CN113659852A - Switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectification converter and control method and control system thereof - Google Patents
Switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectification converter and control method and control system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a switched capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifier converter, a control method and a control system thereof, wherein the input power of an active sub-module can be sequentially transmitted to all positive modules through a plurality of positive resonance branches and can also be sequentially transmitted to all negative modules through a plurality of negative resonance branches by connecting the active sub-module, the positive modules, the negative modules and the resonance branches. The positive and negative ports of the active sub-module, the positive module and the negative module are sequentially connected to realize high-voltage output. The invention does not need a high-insulation transformer, the voltage doubling stage number can be expanded at will, all switching tubes and diodes can realize soft switching, the switching loss can be effectively reduced, and the efficiency of the rectifying circuit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rectifier converter control technology, in particular to a switched capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectifier converter and a control method and a control system thereof.
Background
In low-voltage input and high-voltage output occasions such as a high-voltage direct current generator, an industrial microwave magnetron power supply, a medical power supply and the like, low-voltage input of hundreds of volts needs to be increased to high-voltage output of thousands of volts or tens of kilovolts. The high-voltage output occasion is usually realized by adopting a high-step-up ratio power frequency transformer scheme or a voltage-multiplying rectifier converter scheme. The power frequency transformer with high step-up ratio is relatively easy to manufacture, but has the defects of heavy weight, large volume and large output ripple; the traditional voltage-multiplying rectifier converter needs an isolation transformer with certain insulation voltage, and the leakage inductance and the parasitic capacitance of the isolation transformer are increased along with the increase of the insulation voltage of the transformer. The high-voltage side of the isolation transformer is often wound by a conducting wire with a thicker insulating layer, so that the window filling coefficient of the transformer is greatly reduced, and the improvement of power density is restricted. Most diodes in the traditional voltage-doubling rectifying converter are in hard switching, so that the diodes have large peak when being switched, and the diodes have certain loss in the commutation process. Therefore, when the diode is selected, a model with a higher voltage level needs to be adopted, and a radiator and the like need to be considered during operation. Moreover, the parasitic capacitance of the diode may affect the operation of the switching tube on the primary side of the transformer, which may cause the waveform distortion of the primary side power switching tube or hard switching.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the prior art is not enough, and provides a switched capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectification converter, a control method and a control system thereof, which avoid using a high-insulation transformer and improve the power density and efficiency of the converter.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifier converter comprises a series connectionmSingle positive module, series connectionnA negative module; the first positive module and the first negative module are respectively connected with the negative end and the positive end of the active sub-module; the ith positive module is connected with the ith and (i + 1) th positive resonance branch; the jth negative module is connected with the jth and jth +1 negative resonance branch circuits; the mth positive module is connected with the mth positive resonance branch; the nth negative module is connected with the nth negative resonance branch; the active sub-module is connected with a first positive resonance branch and a first negative resonance branch; first, themThe positive end of each positive module is used as the positive end of the output voltage; first, thenThe negative end of each negative module is used as the negative end of the output voltage; wherein,mandnis a positive integer; i =1, 2, …, m-1; j =1, 2, …, n-1; and the positive module and the negative module both adopt passive sub-modules.
According to the invention, through the connection of the active sub-module, the positive module, the negative module and the resonance branch, the input power of the active sub-module can be sequentially transmitted to the first positive module, the second positive module and the mth positive module through the plurality of positive resonance branches, and can also be sequentially transmitted to the first negative module, the second negative module and the nth negative module through the plurality of negative resonance branches. The positive and negative ports of the active sub-module, the positive module and the negative module are sequentially connected to realize high-voltage output.
In the converter of the present invention, the active sub-modules transmit power sequentially to the positive and negative modules. The positive module and the negative module have the same structure, and can be spliced by adopting the same circuit board, so that the complexity of circuit design is greatly reduced, and the modularization and the power density of the converter are improved. On the other hand, because a plurality of resonance branches are adopted, the diodes in each positive module and each negative module can realize soft switching, and the power density and the efficiency of the converter are greatly improved.
