediment deposited in the river by a river water purification mechanism with a conical structure; treating aquatic algae on the river surface by adopting a river surface interception structure; reoxygenation of river water by adopting a manual aeration mode; a water blocking weir is arranged in the center of the river channel, and fish and aquatic plant eutrophication ponds are arranged on two banks of the river channel. The nitrogen and phosphorus content is reduced by comprehensive application of various treatment modes. But the combination of river hydrology, hydrodynamic conditions and water quality purification is not considered so as to adapt to the construction of non-constant water level river mouth water ecology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water purification system and an operation method thereof, which solve the problems of running water, purification and flood control by constructing a gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water ecological construction system taking hydrodynamic improvement as a basis, water purification as a core and monitoring and early warning as assistance. The method has the advantages of stable operation, convenient operation and management, no secondary pollution, quick response and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system and an operation method thereof comprise a monitoring early warning system, a hydrodynamic system and a water quality purification system; the monitoring and early warning system comprises a water quality detector, a hydrological monitor and an intelligent gate control controller, and is used for detecting hydrology and water quality, regulating and controlling aeration time and controlling the opening and closing of a gate; the hydrodynamic system comprises a directional running water impeller and an in-situ running water oxygen flushing device and is used for improving water flow to purify water quality; the water quality purification system comprises one or more of an anti-fouling curtain, a biological carrier bed, a biological filler and a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix and is used for removing pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water quality.
Preferably, emergent aquatic plants are planted in the biological carrier bed, arranged in the estuary area and on two sides of the estuary close to the river bank and distributed along the water flow direction; the biological filler is a carbon nano material, the carbon precursor is a metal carbide, an organic silicon polymer and the like, the aperture is 2-50 nm, and the specific surface area is 390-1955 m2The biological fillers are connected end to end, are fixedly arranged at two sides close to the middle of the river mouth by fixing facilities and are distributed along the water flow direction; the total iron content of the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix is not lower than 40mg/g, the total aluminum content is not lower than 100mg/g, the total calcium content is not lower than 5mg/g, and the total magnesium content is not lower than 5 mg/g.
Preferably, the non-constant water level estuary water ecosystem can be divided into a pretreatment interception unit, a reinforced biological treatment unit, a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix restoration unit and a wetland plant purification unit according to regions; the pretreatment intercepting unit is positioned in the estuary area and comprises a water quality monitor, an antifouling curtain, a biological carrier bed and a directional running water plug; the enhanced biological treatment unit is positioned on the right side of the estuary and comprises a biological carrier bed, biological fillers and an in-situ active water oxygen flushing device; the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix repairing units are positioned at the left side and the right side of a river mouth close to the check gate and comprise a biological carrier bed, biological fillers, a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix, a water quality monitor, a directional running water impeller and an in-situ running water flushing device; the wetland plant purification unit is positioned on the left side of the estuary and comprises a biological carrier bed, biological fillers, an in-situ running water oxygen flushing device, a directional running water plug flow device, a biological carrier bed and a water quality monitor.
A gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system and an operation method thereof comprise the following steps:
step 1: river mouth incoming water flows into the pretreatment intercepting unit from a river mouth area, the water quality monitor monitors water quality and controls the directional running water plug flow device to perform hydrodynamic optimization, the antifouling curtain intercepts suspended matters, the biological carrier bed purifies the water quality, and the directional running water plug flow device pushes water flow to enter the enhanced biological treatment unit;
step 2: purifying the water flow in the enhanced biological treatment unit by a biological carrier bed and biological fillers, and controlling the reoxygenation of the in-situ running water oxygen flushing device by the water quality monitor in the step 1;
and step 3: the water flows into the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix repairing unit, is purified by the biological carrier bed and the biological filler, absorbs and removes phosphorus from the water body and the bottom mud by the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix, and pushes the water flow to advance from the right side to the left side of the estuary by the directional running water impeller, and the water quality monitor monitors the water quality and controls the reoxygenation of the in-situ running water oxygen flushing device;
and 4, step 4: the water flow flows into the wetland plant purification unit, is purified by the biological carrier bed and the biological filler, and the water quality monitor controls the reoxygenation of the in-situ running water flushing device, and the directional running water plug flow device pushes the purified water to move along the left side of the river mouth in the river mouth area;
and 5: the hydrological monitoring system monitors the water level before and after the damper gate and the rainfall weather forecast, and determines the opening and closing time of the damper gate.
