CN108633410B - Pneumatic bucket wheel combined seed metering device for detoxified miniature potatoes - Google Patents
Pneumatic bucket wheel combined seed metering device for detoxified miniature potatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN108633410B CN108633410B CN201810318870.1A CN201810318870A CN108633410B CN 108633410 B CN108633410 B CN 108633410B CN 201810318870 A CN201810318870 A CN 201810318870A CN 108633410 B CN108633410 B CN 108633410B
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C9/00—Potato planters
- A01C9/08—Potato planters with other distributing devices, e.g. flaps, screws, horizontal turning plates
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pneumatic bucket wheel seed sowing device for detoxified miniature potatoes, which comprises a seed supply device, a seed taking device, a seed cleaning device and a power device; the seed supply device comprises a seed box and a seed supply amount adjusting device; the seed supply amount adjusting device divides the seed box into an upper seed box inlet and a lower seed box chamber; the included angle between the seed supply quantity adjusting plate and the left side wall of the seed box is adjustable within 30-90 degrees, so that the adjustment of the seed supply quantity is realized; the arc-shaped air chamber is communicated with the seed chamber through a seed sucking hole on the seed metering disc; the seed metering disc assembly comprises a seed stirring disc, a seed metering disc and a seed protection ladle; the seed cleaning device comprises a seed cleaning brush roller, a roller rotating shaft and a rotating shaft mounting bracket; the invention can realize the precise sowing of the detoxicated miniature potato seeds, effectively reduce the miss-sowing rate and the re-sowing rate, improve the seed damaging phenomenon caused by a mechanical seed sowing device, avoid virus infection and improve the yield and quality of commercial potatoes; the vertical installation mode is adopted, the installation space is small, the multi-row operation is convenient to realize, and the continuous, efficient and precise seeding requirements of the detoxified miniature potatoes are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pneumatic bucket wheel combined seed metering device for detoxified miniature potatoes, and belongs to the technical field of sowing in agricultural machinery.
Background
The potato is the fourth world grain crop after corn, wheat and rice, the total potato yield in China is the first world, but the single yield is far lower than the average world level, the gap of the breeding technology is removed, and the main bottleneck for restricting the development of potato industry in China is that the mechanized level of potato production is low (the mechanized level of potato in China is only 1%, and developed countries are over 70%). At present, the existing potato seeding machines at home and abroad mostly cause mechanical damage to potato seeds to a certain extent, the quality of the seed potato is reduced due to the characteristic that the potato is easy to be infected with germs, the quality and the yield of commercial potato are reduced, the potato seeding machine is difficult to popularize among vast potato farmers, and the mechanized process of potato production is blocked. The artificial or semi-artificial seeding is low in efficiency, high in labor intensity and high in production cost, and is unfavorable for the development of potato industry.
The air-aspiration type seed discharging mode has low requirements on the appearance of seeds, has relatively small mechanical friction, can effectively avoid potato seed infection caused by mechanical damage, is suitable for the planting requirements of potatoes with large individual difference and easy damage infection, but has large power, is uneconomical and environment-friendly. The spoon wheel type seed sowing mode is widely applied to a corn mechanical seeder, has high seed sowing precision relatively, strong seed protection capability in the seed carrying stage, and strong shape adaptability of the end spoon, and meets the sowing requirement of large-particle-size seeds with irregular shapes.
The invention combines the air suction type seed metering principle and the bucket wheel type seed metering principle, is applied to seed metering of the detoxified miniature potatoes, reduces mechanical damage to seeds with large particle size such as the detoxified miniature potatoes, reduces the probability of virus infection, improves the mechanized production level of the detoxified miniature potatoes, ensures high quality and high yield of the detoxified miniature potatoes, and has important practical significance compared with the traditional seed metering mode.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of large mechanical damage, high miss-seeding and replay rate, high power consumption and the like in the prior art, the invention provides a pneumatic bucket wheel seed sowing device for detoxified miniature potatoes, which can save manpower and improve labor productivity. The invention has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, convenient adjustment, economy and applicability, and the like, and can meet the continuous, efficient and precise seeding requirements of the detoxified miniature potatoes.