And m and n can be selected according to the required boosting multiple, after the boosting multiple is determined, m and n are as close as possible, and the optimal value is obtained when m and n are equal. When m and n are equal, the number of the positive modules is equal to that of the negative modules, power transmission and voltage and current stress between the positive modules and the negative modules with different corresponding serial numbers are the same, and the symmetry of the converter is the best.
The active sub-modules adopt full-bridge inverter circuits or half-bridge inverter circuits. The appropriate active sub-module topology may be selected for a particular situation. The half-bridge inversion structure can be adopted to reduce the use of the power switch tube in a low-current occasion, and the full-bridge inversion structure can be adopted in a high-current occasion.
The passive sub-module is a half-bridge rectifying circuit or a full-bridge rectifying circuit.
The half-bridge rectifying circuit comprises two diodes and a direct current capacitor, and is suitable for being applied to low-power occasions; the full-bridge rectification circuit comprises four diodes and a direct current capacitor, and is suitable for high-power occasions.
The positive resonance branch circuit and the negative resonance branch circuit respectively comprise a resonance capacitor and a resonance inductor connected with the resonance capacitor in series. The series frequency of the resonant capacitor and the resonant inductor isf r. The resonance branch circuit is simple in structure, and the structure of the converter is further optimized.
The invention also provides a control method of the switched capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectification converter, which comprises the following steps:
when the switch capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectifying converter operates in an open-loop mode:
if the active submodule is a half-bridge inverter circuit, the two switching tubes of the active submodule are conducted complementarily;
if the active sub-module is a full-bridge inverter circuit, the two power switching tubes of a first bridge arm of the active sub-module are conducted complementarily, the two power switching tubes of a second bridge arm are conducted complementarily, the two power switching tubes of the first bridge arm have the same switching signals, and the two power switching tubes of the second bridge arm have the same switching signals;
when the switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifying converter operates in a closed-loop mode: reference value of output voltage of switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectification converterVref andsampled output voltageVAnd o, the difference is sent to a PI controller to obtain a reference value of the voltage-controlled oscillator, the output of the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to the input end of the zero-crossing comparator, and a switching signal of the power switching tube of the active submodule is obtained.
The control method is simple when the switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifying converter operates in a closed-loop mode, and only isolation sampling is needed. Because the converter does not adopt a structure that input is connected in parallel and output is connected in series, and direct current capacitors in the active sub-module and the passive sub-modules are in a series relation, the converter does not need high-voltage insulation processing in output voltage sampling, and an isolation amplifier for high-voltage isolation is not needed in isolation sampling, so that the power density and the efficiency of the converter are improved.
When the switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifier converter operates in an open-loop mode, the switching frequency of the power switch tube of the active sub-modulefs and positive/negative resonance branch series resonance frequencyfr are the same.
When the switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectification converter operates in an open-loop mode, all direct-current voltage natural balance and soft switching of all switch tubes can be realized without an additional control method. The invention can realize soft switching of all diodes, and the parasitic capacitance of the diodes can not influence the operation of the primary side switching tube.
The invention also provides a control system of the switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectification converter, which comprises a controller; the controller is configured or programmed for performing the steps of the control method of the invention; and the output control signal of the controller is input to a gate pole of a power switch tube of an active submodule of the switched capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifying converter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a modularization technology, both the passive sub-module and the resonance branch can be used as modularization components, and the resonance voltage-multiplying rectifier converter with any number of stages can be realized by splicing the modularization components.
2. The invention can realize high transformation ratio boosting without a high-insulation transformer, thereby reducing the cost of the converter, reducing the volume of the converter and improving the power density of the converter.
3. According to the invention, through a switched capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectification technology, each passive submodule can generate voltage which is the same as the input voltage of the active submodule, and the outputs of the passive submodules are connected in series, so that the output voltage can be greatly increased under the condition of not using a transformer. The plurality of resonance branches provide soft switching conditions for the power switch tube of the active sub-module and the diode of the passive sub-module, so that the switching loss of the active sub-module and the passive sub-module is greatly reduced, and the power density and the efficiency of the voltage-doubling resonance circuit are greatly improved.
