CN113666772B - Ceramic rock plate with deep-engraved concave-convex texture and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic rock plate with deep-engraved concave-convex texture and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building ceramics, in particular to a ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex textures and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex textures comprises the following steps: A. rolling and forming the blank to obtain a blank body, and then drying the blank body for the first time; B. printing mold ink; C. spraying digital overglaze; D. carrying out secondary drying on the blank; E. printing color ink and finishing impression ink on the surface of the blank according to a preset pattern; F. printing a bright digital protective glaze and a matte digital protective glaze on the surface of the blank; G. drying the blank for three times; H. and firing the blank in a kiln chamber, and polishing to obtain the ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex textures. The preparation method and the preparation method of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture provided by the technical scheme are beneficial to improving the stereoscopic impression of the texture of the rock plate and improving the wear resistance and the skid resistance of the rock plate on the premise of ensuring the flatness of the ceramic rock plate, and have strong operability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building ceramics, in particular to a ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex textures and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of the industry in China, the economic strength of China rapidly rises, the pursuit of people for the quality of life is gradually improved, and the requirements on the living environment are particularly strict. As a decorative material for beautifying living space, the architectural ceramic tile is widely applied to the home decoration industry and is also obviously changed therewith. The existing building ceramic tiles have been developed from polished tiles to existing infiltrated tiles, ceramic slabs, rock slabs, and the like.
The rock plate is a novel ceramic product, is a brand new concept evolved on the basis of a ceramic thin plate and a ceramic large plate, has the main characteristics of large specification, complete thickness, rich surface texture, simple and large decorative effect, few remained seams, high construction paving efficiency and the like, is rapidly popularized in the high-end home product industry for a short period of time and has continuously increased occupancy rate. The ceramic rock plate is different from common ceramic tiles, can be used for serving as a wall and a floor, and can also be used as a multifunctional material to be processed into different specifications and shapes to be applied to different areas of a home, such as tea tables, table tops, kitchen tables, cabinets, wardrobe panels and the like. Particularly, compared with artificial stones, quartz stones, marbles, granites and the like, the rock plate is more environment-friendly and healthy, meets the environmental protection requirements in recent years very well, meanwhile, the texture of the rock plate is artificially created, is rich and diverse, has diversified texture, and is determined by the fact that the rock plate is more and more popular with consumers, so that the rock plate has wide application market and great economic benefit.
With the continuous improvement of living standard, the application of people to the home space is changed, the individual pattern decoration design and the excellent physicochemical property of the rock plate are pursued, and simultaneously, higher requirements are provided for the surface effect and the real touch of the rock plate. In addition, the existing rock plate is mainly prepared by full-glazed glaze, and although the full-glazed glaze is mainly characterized by good transparency and fresh overall color, the rock plate has poor wear resistance and skid resistance, and is easily scratched by tool marks particularly when the rock plate is used as a tea table, a table top and a kitchen table. Moreover, because the thickness of the ceramic rock plate is very thin, the brick edge is easy to warp in the production process, so that the difficult problem that ceramic production enterprises need to overcome urgently is how to improve the stereoscopic impression of the rock plate texture and improve the wear resistance and the skid resistance of the rock plate on the premise of ensuring the flatness of the ceramic rock plate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex textures, which is beneficial to improving the stereoscopic impression of the textures of the rock plate and improving the wear resistance and anti-skid performance of the rock plate on the premise of ensuring the flatness of the ceramic rock plate and has strong operability.
The invention also aims to provide the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture, which is prepared by the preparation method of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture, the surface of the ceramic rock plate has the deep concave-convex texture, the stereoscopic impression is strong, the flatness is high, and the ceramic rock plate has excellent wear resistance and skid resistance so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex textures comprises the following steps:
A. rolling and forming the blank to obtain a blank body, and then drying the blank body for the first time;
B. b, printing die ink on the surface of the blank body in the step A according to a preset pattern, wherein the ink jet amount of the die ink is 15-45 g/m2；
C. Spraying a digital overglaze on the surface of the blank in the step B, wherein the aluminum content of the digital overglaze is 18.5-21%, the ratio range of the silicon-aluminum ratio of the digital overglaze is 2.6-3, and the expansion coefficient of the digital overglaze is (1.85-1.95) multiplied by 10-6/℃；
D. C, carrying out secondary drying on the blank in the step C, wherein the drying temperature of the secondary drying is 110-120 ℃, and the drying time of the secondary drying is 2-4 min;
E. printing color ink and finishing carving ink on the surface of the blank body in the step D according to a preset pattern;
F. printing a bright digital protective glaze and a matte digital protective glaze on the surface of the blank in the step E;
G. drying the blank body obtained in the step F for three times;
H. and D, firing the blank in the step G in a kiln chamber, and polishing to obtain the ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex textures.
