CN113661806A - Multipurpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean precision seeder and seeding test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean precision seeder and a seeding test device, which relate to the technical field of agricultural machinery and solve the problems that the seeder has poor adaptability to miscellaneous beans of different varieties and different sizes, cannot realize multiple purposes of one machine, has low utilization rate of the seeder, low degree of mechanization, low operation efficiency, low seeding precision, complex structure, non-universality and the like, and comprises the following steps: the invention relates to a seeding device for miscellaneous beans, which comprises a trolley and a test bed, wherein the lower surface of the trolley is connected with the test bed through a trolley driving wheel and a trolley driven wheel, an air suction seed sowing device and a seed throwing device connected with the air suction seed sowing device are arranged in the trolley, the upper surface of the trolley is connected with a seed box, one side of the trolley is connected with a control box, the other side of the trolley is connected with a negative pressure fan, and the negative pressure fan and the air suction seed sowing device are connected through an air pipe.

Description

Multipurpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean precision seeder and seeding test device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multipurpose air-aspiration type miscellaneous bean precision seeder and a seeding test device.

Background

The sowing of mixed beans such as soybeans, kidney beans, mung beans, small beans, black beans and the like is still in the laggard stage of manual, animal and seeder combined use, and the speed, the precision and the intelligent water level of the mixed bean seeder in China have certain gaps compared with developed countries. To narrow the gap, the method must break through each key technology item by item, the precision seeding process of the mixed beans is a system engineering, and comprises three main links of seed metering, seed throwing and implantation, and all links are closely related and mutually influenced. To obtain higher seeding performance, i.e., good qualification index, rebroadcasting index, miss-seeding index, seed spacing variation coefficient, etc., the precision of each link must be pursued, so that the seeding level of each link must be improved.

The existing seeder has poor adaptability to the mixed beans of different varieties and different sizes, can not realize multiple purposes of one machine, the seed guide pipe of the seeder can not meet the requirement of accurate seed conveying during high-speed seeding, a novel seed delivery mechanism suitable for high-speed seeding operation is needed, for high-speed seeding, a seed conveying device based on a secondary seed delivery method is an important means for ensuring uniform seeding grain distance, and in order to improve the seeding quality of high-speed operation, a hairbrush type seed guide device and a conveyor belt type seed guide device are invented abroad, but the problems of complex structure, non-universality and the like exist, and the formation of the production scale of the mixed beans is severely restricted.

In conclusion, the current seeder has the problems of low utilization rate, low degree of mechanization, complex structure, low operation efficiency, low seeding precision, non-universality among different types of beans and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multipurpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean precision seeding test device, aiming at the problems of low utilization rate, low degree of mechanization, complex structure, low operation efficiency, low seeding precision, non-universality among different kinds of beans and the like of the current seeder.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean precision seeder, wherein, includes: air suction seed metering ware 3, throw kind of device 9, seed case 4, control box 1 and negative-pressure air fan 6, the below of air suction seed metering ware 3 is equipped with throw kind of device 9, the upper end of air suction seed metering ware 3 is connected with seed case 4, and air suction seed metering ware 3 and negative-pressure air fan 6 are connected through tuber pipe 5, air suction seed metering ware 3 negative-pressure air fan 6 with throw kind of device 9 all with control box 1 is connected, air suction seed metering ware 3 includes: air suction seed metering ware 3, throw kind of device 9, seed case 4 and negative-pressure air fan 6, throw kind of device 9 and locate air suction seed metering ware 3's below, air suction seed metering ware 3's upper end is connected with seed case 4, and air suction seed metering ware 3 and negative-pressure air fan 6 pass through tuber pipe 5 and connect, and air suction seed metering ware 3 includes: coaxial and the seed metering driven disk 40 and the seed metering drive disk 41 that laminate each other and set up follow seed metering drive disk 41 circumferencial direction is equipped with a plurality of second through-holes, follows seed metering driven disk 40 circumferencial direction is equipped with a plurality of first through-holes, each first through-hole and one the second through-hole surrounds and forms one and miscellaneous beans assorted type hole, throw kind of device 9 and include: a first chain wheel 98, a second chain wheel 99 and a first chain 96, wherein the first chain 96 is arranged around the first chain wheel 98 and the second chain wheel 99, each chain link of the first chain 96 is connected with a seed spoon 97, and the first chain wheel 98 is connected with a disk driving shaft chain wheel 38 of the air suction seeder 3 through a second chain 92.

