CN113683462A - Microbial fertilizer for improving productivity of medium and low yield field and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Microbial fertilizer for improving productivity of medium and low yield field and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113683462A CN113683462A CN202111043670.8A CN202111043670A CN113683462A CN 113683462 A CN113683462 A CN 113683462A CN 202111043670 A CN202111043670 A CN 202111043670A CN 113683462 A CN113683462 A CN 113683462A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The invention provides a microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of a medium-low yield field and a preparation method thereof, the microbial fertilizer is prepared by mixing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles, a bacterial residue organic fertilizer and a microbial agent, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is prepared by activating high-calcium magnesium silicon phosphate ore after phosphorite dressing, the surface of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles is coated with a hydrogel layer which is obtained by polymerizing and crosslinking acrylamide monomer, [2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyl ] dimethyl- (3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide monomer and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer, the microbial agent comprises bacillus cereus and EM microbial agent, the invention utilizes the high water-holding performance of hydrogel, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is provided with the hydrogel layer, so that the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is covered with the acidic water film, the release of phosphorus is promoted, the productivity of medium and low yield fields is improved, and the long-acting soil remediation is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fertilizer preparation, in particular to a microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of a medium-low yield field and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The medium and low yield field refers to the cultivated land with relatively low and unstable yield per unit area caused by one or more obstacle factors restricting agricultural production, and comprises waterlogging submerged cultivation type, ore toxicity pollution type, nutrient deficiency and fertility type, barren and thickened type, texture improvement type, slope land transformation into ladder type and other types, and the medium and low yield field is an important reason for low and unstable grain yield. 78.5 percent of middle and low yield fields exist in cultivated lands in China, wherein the area of the middle yield field accounts for 37.3 percent, the area of the low yield field accounts for 41.2 percent, and the improvement of the middle and low yield fields aiming at barrier factors of different soils is an important way for improving the productivity of the lands.
The transformation of the middle and low yield field is not only to improve the yield of the current year, but also to focus on the fundamental soil improvement and improve the comprehensive production capacity of the cultivated land. The cultivation and fertilization, soil planting and reasonable fertilization are important methods for medium and low yield field transformation, a plough layer is gradually thickened through deep ploughing and deep ploughing, the physicochemical properties and the nutrient condition of the plough layer are improved, meanwhile, organic fertilizers are applied, fertilizer sources are widely opened, compost and retting fertilizers, straw fertilizers, livestock manures and soil miscellaneous fertilizers are shared, crop and fertilizer rotation and grain and bean rotation are carried out, beans soil-cultivated barren-resistant crops such as peanuts and the like can be planted in sandy soil and soil areas, and reasonable application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is paid attention to.
The calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is a multi-element phosphate fertilizer simultaneously containing medium and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, iron, manganese, zinc and the like, is a good soil conditioner, is an ideal fertilizer for modifying medium and low yield fields, and has the characteristics of low water-soluble content, slow release of phosphorus and long modification time, wherein more than 90% of phosphorus is citrate-soluble.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of soil improvement of medium and low yield fields, the invention provides a microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of the medium and low yield fields and a preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of a medium-low yield field comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles;
s2 surface treatment
(1) Respectively weighing acrylamide monomers and [2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyl ] dimethyl- (3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide monomers, dissolving the monomers in deionized water to prepare a solution with the vinyl concentration of 1mol/L, adding N, N-methylene bisacrylamide with the final concentration of 0.01-0.02mol/L as a cross-linking agent to obtain a mixed solution, introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution to remove oxygen, adding potassium persulfate and potassium bisulfite with the final concentrations of 0.01mol/L, fully and uniformly stirring, then sealing a reaction system, stirring at normal temperature for 12-24h, adding deionized water for dilution to obtain a precursor solution, dropwise adding glutaraldehyde with the mass of 1-3% of the mixed solution, heating and stirring to fully and uniformly mix the system to obtain a first modified solution, immersing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer into the first modified solution, fully stirring, filtering, and baking at the temperature of 120-150 ℃ to obtain a first modified product;
wherein the molar ratio of the acrylamide monomer to the [2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyl ] dimethyl- (3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide monomer is (1-5): 10;
(2) preparing 1 mol/L2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer solution, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen, adding the first modified product, fully and uniformly stirring, adding potassium persulfate and potassium bisulfite with final concentrations of 0.01mol/L, fully and uniformly stirring, sealing a reaction system, stirring for reaction for 12-24h, filtering, and baking at 150 ℃ under 120-;
s3, compounding
Mixing the surface-treated calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles with a mushroom residue organic fertilizer and a microbial agent to obtain the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer;
wherein the weight ratio of the surface-treated calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles to the bacterial residue organic fertilizer to the microbial agent is 100: (30-50): (1-2), wherein the microbial agent comprises 15-25% of bacillus cereus and 75-85% of EM microbial agent.