Preferably, in the step H, the kiln chamber sequentially comprises a preheating zone, a burning zone and a cooling zone along the kiln discharging direction; the temperature range of the preheating zone is 485-815 ℃, the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the preheating zone is 7-9 min, the temperature range of the firing zone is 865-1135 ℃, the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the firing zone is 63-65 min, the temperature range of the cooling zone is 80-640 ℃, and the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the cooling zone is 40-45 min.
Preferably, the firing zone sequentially comprises a front temperature zone, a middle temperature zone and a high-temperature heat preservation zone along the kiln discharging direction, the temperature range of the front temperature zone is 865-1080 ℃, the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the front temperature zone is 24-24.5 min, the temperature range of the middle temperature zone is 1080-1105 ℃, the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the middle temperature zone is 9-10 min, the temperature range of the high-temperature heat preservation zone is 1105-1135 ℃, and the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the high-temperature heat preservation zone is 30-30.5 min.
Preferably, in the step C, the digital overglaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 35-40 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-15 parts of albite, 6-10 parts of washed kaolin, 20-25 parts of quartz, 6-10 parts of calcined alumina, 0-2 parts of talc, 2-4 parts of dolomite, 5-9 parts of high barium frit, 1-3 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 20-25 parts of zirconium silicate; wherein the barium content of the high-barium frit is 34-36% by mass.
Preferably, in the step C, the specific gravity of the digital overglaze is 1.5-1.55, and the glaze spraying amount of the digital overglaze is 588-693 g/m2。
Preferably, in the step F, the glaze spraying amount of the bright digital protective glaze is 17-29 g/m2The glaze spraying amount of the matte digital protective glaze is 16-30 g/m2。
Preferably, in the step A, the drying temperature of the primary drying is 120-180 ℃; in the step G, the drying temperature of the third drying is 80-100 ℃, and the drying time of the third drying is 2-4 min.
Preferably, in the step a, the blank comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14-18 parts of ultra-white potassium sand, 4-8 parts of raw talc, 10-18 parts of kaolin, 20-25 parts of high-white potassium sodium sand, 2-6 parts of calcined aluminum powder, 20-29 parts of ball clay, 4-8 parts of water-milled sodium sand, 2-6 parts of ultra-white wollastonite, 0.5-1 part of a curing reinforcing agent and 0.5-1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate.
Preferably, in the step H, the polishing depth of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture is less than 0.01 mm.
The ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture is prepared by the preparation method of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture, the wear resistance of the ceramic rock plate at least reaches 4 grades of 2100 turns, the dry static friction coefficient of the ceramic rock plate is not less than 0.65, and the flatness deviation value of the ceramic rock plate towards the diagonal direction of the kiln discharging direction is not more than 0.5 mm.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can have the following beneficial effects:
1. in order to avoid the mutual influence among textures, the green body needs to be dried for multiple times in the preparation process of the ceramic rock plate, but the higher the ink jet amount of the die ink is, the higher the temperature needed in the drying process is, the more easily the edge of the green body warps, the brick blank warping can influence the brick walking, the flatness of the rock plate finished product can be influenced, and cracks are easily generated on the surface of the rock plate finished product; therefore, the amount of ink to be ejected by the die ink is limited in order to achieve both the texture effect of the die and the flatness of the rock plate.
2. The aluminum content refers to the aluminum element content in the digital overglaze, the wear resistance of the digital overglaze is determined by the aluminum content, and the aluminum content of the digital overglaze is limited, so that the wear resistance of the rock plate finished product is improved; the silicon-aluminum ratio in the digital overglaze influences the wear resistance and the glossiness of the finished rock plate, and the proportion range of the silicon-aluminum ratio of the digital overglaze is limited, so that the glossiness of the ceramic rock plate can reach the qualified standard, and the wear resistance of the finished product can be further improved; because the glazed ceramic rock plate blank is easier to deform during firing, the expansion coefficient of the digital overglaze is limited in order to prevent the fired rock plate finished product from deforming, the flatness of the rock plate finished product is further ensured, and the surface cracking of the rock plate finished product is prevented.
3. Because the drying treatment of high-temperature quick drying can influence the flatness of the green body, the green body is easy to warp and crack, and therefore, in order to further ensure the flatness of the rock plate, the drying mechanism of secondary drying is adjusted to be a low-temperature slow drying mechanism, and the warping and cracking phenomena of the green body in the drying process can be effectively avoided.
4. On the basis of the mould texture of the formation of mould ink, utilize colour ink stack pattern texture layer earlier, recycle the finishing impression ink and arrange the aqueous bright digital protection glaze and the dull and stereotyped digital protection glaze of follow-up printing physically apart to can make the finishing impression texture on protecting the glaze layer, make the unsmooth texture on ceramic rock plate surface can deepen, thereby effectively promote the third dimension and the feeling of rock plate surface unsmooth texture, still be favorable to promoting the antiskid effect on rock plate surface.