The multipurpose air-suction type bean precision seeder comprises the following components in parts by weight: the air-suction seed metering device comprises an air-suction seed metering device shell 35, an air-suction seed metering device shell end cover 36 and a seed disk driving shaft 37, wherein the air-suction seed metering device shell 35 and the air-suction seed metering device shell end cover 36 are connected in a surrounding manner to form an accommodating cavity, the seed disk driving shaft 37 is installed in a first through hole of the air-suction seed metering device shell 35, a driven disk 40 and a driving disk 41 are arranged in the accommodating cavity, the driven disk 40 and the driving disk 41 are connected with one end of the seed disk driving shaft 37, the other end of the seed disk driving shaft 37 is connected with a seed disk driving shaft chain wheel 38, an air pipe 5 is connected with the air-suction seed metering device shell end cover 36, and a seed box 4 is communicated with the accommodating cavity.

The multipurpose air-suction type bean precision seeder comprises the following components in parts by weight: the seed discharging device comprises a seed cavity stirring wheel 39 and a seed discharging block 42, the air suction seed metering device shell 35 is connected with the seed discharging block 42, the air suction seed metering device shell end cover 36 is connected with the seed cavity stirring wheel 39, a cylindrical bulge is arranged on a seed metering driving disc 41, and the seed metering driving disc 41 drives the seed cavity stirring wheel 39 to rotate through the cylindrical bulge.

The multipurpose air-suction type bean precision seeder comprises the following components in parts by weight: the seed sowing device comprises a gland 31, an adjusting knob 32 and a lower eccentric seed clearing rod 33, wherein the middle part of the lower eccentric seed clearing rod 33 is arranged in a second through hole of a pneumatic suction seed sowing device shell 35, one end of the lower eccentric seed clearing rod 33 is connected with the adjusting knob 32, the other end of the lower eccentric seed clearing rod 33 can be operably abutted against the seed sowing driving disc 11, and the gland 31 is connected with the pneumatic suction seed sowing device shell 35.

The multipurpose air-suction type bean precision seeder comprises the following components in parts by weight: a seed loading mechanism 34 coupled to the air-aspiration seed meter housing 35, the seed loading mechanism 34 comprising: the seed cleaning mechanism fixing plate 351, the seed cleaning gap adjusting eccentric plate 352, the seed cleaning tongue floating spring piece 356 and the seed cleaning tongue 357 are connected with the air suction seed metering device shell 35, the seed cleaning mechanism fixing plate 351, the seed cleaning gap adjusting eccentric plate 352 and the seed cleaning tongue floating spring piece 356 are connected through a hexagon bolt 355 and a hexagon nut 353, a cylindrical spiral compression spring 354 is sleeved on the hexagon bolt 355, and the seed cleaning tongue 357 and the seed cleaning tongue floating spring piece 356 are connected.

In the above multi-purpose pneumatic precision seeder for mixed beans, the seed discharge driven disk 40 and the seed discharge driving disk 41 are connected by at least two screws and nuts, and the seed discharge driven disk 40 is operable to rotate relative to the seed discharge driving disk 41.

Foretell multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous beans precision planter, wherein, the cover is equipped with the axle sleeve on the pole 33 of clearing seeds of eccentric lower, be equipped with an annular spacing frid in the second through-hole of air-suction seed metering ware casing 35, a side of axle sleeve support in annular spacing frid, it is equipped with spring portion still to overlap on the pole 33 of clearing seeds of eccentric lower, and the one end of spring portion support in gland 31, the other end of spring portion supports in another side of axle sleeve.

The above-mentioned multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous beans precision planter, wherein, throw kind of device 9 and still include: the upper portion of the guard shield 95 is provided with an opening, the opening is arranged below the seed discharging block 42, and the first chain wheel 98 and the second chain wheel 99 are arranged in the guard shield 95.

The utility model provides an above-mentioned multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous beans precision planter, wherein, a plurality of on the first chain 96 seed spoon 97 sets up end to end in order, first chain 96 is in along the spoon end direction of pointing of each kind of spoon 97 on first sprocket 98 with the last operatable rotation of second sprocket 99, each section chain link of first chain 96 and one seed spoon 97 is connected through a pair of screw nut that matches each other.

The utility model provides a miscellaneous beans precision planter of multi-purpose air-suction type, includes foretell miscellaneous beans precision planter of multi-purpose air-suction type, wherein, still includes: test bench 10 with locate the dolly 2 of test bench 10 upper surface, the air suction seed metering ware 3 seed throwing device 9 control box 1 with negative-pressure air fan 6 all with dolly 2 is connected, the lower surface of dolly is connected with and passes through 1 driven dolly action wheel 7 of control box and dolly follower 11, the dolly passes through dolly action wheel 7 with dolly follower 11 with test bench 10 is the active swing joint, and each bight and the universal wheel 8 that has brake equipment of test bench 10's lower surface are connected.