A pneumatic bucket wheel seed sowing device for detoxified miniature potatoes comprises a seed supply device, a seed taking device, a seed cleaning device and a power device (taking one side of a transmission device as the front);
the seed supply device comprises a seed box and a seed supply amount adjusting device; the seed supply amount adjusting device divides the seed box into an upper seed box inlet and a lower seed box chamber;
the seed supply amount adjusting device comprises a seed supply amount adjusting plate, a seed supply amount adjusting pin shaft (playing a role of hinging and fixing relative positions), a seed supply amount adjusting shaft (changing relative positions) and a seed supply amount adjusting chute; the seed supply amount adjusting sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged on the front side surface and the rear side surface of the seed box; the seed supply quantity adjusting plate is movably arranged in the seed box through a seed supply quantity adjusting pin shaft and a seed supply quantity adjusting shaft; the seed supply quantity adjusting plate is a rectangular plate, and the cross section of the seed supply quantity adjusting plate is consistent with that of the seed box; the two long sides of the seed supply amount adjusting plate are positioned on the front side and the rear side which are opposite; the left side of the seed supply quantity adjusting plate can rotate around a seed supply quantity adjusting pin shaft; the right side of the seed supply quantity adjusting plate adjusts the gap between the right side edge of the seed supply quantity adjusting plate and the right side wall of the seed box through the position of the seed supply quantity adjusting shaft in the seed supply quantity adjusting chute so as to adjust the seed supply quantity; the seed supply quantity adjusting chute is positioned on the right side of the seed supply quantity adjusting pin shaft and is an arc groove taking a mounting hole of the seed supply quantity adjusting pin shaft on the seed box shell as a circle center; two ends of the seed supply quantity adjusting shaft can be movably positioned in the seed supply quantity adjusting chute; the upper and lower positions of the seed supply amount adjusting shaft in the seed supply amount adjusting chute are adjustable; the upper end of the seed supply quantity adjusting chute and the mounting hole of the seed supply quantity adjusting pin shaft on the seed box shell are positioned on a horizontal line; when the seed supply quantity adjusting shaft is positioned at the upper end of the seed supply quantity adjusting chute, the seed supply quantity adjusting plate is arranged in parallel with the bottom of the seed box, the seed supply quantity adjusting plate forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the left side wall of the seed box, and the upper part of the seed box in the seed box is completely isolated from the seed chamber; when the seed supply quantity adjusting shaft is positioned at the lower end of the seed supply quantity adjusting chute, an included angle of 30 degrees is formed between the seed supply quantity adjusting plate and the left side wall of the seed box; the included angle between the seed supply quantity adjusting plate and the left side wall of the seed box is adjustable within 30-90 degrees, so that the adjustment of the seed supply quantity is realized; a transparent cover plate is arranged below the right side of the seed chamber and is used for observing the seed quantity in the seed chamber.
The seed taking device comprises an air supply system and a seed metering disc assembly; the air supply system comprises a negative pressure fan, a negative pressure air inlet pipe and an arc-shaped air chamber; the arc-shaped air chamber is fixed in front of the seed chamber; the negative pressure air inlet pipe is positioned above the arc-shaped air chamber and is communicated with the arc-shaped air chamber, the negative pressure fan is communicated with the arc-shaped air chamber through the negative pressure air inlet pipe, and the arc-shaped air chamber forms a negative pressure environment under the action of the negative pressure fan; the arc-shaped air chamber is communicated with the seed chamber through a seed sucking hole on the seed metering disc; the arc-shaped air chamber shell and the seed chamber are arranged in a sealing way; when the air supply system works, seeds positioned near the seed suction type holes are attached to the seed suction type holes under the action of pressure difference, and the seed filling process is completed.
The seed metering disc assembly comprises a seed stirring disc, a seed metering disc and a seed protecting ladle; the seed plate assembly is positioned between the arc-shaped air chamber and the seed chamber; the seed metering disc is connected with the transmission device through a central fixing hole; the seed stirring disc is concentrically arranged on the seed sowing disc; the seed stirring disc is positioned in the seed chamber; rubber table posts are uniformly distributed on the seed stirring disc; the seed metering disc is uniformly provided with seed sucking holes and seed protecting scoops along the circumferential direction of the seed metering disc; the seed protecting scooping scoop is positioned in the arc-shaped air chamber; each seed sucking hole and each seed protecting ladle are correspondingly arranged; during operation, the seed metering disc assembly rotates together, and in the rotation process: the rubber table column on the seed stirring disc stirs seeds in the seed chamber, so that the population fluidity is increased, and the seed filling resistance is reduced; the seed protecting scoop is used for carrying seeds, assisting in pressure seed filling in the seed filling stage, providing supporting force for the seeds in the seed carrying stage, and protecting the seeds to the seed unloading stage.