Preferably, the opening time T of the directional running water impeller in the step 11The calculation method of (1):
Figure BDA0003161985980000031
V1is the water flow rate, b is the water flow rate threshold, n is the mole number of oxygen in the water, MOThe molar mass of oxygen, G the aeration intensity of the directional running water impeller and DO0The concentration of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in III-class water is the environmental quality standard of surface water1The real-time dissolved oxygen concentration of the water quality monitor.
Preferably, the aeration time T of the in-situ active water oxygen flusher in the step 2 is2The calculation method of (2):
Figure BDA0003161985980000032
Figure BDA0003161985980000033
the water quality monitor monitors the total nitrogen concentration in the water body,
Figure BDA0003161985980000034
is the surface water environment quality standard III class water total nitrogen concentration, alphaSFor seasonal variation parameters, TWAs the water temperature-affecting parameter, the temperature of the water,
Figure BDA0003161985980000035
the aeration time is the standard aeration time of the in-situ active water oxygen flushing device.
Preferably, the opening time T of the directional running water impeller in the step 33The calculation method of (3); aeration time T of in-situ active water oxygen flushing device4The calculation method of (3) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003161985980000036
V0is the lowest flow velocity of the running water in the river course, V2The cross-sectional flow rate of the unit is repaired by the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix, and a is the hydrodynamic lifting coefficient of the directional running water impeller;
Figure BDA0003161985980000037
Figure BDA0003161985980000038
the water quality monitor monitors the total nitrogen concentration in the water body,
Figure BDA0003161985980000039
is the surface water environment quality standard III class water total nitrogen concentration, alphaSFor seasonal variation parameters, TWAs the water temperature-affecting parameter, the temperature of the water,
Figure BDA00031619859800000310
the aeration time is the standard aeration time of the in-situ active water oxygen flushing device.
Preferably, the aeration time T of the in-situ active water oxygen flusher in the step 4 is5The calculation method of (d) is as follows:
Figure BDA00031619859800000311
Figure BDA00031619859800000312
the water quality monitor monitors the total nitrogen concentration in the water body,
Figure BDA00031619859800000313
is the surface water environment quality standard III class water total nitrogen concentration, alphaSFor seasonal variation parameters, TWAs the water temperature-affecting parameter, the temperature of the water,
Figure BDA0003161985980000041
the aeration time is the standard aeration time of the in-situ active water oxygen flushing device.
Preferably, the opening and closing time T of the brake in the step 5 is controlled6The calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003161985980000042
t' is the forecast period available for rainfall forecast, H2To control the water level behind the gate, H1In order to control the water level in front of the gate, B is the width of the upper bottom of the normal water level of the river mouth, B is the width of the lower bottom of the normal water level of the river mouth, L is the upstream length of the river mouth, and Q is the maximum flood discharge flow of the control gate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) the method is based on the complex conditions of non-constant water levels in flood seasons and non-flood seasons, aiming at the difficulties of large hydrological change at river mouths, water body stagnation and strong impact of flow rate change, the wetland ecosystem is strengthened by combining hydrodynamic optimization, efficient purification and ecological restoration, the hydrodynamic optimization, water quality purification and water ecosystem construction of the gate-controlled river mouth polluted river channel are combined, and the method is strong in adaptability.
(2) Aiming at the problems of gate-controlled river mouth pollutant accumulation, water body stagnation, ecological system weakness and the like, the invention combines the technologies of biological strengthening treatment, micro-power plug flow, wetland purification and the like, exerts the advantages of the river water ecological system and improves the inherent self-cleaning capability of the river. The method has good hydrodynamic optimization effect and high removal efficiency. The flow velocity of the water body is increased to 3-5 cm/s, the TP removal rate is more than 50%, and the water quality at the river mouth is increased from the inferior V type to the III type.