Due to the adoption of the technology, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:

(1) the seeding device adapts to the seeding requirements of the mixed beans with different specifications by adjusting the size of the shaped hole of the seeding device, and realizes the adjustability of the size of the shaped hole of the seeding device by adjusting the overlapping angle of the driving disc and the driven disc with the square-hole seeding disc, seeds with different sizes can be seeded, and the multifunction of one machine is realized;

(2) the pneumatic seeding device and the seed feeding device coordinate to complete five main links of seed filling, seed scraping, seed guiding, seed feeding and implantation, a large amount of manpower and animal power is not needed, the labor cost and the time cost are reduced, the degree of mechanization is high, the operation efficiency is high, and the seeding precision is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-purpose air-aspiration type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the multipurpose air-aspiration type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a seed feeding device of the multipurpose air-aspiration type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an air-suction seed metering device of the multipurpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for mixed beans.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the air-suction seed metering device of the multipurpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans.

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of the air-suction seeding apparatus of the multipurpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the hole of the air-suction seeding apparatus of the multipurpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for mixed beans.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a seed discharging block of the multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a side view of a seed discharging block of the multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a seed spoon of the multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a side view of a seed spoon of the multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a seed-metering driving disk of the multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a seed discharge passive plate of the multi-purpose air-aspiration type precision seeding test device for beans of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a seed feeding mechanism of the multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans.

FIG. 15 is a schematic top view of a seed-dressing mechanism of the multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for beans according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a seed-feeding mechanism fixing plate of the seed-feeding mechanism of the multi-purpose air-aspiration type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans.

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of a seed cleaning tongue floating spring piece of a seed cleaning mechanism of the multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for beans.

FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a seed cleaning tongue of a seed cleaning mechanism of the multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a top view schematically showing a seed cleaning tongue of a seed cleaning mechanism of the multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic structural view of a seed cleaning gap adjusting eccentric plate of the multi-purpose air-aspiration type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans.

FIG. 21 is a side view of a seed cleaning gap adjusting eccentric plate of the multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a view showing an embodiment of the multi-purpose air-aspiration type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans according to the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a connection diagram of an embodiment of the multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans according to the present invention.

In the drawings: 1. a control box; 2. a trolley; 3. an air suction seed sowing device; 31. a gland; 32. adjusting a knob; 33. a lower eccentric seed cleaning rod; 34. a seed cleaning mechanism; 35. a suction seed metering device shell; 351. a seed cleaning mechanism fixing plate; 352. seed cleaning gap adjusting eccentric plate; 353. a hexagonal nut; 354. a cylindrical helical compression spring; 355. a hexagon bolt; 356. cleaning the floating spring leaf of the seed tongue; 357. cleaning the tongue; 36. an end cover of a shell of the air suction seed sowing device; 37. a disk drive shaft; 38. a disk drive shaft sprocket; 39. a seed cavity stirring wheel; 40. a seed sowing driven disc; 41. a seed-metering driving disk; 42. unloading the seed blocks; 4. a seed box; 5. an air duct; 6. a negative pressure fan; 7. a trolley driving wheel; 8. a universal wheel; 9. a seed throwing device; 92. a second chain; 95. a shield; 96. a first chain; 97. seed spoon; 98. a first sprocket; 99. a second sprocket; 10. a test bed; 11. the dolly follower.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