5. In order to avoid the phenomenon that bubbles are accumulated at the edge of the glaze layer, the bright digital protective glaze and the matte digital protective glaze are distributed in an ink jet printing mode. Furthermore, two different protective glazes are printed simultaneously, so that the layering sense of the carved textures formed by the bright digital protective glaze and the matte digital protective glaze is favorably improved, and the hand feeling and antifouling performance of the concave-convex textures on the surface of the rock plate are conveniently improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a product of example 1 in a ceramic rock plate having a deep concavo-convex texture according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
A preparation method of a ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex textures comprises the following steps:
A. rolling and forming the blank to obtain a blank body, and then drying the blank body for the first time;
B. b, printing die ink on the surface of the blank body in the step A according to a preset pattern, wherein the ink jet amount of the die ink is 15-45 g/m2；
C. Spraying a digital overglaze on the surface of the blank in the step B, wherein the aluminum content of the digital overglaze is 18.5-21%, the ratio range of the silicon-aluminum ratio of the digital overglaze is 2.6-3, and the expansion coefficient of the digital overglaze is (1.85-1.95) multiplied by 10-6/℃；
D. C, carrying out secondary drying on the blank in the step C, wherein the drying temperature of the secondary drying is 110-120 ℃, and the drying time of the secondary drying is 2-4 min;
E. printing color ink and finishing carving ink on the surface of the blank body in the step D according to a preset pattern;
F. printing a bright digital protective glaze and a matte digital protective glaze on the surface of the blank in the step E;
G. drying the blank body obtained in the step F for three times;
H. and D, firing the blank in the step G in a kiln chamber, and polishing to obtain the ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex textures.
With the continuous improvement of living standard, the application of people to the home space is changed, the individual pattern decoration design and the excellent physicochemical property of the rock plate are pursued, and simultaneously, higher requirements are provided for the surface effect and the real touch of the rock plate. In addition, the existing rock plate is mainly prepared by full-glazed glaze, and although the full-glazed glaze is mainly characterized by good transparency and fresh overall color, the rock plate has poor wear resistance and skid resistance, and is easily scratched by tool marks particularly when the rock plate is used as a tea table, a table top and a kitchen table. Moreover, because the thickness of the ceramic rock plate is very thin, the brick edge is easy to warp in the production process, so that the difficult problem that ceramic production enterprises need to overcome urgently is how to improve the stereoscopic impression of the rock plate texture and improve the wear resistance and the skid resistance of the rock plate on the premise of ensuring the flatness of the ceramic rock plate.
In order to improve the stereoscopic impression of the rock texture and improve the wear-resisting and anti-skid performance of the rock on the premise of ensuring the flatness of the ceramic rock, the technical scheme provides a preparation method of the ceramic rock with deep concave-convex texture, which comprises the following steps:
A. rolling and forming the blank to obtain a blank body, and then drying the blank body for the first time; it should be noted that the blank in step a may be a conventional ceramic rock plate blank, which is not limited herein, and the pressed blank is dried once, which is beneficial to biscuit formation and facilitates smooth proceeding of subsequent processes.
B. B, printing mold ink on the surface of the blank body in the step A according to a preset pattern, and physically discharging the subsequently sprayed water-based digital overglaze by using the mold ink with a texture pattern, so that mold textures can be formed on the digital overglaze layer; specifically, the ink jet amount of the die ink in the scheme is 15-45 g/m2When the ink jet amount of the die ink is smaller, the die texture formed by the digital overglaze layer is lighter, and conversely, the die texture is deeper. In order to avoid the mutual influence among textures, the green body needs to be dried for multiple times in the preparation process of the ceramic rock plate, but the higher the ink jet amount of the die ink is, the higher the temperature needed in the drying process is, the more easily the edge of the green body warps, the brick blank warping can influence the brick walking, the flatness of the rock plate finished product can be influenced, and cracks are easily generated on the surface of the rock plate finished product; therefore, in order to simultaneously consider the texture effect and the rock plate flatness of the mold, the ink jet quantity of the mold ink is limited to 15-45 g/m2。
C. Spraying on the surface of the blank in the step BCoating the digital overglaze, and utilizing the mould ink to open the digital overglaze to form mould grains with concave-convex sinking effect; specifically, the aluminum content of the digital overglaze in the scheme is 18.5-21%, the proportion range of the silicon-aluminum ratio of the digital overglaze is 2.6-3, and the expansion coefficient of the digital overglaze is (1.85-1.95) multiplied by 10-6/° c; the aluminum content refers to the aluminum element content in the digital overglaze, and the wear resistance of the digital overglaze is determined by the aluminum content in the digital overglaze, so that the aluminum content of the digital overglaze is limited to 18.5-21%, and the wear resistance of a rock plate finished product is favorably improved; the silicon-aluminum ratio in the digital overglaze influences the wear resistance and the glossiness of the finished rock plate, the scheme limits the proportion range of the silicon-aluminum ratio of the digital overglaze to 2.6-3, is favorable for ensuring that the glossiness of the ceramic rock plate reaches the qualified standard, and simultaneously further improves the wear resistance of the finished product; because the glazed ceramic rock plate blank is easier to deform during firing, in order to prevent the fired rock plate finished product from deforming, the technical scheme limits the expansion coefficient of the digital overglaze, further ensures the flatness of the rock plate finished product and prevents the surface of the rock plate finished product from cracking. The expansion coefficient of the digital overglaze is specifically defined as the expansion coefficient from room temperature to 400 ℃ or from room temperature to 600 ℃.