(3) The method has the advantages of high precision, simple operation and low operation cost. On the basis of the technology of gate-controlled estuary non-constant water level riverway water body strengthening restoration, the water level, water quality and meteorological conditions of the gate-controlled estuary area are monitored and pre-warned in real time by means of a pre-warning management system, and flood control requirements in flood season are met while water quality in the estuary area is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system and an operation method thereof;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a pre-treatment intercepting unit of the gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the enhanced biological treatment unit and wetland plant purification unit of the gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix repair unit of the gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the intelligent gate-controlled controller of the gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system of the invention.
Wherein, 1 is a pretreatment interception unit, 1-1 is estuary incoming water, 1-2 is a water quality monitor, 1-3 is an anti-fouling curtain, 1-4 is a biological carrier bed, and 1-5 is a directional running water plug flow device; 2 is an enhanced biological treatment unit, 2-1 is a biological carrier bed, 2-2 is biological filler, 2-3 is a No. 1 in-situ active water flushing oxygen device, 2-4 is a No. 2 in-situ active water flushing oxygen device, 2-5 is a polyethylene rope, and 2-6 is a fixing facility; 3 is a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix repairing unit, 3-1 is a biological carrier bed, 3-2 is biological filler, 3-3 is a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix, 3-4 is a water quality monitor, 3-5 is a directional running water impeller, 3-6 is a No. 3 in-situ running water flushing oxygen device, and 3-7 is a No. 4 in-situ running water flushing oxygen device; 4 is a wetland plant purification unit, 4-1 is a biological carrier bed, 4-2 is biological filler, 4-3 is a No. 5 in-situ active water flushing oxygen device, 4-4 is a No. 6 in-situ active water flushing oxygen device, 4-5 is a directional active water plug flow device, 4-6 is a biological carrier bed, 4-7 is a water quality monitor, and 4-8 is purified water; 5 is a monitoring and early warning unit, 5-1 is a bridge, 5-2 is a check gate, 5-3 is a river mouth, 5-4 is an electrical control cabinet, 5-5 is a hydrological monitoring system, 5-6 is a water quality monitor, 5-7 is biological filler, and 5-8 is an ecological slope protection.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
A gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system and an operation method thereof comprise a monitoring early warning system, a hydrodynamic system and a water quality purification system; the monitoring and early warning system comprises a water quality detector, a hydrological monitor and an intelligent gate control controller, and is used for detecting hydrology and water quality, regulating and controlling aeration time and controlling the opening and closing of a gate; the hydrodynamic system comprises a directional running water impeller and an in-situ running water oxygen flushing device and is used for improving water flow to purify water quality; the water quality purification system comprises one or more of an anti-fouling curtain, a biological carrier bed, a biological filler and a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix and is used for removing pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water quality.
The biological carrier bed is planted with emergent aquatic plants of Siberian iris, Reli flower, Iris pseudacorus, canna, water lily, etc. with planting density of 20 plants/m2. The biological filler is a carbon nano material, the carbon precursor is a metal carbide, an organic silicon polymer and the like, the aperture is 2-50 nm, and the specific surface area is 390-1955 m2(ii) in terms of/g. The total iron content of the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix is not lower than 40mg/g, the total aluminum content is not lower than 100mg/g, the total calcium content is not lower than 5mg/g, and the total magnesium content is not lower than 5 mg/g. The modified iron-aluminum mud matrix is prepared in advance and filled with mesh bags with the length of 40cm and the width of 6cm, and is hung around the biological carrier bed at the interval of 40cm, and the matrix replacement period is 30 d.