Referring to fig. 1 to 23, there is shown a multi-purpose air-suction type hybrid bean precision seeder, comprising: air suction seed metering ware 3, throw kind of device 9, seed case 4, control box 1 and negative-pressure air fan 6, the below of air suction seed metering ware 3 is equipped with throws kind of device 9, and the upper end of air suction seed metering ware 3 is connected with seed case 4, and air suction seed metering ware 3 and negative-pressure air fan 6 are connected through tuber pipe 5, and air suction seed metering ware 3, negative-pressure air fan 6 all are connected with control box 1 with throwing kind of device 9, and air suction seed metering ware 3 includes: air suction seed metering ware 3, throw kind of device 9, seed case 4 and negative-pressure air fan 6, throw kind of device 9 and locate air suction seed metering ware 3's below, air suction seed metering ware 3's upper end is connected with seed case 4, and air suction seed metering ware 3 and negative-pressure air fan 6 pass through tuber pipe 5 to be connected, and air suction seed metering ware 3 includes: the coaxial and seed metering driven disk 40 and the seed metering drive disk 41 that laminate each other and set up are equipped with a plurality of second through-holes along seed metering drive disk 41 circumferencial direction, are equipped with a plurality of first through-holes along seed metering driven disk 40 circumferencial direction, and each first through-hole and a second through-hole surround form one with miscellaneous beans assorted type hole, throw kind of device 9 and include: a first chain wheel 98, a second chain wheel 99 and a first chain 96, wherein the first chain 96 is arranged around the first chain wheel 98 and the second chain wheel 99, a seed spoon 97 is connected on each chain link of the first chain 96, and the first chain wheel 98 is connected with the disk driving shaft chain wheel 38 of the air suction seed discharger 3 through a second chain 92.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the air-suction seed metering device 3 further comprises: the air-suction seed metering device comprises an air-suction seed metering device shell 35, an air-suction seed metering device shell end cover 36 and a seed disk driving shaft 37, wherein the air-suction seed metering device shell 35 and the air-suction seed metering device shell end cover 36 are connected in a surrounding mode to form an accommodating cavity, the seed disk driving shaft 37 is installed in a first through hole of the air-suction seed metering device shell 35, a driven disk 40 and a driving disk 41 are arranged in the accommodating cavity, the driven disk 40 and the driving disk 41 are both connected with one end of the seed disk driving shaft 37, the other end of the seed disk driving shaft 37 is connected with a seed disk driving shaft chain wheel 38, an air pipe 5 is connected with the air-suction seed metering device shell end cover 36, and a seed box 4 is communicated with the accommodating cavity.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the air-suction seed metering device 3 further comprises: the seed cavity stirring wheel 39 and the seed discharging block 42, the air suction seed metering device shell 35 is connected with the seed discharging block 42, the air suction seed metering device shell end cover 36 is connected with the seed cavity stirring wheel 39, the seed metering driving disk 41 is provided with a cylindrical bulge, and the seed metering driving disk 41 drives the seed cavity stirring wheel 39 to rotate through the cylindrical bulge.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the air-suction seed metering device 3 further comprises: a gland 31, an adjusting knob 32 and a lower eccentric seed cleaning rod 33, wherein the middle part of the lower eccentric seed cleaning rod 33 is arranged in a second through hole of a pneumatic suction seed metering device shell 35, one end of the lower eccentric seed cleaning rod 33 is connected with the adjusting knob 32, the other end of the lower eccentric seed cleaning rod 33 is operably abutted against the seed metering driving disc 11, and the gland 31 is connected with the pneumatic suction seed metering device shell 35.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the air-suction seed metering device 3 further comprises: a seed loading mechanism 34 coupled to the air-aspiration seed meter housing 35, the seed loading mechanism 34 comprising: the seed cleaning mechanism fixing plate 351, the seed cleaning gap adjusting eccentric plate 352, the seed cleaning tongue floating spring piece 356 and the seed cleaning tongue 357 are connected with the air suction seed metering device shell 35, the seed cleaning mechanism fixing plate 351, the seed cleaning gap adjusting eccentric plate 352 and the seed cleaning tongue floating spring piece 356 are connected through a hexagon bolt 355 and a hexagon nut 353, a cylindrical spiral compression spring 354 is sleeved on the hexagon bolt 355, and the seed cleaning tongue 357 is connected with the seed cleaning tongue floating spring piece 356.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the seed discharge driven disk 40 and the seed discharge driving disk 41 are connected by at least two screws and nuts, and the seed discharge driven disk 40 is operatively rotatable with respect to the seed discharge driving disk 41.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the lower eccentric seed cleaning rod 33 is sleeved with a shaft sleeve, an annular limiting groove plate is arranged in the second through hole of the air suction seed metering device shell 35, one side surface of the shaft sleeve abuts against the annular limiting groove plate, the lower eccentric seed cleaning rod 33 is further sleeved with a spring part, one end of the spring part abuts against the gland 31, and the other end of the spring part abuts against the other side surface of the shaft sleeve.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the seeding device 9 further includes: the upper portion of guard shield 95 is equipped with an opening, and the opening is located and unloads the below of seed piece 42, and first sprocket 98 and second sprocket 99 locate in guard shield 95.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the plurality of seed scoops 97 are sequentially disposed end to end on the first chain 96, the first chain 96 is operatively rotatable on the first sprocket 98 and the second sprocket 99 in a direction of a bottom pointing direction of each seed scoop 97, and each link of the first chain 96 is connected to one seed scoop 97 by a pair of screws and nuts that are engaged with each other.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, a multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean precision seeding experimental device comprises a multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean precision seeding machine, wherein, the device further comprises: the test bench 10 and the trolley 2 arranged on the upper surface of the test bench 10, the air suction seed sowing device 3, the seed feeding device 9, the control box 1 and the negative pressure fan 6 are all connected with the trolley 2, the lower surface of the trolley is connected with a trolley driving wheel 7 and a trolley driven wheel 11 which are driven by the control box 1, the trolley is operatively and movably connected with the test bench 10 through the trolley driving wheel 7 and the trolley driven wheel 11, and each corner of the lower surface of the test bench 10 is connected with a universal wheel 8 with a brake device.

