CN113668233B - 织物整理剂及使用其整理纯棉织物的方法 - Google Patents

织物整理剂及使用其整理纯棉织物的方法 Download PDF

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CN113668233B
CN113668233B CN202110977295.8A CN202110977295A CN113668233B CN 113668233 B CN113668233 B CN 113668233B CN 202110977295 A CN202110977295 A CN 202110977295A CN 113668233 B CN113668233 B CN 113668233B
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廖师琴
杨陈
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Jiangxi Institute of Fashion Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开一种织物整理剂，包括第一整理剂和第二整理剂，其第一整理剂和第二整理剂都拥有特定组分的原料。本发明还公开了使用上述织物整理剂的整理纯棉织物方法。本发明公开的织物整理剂，分为不同用途的两份，采用特定的原料和配比，用其来整理纯棉织物的方法操作简单。经过本发明整理方法整理后的纯棉织物，具有快速排汗干燥、导热性能，采用该棉织物制得的衣服具备了优异的吸湿凉爽性能，能满足人们多种不同的需求，实用性高，适用范围广泛，同时经过整理的纯棉织物还具备抗紫外能力、防水性和撕破强力的能力，同时具有抗菌、抑菌性能，避免滋生霉菌。

Description

织物整理剂及使用其整理纯棉织物的方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织技术领域，具体涉及一种织物整理剂及使用其整理纯棉织物的方法。
背景技术
随着生活水平的不断提高，人们己不单一满足衣食住行的简单需求而是向健康、舒适等更高追求迈进。从穿衣角度讲己不再单一追求衣料的好看、耐用，而是希望衣服具有一些特殊的功能性。夏日既是阳光暴晒的日子，也是人们大汗淋漓的季节，人们在防护自身免受紫外线侵袭的同时，又迫切需要穿着凉爽、舒适的服装。这就对我们现有传统的纺织织物提出了挑战，因此具有吸湿凉爽性的纤维织物受到了越来越多的人们的追捧。
目前的导湿纯棉织物由于其吸汗的特性，容易滋生细菌，对人体健康产生威胁，同时，现有的该类纯棉织物制备工艺复杂，且使用时舒适性差，因此，有必要对现有的制备工艺进行改进。
发明内容
为此，本发明的所要解决的技术问题是现有导湿纯棉织物工艺复杂，抗菌能力差，不够舒适的缺陷，进而提供了一种织物整理剂及使用其整理纯棉织物的方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
本发明提供一种织物整理剂，包括第一整理剂和第二整理剂，所述第一整理剂包括如下重量份数的原料：
Figure BDA0003227995070000021
进一步地，所述第二整理剂包括如下重量份数的原料：
Figure BDA0003227995070000022
本发明还提供一种整理纯棉织物方法，使用上述织物整理剂，包括如下步骤：
S1：将纯棉织物浸渍在第一整理剂中进行浸轧；
S2：在浸轧后的纯棉织物表面喷涂第二整理剂；
S3：将纯棉织物进行烘焙、皂洗和烘干。
进一步地，步骤S1中所述浸轧方法为将第二整理剂倒入浸轧机中，将纯棉织物浸轧后放入烘箱中，60-80℃环境下烘干。
优选地，所述浸轧中浸渍和压轧的次数不少于2次。
进一步地，步骤S2中所述喷涂方法为喷涂2层，每层厚度为0.03-0.05mm。
步骤S3中所述焙烘温度为120-160℃，焙烘时间为2-6min；
S3中所述皂洗温度为70-80℃，时间为4-6min，其中皂洗用的皂液优选使用高级脂肪酸与烧碱反应制成，然后再通过盐析将反应后的有效部分高级脂肪酸钠分离而制得；
S3中所述烘干为先采用低温干燥，干燥温度为40-50℃，干燥2-3min后将温度升至80-90℃，再干燥2-3min。
本发明还提供一种纯棉织物，采用上述整理纯棉织物方法进行整理得到。
本发明技术方案具备以下优点：
