CN113685289A - 存储及供应系统、向燃气机提供燃气的方法及船舶 - Google Patents

存储及供应系统、向燃气机提供燃气的方法及船舶 Download PDF

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CN113685289A
CN113685289A CN202110546016.2A CN202110546016A CN113685289A CN 113685289 A CN113685289 A CN 113685289A CN 202110546016 A CN202110546016 A CN 202110546016A CN 113685289 A CN113685289 A CN 113685289A
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liquefied gas
gas
input
pressure pump
pressure
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CN202110546016.2A
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CN113685289B (zh
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A·哈姆布克
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TGE Marine Gas Engineering GmbH
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TGE Marine Gas Engineering GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B17/0027—Tanks for fuel or the like ; Accessories therefor, e.g. tank filler caps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0209—Hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. methane or acetylene
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0245—High pressure fuel supply systems; Rails; Pumps; Arrangement of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/04—Gas-air mixing apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种通过用于液化气的存储及供应系统向燃气机提供具有预先规定的最终压力作为输入压力的燃气的方法：从液化气容器中输送液化气流作为输入流输送到最终压力泵；将输入流加压到最终压力泵的输入压力；将输入流加压到燃气机的输入压力；在输送液化气流的初始输送装置和最终压力泵之间设置增进输送装置，增进输送装置的输入压力低于最终压力泵的输入压力，输出压力等于最终压力泵的输入压力；将液化气流加压到增进输送装置的输入压力；将来自系统BOG和/或回收的系统液化气的流引入到增进输送装置的输入流中；将输送输入流加压到最终压力泵的输入压力。本发明还涉及一种用于执行所述方法的、用于液化气的存储及供应系统和一种船舶。

Description

存储及供应系统、向燃气机提供燃气的方法及船舶
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据方案1的前序部分所述的方法，该方法通过用于液化气的存储及供应系统向燃气机提供具有预先规定的最终压力作为输入压力的燃气。本发明还涉及一种根据方案8的前序部分所述的用于液化气的存储及供应系统，以及一种具有这种用于液化气的存储及供应系统的船舶。
背景技术
在向例如船舶上的用于主发动机或驱动发动机的燃气机提供燃气时，对所谓的蒸发气体(BOG，Boil-Off-Gas)的处理是核心问题。在用于液化气(例如液化天然气(LNG)或乙烷)的存储及供应系统中，例如由于回流和泵向液化存储容器中的热输入和向供应系统中的热输入，而出现蒸发气体。