D. C, performing secondary drying on the blank in the step C, wherein the drying temperature of the secondary drying is 110-120 ℃, and the drying time of the secondary drying is 2-4 min; because the drying process of high-temperature quick drying can influence the roughness of body, causes the body to warp and ftracture easily, consequently, in order to further ensure the rock plate roughness, this scheme adjusts the drying mechanism of secondary drying, adjusts it to the drying mechanism of low temperature slow drying to can effectively avoid the body to warp and the fracture phenomenon that takes place in the drying process.
E. Printing color ink on the surface of the blank body in the step D according to a preset pattern to form a pattern texture layer, and printing fine engraving ink on the surface of the pattern texture layer according to the preset pattern to form a fine engraving ink layer; this scheme utilizes colour ink stack pattern texture layer earlier on the basis of the mould texture of the formation of mould ink, recycles the finishing impression ink and arranges the follow-up waterborne bright digital protection glaze and the digital protection glaze of matte of printing physically apart to can make the finishing impression texture on protecting the glaze layer, make the unsmooth texture on ceramic rock plate surface deepen, thereby effectively promote the third dimension and the feeling of the unsmooth texture of rock plate surface, still be favorable to promoting the antiskid effect on rock plate surface.
It should be noted that, in this technical scheme, the preset pattern of the color ink and the preset pattern of the finishing impression ink may be in one-to-one correspondence, or may not be in correspondence, and the technical staff may determine the preset pattern of the color ink and the finishing impression ink according to the actual production requirement of the tile, and the color ink and the finishing impression ink in this technical scheme are the color ink commonly used in the art for forming the pattern texture and the finishing impression ink for discharging the aqueous glazes for forming the finishing impression texture. In order to further improve the organic combination between the pattern texture effect and the carved texture effect of the rock plate, the technical scheme also arranges the color ink and the carved ink in different channels of the same ink jet machine, and utilizes one ink jet machine to complete the printing of the color ink and the carved ink, thereby facilitating the accurate alignment of the pattern; because the pattern printing of the ink jet machine is controlled by the software program, the patterns of the color ink and the carved ink can be changed by changing the software program, so that the ink jet machine is convenient and quick, and is more favorable for reducing the production cost.
F. Printing a bright digital protective glaze and a matte digital protective glaze on the surface of the blank in the step E; because the density of the ceramic rock plate blank formed by rolling is higher, if the glaze moisture applied on the surface of the blank is larger, the glaze moisture is difficult to discharge from the blank, the phenomenon that the edge of a glaze layer is accumulated into bubbles is easily caused, and the glaze with larger moisture content is needed no matter the glaze is applied by using a glaze spraying or glaze spraying mode, so that the bright digital protection glaze and the matte digital protection glaze are applied by using an ink jet printer printing mode in order to avoid the phenomenon that the edge of the glaze layer is accumulated into bubbles. Furthermore, two different protective glazes are printed simultaneously, so that the layering sense of the carved textures formed by the bright digital protective glaze and the matte digital protective glaze is favorably improved, and the hand feeling and antifouling performance of the concave-convex textures on the surface of the rock plate are conveniently improved.
It should be noted that the bright digital protective glaze and the matte digital protective glaze in the technical solution are digital protective glazes commonly used in the field, and are not limited herein. In order to further reduce the production cost, the technical scheme also arranges the bright digital protective glaze and the matte digital protective glaze in different channels of the same ink jet printer, and finishes the printing of the bright digital protective glaze and the matte digital protective glaze by utilizing one ink jet printer.
G. Drying the blank body obtained in the step F for three times; the third drying treatment mainly has the effect of drying the surfaces of the bright digital protective glaze and the matte digital protective glaze, so that the phenomenon that the decorative effect of the rock plate is influenced due to the fact that the surfaces of the blanks are dirty in the brick moving process is avoided.
H. And D, firing the blank in the step G in a kiln chamber, and polishing to obtain the ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex textures.
Preferably, a step of spraying a base coat is further included between the step A and the step B: and B, spraying and coating a base coat on the surface of the blank in the step A to form a base coat layer. The arrangement of the ground coat layer can cover the blank body, so that the blank body is prevented from influencing the pattern texture of the color ink, and the color development effect of the pattern texture is further improved. It should be noted that the ground coat in the technical scheme can be prepared by the existing ceramic ground coat formula which can cover the color of the blank.