The directional running water impeller adopts a QJB3/4-1100/2-52/B model submersible directional running water impeller, the number of blades is 2, and the diameter d of an impeller0800mm, hub diameter dh440mm, rated speed n0＝45r/min。
The water quality monitor has independent functions of water quality detection, judgment and signal transmission, the measurement range is (0.0-100.0) mg/L, the precision is 0.1mg/L, and the judgment time is 0.5 ms. The main monitoring indexes are COD and NH3N, TN, TP, DO, water temperature, etc. The hydrological monitoring system is based on a 4G mobile communication network, the bandwidth is 50M, the time delay is 30ms, the power supply mode is solar energy and alternating current, and hydrological data such as rainfall, water level, wind speed, wind direction, flow speed and flow are mainly monitored. The check gate is a horizontal gate with 2 holes and 8m, the gate bottom plate has a length of 10m along the water flow direction, the vertical water flow direction is 15m, the thickness is 1.5m, the top elevation of the bottom plate is 0.0m, the top elevation of the gate pier is 7.0m, the water blocking elevation of the gate top is 4.0m, the upstream side and the downstream side are all cantilever wing walls, and the top of the bottom plate is a cantilever wing wallThe elevation is 0.0m, and the top elevation is 5.0 m. The designed height of the top of the gate is 4.5m, and the flood control requirement in 5 years of design is met.
Example 1
A non-constant water level estuary water ecological construction system and an operation method thereof are shown in figures 1 and 2, a hydrodynamic system pushes water flow to sequentially pass through a pretreatment interception unit (1), a reinforced biological treatment unit (2), a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix restoration unit (3) and a wetland plant purification unit (4), and a monitoring early warning system detects water quality and regulates and controls aeration time and opening and closing of a check gate.
The pretreatment intercepting unit (1) comprises a water quality monitor (1-2), an anti-fouling curtain (1-3), a biological carrier bed (1-4) and a directional running water plug flow device (1-5). The estuary incoming water (1-1) flows in from the estuary area, and the water quality monitor (1-2) monitors the estuary incoming water (1-1) in real time. The anti-fouling curtains (1-3) on the two sides of the bridge intercept large suspended matters and obstacles in the river mouth incoming water (1-1) (as shown in figure 3). The biological carrier bed (1-4) purifies the river mouth incoming water (1-1). Then starting the directional running water impeller (1-5) to carry out hydrodynamic optimization on the estuary incoming water (1-1), impelling the incoming water to enter an enhanced biological treatment unit, and starting the directional running water impeller (1-5) for a time T1From DO in a body of water1Velocity V of flow with water section1The calculation method is determined as formula 1:
Figure BDA0003161985980000061
V1: taking the water flow rate to be 0-3 cm/s;
b: taking 1-5 cm/s as a water body flow velocity threshold;
n: taking 25.22-55.39 mol of oxygen in the water body;
MO: taking the molar mass of oxygen as 8 mg/mol;
g: the aeration intensity of the directional running water impeller (1-5) is 40-75 m3/h；
DO0: surface water environmental quality standard (GB3838-2002) III class water dissolved oxygen concentration is taken as 5 mg/L;
DO1: real-time dissolution of water quality monitor (1-2)The oxygen concentration is 1-3 mg/L.
In this embodiment, note that: v1＝0.5cm/s，b＝3cm/s，n＝30mol，MO＝8mg/mol，G＝40m3/h，DO0＝5mg/L，DO13mg/L, and the opening time T of the directional running water impeller (1-5) is calculated1Is 3 h.
The enhanced biological treatment unit (2) is positioned on the right side of the estuary and comprises a biological carrier bed (2-1), biological fillers (2-2), a # 1 in-situ active water oxygen flusher (2-3), a # 2 in-situ active water oxygen flusher (2-4), a polyethylene rope (2-5) and a fixing facility (2-6) (as shown in figure 4). The biological carrier beds (2-1) are arranged on two sides of a river mouth close to a river bank and distributed along the water flow direction, the biological fillers (2-2) are arranged on two sides of the middle of the river mouth and distributed in parallel along the water flow direction, a plurality of biological fillers (2-2) are connected end to end through polyethylene ropes (2-5), and anchor piles are inserted into the bottom mud by 80-150 cm from a fixing facility (2-6) to achieve a fixing effect. The No. 1 in-situ active water flushing device (2-3) and the No. 2 in-situ active water flushing device (2-4) are distributed among the biological fillers (2-2) which are distributed in parallel, and the aeration time T2Influencing parameter T according to season parameter and water temperatureWConcentration of N element
Figure BDA0003161985980000071
The parameters change according to changes, and the calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003161985980000072
Figure BDA0003161985980000073
the water quality monitor (1-2) takes 1.5-3.5 mg/L of total nitrogen concentration monitoring value in the water body;
Figure BDA0003161985980000074
taking 1.0mg/L of total nitrogen concentration of III-class water of surface water environmental quality standard (GB 3838-2002);
αS: seasonal variation parameters are 0.1-0.5, and no amount is neededA head line;
TW: the water temperature influence parameters are 0.3-0.6, and no dimension is adopted;
Figure BDA0003161985980000075
taking the in-situ active water oxygen flushing device for 6-8 hours according to the standard aeration time;
in the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,
Figure BDA0003161985980000076
αS＝0.3，TW＝0.4，
Figure BDA0003161985980000077
calculated, the aeration time T2It is 6.24 h.