The seed cleaning device comprises a seed cleaning brush roller, a roller rotating shaft and a rotating shaft mounting bracket; the seed cleaning device is positioned at the front side inside the seed chamber; the seed cleaning brush roller is a wheel-shaped brush and is arranged on the roller rotating shaft through a rolling bearing, and the seed cleaning brush roller can rotate around the roller rotating shaft; one end of the roller rotating shaft is connected with the brush roller through a rolling bearing, and the other end of the roller rotating shaft is welded on the rotating shaft mounting bracket; the rotating shaft mounting bracket is fixed on the front side wall of the seed box; after the seed cleaning brush roller is installed, the seed cleaning brush roller is positioned at the left side of the seed metering disc; the distance between the outer edge of the seed cleaning brush roller and the seed metering disc can enable one seed to pass through; the redundant seeds that the seed metering dish carried are pushed back to fall in the seed room through clear seed brush gyro wheel, and clear seed brush gyro wheel can rotate under the push of redundant seeds, avoids damaging the seed.
The power device comprises a transmission device, a gear box, a seed shaft, a bevel gear set, a radial bearing, a central fixing hole and a seed shaft end cover; the transmission device is a universal coupling connected with a rear output shaft of the tractor; the gear box is positioned on the air chamber shell and is used for installing the bevel gear set; the bevel gear group consists of two meshed bevel gears; one bevel gear is arranged in the gear box and positioned at the tail end of the transmission device, and the other bevel gear is arranged in concentric fixed holes of the seed metering disc and the seed stirring disc; the rear end of the seed shaft is supported by a spindle bearing and is used for supporting the rotation of the seed shaft and balancing the axial force brought by the bevel gear; the end cover of the seed shaft is positioned at the end of the seed shaft and used for protecting the seed shaft.
The invention can effectively avoid mechanical damage of the seed sowing device to seeds, thereby avoiding virus infection and improving the yield and quality of commercial potatoes.
The invention can realize the precise sowing of the detoxicated miniature potato seeds, effectively reduce the miss-sowing rate and the re-sowing rate and improve the seed damaging phenomenon caused by a mechanical seed sowing device.
The invention reduces the pressure required by the seed suction hole by utilizing the supporting force provided by the seed protecting scoop, effectively reduces the power of the fan, reduces the energy consumption, and is more economical and environment-friendly.
The invention adopts a vertical installation mode, has small installation space and is convenient for realizing multi-line operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the seed metering device;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the seed stirring disk;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of the seed stirring disk;
FIG. 7 is a rear view of the arcuate plenum;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a roller shaft of the seed cleaning brush;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the seed protecting scoop;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the seed quantity adjusting device;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a seed quantity adjusting shaft
In the figure: 1. the seed box, 2, the transmission device, 3, the gear box, 4, the seed metering disc, 5, the air chamber shell mounting bolt, 6, the seed metering shaft end cover, 7, the air chamber shell, 8, the negative pressure air inlet pipe, 9, the seed supply adjusting chute, 10, the seed discharging device, 11, the seed box fit boss, 12, the seed supply adjusting shaft, 13, the seed supply adjusting pin shaft, 14, the seed supply adjusting plate, 15, the transparent cover plate, 16, the seed chamber, 17, the radial bearing, 18, the bevel gear group, 19, the seed metering shaft, 20, the seed cleaning brush roller, 21, the seed stirring disc fastening bolt set, 22, the seed sucking type hole, 23, the center fixing hole, 24, the seed protecting spoon fastening bolt set, 25, the seed protecting spoon, 26, the seed stirring table pillar, 27, the seed stirring disc, 28, the arc-shaped air chamber, 29, the air chamber shell fit groove, 30, the roller shaft, 31, the shaft mounting bracket, 32, the bracket fastening bolt set, 33, the seed protecting fixing threaded hole, 34, the seed supply adjusting shaft main body, 35, the limiting sleeve, 36, the limiting sleeve and 37.
Detailed Description
The invention is mainly used for the precision seeding operation of the detoxified miniature potatoes, and the working principle of the pneumatic bucket wheel combined seed metering device for the detoxified miniature potatoes according to the device provided by the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 10.