Preferably, the preparation method of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer granules comprises the following steps:
crushing ore powder subjected to phosphorite beneficiation to 100 meshes to obtain ore powder, adding 1-3mol/L nitric acid solution while stirring, drying the acidified ore powder until the water content is not higher than 15%, mixing the acidified ore powder with active silicate ore powder, then roasting at high temperature to obtain a roasted melt product, quenching the melt product with water, drying, crushing, uniformly mixing with calcium lignosulfonate, and granulating to obtain calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer particles;
wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of mineral powder, 10-15 parts of nitric acid, 10-20 parts of active silicate mineral powder and 5-10 parts of calcium lignosulphonate; the high-temperature roasting temperature is 1000-1400 ℃, and the roasting time is 0.5-2 h.
Preferably, the phosphate ore is prepared by taking flotation phosphorus tailing pulp as a raw material, performing thickening and filtering dehydration treatment to obtain a filter cake, and drying the filter cake until the water content is not higher than 2%, wherein the dry basis content of phosphorus pentoxide in the pulp is 8-26 wt.%.
Preferably, the active silicate mineral powder is one or more of silica powder, attapulgite, montmorillonite, sepiolite and zeolite.
Preferably, the organic matter content in the bacterial dreg organic fertilizer is not less than 50%.
Preferably, the number of viable bacteria in the microbial agent is not less than 10 hundred million/gram.
Preferably, the microbial agent comprises a microbial bacterium and a carrier.
Preferably, the preparation method of the carrier comprises the following steps:
b1, weighing spherical mesoporous silica, stirring and immersing in CO3 2-Soaking in 0.6-1mol/L salt solution overnight, filtering out mesoporous silica, leaching with flowing deionized water, and sequentially eluting with Ca2+Salt solution with concentration of 1-2mol/L and PO4 3-Leaching the salt solution with the concentration of 1-2mol/L to obtain a product A;
b2, adding an ammonia water solution with the volume fraction of 1-3% of ethanol solution and tetraethoxysilane with the volume fraction of 15-20% of ethanol solution into a P123 ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 0.04-0.05g/ml, fully stirring, adding the product A, stirring and preserving heat at 50-60 ℃ to react for 1-2h, filtering out the product A, washing with absolute ethanol, a dilute acid solution and deionized water in sequence, and drying to obtain the carrier;
the concentration of the ammonia water solution is 5-10 wt.%, and H in the dilute acid solution+The concentration of (B) is 0.5-1 mol/L.
The invention also aims to provide a microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of the medium and low-yield field, and the microbial fertilizer is prepared by the preparation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, by compounding the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, the microbial agent and the bacterial dreg organic fertilizer, the inorganic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer and the biological fertilizer are organically combined, so that the microbial fertilizer which has good fertilizer efficiency, can obviously improve soil and can be used for medium and low yield field transformation and capacity improvement is obtained.
(2) The calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is a phosphate radical (PO)4 3-) The aluminosilicate glass body of (1), the main component comprises Ca3(PO4)2、CaSiO3、MgSiO3Generally containing P2O5 12％～20％、CaO 25％～32％、MgO 8％～20％、SiO225-40 percent of silicate, 1-2 percent of FeO, 300-800 mg/kg of Mn, 50-210 mg/kg of Zn and 10-60 mg/kg of Cu, is a multi-element phosphate fertilizer simultaneously containing medium and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, iron, manganese, zinc and the like, is an alkaline fertilizer, is a good acid soil conditioner, can improve the pH value of soil, is particularly suitable for acid red loam with serious calcium and magnesium leaching in south, and has the advantages that calcium and magnesium ions contained in calcium and magnesium phosphate fertilizer enter the soil to perform replacement reaction with sodium ions accumulated in a large amount of saline-alkali soil, so that the activity of the sodium ions is reduced, the harm is reduced, silicate can be combined with the sodium ions generating saline-alkali harm in the soil, the activity of the silicate is reduced, and the effect of improving the saline-alkali soil can also be achieved; the phosphate tailings contain higher calcium, magnesium, silicon, phosphorus and other elements, and the invention is beneficial toThe method for directly producing the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer by using the middle-low grade phosphate ore rich in resources in China can improve the utilization rate of phosphorus resources and reduce the accumulation of tailing slag generated by mineral separation.