The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments and the protection scope of the present invention are not limited thereby.

The present invention also has the following embodiments in addition to the above:

in a further embodiment of the invention, the multipurpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for the miscellaneous beans mainly comprises a control box 1, a trolley 2, an air-suction seed metering device 3, an air pipe 5, a negative pressure fan 6, a seed feeding device 9, a seed box 4 and a test bench 10.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the working process of the multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean precision seeding test device comprises the following steps: the five main links of seed filling, seed scraping, seed guiding, seed throwing and nidation are that when the seed sowing device works, the seed sowing disc is directly driven to rotate by the driving gear on the motor, the seeds in the seed box 4 flow into the seed storage chamber of the air suction seed sowing device 3, the suction force generated by the negative pressure fan 6 is transmitted to the vacuum chamber at one side of the air suction seed sowing device 3 through the air pipe 5, so that the vacuum chamber generates negative pressure, the two sides of the seed sowing disc generate pressure difference, the seeds in the seed storage chamber are adsorbed on the seed sucking holes of the seed sowing disc by the suction force generated by the pressure difference, the seed scraping area is provided with a seed cleaning brush to scrape redundant seeds, the seed discharging plate continues to rotate to carry the seeds to the seed throwing area through the seed guiding area, both sides of the seed discharging plate of the seed throwing area are communicated with the atmosphere, no pressure difference exists, the seeds can freely fall down and are smoothly thrown onto a table board along the ordered and accurate seed throwing mechanism, and the seeding test process is completed.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the sowing requirements of the beans with different sizes can be met by adjusting the size of the 3-shaped hole of the air suction seed sowing device, and the size change of the hole is realized by adjusting the superposition angle between the seed sowing driving disk 41 with the seed sowing disk with the square hole and the seed sowing driven disk 40, so that the multipurpose of one machine is realized, and the sowing of various beans can be realized.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the belt type seed accurate delivery mechanism of the multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean accurate seeding test device ensures that the whole process of discharging the seeds from the air-suction seed metering device 3 to fall into the seed ditch has accurate and controllable transportation track, avoids the grain distance deviation caused by collision in the transportation process, improves the uniformity of the grain distance of high-speed seeding, and has simple structure and high universality.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, a multi-purpose air-suction type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans can be used for experimental research on seeding performance of a precision air-suction seeding apparatus 3, comprising: the structural parameters of the air suction seeding device 3 are as follows: the influence of the number of holes, the structure of the holes, the diameter of the holes and the like of the seed discharging plate on the seeding quality is researched; the seed sowing device is subjected to a bench test, and the influence of the sowing operation speed, the rotating speed, the vacuum degree of the suction chamber, the height of a seed filling port and the like on performance indexes such as a sowing qualified index, a sowing missing index and a reseeding index is researched; the adaptability of different mixed bean seeds to the air suction seeding device 3 is tested and researched.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the multi-purpose air-aspiration type precision seeding test device for miscellaneous beans can be used for carrying out a test study on the precision delivery of the seed delivery device 9, and comprises: carrying out experimental study on the grain distance qualified index, the miss-seeding index and the rebroadcasting index under different seed falling heights, seeding operation speeds and seed falling horizontal distances; carrying out experimental study on the sowing performance indexes of seed throwing plates with different shapes under different seed throwing angles; carrying out experimental study on the influences of sowing performance indexes such as grain spacing qualification index, grain spacing variation coefficient and the like under different conveying structure parameters and operation speeds; and carrying out optimization test research on main factors influencing the grain spacing qualification index and the grain spacing variation coefficient.

In a further embodiment of the invention, aiming at the technical problem of uneven seeding distance, the multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean precision seeding test device can accurately seed, stably seed and accurately feed seeds.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the air suction seed metering device 3 with adjustable hole size is designed, seeds with different sizes can be sown, and multiple functions of one machine are realized.