4. The invention can realize the soft switching of all power switching tubes and diodes, and the parasitic capacitance of the diodes can not influence the operation condition of the power switching tubes, thereby reducing the loss of the converter and improving the efficiency of the converter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a circuit structure of a switched capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectifier converter;
fig. 2 is a topological structure diagram of an active sub-module structure 1, fig. 3 is a topological structure diagram of an active sub-module structure 2, fig. 4 is a topological structure diagram of a passive sub-module structure 1, fig. 5 is a topological structure diagram of a passive sub-module structure 2, and fig. 6 is a topological structure diagram of a resonant branch;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a switched capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectifier converter with an active sub-module in a half-bridge inverter configuration and a passive sub-module in a half-bridge rectifier configuration, and FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a switched capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectifier converter with an active sub-module in a half-bridge inverter configuration and a passive sub-module in a half-bridge rectifier configurationS 1The operation is carried out by breaking the steel wire,S 2when closed, the equivalent circuit of the converter, fig. 9 isS 1The closing process is carried out in a closed mode,S 2when the circuit is disconnected, an equivalent circuit of the converter is formed;
fig. 10 shows an embodiment of a switched capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectifier converter in which the active sub-module employs a full-bridge inverter structure and the passive sub-module also employs a full-bridge rectifier structure;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view ofS 1AndS 4the operation is carried out by breaking the steel wire,S 2andS 3when closed, the equivalent circuit of the converter;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view ofS 1AndS 4the closing process is carried out in a closed mode,S 2andS 3when the circuit is disconnected, an equivalent circuit of the converter is formed;
FIG. 13 shows the circuit of FIG. 7 employing half-bridge active and passive sub-modules andm = 5，nthe resonant current simulation waveforms of the first positive module and the first negative module when = 5;
FIG. 14 shows the circuit of FIG. 7 employing half-bridge active and passive sub-modules andm = 5，ndiode current simulation waveforms in the first positive module and the first negative module when = 5;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the circuit of FIG. 7 employing half-bridge active and passive sub-modules andm = 5，nthe resonant current simulation waveforms of the first positive module, the second positive module and the third positive module when = 5;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of FIG. 7 employing half-bridge active and passive sub-modules andm = 5，nthe voltage simulation waveforms of the resonant capacitors of the first positive module, the second positive module and the third positive module are not less than 5;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the circuit of FIG. 7 employing half-bridge active and passive sub-modules andm = 5，nthe direct-current capacitor voltage simulation waveforms of the first positive module, the second positive module and the third positive module when the voltage is not less than 5;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of FIG. 7 employing full-bridge active and passive sub-modules andm = 5，nthe resonant current simulation waveforms of the first positive module and the first negative module when = 5;
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of FIG. 7 employing full-bridge active and passive submodulesm = 5，nDiode current simulation waveforms in the first positive module and the first negative module when = 5;
FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of FIG. 7 employing full-bridge active and passive sub-modules andm = 5，nthe resonant current simulation waveforms of the first positive module, the second positive module and the third positive module when = 5;
FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of FIG. 7 employing full-bridge active and passive sub-modules andm = 5，nthe voltage simulation waveforms of the resonant capacitors of the first positive module, the second positive module and the third positive module are not less than 5;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the circuit of FIG. 7 employing full-bridge active and passive sub-modules andm = 5，nthe direct-current capacitor voltage simulation waveforms of the first positive module, the second positive module and the third positive module when the voltage is not less than 5;
fig. 23 is a control block diagram of a switched capacitor resonant voltage-doubler rectifier converter using half-bridge active and passive submodules, for example.