The modified iron-aluminum-mud matrix repairing units (3) are distributed on the left side and the right side of a river mouth close to the check gate (5-2) and comprise biological carrier beds (3-1), biological fillers (3-2), modified iron-aluminum-mud matrices (3-3), a water quality monitor (3-4), directional running water plug-flow devices (3-5), 3# in-situ running water oxygen flushing devices (3-6) and 4# in-situ running water oxygen flushing devices (3-7) (as shown in figure 5). The biological carrier bed (3-1) is arranged at two sides of a river mouth close to a river bank and distributed along the water flow direction, the biological filler (3-2) is arranged at two sides of the middle of the river mouth and distributed in parallel along the water flow direction, and the 3# in-situ active water oxygen flusher (3-6) and the 4# in-situ active water oxygen flusher (3-7) are distributed between the biological fillers (3-2) distributed in parallel. The modified iron-aluminum sludge matrix (3-3) is suspended around the biological carrier bed (3-1) and is used for adsorbing phosphorus in the water body and the surface layer of the bottom sludge and preventing the release of the phosphorus in the bottom sludge. The directional running water impeller (3-5) is positioned on the right side of the estuary close to the check gate (5-2), and pushes the right water flow to the left side of the estuary to continue to advance along the check gate (5-2) under the condition that the check gate (5-2) cuts off the right water flow. The total iron content of the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix is not lower than 42mg/g, the total aluminum content is not lower than 110mg/g, the total calcium content is not lower than 6mg/g, and the total magnesium content is not lower than 8 mg/g. Opening time T of directional running water impeller (3-5)3According to the water cross-section flow velocity V2Determination by a calculation method such as
Formula 3:
Figure BDA0003161985980000081
V0: the lowest flow velocity of the flowing water in the riverway is 1.5-20 cm/s;
V2: taking the cross-sectional flow velocity of the river mouth (5-3) in the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix repairing unit (3) to be 0.5-1 cm/s;
a: the hydrodynamic lift coefficient of the directional running water impeller (3-5) is 0.7-1.0 x 10-3，cm/s2；
In this embodiment, V0＝5cm/s，V2＝1cm/s，a＝1.0*10-3cm/s2After calculation, the opening time T of the running water impeller (3-5) is oriented3Is 1.1 h.
The water quality monitor (3-4) is positioned in the middle of the river mouth close to the check gate (5-2) to reflect the processing conditions of the pretreatment interception unit (1), the enhanced biological treatment unit (2) and the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix restoration unit (3), and controls the on-off of the 3# in-situ active water flushing oxygen device (3-6) and the 4# in-situ active water flushing oxygen device (3-7) for an on-off time T4The calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003161985980000082
Figure BDA0003161985980000083
the water quality monitor (3-4) takes 1.5-3.5 mg/L of total nitrogen concentration monitoring value in the water body;
Figure BDA0003161985980000084
taking 1.0mg/L of total nitrogen concentration of III-class water of surface water environmental quality standard (GB 3838-2002);
αS: taking 0.1-0.5 of seasonal variation parameters without dimension;
TW: the water temperature influence parameters are 0.3-0.6, and no dimension is adopted;
Figure BDA0003161985980000085
taking the in-situ active water oxygen flushing device for 6-8 hours according to the standard aeration time;
in the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,
Figure BDA0003161985980000086
αS＝0.3，TW＝0.4，
Figure BDA0003161985980000087
calculated, the opening and closing time T of the 3# in-situ active water flushing oxygen device (3-6) and the 4# in-situ active water flushing oxygen device (3-7)4It is 4.2 h.