已知多种用于处理BOG的方法：
在再液化系统或制冷单元中，在单独的冷却装置中，例如在液化装置或液体冷却器中对BOG进行冷却。由于成本和空间的原因，在处理BOG时通常不考虑这些设备。
在大多数情况下，所出现的BOG通过在低压系统(约5-9barg的输送压力)中或中压系统(约12-16barg的输送压力)中的气体消耗来处理，此外，还可以在有限的时间内将压力升高的BOG储存在液化气容器中，直至容器压力再次降低。后者仅由所谓的C型容器(Typ-C-Tanks)提供。其他容器设计方案不能或仅能以有限的程度提供这种可能性。
如果在不同的船舶运行方案中通过发电机(低压消耗器)存在足够的BOG降低，则可以利用所谓的BOG压缩系统可靠地处理所出现的BOG量，其方式是，将BOG压缩到所要求的压力并使其冷却，然后使其在发电机中发电。
在一些类型的船舶中，所出现的BOG量超过发电所需的BOG量。这种情况例如出现在大型集装箱船中，这种集装箱船配备有具有约5000m3至20000m3的总存储容积的大存储容器。此外，新一代的船舶效率很高，并且除了轴式发电机外还使用了其他系统，例如废热回收系统，这进一步降低了发电机的发电量或者发电机的BOG消耗，并且使得BOG处理更加困难。在这些应用中，适宜的是，在船舶的主发动机中消耗BOG。在所有情况下，主发动机的气体消耗都明显高于所产生的BOG。大多数船舶都配备有2冲程主发动机。这些主发动机可以被设计成具有中压气体进气压力(约12-16barg)至高压气体进气压力(250-400barg)。现有的集装箱船必须装备高压输入系统，以便实现向气体运行的转换。
在具有中等输入压力要求的船舶中，使用相应的BOG压缩机，该BOG压缩机根据主发动机的要求将BOG压缩并冷却至所需要的压力。
对于有高压输入压力要求的船舶中，安装高压压缩机，该高压压缩机直接从液化气容器中吸入BOG，或者从低压水平(5-9barg)将其压缩到需要的压力。
这两种设施都很昂贵，维护成本高，需要大量的支撑结构并且需要大量的空间。
如前文所述，由于主发动机的气体需求远远超过了所出现的BOG量，因此除了BOG压缩机之外，还设有气体供应系统，该系统根据主发动机的要求从存储容器中提取液化气并对其进行调节。
在高压供应系统中，这涉及多缸单级活塞泵。在这种活塞泵的运行过程中，会出现连续的冷却流和泄漏流，该冷却流和泄漏流一方面产生大量的额外BOG，从而再次使得平衡(Bilanz)恶化，另一方面要被回输到存储容器中。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，更为经济地以预先规定的最终压力作为输入压力向燃气机提供燃气。
根据本发明，上述目的分别通过方案1和方案8的特征部分在前面所提及的类型的方法和存储及供应系统中实现。
本发明还包括一种船舶，所述船舶根据本发明为燃气机提供燃气。
通过根据本发明的措施，在设备、安装和维护方面，可以以明显降低的支出来为具有较高的(例如为10barg或更高的)输入压力的燃气机提供燃气。通过在从所述至少一个液化气容器中输送液化气的初始输送装置和最终压力泵之间设置增进输送装置，并且由于将这里出现的BOG和/或系统液化气输入到用于所述增进输送装置的输入流中，可以在没有额外的压缩机的情况下将所述BOG和/或系统液化气供应给燃气机。这大大节省了成本，还大大减少了安装工作和空间需求。此外，相对于具有压缩机的实施方式，维护成本和能量需求也明显降低。例如，在船舶中，如果可以减少气体消耗器的数量，则整个船舶设计的复杂度就会降低。
优选地，来自所述至少一个液化气容器的BOG作为系统BOG被引入用于所述增进输送装置的输入流中。由此，这些BOG可以非常经济地被输送到燃气机。
由于成本低，本发明特别适合于存储及供应系统，在所述存储及供应系统中，由于液化气容器是真空绝热的，因此液化气容器中的热输入而产生的BOG量很小，大部分BOG是由系统的其他部分中的热输入而产生的。
如果用来自液化气的冷却流来冷却所述输送装置和/或最终压力泵，则在本发明的一个有利的实施方式中，将回收的冷却流作为回收的系统液化气引入到用于所述增进输送装置的输入流中。通过这个措施，进一步提高了根据本发明的方法或根据本发明的存储及供应系统的经济性，因为，所述回收的冷却流可以以非常简单的方式供应给燃气机。
这也适用于本发明的一个同样优选的实施方式，根据该实施方式，所述输送装置和/或最终压力泵泄漏的液化气作为回收的系统液化气被引入到用于所述增进输送装置的输入流中。