In a further embodiment of the invention, a conveyer belt type seed accurate delivery mechanism is designed, so that the transfer track of the seeds in the whole process from the air suction seed sowing device 3 to the seed falling into the seed ditch is accurate and controllable, the grain distance deviation caused by collision in the transfer process is avoided, and the uniformity of the grain distance of high-speed sowing is improved.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the working process of the multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean precision seeding test device comprises the following steps: the method comprises five main links of seed filling, seed scraping, seed guiding, seed throwing and seed nidation, when seeding is needed, a test bench 10 moves to a designated position needing seeding through a plurality of universal wheels 8 arranged at the bottom, brake structures are arranged on the universal wheels and used for fixing the position of the test bench 10, at the moment, a trolley 2 arranged above the test bench 10 moves to the designated position along with the test bench 10 to prepare seeding, the trolley 2 moves on the test bench 10 at a constant speed through a trolley driving wheel 7 and a trolley driven wheel 11 connected with the lower surface at a high speed, meanwhile, a seed sowing driving disc 41 and a seed sowing driven disc 40 with well adjusted coincident angles rotate under the driving of a motor, seeds in a seed box 4 flow into an air suction seed sowing device 3, a negative pressure fan 6 is connected with the air suction seed sowing device 3 through an air pipe 5, the negative pressure fan 6 is started to pump one side in the air suction seed sowing device 3 into a vacuum negative pressure state, at this time, a pressure difference is generated between the two sides of the seed discharging driving disk 41 and the seed discharging driven disk 40, the suction force generated by the variation of the pressure difference between the seeds in the air suction seed metering device 3 is absorbed on the seed absorbing holes on the seed discharging driving disk 41 and the seed discharging driven disk 40, the seed discharging driving disk 41 and the seed discharging driven disk 40 rotate, the seeds move together with the seed discharging driving disk 41 and the seed discharging driven disk 40 to a seed scraping area composed of the adjusting knob 32, the lower eccentric seed cleaning rod 33 and the upper seed cleaning mechanism 34, after the excess seeds are scraped through the seed scraping area, the seed discharging driving disk 41 and the seed discharging driven disk 40 continue to rotate to transfer the seeds to the upper side of the seed feeding device 9, at this time, the two sides of the seed discharging driving disk 41 and the seed discharging driven disk 40 are communicated with the atmosphere, no pressure difference exists, the seeds freely fall into the seed feeding device 9, a first chain wheel 98 and a second chain wheel 99 are arranged in the seed feeding device 9, and the first chain wheel 98 and the second chain wheel 99 are connected through a first chain 96, install a plurality of kinds of spoons 97 along the equidistant of first chain 96, every kind of spoon 97 directional the same that sets up along the outer fringe of first chain 96, the seed can free fall to throw kind of spoon 97 of kind device 9 in, kind of spoon 97 rotates along with first chain 96, steadily transfers the seed in kind of spoon 97 to the lower extreme exit of throwing kind device 9 to empty, the seed just can free fall, orderly accurate ground smooth throw and plant on the mesa, accomplish the seeding test process.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the size of the hole is adjusted by adopting the seeding driving disk 41 and the seeding driven disk 40 together, a plurality of square through holes are arranged at equal intervals on the outer edge of the seeding driving disk 41, a plurality of square through holes are arranged at equal intervals on the outer edge of the seeding driven disk 40, the seeding driving disk 41 and the seeding driven disk 40 are coaxially arranged, the angle between the seeding driving disk 41 and the seeding driven disk 40 is adjusted and fixed by rotating the seeding driving disk 41 and/or the seeding driven disk 40, and the size of the hole matched with the size of the bean is obtained by overlapping the square through holes on the seeding driving disk 41 and the square through holes on the seeding driven disk 40.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the seed-discharging driving disk 41 and the seed-discharging driven disk 40 act simultaneously to drive the seeds to rotate, and the excess seeds on the side of the hole away from the seed-driving shaft 37 are scraped off by the seed-cleaning tongue 357 of the upper seed-cleaning mechanism 34, and the excess seeds on the side of the hole close to the seed-driving shaft 37 are scraped off by the lower eccentric seed-cleaning rod 33.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the seed cleaning tongue 357 and the hole is adjusted by shifting the floating spring piece 356 of the seed cleaning tongue to be located on the eccentric plate 352 of the seed cleaning gap, so as to facilitate the scraping of different seeds with different sizes.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the lower eccentric seed-cleaning rod 33 is connected with the shaft sleeve by a screw thread, and the position of the shaft sleeve on the lower eccentric seed-cleaning rod 33 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting knob 32, so that the lower eccentric seed-cleaning rod 33 can be operatively abutted against the seeding driving disk 41.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the seed cavity agitation wheel 39 is operative to move the seeds to facilitate seed suction by virtue of a cylindrical protrusion on the drive disk.