Detailed Description
The invention is characterized in that the input power of the active sub-module can be sequentially connected with the positive module, the negative module and the resonance branch circuit through the positive resonance branch circuitsTransmitted to the first positive module, the second positive module and the third positive modulemThe positive module can also be sequentially transmitted to the first negative module, the second negative module and the third negative module through a plurality of negative resonance branchesnAnd a negative module. The positive and negative ports of the active sub-module, the positive module and the negative module are sequentially connected to realize high-voltage output.
Fig. 2 to fig. 6 show the active sub-module, the passive sub-module and the resonant branch in fig. 1, where the active sub-module may be a structure 1 (half-bridge inversion structure, fig. 2) or a structure 2 (full-bridge inversion structure, fig. 3). The passive sub-modules may be a structure 1 (half-bridge rectification structure, fig. 4), a structure 2 (full-bridge rectification structure, fig. 5), and the like. The active submodule consists of a power switch tube and a direct current capacitor. The power switch tube can be IGBT, MOSFET, IGCT or GTO. The half-bridge inverter structure comprises a first power switch tubeS 1A second power switch tubeS 2. The first power switch tube and the second power switch tube are connected in series and then connected with the direct current capacitorC 0And the positive end and the negative end of the direct current capacitor are respectively used as the positive end and the negative end of the active submodule, and the midpoint of the series connection of the two power switch tubes is used as an alternating current port AC. The full-bridge inversion structure comprises four power switch tubesS 1、S 2、S 3、S 4(corresponding to the first to fourth power switch tubes), the first power switch tube and the second power switch tube are connected in series to form a first bridge arm, the third power switch tube and the fourth power switch tube are connected in series to form a second bridge arm, and the two bridge arms are connected in parallel and then connected with the direct current capacitorC 0The positive and negative ends of the direct current capacitor are respectively used as the positive and negative ends of the active submodule in parallel connection, the midpoint of the first bridge arm is used as an Alternating Current (AC) port1The midpoint of the second bridge arm is used as an alternating current port AC2. The passive submodule consists of a diode and a direct current capacitor. The half-bridge rectification structure comprises a first diodeD 1A second diodeD 2. The first diode and the second diode are connected in series and then connected with the direct current capacitorC 1And the positive end and the negative end of the direct current capacitor are respectively used as the positive end and the negative end of the passive submodule, and the midpoint of the series connection of the two diodes is used as an Alternating Current (AC) port. The full-bridge rectification structure comprisesFour diodesD 1、D 2、D 3、D 4(corresponding to the first to fourth diodes), the first diode and the second diode are connected in series to form a first bridge arm, the third diode and the fourth diode are connected in series to form a second bridge arm, and the two bridge arms are connected in parallel and then connected with the direct current capacitorC 1The positive end and the negative end of the direct current capacitor are respectively used as the positive end and the negative end of the passive submodule in parallel connection, the midpoint of the first bridge arm is used as an alternating current port AC1The midpoint of the second bridge arm is used as an alternating current port AC2. The resonant branch circuit comprises a resonant capacitorC rAnd a resonant inductorL rOne end of the resonant inductor is connected with the resonant capacitor, and the other end of the resonant inductor is used as an alternating current port AC1The other end of the resonant capacitor is used as an alternating current port AC2。
Taking the switched capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectification converter shown in fig. 1 as an example, an active sub-module adopts a half-bridge inversion structure and a full-bridge inversion structure, and a passive sub-module also correspondingly adopts a half-bridge rectification structure and a full-bridge rectification structure, the working principle of embodiment 1 of the invention is introduced:
an embodiment of the active sub-module adopting a half-bridge inverter structure and the passive sub-module correspondingly adopting a half-bridge rectifier structure is shown in FIG. 7, and the direct current capacitor of the active sub-module isC 0，S 1AndS 2two power switch tube MOSFETs, first to secondmThe diode and the DC capacitor of the positive module are respectivelyD p11, D p12… D mp1, D mp2AndC p1, C p2…C mp. First to secondnThe diode and the DC capacitor of the negative module are respectivelyD n11, D n12… D nn1, D nn2AndC n1, C n2…C nn. The resonance capacitance and the resonance inductance in the resonance branch circuit connected with the active submodule and the positive module are respectivelyC rp1, C rp2…C mrpAndL rp1, L rp2…L mrp. The resonance capacitance and the resonance inductance in the resonance branch circuit connected with the active submodule and the negative module are respectivelyC rn1, C rn2…C nrnAndL rn1, L rn2…L nrn。
in thatS 1The operation is carried out by breaking the steel wire,S 2when closed, the equivalent circuit of the converter is shown in fig. 8. In fig. 8, the direction of the arrows is the direction of current flow, and in this process,D p11, D p21…D mp1andD n12, D n22…D nn2the power-on state is carried out,D p12, D p22…D mp2andD n11, D n21…D nn1and (6) cutting off.C rp1AndL rp1、C rp2andL rp2、…C mrpandL mrpseries resonance, with current direction from right to left;C rn1andL rn1、C rn2andL rn2、…C nrnandL nrnin series resonance, the current direction is also from right to left.