Preferably, a centering step can be further included before the step B, the step E and the step F, and the blank is centered by using a centering machine, which is beneficial to further improving the accurate alignment of the pattern.
In step H, the kiln chamber sequentially includes a preheating zone, a burning zone, and a cooling zone along the kiln discharging direction; the temperature range of the preheating zone is 485-815 ℃, the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the preheating zone is 7-9 min, the temperature range of the firing zone is 865-1135 ℃, the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the firing zone is 63-65 min, the temperature range of the cooling zone is 80-640 ℃, and the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the cooling zone is 40-45 min.
Further, the firing zone sequentially comprises a front temperature zone, a middle temperature zone and a high-temperature heat preservation zone along the kiln discharging direction, the temperature range of the front temperature zone is 865-1080 ℃, the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the front temperature zone is 24-24.5 min, the temperature range of the middle temperature zone is 1080-1105 ℃, the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the middle temperature zone is 9-10 min, the temperature range of the high-temperature heat preservation zone is 1105-1135 ℃, and the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the high-temperature heat preservation zone is 30-30.5 min.
In order to organically combine the deep-etching concave-convex texture effect with the high-flatness ceramic rock plate with a small thickness, the scheme also optimizes the firing mechanism of the ceramic rock plate, and further avoids the phenomena of deformation and cracking of the fired rock plate finished product.
Further, in the step C, the digital overglaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 35-40 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-15 parts of albite, 6-10 parts of washed kaolin, 20-25 parts of quartz, 6-10 parts of calcined alumina, 0-2 parts of talc, 2-4 parts of dolomite, 5-9 parts of high barium frit, 1-3 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 20-25 parts of zirconium silicate.
In a preferred embodiment of the technical scheme, the digital overglaze comprises the following raw materials: 35-40 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-15 parts of albite, 6-10 parts of washed kaolin, 20-25 parts of quartz, 6-10 parts of calcined alumina, 0-2 parts of talc, 2-4 parts of dolomite, 5-9 parts of high barium frit, 1-3 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 20-25 parts of zirconium silicate; wherein the barium content of the high-barium frit is 34-36% by mass. Specifically, the potassium feldspar can promote the red color development in the color ink and can increase the expansion coefficient of the digital overglaze; albite can promote yellow color development in the color ink, and can increase the expansion coefficient of the digital overglaze; the kaolin washed by water can effectively improve the suspension property of the glaze slip and the firing temperature of the glaze; the addition of quartz is beneficial to promoting color development, and simultaneously, the firing temperature and the expansion coefficient of the glaze can be improved; the calcined alumina is beneficial to improving the firing temperature of the overglaze formula and can improve the whiteness and the wear resistance of the overglaze; the introduction of the talc is used for adjusting the firing system of the overglaze; the addition of dolomite can reduce the initial melting point of the glaze and the expansion coefficient of the glaze; the high barium frit can promote the red color development in the color ink and reduce the expansion coefficient of the digital overglaze; the calcined zinc oxide mainly plays a role in fluxing and can promote the red color development in the color ink; the zirconium silicate mainly plays a role in whitening and can effectively reduce the expansion coefficient of the digital overglaze.
In step C, the specific gravity of the digital overglaze is 1.5-1.55, and the glaze spraying amount of the digital overglaze is 588-693 g/m2。
In order to ensure that the die texture formed on the digital overglaze layer in the technical scheme has certain stereoscopic impression, the glazing amount of the digital overglaze is preferably 588-693 g/m2The specific gravity of the digital overglaze is limited to 1.5-1.55, so that the phenomenon that the water content of the digital overglaze is too large is effectively avoided, the drying effect of secondary drying is ensured, the ink of the die has a fine stripping effect, the atomization effect of the digital overglaze is favorably ensured, and the uniform spraying of the digital overglaze is ensured.
Furthermore, in the step F, the glaze spraying amount of the bright digital protective glaze is 17-29 g/m2The glaze spraying amount of the matte digital protective glaze is 16-30 g/m2。
In a preferred embodiment of the technical scheme, the glaze spraying amount of the bright digital protective glaze and the matte digital protective glaze is limited, so that the refined texture formed by the digital protective glaze layer is more delicate in hand feeling and better in antifouling effect.
Further, in the step A, the drying temperature of the primary drying is 120-180 ℃; in the step G, the drying temperature of the third drying is 80-100 ℃, and the drying time of the third drying is 2-4 min. In the technical scheme, relevant parameters of primary drying and tertiary drying are limited, so that the phenomena of deformation and cracking of a fired rock plate finished product are avoided.