(3) After the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is cooled, phosphate radicals are frozen and can be slowly dissolved out by weak acid in a silicate network, but more than 90% of the phosphate radicals are citrate-soluble, the water-soluble content is low, and the release of phosphorus is slow.
(4) Grain and bean crop rotation is an important method for modifying middle and low yield fields, bean plants such as peanuts and the like are barren-resistant crops which are used for modifying and planting middle and low yield fields, root systems of the bean plants often form a symbiotic relationship with rhizobia, and a virtuous cycle can be formed through rotation; the bacillus cereus promotes the growth of fast-growing rhizobia, relieves the negative influence of salt and alkali stress on nodulation of the fast-growing rhizobia, increases the colonization of the fast-growing rhizobia in the nodulation, promotes the nitrogen fixation effect and the growth of bean plants, and improves the transformation efficiency of medium and low-yield fields. Further, the microbial agent is loaded on the porous carrier, so that the influence of storage environment factors on the biological activity of the microbial agent is reduced, and the field planting of the microbial agent is promoted.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of a medium-low yield field, and a preparation method of the microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles;
crushing ore powder after phosphorite beneficiation to 100 meshes to obtain ore powder, weighing 80-90 parts of the ore powder, adding 12 parts of 2mol/L nitric acid solution while stirring, drying the acidified ore powder until the water content is not higher than 15%, mixing with 10 parts of silica powder and 5 parts of zeolite, then roasting at the roasting temperature of 1200 ℃ for 1h to obtain a roasted melt product, quenching the melt product with water, drying, crushing, adding 7 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, uniformly mixing and granulating to obtain calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer particles;
the phosphate ore is prepared by taking flotation phosphate tailing pulp as a raw material, performing thickening and filtering dehydration treatment to obtain a filter cake, and drying the filter cake until the water content is not higher than 2%, wherein P in the pulp is2O5Has a dry content of 12 wt.%;
s2 surface treatment
(1) According to the molar ratio of 2: 1, respectively weighing acrylamide and [2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyl ] dimethyl- (3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide, dissolving the acrylamide and the [2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyl ] dimethyl- (3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide in deionized water to prepare a solution with a vinyl concentration of 1mol/L, adding N, N-methylene bisacrylamide with a final concentration of 0.02mol/L as a cross-linking agent to obtain a mixed solution, introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution to remove oxygen, adding potassium persulfate and potassium bisulfite with final concentrations of 0.01mol/L, fully and uniformly stirring, then sealing a reaction system, stirring at normal temperature for 16h, adding deionized water for dilution to prepare a precursor solution, dropwise adding glutaraldehyde with a mass of 2% of the mixed solution, heating and stirring to fully and uniformly mix the system to obtain a first modified solution, immersing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer in the first modified solution, fully stirring, filtering, and baking at 140 ℃ to obtain a first modified product;
(2) preparing a 1 mol/L2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid solution, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen, adding the first modified product, fully and uniformly stirring, adding potassium persulfate and potassium bisulfite with final concentrations of 0.01mol/L, fully and uniformly stirring, sealing a reaction system, stirring for 14 hours, filtering, and baking at 130 ℃ to obtain surface-treated calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles;
s3, compounding
Mixing the surface-treated calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles, the bacterial residue organic fertilizer and the microbial agent according to the weight ratio of 100: 45: 1.5 mixing to obtain;
the organic matter content of the bacterial residue organic fertilizer is not less than 50%, the microbial agent comprises 20% of bacillus cereus and 80% of EM microbial agent, and the number of effective viable bacteria in the microbial agent is not less than 10 hundred million/gram.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to a microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of a medium-low yield field, and a preparation method of the microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles;
crushing ore powder after phosphorite beneficiation to 100 meshes to obtain ore powder, weighing 80-90 parts of the ore powder, adding 12 parts of 2mol/L nitric acid solution while stirring, drying the acidified ore powder until the water content is not higher than 15%, mixing with 10 parts of silica powder and 5 parts of zeolite, then roasting at the roasting temperature of 1200 ℃ for 1h to obtain a roasted melt product, quenching the melt product with water, drying, crushing, adding 7 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, uniformly mixing and granulating to obtain calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer particles;
the phosphate ore is prepared by taking flotation phosphate tailing pulp as a raw material, performing thickening and filtering dehydration treatment to obtain a filter cake, and drying the filter cake until the water content is not higher than 2%, wherein P in the pulp is2O5Has a dry content of 12 wt.%;
s2, compounding
Mixing the surface-treated calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles, the bacterial residue organic fertilizer and the microbial agent according to the weight ratio of 100: 45: 1.5 mixing to obtain;
the organic matter content of the bacterial residue organic fertilizer is not less than 50%, the microbial agent comprises 20% of bacillus cereus and 80% of EM microbial agent, and the number of effective viable bacteria in the microbial agent is not less than 10 hundred million/gram.