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the control box 1 is hardware and is mainly controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller) to mainly complete the functions of controlling the walking of the trolley 2, the rotation of the seed sowing plate, the driving of the negative pressure fan 6 and the collection of the speed of each motor and the air pressure of the negative pressure fan 6.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the seed plate is driven by a duplex sprocket wheel, the seed plate is connected to a motor and is driven by a sprocket wheel in the seed feeding device 9.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the seed discharge driven disk 40 is rotated until the size of the hole matches the size of the seed, and the seed discharge driving disk 41 and the seed discharge driven disk 40 are fixed together by two bolts.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the seed discharging block 42 is installed at the outlet below the air-suction seed sowing device 3, the seed discharging block 42 is located above the opening of the shield 95, the seed discharging block 42 is connected with the air-suction seed sowing device 3 through screws, and the angle of the seed discharging block 42 can be adjusted by loosening the screws, so as to ensure that seeds fall into the opening of the shield 95 from the outlet below the air-suction seed sowing device 3 and fall into a seed scoop 97 on the first chain 96.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the seed cavity agitation wheel 39 is made of rubber.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the control box 1 drives the disc driving shaft 37 to rotate through a PLC control motor, the seeding driving disc 41 and the seeding driven disc 40 which are attached to and coaxially arranged on the disc driving shaft 37 rotate along the axis of the disc driving shaft 37, the seeds are driven to be transferred to the seed throwing area from the seed storage chamber through a plurality of shaped holes formed by combining the seeding driving disc 41 and the seeding driven disc 40, the seeds fall into the seed throwing device 9, and in the process, redundant seeds are scraped to the seed throwing area through the upper seed cleaning mechanism 34 and the lower eccentric seed cleaning rod 33, so that the seeds are conveniently taken out through the shaped holes.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the control box 1 drives the disk driving shaft 37 to rotate through a PLC control motor, the disk driving shaft chain wheel 38 arranged on the disk driving shaft 37 is connected with the first chain wheel 98 through the second chain 92, the disk driving shaft chain wheel 38 drives the first chain wheel 98 to rotate through the second chain 92, meanwhile, the first chain wheel 98 is connected with the second chain wheel 99 through the first chain 96, the first chain wheel 98 is used as a driving wheel to drive the first chain 96 to rotate around the first chain wheel 98 and the second chain wheel 99, a plurality of seed scoops 97 connected with the first chain 96 rotate along with the first chain 96, and each seed falling into the seed feeding device 9 falls into one seed scoop 97, moves the lower outlet of the seed feeding device 9 along with the seed scoop 97 and pours the seed scoops to finish one-time ordered and accurate seeding.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the first sprocket 98 is a coaxially fixed sprocket having a double row of teeth, one row of teeth of the first sprocket 98 meshes with the second chain 92, and the other row of teeth of the first sprocket 98 meshes with the first chain 96.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a miscellaneous beans precision planter of multi-purpose air-suction type which characterized in that includes: air suction seed metering ware (3), throw kind of device (9), seed case (4), control box (1) and negative-pressure air fan (6), the below of air suction seed metering ware (3) is equipped with throw kind of device (9), the upper end of air suction seed metering ware (3) is connected with seed case (4), and air suction seed metering ware (3) and negative-pressure air fan (6) are connected through tuber pipe (5), air suction seed metering ware (3) negative-pressure air fan (6) with throw kind of device (9) all with control box (1) is connected, air suction seed metering ware (3) include: air suction seed metering ware (3), throw kind of device (9), seed case (4) and negative-pressure air fan (6), throw kind of device (9) and locate the below of air suction seed metering ware (3), the upper end of air suction seed metering ware (3) is connected with seed case (4), and air suction seed metering ware (3) and negative-pressure air fan (6) are connected through tuber pipe (5), and air suction seed metering ware (3) include: coaxial and the seed metering driven plate (40) and seed metering drive plate (41) that laminate each other and set up follow seed metering drive plate (41) circumferencial direction is equipped with a plurality of second through-holes, follows seed metering driven plate (40) circumferencial direction is equipped with a plurality of first through-holes, each first through-hole and one the second through-hole surrounds and forms one and miscellaneous beans assorted type hole, throw kind of device (9) and include: the seed sowing device comprises a first chain wheel (98), a second chain wheel (99) and a first chain (96), wherein the first chain (96) surrounds the first chain wheel (98) and the second chain wheel (99), each chain link of the first chain (96) is connected with a seed sowing spoon (97), and the first chain wheel (98) is connected with a seed sowing device (3) through a second chain (92).