所述增进输送装置可以设计成单级的，使得所述增进输送装置在单个级中将输入流加压到最终压力泵的输入压力。
但也可以想到的是，在所述增进输送装置内以至少两级将输入流加压到最终压力泵的输入压力，并且将所述系统BOG和/或系统液化气引入到用于其中一级的输入流中。这允许简单的适应给定的边界条件。
优选地，输送装置设置为输送泵。输送泵可以构造的较为简单，并因此可以保持较低的制造和组装成本。
在本发明的有利的实施方式中，在将系统BOG和/或系统液化气引入到用于所述增进输送装置的输入流中时，将系统BOG、系统液化气和所述输入流相互混合。由此确保了进入所述增进输送装置的输入流在其横截面上是非常均匀的。
优选地，根据本发明的用于液化气的存储及供应系统具有气液分离器，所述气液分离器的入口与所述混合器的出口流体连通，并且所述气液分离器的液体出口与所述增进输送装置的抽吸侧流体连通，并且所述气液分离器的气体出口与气体储存器和/或气体消耗器流体连通。通过这个措施提高了所述增进输送装置的效率，因为在输入流中不再包含任何气态成分。
在根据本发明的船舶中，所述燃气机优选为所述船舶的主发动机或驱动发动机，所述主发动机机或驱动发动机具有例如在12至16barg最高至250至400barg的范围内的输入压力。
附图说明
下面参考附图通过实施例更为详细地说明本发明。其中：
图1示出根据本发明的用于液化气的存储及供应系统的一个实施例的流路图；
图2示出图1中的处理单元的细节图。
具体实施方式
图中所示的根据本发明的用于液化气的储存及供应系统1的实施例具有液化气容器2、初始输送装置3、处理单元4、最终压力泵5、燃气加热器7以及用于系统BOG和系统液化气的供应管道8，上述处理单元4用于将输入流输送到最终压力泵5，上述处理单元4具有增进输送装置6。
在所示实施例中，初始输送装置3设置在液化气容器2中并且被设计为输送泵，在所示出的情况下，初始输送装置3被设计为浸入液化气9中的潜水泵。初始输送装置3以其抽吸侧10吸入液化气9。初始输送装置3的压力侧11通过管道12与处理单元4的第一入口13连接。输送泵3设置为用于将从液化气容器2中输送的液化气9加压到增进输送装置6的输入压力，该输入压力低于最终压力。
在图2中详细示出处理单元4。该处理单元4具有静态混合器14、气液分离器15以及带有增进输送装置6的泵存储容器6a
Figure BDA0003073667820000051
该增进输送装置在所示实施例中同样是输送泵。
混合器14具有第一入口16、第二入口17以及出口18。
气液分离器15具有第一入口19、第二入口20、液体出口21(即，液化气出口)以及气体出口22。
泵存储容器6a具有液化气入口23和液化气出口25。
来自初始输送装置或者说输送泵3的压力侧11的管道12与混合器14的第一入口16连接，该第一入口16与处理单元4的第一入口13相对应。混合器14的第二入口17与用于系统BOG和/或系统液化气的供应管道8连接。混合器14的出口18通过管道26与气液分离器15的第一入口19连接。
气液分离器15的液化气出口21通过管道28与泵存储容器6a的液化气入口23连接。泵存储容器6a的液化气出口25通过管道27与气液体分离器15的第二入口20连接。泵存储容器6a填充有液化气，管道27是补偿管道(Ausgleichsleitung)。
气液分离器15的气体出口22通过管道29与气体存储器和/或气体消耗器30连接。
增进输送装置或输送泵6设置在泵存储容器6a中。该输送泵被设计为潜水泵并浸没在泵存储容器6a中的液化气中。增进或第二输送泵6以其抽吸侧24a从泵存储容器6a中吸入液化气。增进或第二输送泵6的压力侧24通过管道31连接到最终压力泵5的抽吸侧32上。第二输送泵6设置为用于将输入的液化气加压到最终压力泵5的输入压力。
在最终压力泵5的上游，从管道31中分支出通向蒸发器34的管道33，该蒸发器34向气体消耗器提供气体，该气体消耗器的工作压力小于最终压力，也就是说，小于最终压力泵5的输出压力。
在图1中，最终压力泵5的压力侧35通过管道36与燃气加热器7的入口37连接，该燃气加热器7的压力侧38与燃气机39的燃气入口处于流体连通，对于船舶的而言，与主发动机或驱动发动机处于流体连通。
此外，在图1中示意性示出，用于从液化气容器2中排出BOG 9a的管道40连接在该液化气容器2上，该管道40具有BOG压缩机41和更下游的气体冷却器42，并且通入管道29中，该管道29从处理单元4的气体出口22通向气体存储器和/或气体消耗器30。