Example 3
The embodiment relates to a microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of a medium-low yield field, and a preparation method of the microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles;
crushing ore powder after phosphorite beneficiation to 100 meshes to obtain ore powder, weighing 80-90 parts of the ore powder, adding 12 parts of 2mol/L nitric acid solution while stirring, drying the acidified ore powder until the water content is not higher than 15%, mixing with 10 parts of silica powder and 5 parts of zeolite, then roasting at the roasting temperature of 1200 ℃ for 1h to obtain a roasted melt product, quenching the melt product with water, drying, crushing, adding 7 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, uniformly mixing and granulating to obtain calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer particles;
the phosphate ore is prepared by taking flotation phosphate tailing pulp as a raw material, performing thickening and filtering dehydration treatment to obtain a filter cake, and drying the filter cake until the water content is not higher than 2%, wherein P in the pulp is2O5Has a dry content of 12 wt.%;
s2, compounding
Mixing the surface-treated calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles, the bacterial residue organic fertilizer and the microbial agent according to the weight ratio of 100: 45: 1.5 mixing to obtain;
wherein the content of organic matters in the bacterial dreg organic fertilizer is not less than 50%, the microbial agent is an EM microbial agent, and the number of effective viable bacteria in the microbial agent is not less than 10 hundred million/g.
Example 4
In the same way as in example 1, the microbial agent is loaded on a silica carrier in a mixing way, and the preparation method of the silica carrier comprises the following steps:
b1, weighing spherical mesoporous silica, stirring and immersing the spherical mesoporous silica in 1mol/L sodium carbonate solution, soaking overnight, filtering out the mesoporous silica, leaching with flowing deionized water, and leaching the leached mesoporous silica with 2mol/L calcium chloride solution and 2mol/L potassium phosphate solution in sequence to obtain a product A;
b2, adding an ammonia water solution (10 wt.%) with the volume fraction of the ethanol solution being 2% and tetraethoxysilane (15% of the volume fraction of the ethanol solution) into a P123 ethanol solution with the mass concentration being 0.05g/ml, fully stirring, adding the product A, stirring and carrying out heat preservation reaction at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 1-2H, filtering the product A, and sequentially adding absolute ethyl alcohol and c (H)+) Washing the carrier by dilute acid solution of 1mol/L and deionized water, and drying to obtain the carrier.