A pneumatic bucket wheel seed sowing device for detoxified miniature potatoes comprises a seed supply device, a seed taking device, a seed cleaning device and a power device (taking one side of a transmission device as the front);
the seed supply device comprises a seed box and a seed supply amount adjusting device; the seed supply amount adjusting device divides the seed box 1 into an upper seed box inlet and a lower seed chamber 16;
the seed supply amount adjusting device comprises a seed supply amount adjusting plate 14, a seed supply amount adjusting shaft 12 (which plays a role of hinging and is fixed in relative position), a seed supply amount adjusting pin shaft 13 (the relative position is variable) and a seed supply amount adjusting chute 9; the seed supply amount adjusting sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged on the front side surface and the rear side surface of the seed box 1; the seed supply amount adjusting plate 14 is movably arranged in the seed box 1 through a seed supply amount adjusting pin shaft 13 and a seed supply amount adjusting shaft 12; the seed supply amount adjusting plate 14 is a rectangular plate, and the cross section of the seed supply amount adjusting plate 14 is consistent with that of the seed box 1; the two long sides of the seed supply amount adjusting plate 14 are positioned on the front side and the rear side which are opposite; the left side of the seed supply amount adjusting plate 14 can rotate around the seed supply amount adjusting shaft 12; the right side of the seed supply quantity adjusting plate 14 adjusts the gap between the right side edge of the seed supply quantity adjusting plate and the right side wall of the seed box 1 through the position of the seed supply quantity adjusting pin shaft 13 in the seed supply quantity adjusting chute 9 so as to adjust the seed supply quantity; the seed supply amount adjusting chute 9 is positioned on the right side of the seed supply amount adjusting shaft 12 and is an arc groove taking a mounting hole of the seed supply amount adjusting pin shaft 13 on the seed box shell as a circle center; two ends of the seed supply amount adjusting pin shaft 13 can be movably positioned in the seed supply amount adjusting chute 9; the upper and lower positions of the seed supply amount adjusting pin shaft 13 in the seed supply amount adjusting chute 9 are adjustable; the upper end of the seed supply amount adjusting chute 9 and the mounting hole of the seed supply amount adjusting shaft 12 on the seed box shell are positioned on a horizontal line; when the seed supply amount adjusting pin shaft 13 is positioned at the upper end of the seed supply amount adjusting chute 9, the seed supply amount adjusting plate 14 is arranged in parallel with the bottom of the seed box 1, the seed supply amount adjusting plate 14 forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the left side wall of the seed box 1, and the seed box inlet and the seed chamber 16 in the seed box 1 are completely isolated; when the seed supply amount adjusting pin shaft 13 is positioned at the lower end of the seed supply amount adjusting chute 9, an included angle of 30 degrees is formed between the seed supply amount adjusting plate 14 and the left side wall of the seed box 1; the included angle between the seed supply quantity adjusting plate 14 and the left side wall of the seed box 1 is adjustable within 30-90 degrees, so that the seed supply quantity is adjusted; a transparent cover plate is arranged below the right side of the seed chamber 16 for observing the amount of seeds in the seed chamber 16.
In the embodiment, the up-down position of the seed supply amount adjusting shaft in the seed supply amount adjusting chute 9 can be adjusted in various modes; such as: the seed supply amount adjusting shaft can be set into four parts of a seed supply amount adjusting shaft main body 34, a limiting sleeve 35, a sleeve pin shaft 37 and a limiting baffle 36; the seed supply amount adjusting shaft main body 34 is a reducing cylindrical rod piece, the right end (the direction shown in fig. 11 here) is provided with a thread section, and the whole body is a component; the limit sleeve 35 is fixed at the right end of the seed supply amount adjusting shaft main body 34 (the direction shown in fig. 11 is taken here) through a sleeve pin shaft 37; the limit baffle 36 is a ring body, and is fastened to a threaded section at the right end (the direction shown in fig. 11) of the seed supply amount adjusting shaft main body 34; when in use, the utility model is characterized in that: the outer side part of the limit baffle 36 of the adjusting pin 13 is pinched by two hands to move backward (the opposite direction of the transmission device), the small diameter section of the adjusting pin body 34 is positioned in the seed supply amount adjusting chute 9, at the moment, the seed supply amount adjusting pin 13 is integrally moved to the large diameter round hole of the seed supply amount adjusting chute 9 at the target position, then the seed supply amount adjusting pin 13 is moved forward (one side of the transmission device) to clamp the large diameter section of the seed supply amount adjusting pin 13 in the large diameter round hole of the adjusting chute 9, and the angle of the seed supply amount adjusting plate 14 is adjusted, namely the seed supply amount is adjusted; the limiting baffle 36 is used for preventing excessive displacement from pulling the whole seed supply amount adjusting pin shaft 13 out of the device, so that a large amount of seed of the seed box flows into the seed chamber 16.
The seed taking device comprises an air supply system and a seed metering disc assembly; the air supply system comprises a negative pressure fan, a negative pressure air inlet pipe 8 and an arc-shaped air chamber 28; the arc-shaped air chamber 28 is fixed in front of the seed chamber 16; the negative pressure air inlet pipe 8 is positioned above the arc-shaped air chamber 28 and is communicated with the arc-shaped air chamber 28, the negative pressure fan is communicated with the arc-shaped air chamber 28 through the negative pressure air inlet pipe 8, and the arc-shaped air chamber 28 forms a negative pressure environment under the action of the negative pressure fan; the arc-shaped air chamber 28 is communicated with the seed chamber 16 through the seed sucking holes 22 on the seed metering disc 4; the air chamber shell 7 and the seed chamber 16 are arranged in a sealing way; when the air supply system works, seeds positioned near the seed suction type holes 22 are attached to the seed suction type holes 22 under the action of pressure difference, and the seed filling process is completed.