The wetland plant purification unit (4) is positioned on the left side of the estuary close to the estuary area and comprises a biological carrier bed (4-1), biological fillers (4-2), a No. 5 in-situ active water oxygen flushing device (4-3), a No. 6 in-situ active water oxygen flushing device (4-4), a directional active water plug (4-5), a biological carrier bed (4-6) and a water quality monitor (4-7) (as shown in figure 4). The biological carrier bed (4-1) is arranged at two sides of a river mouth close to a river bank and distributed along the water flow direction, the biological filler (4-2) is arranged at two sides of the middle of the river mouth and distributed in parallel along the water flow direction, and the No. 5 in-situ active water oxygen flusher (4-3) and the No. 6 in-situ active water oxygen flusher (4-4) are distributed between the biological fillers (4-2) distributed in parallel. The directional running water impeller (4-5) pushes the biologically purified river water to pass through the biological carrier bed (4-6) and the tail water is purified to finally form purified outlet water (4-8). The water quality monitor (4-7) is arranged at the outlet below the bridge, monitors purified water (4-8) and controls the opening and closing of the No. 5 in-situ active water oxygen flusher (4-3) and the No. 6 in-situ active water oxygen flusher (4-4) for opening and closing time T5The calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003161985980000091
Figure BDA0003161985980000092
the water quality monitor (4-7) takes 1.5-3.5 mg/L of total nitrogen concentration monitoring value in the water body;
Figure BDA0003161985980000093
taking 1.0mg/L of total nitrogen concentration of III-class water of surface water environmental quality standard (GB 3838-2002);
αS: taking 0.1-0.5 of seasonal variation parameters without dimension;
TW: the water temperature influence parameters are 0.3-0.6, and no dimension is adopted;
Figure BDA0003161985980000094
taking the in-situ active water oxygen flushing device for 6-8 hours according to the standard aeration time;
in the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,
Figure BDA0003161985980000095
αS＝0.3，TW＝0.4，
Figure BDA0003161985980000096
calculated, the opening and closing time T of the No. 5 in-situ active water flushing oxygen device (4-3) and the No. 6 in-situ active water flushing oxygen device (4-4)5Is 0.4 h.
The monitoring and early warning unit (5) comprises a check gate (5-2), an electrical control cabinet (5-4), a hydrological monitoring system (5-5) and a water quality monitor (5-6) (as shown in figure 6). The hydrologic monitoring system (5-5) is used for controlling the water level H in front of and behind the river mouth (5-3)1、H2And monitoring rainfall weather forecast, determining the on-off and the on-off time of the check gate (5-2), and the on-off time T6The calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003161985980000097
t': taking 18-22 hours as a forecast period available for rainfall forecast;
H2: the water level behind the gate (5-2) is controlled, and 4-6 m is taken;
H1: the water level in front of the gate (5-2) is controlled, and is taken to be 3-5.5 m;
b: the width of the upper bottom of the constant water level of the river mouth (5-3) is 10-25 m;
b: the width of the bottom of the estuary (5-3) at the normal water level is 5-18 m;
l: taking the upstream length of the estuary (5-3) to be 50-100 m;
q: the maximum flood discharge flow of the control gate (5-2) is 200-300 m3/h。
In this embodiment, H1And H2All are 4.5m without opening the gate.
After being treated by a pretreatment interception unit (1), a reinforced biological treatment unit (2), a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix restoration unit (3) and a wetland plant purification unit (4), COD in the water bodycr、NH3-N, TP, as shown in Table 1:
table 1 example 1 contaminant removal effect
Figure BDA0003161985980000101
The result shows that purified water (4-8) reaches the grade III water of the surface water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) after being treated by the non-constant water level estuary water ecological construction system.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: the monitoring value of the water quality monitor (1-2) on the total nitrogen concentration in the estuary incoming water is 3.5mg/L, and the aeration time T of the No. 1 in-situ active water flushing oxygen device (2-3) and the No. 2 in-situ active water flushing oxygen device (2-4) is calculated2Is 10.4 hours; the opening and closing time T of 3# in-situ active water flushing oxygen device (3-6) and 4# in-situ active water flushing oxygen device (3-7)4The opening and closing time T of No. 5 in-situ active water oxygen flusher (4-3) and No. 6 in-situ active water oxygen flusher (4-4) is 8.6h5It is 4.5 h.