Further, in the step a, the blank comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14-18 parts of ultra-white potassium sand, 4-8 parts of raw talc, 10-18 parts of kaolin, 20-25 parts of high-white potassium sodium sand, 2-6 parts of calcined aluminum powder, 20-29 parts of ball clay, 4-8 parts of water-milled sodium sand, 2-6 parts of ultra-white wollastonite, 0.5-1 part of a curing reinforcing agent and 0.5-1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate. The blank formula is favorable for improving the whiteness of the blank, avoiding the influence of the blank on the pattern texture of the color ink and further improving the color development effect of the pattern texture.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the kaolin may be washed with water, and the ball clay may be high white ball clay. In the blank raw materials of the embodiment, the ultra-white potassium sand, the high-white potassium sodium sand, the high-white ball clay and the ultra-white wollastonite are commercially available products, and the blank raw materials with different whiteness can be purchased according to the actual formula requirements. The curing reinforcing agent used in the scheme is a blank reinforcing agent of Dada glaze-making technology limited company in Fushan City.
In step H, the polishing depth of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture is less than 0.01 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the technical scheme, the polishing depth of the ceramic rock plate is less than 0.01mm, so that the deep concave-convex texture on the surface of the rock plate is prevented from being weakened by excessive polishing.
The ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture is prepared by the preparation method of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture, the wear resistance of the ceramic rock plate at least reaches 4 grades of 2100 turns, the dry static friction coefficient of the ceramic rock plate is not less than 0.65, and the flatness deviation value of the ceramic rock plate towards the diagonal direction of the kiln discharging direction is not more than 0.5 mm.
The technical scheme also provides the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture, which is prepared by the preparation method of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture, the surface of the ceramic rock plate has the deep concave-convex texture, the stereoscopic impression is strong, the flatness is high, the value of the flatness deviation in the diagonal direction of the ceramic rock plate towards the kiln outlet direction is less than or equal to 0.5mm, the ceramic rock plate also has excellent wear resistance and skid resistance, the wear resistance can reach at least 2100 turns at 4 levels, and the dry static friction coefficient is more than or equal to 0.65.
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments.
Example 1-preparation of a ceramic rock plate having deep concavo-convex texture
A. Pressing the blank into a blank body through roll forming, and then carrying out primary drying at the drying temperature of 160 ℃, wherein the blank comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14 parts of ultra-white potassium sand, 4 parts of raw talc, 10 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of high-white potassium sodium sand, 2 parts of calcined aluminum powder, 20 parts of ball clay, 4 parts of water-milled sodium sand, 2 parts of ultra-white wollastonite, 0.5 part of curing reinforcing agent and 0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate;
B. b, printing die ink on the surface of the blank body in the step A according to a preset pattern, wherein the ink jet amount of the die ink is 15g/m2；
C. Spraying a digital overglaze on the surface of the blank in the step B, wherein the aluminum content of the digital overglaze is 18.5 percent, the proportion range of the silicon-aluminum ratio is 2.6, and the expansion coefficient is 1.85 multiplied by 10-6/° c; the specific gravity of the digital overglaze is 1.5, and the glaze spraying amount is 600g/m2；
D. C, carrying out secondary drying on the blank in the step C, wherein the drying temperature of the secondary drying is 120 ℃, and the drying time is 2 min;
E. printing color ink and finishing carving ink on the surface of the blank body in the step D according to a preset pattern;
F. printing a bright digital protective glaze and a matte digital protective glaze on the surface of the blank in the step E; wherein the glaze spraying amount of the bright digital protective glaze is 20g/m2The glaze spraying amount of the matte digital protective glaze is 25g/m2；
G. C, drying the blank body obtained in the step F for three times, wherein the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 4 min;
H. and D, firing the blank in the step G in a kiln chamber, and polishing to a polishing depth of 0.009mm to obtain the ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex texture. Wherein the kiln chamber sequentially comprises a preheating zone, a burning zone and a cooling zone along the kiln discharging direction; the temperature range of the preheating zone is 485-815 ℃, the brick walking time is 7.35min, the firing zone sequentially comprises a front temperature zone, a middle temperature zone and a high-temperature heat preservation zone along the kiln discharging direction, the temperature range of the front temperature zone is 865-1080 ℃, the brick walking time is 24.05min, the temperature range of the middle temperature zone is 1120-1180 ℃, the brick walking time is 9.5min, the temperature range of the high-temperature heat preservation zone is 1205-1135 ℃, the brick walking time is 30.1min, the temperature range of the cooling zone is 80-640 ℃, and the brick walking time is 40.06 min.