(1)本发明提供的织物整理剂中，其第一织物整理剂中，纳米氧化锌，对紫外线的几个波段，都有较为明显的吸收和反射作用；戊二醇是一种有机溶剂，对水产生了天生的防御效果，其和有机硅氧烷进行配合，提高了了防水性能；液晶型聚氨酯属于高韧性物质，具有很好的弹性和柔韧性，其整理时棉织物，相当于给棉织物加上了一层保护膜，在撕破棉织物前，必须先撕破液晶型聚氨酯材料，使其造成撕破强力大大增加；PNCS微凝胶属于微米级的凝胶颗粒，是一种具有分子内交联结构的聚合物微粒，不仅能促进第一整理剂中各物质相互交联促进溶合，还能增强整理后的棉织物的力学性能和耐久性和防水性；槲皮素--3--葡萄苷具备抗氧化作用，防止织物和整理剂组分被氧化，增加衣物的使用寿命。
(2)本发明提供的织物整理剂中，其第二织物整理剂中，甲壳素、ε-聚赖氨酸具有抗菌抑菌和避免细菌滋生的功能；纳米银离子也是一种非常高效的广谱杀菌剂，其在纳米状态下，由于大大增大了银离子与外界的接触面，其杀菌能力更是产生了质的飞跃，极少量的纳米银即可产生强力的杀菌作用，可在数分钟内杀死650多种细菌，所以其已被广泛应用于现在的纺织服装行业，同时也具有一定的防电磁辐射效果；ε-聚赖氨酸有天然防腐作用，相对于其他防腐材料，具有抗菌谱广，稳定性好，抑菌效果好、抑菌谱广、将它应用在棉织物材料上，可以抑制棉织物中微生物的生长。
(3)本发明提供的织物整理剂中，第二整理剂中的甲壳素原有结构还会与第一整理剂中的戊二醇发生部分接枝，从而增加了甲壳素的溶解性能，使得甲壳素可以在短时间内形成凝胶具有较好的抗菌止血功能，进而封闭伤口。
(4)本发明提供的整理方法中，第一整理剂对纯棉织物的浸轧使得第一整理剂的成分包覆在纯棉织物的纤维上，而第二整理剂在表面的喷洒使得纯棉织物具有单向导湿效果：由于内层是棉织物，在吸湿后水，密度较大，而外层使用喷涂第二整理剂，第二整理剂涂层本身不吸湿，暴露在外层空气中，由于外层水汽密度较小内层水汽密度较大，根据差动毛细效应和压力差原理，水汽会从浓度大的会向浓度小的地方移动，造成了整个棉织物的单向导湿功能。而根据单向导湿原则，表层的水汽由于密度的关系和惯性的作用会很快蒸发，蒸发便会带走大量热量，从而促成内部温度降低。使身体感到非常的凉爽，身体温度的降低，达到了快速导热的效果。因此，织物产生了快速排汗、干燥导热、吸湿凉爽的性能。
(5)本发明整理方法操作简单，经过本发明整理方法整理后，得到的纯棉织物具有快速排汗干燥、导热性能，采用该棉织物制得的衣服具备了优异的吸湿凉爽性能，能满足人们多种不同的需求，实用性高，适用范围广泛，同时经过整理的纯棉织物还具备抗紫外能力、防水性和撕破强力的能力，同时具有抗菌、抑菌性能，避免滋生霉菌。
具体实施方式
提供下述实施例是为了更好地进一步理解本发明，并不局限于所述最佳实施方式，不对本发明的内容和保护范围构成限制，任何人在本发明的启示下或是将本发明与其他现有技术的特征进行组合而得出的任何与本发明相同或相近似的产品，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例中未注明具体实验步骤或条件者，按照本领域内的文献所描述的常规实验步骤的操作或条件即可进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市购获得的常规试剂产品。
各实施例中使用的液晶型聚氨酯为德国巴斯夫公司生产的TPU-9313液晶型聚氨酯。
各实施例中使用的有机硅氧烷为深圳吉鹏硅氟材料有限公司生产的SH-916A四海牌有机硅氧烷；
各实施例中使用的海藻酸盐为南京都莱生物技术有限公司生产的都莱牌CAS：9005-38-3海藻酸钠；
各实施例中使用的PNCS微凝胶为直接用壳聚糖溶液、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、过硫酸钾及水混合配制得具体制备方法依照中国专利文献CN105714562A中的方法制得；
各实施例和对比例中使用的纯棉织物为青岛海岸纺织有限公司生产的密度75*75，纱支32*32，门幅170cm，货号C3275的普梳纯棉布。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种织物整理剂，包括第一整理剂和第二整理剂，其原料中，第一整理剂包括纳米氧化锌200g、1,2-戊二醇40g、液晶型聚氨酯30g、有机硅氧烷40g、槲皮素-3-葡萄苷50g、海藻酸盐20g、PNCS微凝胶80g和去离子水100g；第二整理剂包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮20g、磷酸二氢钠20g、甲壳素10g、ε-聚赖氨酸30g、一氯三嗪-β-环糊精30g、纳米银粒子10g。
本实施例还提供一种整理纯棉织物的方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)第一整理剂倒入浸轧机中，将纯棉织物二浸二轧后放入烘箱中，60℃环境下烘干；