After being treated by a pretreatment interception unit (1), a reinforced biological treatment unit (2), a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix restoration unit (3) and a wetland plant purification unit (4), COD in the water bodycr、NH3-N, TP, as shown in Table 2:
table 2 example 2 contaminant removal effect
Figure BDA0003161985980000102
Figure BDA0003161985980000111
The result shows that purified water (4-8) reaches the grade III water of the surface water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) after being treated by the non-constant water level estuary water ecological construction system.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: the hydrologic monitoring system (5-5) is used for controlling the water level H in front of and behind the river mouth (5-3)1、H2And monitoring of rainfall weather forecasts, H1Is 3m, H2At 4.5m, the flood needs to be driven by opening the gate.
In this example, t' is 18H, H2＝4.5m，H1＝3m，B＝20m，b＝13m，L＝100m，Q＝200m3H, regulating the opening and closing time T of the brake (5-2) by calculation630.375 h.
After being treated by a pretreatment interception unit (1), a reinforced biological treatment unit (2), a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix restoration unit (3) and a wetland plant purification unit (4), COD in the water bodycr、NH3-N, TP, as shown in Table 3:
table 3 example 3 contaminant removal effect
Figure BDA0003161985980000112
The result shows that purified water (4-8) reaches the grade III water of the surface water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) after being treated by the non-constant water level estuary water ecological construction system.

Claims (9)

1. A gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system is characterized by comprising a monitoring early warning system, a hydrodynamic system and a water quality purification system; the monitoring and early warning system comprises a water quality detector, a hydrological monitor and an intelligent gate control controller, and is used for detecting hydrology and water quality, regulating and controlling aeration time and controlling the opening and closing of a gate; the hydrodynamic system comprises a directional running water impeller and an in-situ running water oxygen flushing device and is used for improving water flow to purify water quality; the water quality purification system comprises one or more of an anti-fouling curtain, a biological carrier bed, a biological filler and a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix and is used for removing pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water quality.
2. The gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system of claim 1, wherein emergent aquatic plants are planted in the biological carrier bed, are arranged at the estuary area and at two sides of the estuary close to the river bank, and are distributed along the water flow direction; the biological filler is a carbon nano material, the aperture is 2-50 nm, and the specific surface area is 390-1955 m2The biological fillers are connected end to end, are fixedly arranged at two sides close to the middle of the river mouth by fixing facilities and are distributed along the water flow direction; the total iron content of the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix is not lower than 40mg/g, the total aluminum content is not lower than 100mg/g, the total calcium content is not lower than 5mg/g, and the total magnesium content is not lower than 5 mg/g.
3. The gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system of claim 2, wherein the non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system is divided into a pretreatment interception unit, an enhanced biological treatment unit, a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix restoration unit and a wetland plant purification unit according to areas; the pretreatment intercepting unit is positioned in the estuary area and comprises a water quality monitor, an antifouling curtain, a biological carrier bed and a directional running water plug; the enhanced biological treatment unit is positioned on the right side of the estuary and comprises a biological carrier bed, biological fillers and an in-situ active water oxygen flushing device; the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix repairing units are positioned at the left side and the right side of a river mouth close to the check gate and comprise a biological carrier bed, biological fillers, a modified iron-aluminum mud matrix, a water quality monitor, a directional running water impeller and an in-situ running water flushing device; the wetland plant purification unit is positioned on the left side of the estuary and comprises a biological carrier bed, biological fillers, an in-situ running water oxygen flushing device, a directional running water plug flow device, a biological carrier bed and a water quality monitor.