Example 2-method for preparing a ceramic rock plate having deep concavo-convex texture
A. Pressing the blank into a blank body through roll forming, and then carrying out primary drying at the drying temperature of 160 ℃, wherein the blank comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14 parts of ultra-white potassium sand, 4 parts of raw talc, 10 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of high-white potassium sodium sand, 2 parts of calcined aluminum powder, 20 parts of ball clay, 4 parts of water-milled sodium sand, 2 parts of ultra-white wollastonite, 0.5 part of curing reinforcing agent and 0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate;
B. b, printing die ink on the surface of the blank body in the step A according to a preset pattern, wherein the ink jet amount of the die ink is 30g/m2；
C. Spraying a digital overglaze on the surface of the blank in the step B, wherein the digital overglaze has 21 percent of aluminum content, 3 percent of silicon-aluminum ratio and 1.95 multiplied by 10 of expansion coefficient-6/° c; the specific gravity of the digital overglaze is 1.5, and the glaze spraying amount is 600g/m2；
D. C, carrying out secondary drying on the blank in the step C, wherein the drying temperature of the secondary drying is 115 ℃, and the drying time is 3 min;
E. printing color ink and finishing carving ink on the surface of the blank body in the step D according to a preset pattern;
F. printing a bright digital protective glaze and a matte digital protective glaze on the surface of the blank in the step E; wherein the glaze spraying amount of the bright digital protective glaze is 20g/m2The glaze spraying amount of the matte digital protective glaze is 25g/m2；
G. C, drying the blank body obtained in the step F for three times, wherein the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 4 min;
H. and D, firing the blank in the step G in a kiln chamber, and polishing with the polishing depth of 0.007mm to obtain the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture. Wherein the kiln chamber sequentially comprises a preheating zone, a burning zone and a cooling zone along the kiln discharging direction; the temperature range of the preheating zone is 485-815 ℃, the brick walking time is 7.35min, the firing zone sequentially comprises a front temperature zone, a middle temperature zone and a high-temperature heat preservation zone along the kiln discharging direction, the temperature range of the front temperature zone is 865-1080 ℃, the brick walking time is 24.05min, the temperature range of the middle temperature zone is 1120-1180 ℃, the brick walking time is 9.5min, the temperature range of the high-temperature heat preservation zone is 1205-1135 ℃, the brick walking time is 30.1min, the temperature range of the cooling zone is 80-640 ℃, and the brick walking time is 40.06 min.
Example 3-method for preparing a ceramic rock plate having a deep concave-convex texture
A. Pressing the blank into a blank body through roll forming, and then carrying out primary drying at the drying temperature of 160 ℃, wherein the blank comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14 parts of ultra-white potassium sand, 4 parts of raw talc, 10 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of high-white potassium sodium sand, 2 parts of calcined aluminum powder, 20 parts of ball clay, 4 parts of water-milled sodium sand, 2 parts of ultra-white wollastonite, 0.5 part of curing reinforcing agent and 0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate;
B. b, printing die ink on the surface of the blank body in the step A according to a preset pattern, wherein the ink jet amount of the die ink is 45g/m2；
C. Spraying a digital overglaze on the surface of the blank in the step B, wherein the digital overglaze has 20 percent of aluminum content, 2.8 percent of silicon-aluminum ratio and 1.9 multiplied by 10 of expansion coefficient-6/° c; the specific gravity of the digital overglaze is 1.5, and the glaze spraying amount is 600g/m2；
D. C, carrying out secondary drying on the blank in the step C, wherein the drying temperature of the secondary drying is 110 ℃, and the drying time is 4 min;
E. printing color ink and finishing carving ink on the surface of the blank body in the step D according to a preset pattern;
F. printing a bright digital protective glaze and a matte digital protective glaze on the surface of the blank in the step E; wherein the glaze spraying amount of the bright digital protective glaze is 20g/m2The glaze spraying amount of the matte digital protective glaze is 25g/m2；
G. C, drying the blank body obtained in the step F for three times, wherein the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 4 min;
H. and D, firing the blank in the step G in a kiln chamber, and polishing with the polishing depth of 0.005mm to obtain the ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex textures. Wherein the kiln chamber sequentially comprises a preheating zone, a burning zone and a cooling zone along the kiln discharging direction; the temperature range of the preheating zone is 485-815 ℃, the brick walking time is 7.35min, the firing zone sequentially comprises a front temperature zone, a middle temperature zone and a high-temperature heat preservation zone along the kiln discharging direction, the temperature range of the front temperature zone is 865-1080 ℃, the brick walking time is 24.05min, the temperature range of the middle temperature zone is 1120-1180 ℃, the brick walking time is 9.5min, the temperature range of the high-temperature heat preservation zone is 1205-1135 ℃, the brick walking time is 30.1min, the temperature range of the cooling zone is 80-640 ℃, and the brick walking time is 40.06 min.
Respectively adopting different preparation methods in the embodiment to prepare the ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex texture, observing the surface effect of the ceramic rock plate, and carrying out the following performance tests on the obtained ceramic rock plate:
1. and (3) determining the wear resistance: GB/T3810.7-2016, part 7 of the ceramic tile testing method: the method for testing the wear resistance of the glazed surface of the glazed tile tests the wear resistance of the glazed surface of the product, and the wear resistance of the ceramic tile is evaluated by placing a grinding medium on the glazed surface and rotating the glazed surface and observing and comparing a worn sample with an unworn sample.