(2)在浸轧后的纯棉织物表面喷涂第二整理剂，采用两步喷涂法，喷涂2层，每层厚度为0.05mm；
(3)将纯棉织物进行烘焙、皂洗和烘干，即对纯棉织物整理完成，其中焙烘温度为120℃，焙烘时间为2min；皂洗温度为70℃，时间为4min；烘干为先采用低温干燥，干燥温度为40℃，干燥3min后将温度升至80℃，再干燥2min。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种织物整理剂，包括第一整理剂和第二整理剂，其原料中，第一整理剂包括纳米氧化锌300g、1,2-戊二醇100g、液晶型聚氨酯90g、有机硅氧烷100g、槲皮素-3-葡萄苷150g、海藻酸盐80g、PNCS微凝胶200g和去离子水200g；第二整理剂包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮60g、磷酸二氢钠40g、甲壳素30g、ε-聚赖氨酸90g、一氯三嗪-β-环糊精90g、纳米银粒子30g。
本实施例还提供一种整理纯棉织物的方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)第一整理剂倒入浸轧机中，将纯棉织物二浸二轧后放入烘箱中，80℃环境下烘干；
(2)在浸轧后的纯棉织物表面喷涂第二整理剂，采用两步喷涂法，喷涂2层，每层厚度为0.03mm；
(3)将纯棉织物进行烘焙、皂洗和烘干，即对纯棉织物整理完成，其中焙烘温度为160℃，焙烘时间为6min；皂洗温度为80℃，时间为6min；烘干为先采用低温干燥，干燥温度为50℃，干燥3min后将温度升至90℃，再干燥3min。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种织物整理剂，包括第一整理剂和第二整理剂，其原料中，第一整理剂包括纳米氧化锌220g、1,2-戊二醇50g、液晶型聚氨酯40g、有机硅氧烷60g、槲皮素-3-葡萄苷70g、海藻酸盐30g、PNCS微凝胶100g和去离子水120g；第二整理剂包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮30g、磷酸二氢钠30g、甲壳素10g、ε-聚赖氨酸50g、一氯三嗪-β-环糊精40g、纳米银粒子20g。
本实施例还提供一种整理纯棉织物的方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)第一整理剂倒入浸轧机中，将纯棉织物二浸二轧后放入烘箱中，65℃环境下烘干；
(2)在浸轧后的纯棉织物表面喷涂第二整理剂，采用两步喷涂法，喷涂2层，每层厚度为0.04mm；
(3)将纯棉织物进行烘焙、皂洗和烘干，即对纯棉织物整理完成，其中焙烘温度为130℃，焙烘时间为3min；皂洗温度为72℃，时间为5min；烘干为先采用低温干燥，干燥温度为42℃，干燥3min后将温度升至82℃，再干燥2min。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种织物整理剂，包括第一整理剂和第二整理剂，其原料中，第一整理剂包括纳米氧化锌200g、1,2-戊二醇40g、液晶型聚氨酯30g、有机硅氧烷40g、槲皮素-3-葡萄苷50g、海藻酸盐20g、PNCS微凝胶80g和去离子水100g；第二整理剂包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮20g、磷酸二氢钠20g、甲壳素10g、ε-聚赖氨酸30g、一氯三嗪-β-环糊精30g、纳米银粒子10g。
本实施例还提供一种整理纯棉织物的方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)第一整理剂倒入浸轧机中，将纯棉织物二浸二轧后放入烘箱中，60℃环境下烘干；
(2)在浸轧后的纯棉织物表面喷涂第二整理剂，采用两步喷涂法，喷涂2层，每层厚度为0.05mm；
(3)将纯棉织物进行烘焙、皂洗和烘干，即对纯棉织物整理完成，其中焙烘温度为120℃，焙烘时间为2min；皂洗温度为70℃，时间为4min；烘干为先采用低温干燥，干燥温度为40℃，干燥3min后将温度升至80℃，再干燥2min。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种织物整理剂，包括第一整理剂和第二整理剂，其原料中，第一整理剂包括纳米氧化锌200g、1,2-戊二醇40g、液晶型聚氨酯30g、有机硅氧烷40g、槲皮素-3-葡萄苷50g、海藻酸盐20g、PNCS微凝胶80g和去离子水100g；第二整理剂包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮20g、磷酸二氢钠20g、甲壳素10g、ε-聚赖氨酸30g、一氯三嗪-β-环糊精30g、纳米银粒子10g。