The seed metering disc assembly comprises a seed stirring disc 27, a seed metering disc 4 and a seed protection ladle 25; the seed plate assembly is located between the arcuate air chamber 28 and the seed chamber 16; the seed metering disc 4 is connected with the transmission device 2 through a central fixing hole 23; the seed stirring plate 27 is concentrically arranged on the seed sowing plate 4; a seed stirring disk 27 is positioned inside the seed chamber 16; seed stirring table posts 26 are uniformly distributed on the seed stirring plate 27; the seed metering disc 4 is uniformly provided with seed sucking holes 22 and seed protecting scoops 25 along the circumferential direction; a seed-protecting scoop 25 is positioned in the seed chamber 16; each seed sucking hole 22 and each seed protecting scoop 25 are correspondingly arranged; during operation, the seed metering disc assembly rotates together, and in the rotation process: seed stirring columns 26 on the seed stirring plate 27 stir seeds in the seed chamber 16, so that population fluidity is increased, and seed filling resistance is reduced; the seed-protecting scoop 25 assists the pressure seed filling in the seed filling stage, provides a supporting force for the seeds in the seed carrying stage, and protects the seeds to the seed discharging stage.
The seed cleaning device comprises a seed cleaning brush roller 20, a roller rotating shaft 30, a rotating shaft mounting bracket 31 and a bracket fastening bolt group 32; the seed cleaning device is positioned at the front side inside the seed chamber 16; the seed cleaning brush roller 20 is a wheel-shaped brush and is arranged on the roller rotating shaft 30 through a rolling bearing, and the seed cleaning brush roller 20 can rotate around the roller rotating shaft 30; one end of the roller rotating shaft 30 is connected with the brush roller 20 through a rolling bearing, and the other end is welded on a rotating shaft mounting bracket 31; the rotating shaft mounting bracket 31 is fixed on the front side wall of the seed box; after the seed cleaning brush roller 20 is installed, the distance between the outer edge of the seed cleaning brush roller 20 and the seed metering disc 4 can enable 1 seed to pass through; the redundant seeds that the seed metering dish 4 carried are pushed back to fall in the seed room through clear seed brush gyro wheel 20, and clear seed brush gyro wheel 20 can rotate under the pushing of redundant seeds, avoids damaging the seed.
The power device comprises a transmission device 2, a gear box 3, a seed shaft 19, a bevel gear set 18, a radial bearing, a central fixing hole 23, a fastening nut and a seed shaft end cover 6; the transmission device 2 is a universal coupling connected with a rear output shaft of the tractor; the gear box 3 is positioned on the shell 8 of the arc-shaped air chamber 28 and is used for installing the bevel gear set 18; the bevel gear set 18 consists of two meshed bevel gears; one bevel gear is arranged in the gear box 3 and positioned at the tail end of the transmission device 2, and the other bevel gear is arranged in concentric fixed holes of the seed metering disc 4 and the seed stirring disc 27; the seed shaft 19 is connected with a bevel gear arranged in the central fixing hole 23 through a flat key, and the rear end of the seed shaft 19 is supported by a spindle bearing for supporting the rotation of the seed shaft and balancing the axial force brought by the bevel gear; the end cover 6 of the seed shaft is positioned at the shaft end of the seed shaft 19 and is used for protecting the seed shaft 19.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the present invention is composed of the following parts:
(1) Seed supply device: seeds enter the seed box 1 from the upper seed box opening, enter the seed chamber 16 through the seed supply quantity adjusting plate 14, the angle of the seed supply quantity adjusting plate 14 is controlled by changing the position of the seed supply quantity adjusting shaft 12 in the seed supply quantity adjusting chute 9, so as to control the quantity of the seeds entering the seed chamber 16, prevent the blockage of seed sowing caused by excessive seeds in the seed chamber 16, a transparent cover plate 15 for observation and a seed discharging device 10 for discharging the seeds during blockage are arranged at the rear lower part of the seed chamber 16, and when the seed supply device fails or the excessive seeds in the seed chamber 16 affect sowing, the seed discharging device 10 can be detached to take out the seeds in the seed chamber 16, and the seed discharging device is reinstalled after being adjusted; the left side of the seed chamber 16 is enclosed by the seed metering disc 4 and the seed box 1 shell to form a closed space, so that the flow of seeds is restricted.