Examples of the experiments
Comparing the repairing results of the fertilizers prepared in the embodiments on the medium and low-yield fields by taking the medium and low-yield fields independently applied with the mushroom residue organic fertilizer as a control and taking peanuts as planting crops; specifically, planting is carried out in a mountainous land real estate field in suburbs, the peanuts are initially sown in the late 4 th to the early 5 th, single-seed precision sowing and mulching, harvesting is carried out from the bottom of 8 months to the early 9 months, row spacing and row spacing are 20 cm, average parameters of peanut plants are recorded, and the quantity of rhizobia before and after soil planting is determined:
finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of a medium-low yield field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles;
s2 surface treatment
(1) Respectively weighing acrylamide monomers and [2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyl ] dimethyl- (3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide monomers, dissolving the monomers in deionized water to prepare a solution with the vinyl concentration of 1mol/L, adding N, N-methylene bisacrylamide with the final concentration of 0.01-0.02mol/L as a cross-linking agent to obtain a mixed solution, introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution to remove oxygen, adding potassium persulfate and potassium bisulfite with the final concentrations of 0.01mol/L, fully and uniformly stirring, then sealing a reaction system, stirring at normal temperature for 12-24h, adding deionized water for dilution to obtain a precursor solution, dropwise adding glutaraldehyde with the mass of 1-3% of the mixed solution, heating and stirring to fully and uniformly mix the system to obtain a first modified solution, immersing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer into the first modified solution, fully stirring, filtering, and baking at the temperature of 120-150 ℃ to obtain a first modified product;
wherein the molar ratio of the acrylamide monomer to the [2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyl ] dimethyl- (3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide monomer is (1-5): 10;
(2) preparing 1 mol/L2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer solution, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen, adding the first modified product, fully and uniformly stirring, adding potassium persulfate and potassium bisulfite with final concentrations of 0.01mol/L, fully and uniformly stirring, sealing a reaction system, stirring for reaction for 12-24h, filtering, and baking at 150 ℃ under 120-;
s3, compounding
Mixing the surface-treated calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles with a mushroom residue organic fertilizer and a microbial agent to obtain the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer;
wherein the weight ratio of the surface-treated calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer particles to the bacterial residue organic fertilizer to the microbial agent is 100: (30-50): (1-2), wherein the microbial agent comprises 15-25% of bacillus cereus and 75-85% of EM microbial agent.
2. The preparation method of the microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of the medium and low yield fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer granules comprises the following steps:
crushing ore powder subjected to phosphorite beneficiation to 100 meshes to obtain ore powder, adding 1-3mol/L nitric acid solution while stirring, drying the acidified ore powder until the water content is not higher than 15%, mixing the acidified ore powder with active silicate ore powder, then roasting at high temperature to obtain a roasted melt product, quenching the melt product with water, drying, crushing, uniformly mixing with calcium lignosulfonate, and granulating to obtain calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer particles;
wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of mineral powder, 10-15 parts of nitric acid, 10-20 parts of active silicate mineral powder and 5-10 parts of calcium lignosulphonate; the high-temperature roasting temperature is 1000-1400 ℃, and the roasting time is 0.5-2 h.
3. The preparation method of the microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of the medium and low yield fields as claimed in claim 2, wherein the phosphate ore is prepared by taking flotation phosphate tailing pulp as a raw material, performing thickening and filtering dehydration treatment to obtain a filter cake, and drying the filter cake until the water content is not higher than 2%, wherein the dry content of phosphorus pentoxide in the pulp is 8-26 wt.%.
4. The method for improving the productivity of the medium and low yield fields by using the microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the active silicate mineral powder is one or more of silica powder, attapulgite, montmorillonite, sepiolite and zeolite.
5. The preparation method of the microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of the medium and low yield fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic matter content of the bacterial dreg organic fertilizer is not less than 50%.
6. The method for preparing the microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of the medium and low yield fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of viable bacteria in the microbial agent is not less than 10 hundred million/g.
7. The method for preparing the microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of the medium and low yield fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial agent comprises a microbial bacterium and a carrier.
8. The preparation method of the microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of the medium and low yield fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the carrier comprises the following steps:
b1, weighing spherical mesoporous silica, stirring and immersing in CO3 2-Soaking in 0.6-1mol/L salt solution overnight, filtering out mesoporous silica, leaching with flowing deionized water, and sequentially eluting with Ca2+Salt solution with concentration of 1-2mol/L and PO4 3-Leaching the salt solution with the concentration of 1-2mol/L to obtain a product A;
b2, adding an ammonia water solution with the volume fraction of 1-3% of ethanol solution and tetraethoxysilane with the volume fraction of 15-20% of ethanol solution into a P123 ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 0.04-0.05g/ml, fully stirring, adding the product A, stirring and preserving heat at 50-60 ℃ to react for 1-2h, filtering out the product A, washing with absolute ethanol, a dilute acid solution and deionized water in sequence, and drying to obtain the carrier;
the concentration of the ammonia water solution is 5-10 wt.%, and H in the dilute acid solution+The concentration of (B) is 0.5-1 mol/L.
9. Microbial fertilizer for improving the productivity of medium and low yield fields, which is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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2021
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