4. The operation method of the gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system of claim 3, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: river mouth incoming water flows into the pretreatment intercepting unit from a river mouth area, the water quality monitor monitors water quality and controls the directional running water plug flow device to perform hydrodynamic optimization, the antifouling curtain intercepts suspended matters, the biological carrier bed purifies the water quality, and the directional running water plug flow device pushes water flow to enter the enhanced biological treatment unit;
step 2: purifying the water flow in the enhanced biological treatment unit by a biological carrier bed and biological fillers, and controlling the reoxygenation of the in-situ running water oxygen flushing device by the water quality monitor in the step 1;
and step 3: the water flows into the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix repairing unit, is purified by the biological carrier bed and the biological filler, absorbs and removes phosphorus from the water body and the bottom mud by the modified iron-aluminum mud matrix, and pushes the water flow to advance from the right side to the left side of the estuary by the directional running water impeller, and the water quality monitor monitors the water quality and controls the reoxygenation of the in-situ running water oxygen flushing device;
and 4, step 4: the water flow flows into the wetland plant purification unit, is purified by the biological carrier bed and the biological filler, and the water quality monitor controls the reoxygenation of the in-situ running water flushing device, and the directional running water plug flow device pushes the purified water to move along the left side of the river mouth in the river mouth area;
and 5: the hydrological monitoring system monitors the water level before and after the damper gate and the rainfall weather forecast, and determines the opening and closing time of the damper gate.
5. The operation method of the gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system according to claim 4, wherein the opening time T of the directional running water impeller in the step 11The calculation method of (1):
Figure FDA0003161985970000021
V1is the water flow rate, b is the water flow rate threshold, n is the mole number of oxygen in the water, MOThe molar mass of oxygen, G the aeration intensity of the directional running water impeller and DO0The concentration of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in III-class water is the environmental quality standard of surface water1The real-time dissolved oxygen concentration of the water quality monitor.
6. The gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system of claim 4, wherein aeration time T of in-situ active water oxygen flusher in step 22The calculation method of (2):
Figure FDA0003161985970000022
Figure FDA0003161985970000023
the water quality monitor monitors the total nitrogen concentration in the water body,
Figure FDA0003161985970000024
is the surface water environment quality standard III class water total nitrogen concentration, alphaSFor seasonal variation parameters, TWAs the water temperature-affecting parameter, the temperature of the water,
Figure FDA0003161985970000025
the aeration time is the standard aeration time of the in-situ active water oxygen flushing device.
7. The operation method of the gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system according to claim 4, wherein the opening time T of the directional running water impeller in the step 33The calculation method of (3); aeration time T of in-situ active water oxygen flushing device4The calculation method of (3) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003161985970000026
V0is the lowest flow velocity of the running water in the river course, V2For modifying iron-aluminum mud matrixThe flow velocity of the section of the complex unit, a, is the hydrodynamic lifting coefficient of the directional running water impeller;
Figure FDA0003161985970000031
Figure FDA0003161985970000032
the water quality monitor monitors the total nitrogen concentration in the water body,
Figure FDA0003161985970000033
is the surface water environment quality standard III class water total nitrogen concentration, alphaSFor seasonal variation parameters, TWAs the water temperature-affecting parameter, the temperature of the water,
Figure FDA0003161985970000034
the aeration time is the standard aeration time of the in-situ active water oxygen flushing device.
8. The operation method of the gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system according to claim 4, wherein the aeration time T of the in-situ active water oxygen flusher in the step 4 is5The calculation method of (d) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003161985970000035
Figure FDA0003161985970000036
the water quality monitor monitors the total nitrogen concentration in the water body,
Figure FDA0003161985970000037
is the surface water environment quality standard III class water total nitrogen concentration, alphaSFor seasonal variation parameters, TWAs the water temperature-affecting parameter, the temperature of the water,
Figure FDA0003161985970000038
the aeration time is the standard aeration time of the in-situ active water oxygen flushing device.
9. The operation method of gate-controlled non-constant water level estuary water quality purification system according to claim 4, wherein in the step 5, the opening and closing time T of the gate is controlled6The calculation method is as follows:
Figure FDA0003161985970000039
t' is the forecast period available for rainfall forecast, H2To control the water level behind the gate, H1In order to control the water level in front of the gate, B is the width of the upper bottom of the normal water level of the river mouth, B is the width of the lower bottom of the normal water level of the river mouth, L is the upstream length of the river mouth, and Q is the maximum flood discharge flow of the control gate.
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