此外，在图1中示出两个回流管道8，这两个回流管道8从最终压力泵5通向处理单元4。在这些回流管道8中，冷却流和/或液化气泄漏流可以返回到处理单元4，也就是说，被回输到用于第二输送泵6的输入流中。
在图2中，还示出了管道43、44、45、46。
管道44从由气液分离器15的液体出口21延伸到泵存储容器6a的液化气入口23的管道28中分支出来。
管道45从由第二输送泵6的压力侧24延伸到最终压力泵5和蒸发器34的管道31、33中分支出来，并且在泵存储容器6a和第二输送泵6旁延伸经过。
两个管道44、45合并成管道43，该管道43从气液分离器15和混合器14旁经过并通入从第一输送泵3延伸到混合器14的管道12。
管道46同样从由第二输送泵6的压力侧24延伸到最终压力泵5和蒸发器34的管道31、33中分支出来。该管道46在泵存储容器6a和第二输送泵6旁延伸经过并通入从混合器14的出口18延伸到气液分离器15的第一入口19的管道26。
下面，将参照在两个附图中示出的用于液化气的存储及供应系统1来说明根据本发明的方法，混合器14和气液分离器15仅属于一个优选的实施方式：
利用第一输送泵3从液化气容器2中输送液化气9，将其加压到第二输送泵6的输入压力并将其供应至混合器14的第一入口16。
将系统中出现的BOG流、泄漏流和/或冷却流作为回流通过供应管道8输送到混合器14的第二入口17。来自液化气容器2的BOG也可以直接供应到气体消耗器。
在混合器14中，将来自供应管道8的回流与来自液化气容器2的液化气9相互混合，然后将其供应给气液分离器15。
将在气液分离器15中分离的液化气供应到增进输送泵6，该增进输送泵6将输入的液化气加压到最终压力泵5的输入压力。
这个液化气流现在作为输入流供应给最终压力泵5，该最终压力泵5将输入的液化气加压到燃气机39的输入压力。

Claims (18)

1.一种通过用于液化气的存储及供应系统向燃气机提供具有预先规定的最终压力作为输入压力的燃气的方法，所述方法具有以下步骤：
通过输送装置从至少一个液化气容器中输送液化气流；
将所述液化气流作为输入流输送到最终压力泵；
将输入流加压到所述最终压力泵的输入压力；
通过所述最终压力泵将输入流加压到燃气机的输入压力；
其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
在初始输送装置(3)和所述最终压力泵(5)之间设置增进输送装置(6)，所述初始输送装置(3)从所述至少一个液化气容器(2)中输送液化气流(9)，所述增进输送装置(6)的输入压力低于所述最终压力泵(5)的输入压力，所述增进输送装置(6)的输出压力等于所述最终压力泵(5)的输入压力；
通过所述初始输送装置(3)将从所述至少一个液化气容器(2)中输送的液化气流(9)加压到所述增进输送装置(6)的输入压力；
将来自系统BOG和/或回收的系统液化气的流(8)引入到用于所述增进输送装置(6)的输入流中；以及
通过所述增进输送装置(6)将输入流加压到所述最终压力泵(5)的输入压力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，将来自所述至少一个液化气容器(2)的BOG(9a)作为所述系统BOG引入到用于所述增进输送装置(6)的输入流中。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，用液化气的冷却流冷却各输送装置(3、6)和/或所述最终压力泵(5)，并将回收的冷却流作为所述回收的系统液化气引入到用于所述增进输送装置(6)的输入流中。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，将各输送装置(3、6)和/或所述最终压力泵(5)泄漏的液化气作为所述回收的系统液化气引入到用于所述增进输送装置(6)的输入流中。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述增进输送装置(6)内以至少两级将输入流加压到所述最终压力泵(5)的输入压力，并且将所述系统BOG和/或所述系统液化气引入到其中一级的输入流中。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述输送装置(3、6)设置为输送泵。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在将所述系统BOG和/或所述系统液化气引入到用于所述增进输送装置(6)的输入流中时，将所述系统BOG、所述系统液化气和所述输入流相互混合。