(2) A seed taking device: the negative pressure air flow generated by the negative pressure fan enters the arc-shaped air chamber 28 in the air chamber shell 7 through the negative pressure air inlet pipe 8 to form a negative pressure environment with the air pressure far lower than the standard atmospheric pressure, and the seed suction holes 22 on the seed metering disc 4 generate adsorption force on seeds in the seed chamber 16. When the negative pressure system works, the seed suction holes 22 adsorb seeds stirred by the seed stirring disc 27 from the population when the left end of the arc-shaped air chamber 28 starts to pass through the seed chamber 16, then the seeds do circular motion along with the seed metering disc 4 under the action of adsorption force, at the moment, the seeds are on the upper side of the seed protection scooping spoon 25, the vertical component force generated by the action of gravity of the seeds is balanced by the supporting force provided by the seed protection scooping spoon 25, the seed protection scooping spoon 25 plays a role of supporting and supporting the seeds adsorbed by the seed suction holes 22, the seeds are prevented from falling, the miss-seeding rate is reduced, and the fan power is reduced; when the seed sucking holes 22 adsorb a plurality of seeds, the seeds can fall into the seed chamber 16 again under the action of the brush roller 20 when the seed metering disc 4 rotates past the seed cleaning brush roller 20, so that single-seed sowing is ensured; when the seeds move to the tail end of the right end of the arc-shaped air chamber 28, the negative pressure suction force of the seed suction type holes 22 disappears, the seed protection scooping spoon 25 is arranged on the upper side of the seeds, no action is exerted on the gravity of the seeds, the seeds are only subjected to the action of gravity, and the seeds do free falling motion in the vertical direction through the seed discharging opening on the air chamber shell 7, so that the seed discharging operation is completed.
(3) Seed cleaning device: the distance between the outer edge of the seed cleaning brush roller 20 and the center of the seed suction hole 22 of the seed metering disc 4 is just 1 seed; the redundant seeds carried by the seed metering disc 4 collide with the seed cleaning brush roller 20 to push and fall back into the seed chamber 16, and the seed cleaning brush roller 20 rotates under the pushing of the redundant seeds, so that the damage to the seeds is avoided.
(4) A power device: the power transmitted by the rear output shaft of the tractor is transmitted to a pair of bevel gears in the gear box 3 through the seed metering device transmission device 2, one bevel gear is arranged in the gear box 3 and connected with the transmission device 2, and the other bevel gear is arranged on the seed metering shaft 19, so that the seed metering shaft 19, the seed metering disc 4 fixed on the seed metering shaft and the seed stirring disc 27 are driven to coaxially rotate.
The present invention provides a preferred embodiment, and the following is given by way of example, but not limitation, of the scope of the present invention:
examples:
the invention connects and assembles the transmission device, the seed supply device, the seed taking device and the seed cleaning device through the fastener. The detoxified miniature potato enters the seed box 1 from the seed box opening at the upper side, the seed supply amount is controlled by the seed supply amount adjusting device to prevent the blockage of seed metering caused by excessive seeds in the seed chamber 16, the right rear part of the seed chamber 16 is provided with a transparent cover plate 15 for observation and a seed discharging device 10 for discharging seeds when blocked, the left side of the seed chamber 16 is enclosed by the seed metering disc 4 and the shell of the seed box 1 to form a closed space, the flow of the seeds is restricted, and the closed seed chamber 16 is formed. The angle of the seed supply adjusting plate 14 is adjusted according to the material characteristics of the detoxified micro-potatoes.
When the seed metering device starts to work, power is transmitted from a transmission shaft of the tractor and then transmitted to the gear box 3 through the transmission device 2 to drive a pair of bevel gears in the gear box to rotate, one bevel gear is arranged in the gear box 3, the other bevel gear is arranged on the seed metering shaft 19, and then the seed metering shaft 19, the seed metering disc 4 fixed on the seed metering shaft and the seed stirring disc 27 are driven to coaxially rotate. The negative pressure air flow generated by the negative pressure fan enters the arc-shaped air chamber 28 in the air chamber shell 7 through the negative pressure air inlet pipe 8 to form a negative pressure environment with the air pressure far lower than the standard atmospheric pressure, and the seed suction holes 22 on the seed metering disc 4 generate adsorption force on seeds in the seed chamber 16. The seeds do circular motion along with the seed metering disc 4 under the action of the adsorption force, at the moment, the seeds are arranged on the upper side of the seed protection scooping spoon 25, the vertical component force generated by the gravity action of the seeds is balanced by the supporting force provided by the seed protection scooping spoon 25, the seed protection scooping spoon 25 plays a role in supporting and supporting the seeds adsorbed by the seed suction type holes 22, the seeds are prevented from falling, the miss-seeding rate is reduced, and meanwhile, the power of a fan is reduced; when the seeds move out of the arc-shaped air chamber 28 and then the negative pressure suction force of the seed suction type holes 22 disappears, the seed protection scooping spoon 25 is arranged on the upper side of the seeds, has no effect on the gravity of the seeds, and the seeds only do free falling motion in the vertical direction under the action of the gravity, so that the seed sowing operation is completed.