2. The multi-purpose air-suction type hybrid bean precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that said air-suction seed sowing device (3) further comprises: air suction seed metering ware casing (35), air suction seed metering ware casing end cover (36) and kind of a dish drive shaft (37), air suction seed metering ware casing (35) with air suction seed metering ware casing end cover (36) surround and connect and form the holding cavity, install in the first through-hole of air suction seed metering ware casing (35) kind of a dish drive shaft (37), by driving disk (40) with driving disk (41) are located in the holding cavity, by driving disk (40) with driving disk (41) all are connected with the one end of kind of a dish drive shaft (37), kind of a dish drive shaft (37) other end with kind of a dish drive shaft sprocket (38) are connected, tuber pipe (5) with air suction seed metering ware casing end cover (36) are connected, kind of a dish (4) with the holding cavity intercommunication.

3. The multi-purpose air-suction type hybrid bean precision seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that said air-suction seed sowing device (3) further comprises: the seed cavity stirring wheel (39) and the seed discharging block (42), the air suction seed metering device shell (35) is connected with the seed discharging block (42), the air suction seed metering device shell end cover (36) is connected with the seed cavity stirring wheel (39), a cylindrical bulge is arranged on the seed metering driving disk (41), and the seed metering driving disk (41) is driven by the cylindrical bulge to rotate the seed cavity stirring wheel (39).

4. The multi-purpose air-suction type hybrid bean precision seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that said air-suction seed sowing device (3) further comprises: gland (31), adjust knob (32) and lower eccentric pole (33) of planting clearly, the mid-mounting of lower eccentric pole (33) of planting clearly is in the second through-hole of air suction seed metering ware casing (35), and the one end of lower eccentric pole (33) of planting clearly is connected with adjust knob (32), the other end of lower eccentric pole (33) of planting clearly can operably support in seed metering driving disc (11), gland (31) with air suction seed metering ware casing (35) are connected.

5. The multi-purpose air-suction type hybrid bean precision seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that said air-suction seed sowing device (3) further comprises: a seed supernatant mechanism (34) coupled to the air-aspiration seed meter housing (35), the seed supernatant mechanism (34) comprising: with seed mechanism fixed plate (351), the clear clearance adjustment eccentric plate (352), clear kind of tongue floating spring piece (356) and clear kind of tongue (357) of the upper seed mechanism fixed plate (351), clear kind of clearance adjustment eccentric plate (352) that seed metering ware casing (35) is connected, seed mechanism fixed plate (351), clear kind of clearance adjustment eccentric plate (352) and clear kind of tongue floating spring piece (356) are connected through hex bolts (355) and hex nut (353), the cover is equipped with cylindrical helical compression spring (354) on hex bolts (355), clear kind of tongue (357) with clear kind of tongue floating spring piece (356) are connected.

6. The multi-purpose air-suction type hybrid bean precision seeder according to claim 2, wherein the seed discharge driven disk (40) and the seed discharge driving disk (41) are connected by at least two screw nuts, the seed discharge driven disk (40) being operatively rotatable with respect to the seed discharge driving disk (41).

7. The multipurpose air-suction type bean precision seeder according to claim 4, wherein the lower eccentric seed cleaning rod (33) is sleeved with a shaft sleeve, an annular limiting groove plate is arranged in the second through hole of the air-suction seed metering device shell (35), one side surface of the shaft sleeve supports against the annular limiting groove plate, the lower eccentric seed cleaning rod (33) is further sleeved with a spring part, one end of the spring part supports against the gland (31), and the other end of the spring part supports against the other side surface of the shaft sleeve.

8. The multi-purpose air-aspiration type hybrid bean precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that said seed feeding device (9) further comprises: the seed discharging device comprises a protective cover (95), wherein an opening is formed in the upper portion of the protective cover (95), the opening is formed below a seed discharging block (42), and a first chain wheel (98) and a second chain wheel (99) are arranged in the protective cover (95).

9. The multi-purpose air-aspiration type miscellaneous bean precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of the seed scoops (97) on the first chain (96) are arranged end to end in sequence, the first chain (96) is operatively rotatable on the first sprocket (98) and the second sprocket (99) in a scoop bottom pointing direction of each seed scoop (97), and each link of the first chain (96) is connected with one of the seed scoops (97) by a pair of mutually matching screw nuts.

10. A multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean precision seeding experimental device, which comprises the multi-purpose air-suction type miscellaneous bean precision seeding machine of any one of claim 1 to claim 9, and is characterized by further comprising: test bench (10) and locate dolly (2) of test bench (10) upper surface, the air suction seed metering ware (3) throw kind of device (9) control box (1) with negative-pressure air fan (6) all with dolly (2) are connected, the lower surface of dolly is connected with and passes through control box (1) driven dolly action wheel (7) and dolly follower (11), the dolly passes through dolly action wheel (7) with dolly follower (11) with test bench (10) operatable swing joint, each bight and a universal wheel (8) that have brake equipment of the lower surface of test bench (10) are connected.

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