8.一种用于液化气的存储及供应系统，用于实施根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，所述存储及供应系统具有：
至少一个液化气容器；
输送装置，所述输送装置的抽吸侧与所述至少一个液化气容器流体连通，以便从所述液化气容器中输送液化气流；
最终压力泵，所述最终压力泵的抽吸侧与所述输送装置的压力侧流体连通，并且所述最终压力泵的压力侧与燃气机的燃气入口流体连通，所述最终压力泵设置为用于将液化气流加压到所述燃气机的输入压力；
其特征在于，具有：
增进输送装置(6)，所述增进输送装置(6)的抽吸侧与从所述至少一个液化气容器(2)中输送液化气流(9)的初始输送装置(3)的压力侧(11)流体连通，并且所述增进输送装置(6)的压力侧与所述最终压力泵(5)的抽吸侧流体连通，所述增进输送装置(6)的输入压力低于所述最终压力泵(5)的输入压力，所述增进输送装置(6)的输出压力等于所述最终压力泵(5)的输入压力，并且所述初始输送装置(3)设置为用于将从所述至少一个液化气容器(2)中输送的输入流(9)加压到所述增进输送装置(6)的输入压力；
供应管道(8)，用于系统BOG和/或系统液化气，所述供应管道(8)通入用于所述增进输送装置(6)的输入流中；以及
其中，所述增进输送装置(6)设置为用于将输入流加压到所述最终压力泵(5)的输入压力。
9.根据权利要求8所述的系统，其特征在于，设置有用于从所述至少一个液化气容器(2)中导出BOG(9a)的管道(40)，所述管道(40)与用于所述系统BOG和/或所述系统液化气的所述供应管道(8)流体连通。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的系统，其特征在于，各输送装置(3、6)和/或所述最终压力泵(5)具有用于来自液化气的冷却流的冷却管道，并且用于所述冷却流的至少一个回收管道与用于所述系统BOG和/或所述系统液化气的所述供应管道(8)流体连通。
11.根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，各输送装置(3、6)和/或所述最终压力泵(5)具有用于泄漏的液化气的至少一个回收管道，所述回收管道与用于所述系统BOG和/或所述系统液化气的所述供应管道(8)流体连通。
12.根据权利要求8至11中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述增进输送装置(6)具有至少两级，以便将所述输入流加压到所述最终压力泵(5)的输入压力，并且用于所述系统BOG和/或所述系统液化气的所述供应管道(8)通入其中一级的输入流中。
13.根据权利要求8至12中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述输送装置(3、6)为输送泵。
14.根据权利要求8至13中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统具有混合器(14)，所述混合器(14)具有第一入口(16)、第二入口(17)和出口(18)，所述第一入口(16)与所述初始输送装置(3)的压力侧(11)流体连通，用于所述系统BOG和/或所述系统液化气的所述供应管道(8)与所述第二入口(17)连接，所述出口(18)与所述增进输送装置(6)的抽吸侧流体连通。
15.根据权利要求14所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统具有气液分离器(15)，所述气液分离器(15)的入口(19)与所述混合器(14)的出口(18)流体连通，并且所述气液分离器(15)的液体出口(21)与所述增进输送装置(6)的抽吸侧(24a)流体连通，所述气液分离器(15)的气体出口(22)与气体储存器和/或气体消耗器(30)流体连通。
16.一种具有燃气机的船舶，其特征在于，所述船舶利用权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法向所述燃气机提供燃气。
17.根据权利要求16所述的船舶，其特征在于，所述船舶具有根据权利要求8至15中任一项所述的系统。
18.根据权利要求16或17所述的船舶，其特征在于，所述燃气机是所述船舶的主发动机(39)。
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