本实施例还提供一种整理纯棉织物的方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)第一整理剂倒入浸轧机中，将纯棉织物二浸二轧后放入烘箱中，60℃环境下烘干；
(2)在浸轧后的纯棉织物表面喷涂第二整理剂，采用两步喷涂法，喷涂2层，每层厚度为0.05mm；
(3)将纯棉织物进行烘焙、皂洗和烘干，即对纯棉织物整理完成，其中焙烘温度为120℃，焙烘时间为2min；皂洗温度为70℃，时间为4min；烘干为先采用低温干燥，干燥温度为40℃，干燥3min后将温度升至80℃，再干燥2min。
对比例1
本对比例和实施例1的区别在于，没有使用第二整理剂喷涂。
对比例2
本对比例和实施例1的区别在于，使用的第一整理剂中没有PNCS微凝胶。
对比例3
本对比例和实施例1的区别在于，没有添加甲壳素。
试验例
对本发明实施例进行性能测试，其中，抗菌性的性能测试参照：AATCC 100－2012《抗菌纺织品的评价方法》；防水性能测试参照：GB/T 4744-2013《纺织品防水性能的检测和评价静水压法》；吸湿性能测试参照：GB/T 21655.2-2019《纺织品吸湿速干性的评定第2部分：动态水分传递法》；防紫外线性能测试参照：GB/T 18830-2009《纺织品防紫外线性能的评定》；撕破强力测试参照：GB/T 3917.3-2009《纺织品织物撕破性能第3部分：梯形试样撕破强力的测定》，单项传递指数测试参照GB/T21655.2-2019《纺织品吸湿速干性的评定》，其测试结果如下表1所示：
表1：实施例和对比例的性能测试结果
Figure BDA0003227995070000101
由上表可知，本申请各实施例各项性能均很优秀。对比例1中未做第二整理剂的添加，除了大幅降低紫外线遮挡率和抑菌效果外，同时使纯棉表面未有增强的防水效果，使得纯棉织物内部对水的束缚力相对增强，减少了负压，水汽从织物内部向外部移动变得困难，单向传递大为降低；对比例2中没有添加PNCS微凝胶，由于缺乏其使得第一整理剂中各物质相互交联促进溶合的作用，导致对比例2中各项性能均有不同程度的下降；对比例3中，没有添加甲壳素，除了导致其抗菌能力下降外，由于缺少了甲壳素和第一整理剂中的戊二醇的接枝，同样影响到了其余的性能，造成了性能的下降。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (7)

1.一种织物整理剂，包括第一整理剂和第二整理剂，其特征在于，所述第一整理剂包括如下重量份数的原料：
Figure FDA0004062814880000011
所述第二整理剂包括如下重量份数的原料：
Figure FDA0004062814880000012
2.一种整理纯棉织物方法，其特征在于，使用权利要求1所述的织物整理剂，包括如下步骤：
S1：将纯棉织物浸渍在第一整理剂中进行浸轧；
S2：在浸轧后的纯棉织物表面喷涂第二整理剂；
S3：将纯棉织物进行烘焙、皂洗和烘干。
3.根据权利要求2所述的整理纯棉织物方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中所述浸轧方法为将第一整理剂倒入浸轧机中，将纯棉织物浸轧后放入烘箱中，60-80℃环境下烘干。
4.根据权利要求3所述的整理纯棉织物方法，其特征在于，所述浸轧中浸渍和压轧的次数不少于2次。
5.根据权利要求4所述的整理纯棉织物方法，其特征在于，步骤S2中所述喷涂方法为喷涂2层，每层厚度为0.03-0.05mm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的整理纯棉织物方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中所述烘焙温度为120-160℃，烘焙时间为2-6min；
S3中所述皂洗温度为70-80℃，时间为4-6min；
S3中所述烘干为先采用低温干燥，干燥温度为40-50℃，干燥2-3min后将温度升至80-90℃，再干燥2-3min。
7.一种纯棉织物，其特征在于，采用权利要求3-6任一权利要求所述的整理纯棉织物方法进行整理得到。
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