The example is used for the detoxification mini potato seeding operation, and the number of rows of the seeding operation can be increased or decreased according to actual needs. In addition, the device can be suitably applied to other large-grain seed sowing operations, the number of seed metering devices can be properly set according to the agronomic requirements of different large-grain seed crops and the principle of precision and high efficiency, the number of the simultaneous operation lines is not limited, and the improvement of the device applied to other large-grain seed sowing is also within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A pneumatic bucket wheel combined seed metering device for detoxified miniature potatoes is characterized in that: comprises a seed supply device, a seed taking device, a seed cleaning device and a power device;
the seed supply device comprises a seed box and a seed supply amount adjusting device; the seed supply amount adjusting device divides the seed box into an upper seed box inlet and a lower seed box chamber;
the seed supply amount adjusting device comprises a seed supply amount adjusting plate, a seed supply amount adjusting pin shaft, a seed supply amount adjusting shaft and a seed supply amount adjusting chute; the seed supply amount adjusting sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged on the front side surface and the rear side surface of the seed box; the seed supply quantity adjusting plate is movably arranged in the seed box through a seed supply quantity adjusting pin shaft and a seed supply quantity adjusting shaft; the seed supply quantity adjusting plate is a rectangular plate, and the cross section of the seed supply quantity adjusting plate is consistent with that of the seed box; the two long sides of the seed supply amount adjusting plate are positioned on the front side and the rear side which are opposite; the left side of the seed supply quantity adjusting plate can rotate around a seed supply quantity adjusting pin shaft; the right side of the seed supply quantity adjusting plate adjusts the gap between the right side edge of the seed supply quantity adjusting plate and the right side wall of the seed box through the position of the seed supply quantity adjusting shaft in the seed supply quantity adjusting chute so as to adjust the seed supply quantity; the seed supply quantity adjusting chute is positioned on the right side of the seed supply quantity adjusting pin shaft and is an arc groove taking a mounting hole of the seed supply quantity adjusting pin shaft on the seed box shell as a circle center; two ends of the seed supply quantity adjusting shaft can be movably positioned in the seed supply quantity adjusting chute; the seed supply amount adjusting shaft is adjustable in the upper and lower positions in the seed supply amount adjusting chute, so that the adjustment of the seed supply amount is realized; the upper end of the seed supply quantity adjusting chute and the mounting hole of the seed supply quantity adjusting pin shaft on the seed box shell are positioned on a horizontal line; a transparent cover plate is arranged below the right side of the seed chamber and is used for observing the seed quantity in the seed chamber;
the seed taking device comprises an air supply system and a seed metering disc assembly; the air supply system comprises a negative pressure fan, a negative pressure air inlet pipe and an arc-shaped air chamber; the arc-shaped air chamber is fixed in front of the seed chamber; the negative pressure air inlet pipe is positioned above the arc-shaped air chamber and is communicated with the arc-shaped air chamber, the negative pressure fan is communicated with the arc-shaped air chamber through the negative pressure air inlet pipe, and the arc-shaped air chamber forms a negative pressure environment under the action of the negative pressure fan; the arc-shaped air chamber is communicated with the seed chamber through a seed sucking hole on the seed metering disc; the arc-shaped air chamber shell and the seed chamber are arranged in a sealing way; when the air supply system works, seeds positioned near the seed suction type holes are attached to the seed suction type holes under the action of pressure difference, so that the seed filling process is completed;
the seed metering disc assembly comprises a seed stirring disc, a seed metering disc and a seed protecting ladle; the seed plate assembly is positioned between the arc-shaped air chamber and the seed chamber; the seed metering disc is connected with the transmission device through a central fixing hole; the seed stirring disc is concentrically arranged on the seed sowing disc; the seed stirring disc is positioned in the seed chamber; rubber table posts are uniformly distributed on the seed stirring disc; the seed metering disc is uniformly provided with seed sucking holes and seed protecting scoops along the circumferential direction of the seed metering disc; the seed protecting scooping scoop is positioned in the arc-shaped air chamber; each seed sucking hole and each seed protecting ladle are correspondingly arranged; during operation, the seed metering disc assembly rotates together, and in the rotation process: the rubber table column on the seed stirring disc stirs seeds in the seed chamber, so that the population fluidity is increased, and the seed filling resistance is reduced; the seed-protecting ladle is used for carrying seeds;