2. Dry static friction coefficient determination: the dry static friction coefficient of the surface of the ceramic tile is measured by a method of pulling a sliding block by using a method of measuring the friction coefficient of the standard appendix of the GB/T4100-2015 ceramic tile.
3. And (3) flatness measurement: flatness deviation values in the diagonal direction of the ceramic slates in the direction of exit from the kiln were measured according to methods of GB/T4100-2015 and GB/T3810.2.
The results are shown in Table 1 below:
from the performance test results of the embodiments in the above table, it can be seen that the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture prepared by the preparation method of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture according to the technical scheme has the deep concave-convex texture on the surface, strong stereoscopic impression and high flatness, the flatness deviation value of the ceramic rock plate in the diagonal direction towards the kiln discharging direction is less than or equal to 0.5mm, the ceramic rock plate also has excellent wear resistance and anti-slip performance, the wear resistance can reach at least 2100 turns at 4, and the dry static friction coefficient is greater than or equal to 0.65.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex textures is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. rolling and forming the blank to obtain a blank body, and then drying the blank body for the first time;
B. b, printing die ink on the surface of the blank body in the step A according to a preset pattern, wherein the ink jet amount of the die ink is 30 or 45g/m2；
C. Spraying a digital overglaze on the surface of the blank in the step B, wherein the aluminum content of the digital overglaze is 18.5-21%, the ratio range of the silicon-aluminum ratio of the digital overglaze is 2.6-3, and the expansion coefficient of the digital overglaze is (1.85-1.95) multiplied by 10-6/℃；
D. C, carrying out secondary drying on the blank in the step C, wherein the drying temperature of the secondary drying is 110-120 ℃, and the drying time of the secondary drying is 2-4 min;
E. printing color ink and finishing carving ink on the surface of the blank body in the step D according to a preset pattern;
F. printing a bright digital protective glaze and a matte digital protective glaze on the surface of the blank in the step E;
G. drying the blank body obtained in the step F for three times;
H. and D, firing the blank in the step G in a kiln chamber, and polishing to obtain the ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex textures.
2. The method for preparing a ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex texture as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step H, the kiln chamber comprises a preheating zone, a burning zone and a cooling zone in sequence along the kiln discharge direction; the temperature range of the preheating zone is 485-815 ℃, the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the preheating zone is 7-9 min, the temperature range of the firing zone is 865-1135 ℃, the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the firing zone is 63-65 min, the temperature range of the cooling zone is 80-640 ℃, and the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the cooling zone is 40-45 min.
3. The method for preparing the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture is characterized in that the firing zone sequentially comprises a front temperature zone, a middle temperature zone and a high-temperature heat preservation zone along the kiln discharging direction, the temperature range of the front temperature zone is 865-1080 ℃, the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the front temperature zone is 24-24.5 min, the temperature range of the middle temperature zone is 1080-1105 ℃, the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the middle temperature zone is 9-10 min, the temperature range of the high-temperature heat preservation zone is 1105-1135 ℃, and the brick walking time of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture in the high-temperature heat preservation zone is 30-30.5 min.
4. The method for preparing a ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex texture as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step C, the digital overglaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 35-40 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-15 parts of albite, 6-10 parts of washed kaolin, 20-25 parts of quartz, 6-10 parts of calcined alumina, 0-2 parts of talc, 2-4 parts of dolomite, 5-9 parts of high barium frit, 1-3 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 20-25 parts of zirconium silicate; wherein the barium content of the high-barium frit is 34-36% by mass.
5. The method for preparing a ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex texture as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step C, the specific gravity of the digital overglaze is 1.5-1.55, and the glaze spraying amount of the digital overglaze is 588～693g/m2。
6. The method for preparing a ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex texture as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step F, the glaze spraying amount of the bright digital protective glaze is 17-29 g/m2The glaze spraying amount of the matte digital protective glaze is 16-30 g/m2。
7. The method for preparing a ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex texture as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step A, the drying temperature of the primary drying is 120-180 ℃; in the step G, the drying temperature of the third drying is 80-100 ℃, and the drying time of the third drying is 2-4 min.
8. The method for preparing a ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex texture as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step H, the polishing depth of the ceramic rock plate with deep concave-convex texture is less than 0.01 mm.
9. The ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of the ceramic rock plate with the deep concave-convex texture, according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the abrasion resistance of the ceramic rock plate reaches at least 2100 turns of 4 grades, the dry static friction coefficient of the ceramic rock plate is not less than 0.65, and the flatness deviation value of the ceramic rock plate in the diagonal direction towards the kiln outlet direction is not more than 0.5 mm.
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