the seed cleaning device comprises a seed cleaning brush roller, a roller rotating shaft and a rotating shaft mounting bracket; the seed cleaning device is positioned at the front side inside the seed chamber; the seed cleaning brush roller is a wheel-shaped brush and is arranged on the roller rotating shaft through a rolling bearing, and the seed cleaning brush roller can rotate around the roller rotating shaft; one end of the roller rotating shaft is connected with the brush roller through a rolling bearing, and the other end of the roller rotating shaft is welded on the rotating shaft mounting bracket; the rotating shaft mounting bracket is fixed on the front side wall of the seed box; the seed cleaning brush roller is positioned at the left side of the seed metering disc; the distance between the outer edge of the seed cleaning brush roller and the seed metering disc can enable one seed to pass through; the redundant seeds carried by the seed metering disc are pushed back to the seed chamber through the seed cleaning brush roller, and the seed cleaning brush roller can rotate under the pushing of the redundant seeds, so that the damage to the seeds is avoided;
the power device comprises a transmission device, a gear box, a seed shaft, a bevel gear set, a radial bearing, a central fixing hole and a seed shaft end cover; the transmission device is a universal coupling connected with a rear output shaft of the tractor; the gear box is positioned on the air chamber shell and is used for installing the bevel gear set; the bevel gear group consists of two meshed bevel gears; one bevel gear is arranged in the gear box and positioned at the tail end of the transmission device, and the other bevel gear is arranged in concentric fixed holes of the seed metering disc and the seed stirring disc; the rear end of the seed shaft is supported by a spindle bearing and is used for supporting the rotation of the seed shaft and balancing the axial force brought by the bevel gear; the end cover of the seed shaft is positioned at the end of the seed shaft and used for protecting the seed shaft;
the number of rows of the seeding operation is increased or reduced according to actual needs for the pneumatic bucket wheel combined seed metering device of the detoxicated miniature potatoes.
2. The pneumatic bucket wheel combined seed metering device for detoxified micro-potatoes according to claim 1, wherein the seed metering device comprises: when the seed supply quantity adjusting shaft is positioned at the upper end of the seed supply quantity adjusting chute, the seed supply quantity adjusting plate is arranged in parallel with the bottom of the seed box, the seed supply quantity adjusting plate forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the left side wall of the seed box, and the upper part of the seed box in the seed box is completely isolated from the seed chamber; when the seed supply quantity adjusting shaft is positioned at the lower end of the seed supply quantity adjusting chute, an included angle of 30 degrees is formed between the seed supply quantity adjusting plate and the left side wall of the seed box; the included angle between the seed supply quantity adjusting plate and the left side wall of the seed box is adjustable within 30-90 degrees.
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| CN201810318870.1A CN108633410B (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2018-04-11 | Pneumatic bucket wheel combined seed metering device for detoxified miniature potatoes |
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| CN201810318870.1A CN108633410B (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2018-04-11 | Pneumatic bucket wheel combined seed metering device for detoxified miniature potatoes |
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| CN108633410B true CN108633410B (en) | 2023-05-23 |
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| CN110366911B (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2020-11-06 | 诸暨厚启股权投资有限公司 | Seed sowing device for potato planter |
| CN110622660A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2019-12-31 | 东北农业大学 | Air quantity adjusting device of potato air-suction type seed sowing device |
| CN113575049B (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-08-05 | 山东理工大学 | Pneumatic-bucket wheel combined type precise seed sowing device for district single-seed sowing |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1331702A (en) * | 1971-01-13 | 1973-09-26 | Scheer P | Potato planter |
| RU10508U1 (en) * | 1998-11-11 | 1999-08-16 | Чернышев Анатолий Егорович | POTATO PLANTER |
| CN103416136A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-12-04 | 华中农业大学 | Dual-cavity type pneumatic seed sowing device |
| CN104982127A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-10-21 | 华中农业大学 | Pneumatic cup spoon type precise seed sowing device applicable to potatoes |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7497175B2 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2009-03-03 | Deere & Company | Seed singulator adjuster for a seed meter |
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2018
- 2018-04-11 CN CN201810318870.1A patent/CN108633410B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1331702A (en) * | 1971-01-13 | 1973-09-26 | Scheer P | Potato planter |
| RU10508U1 (en) * | 1998-11-11 | 1999-08-16 | Чернышев Анатолий Егорович | POTATO PLANTER |
| CN103416136A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-12-04 | 华中农业大学 | Dual-cavity type pneumatic seed sowing device |
| CN104982127A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-10-21 | 华中农业大学 | Pneumatic cup spoon type precise seed sowing device applicable to potatoes |
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