In thatS 1The closing process is carried out in a closed mode,S 2when disconnected, the equivalent circuit of the converter is shown in fig. 9. In fig. 9, the direction of the arrows is the direction of current flow, and in this process,D p12, D p22…D mp2andD n11, D n21…D nn1the power-on state is carried out,D p11, D p21…D mp1andD n12, D n22…D nn2and (6) cutting off.C rp1AndL rp1、C rp2andL rp2、…C mrpandL mrpseries resonance, with current direction from left to right;C rn1andL rn1、C rn2andL rn2、…C nrnandL nrnseries resonance, the current direction is also from left to right.
The embodiment of the active sub-module adopting a full-bridge inversion structure and the passive sub-module correspondingly adopting a full-bridge rectification structure is shown in FIG. 10, and the direct current capacitor of the active sub-module isC 0，S 1、S 2、S 3AndS 4four power switch tube MOSFETs, first to secondmThe diode and the DC capacitor of the positive module are respectivelyD p11, D p12, D p13, D p14… D mp1, D mp2,D mp3, D mp4AndC p1, C p2…C mp. First to secondnThe diode and the DC capacitor of the negative module are respectivelyD n11, D n12, D n13, D n14… D nn1, D nn2, D nn3, D nn4AndC n1, C n2…C nn. The resonance capacitance and the resonance inductance in the resonance branch circuit connected with the active submodule and the positive module are respectivelyC rp11, C rp12, C rp21, C rp22…C mrp1, C mrp2AndL rp11, L rp12, L rp21, L rp22…L mrp1, L mrp2. The resonance capacitance and the resonance inductance in the resonance branch circuit connected with the active submodule and the negative module are respectivelyC rn11, C rn12, C rn21, C rn22…C nrn1, C nrn2AndL rn11, L rn12, L rn21, L rn22…L nrn1, L nrn2。
in thatS 1AndS 4the operation is carried out by breaking the steel wire,S 2andS 3when closed, the equivalent circuit of the converter is as shown in fig. 11. In fig. 11, the direction of the arrows is the direction of current flow, and in this process,D p12, D p13,D p22, D p23…D mp2, D mp3andD n12, D n13,D n22, D n23…D nn2, D nn3the power-on state is carried out,D p11, D p14,D p21, D p24…D mp1, D mp4andD n11, D n14,D n21, D n24…D nn2, D nn3and (6) cutting off.C rp11AndL rp11、C rp21andL rp21、…C mrp1andL mrp1series resonance, with current direction from left to right;C rp12andL rp12、C rp22andL rp22、…C mrp2andL mrp2series resonance, with current direction from right to left;C rn11andL rn11、C rn21andL rn21、…C nrn1andL nrn1series resonance, the current direction is also from right to left;C rn12andL rn12、C rn22andL rn22、…C nrn2andL nrn2series resonance, the current direction is also from left to right.
In thatS 1AndS 4the closing process is carried out in a closed mode,S 2andS 3when disconnected, the equivalent circuit of the converter is as shown in fig. 12. In fig. 12, the direction of the arrows is the direction of current flow, and in this process,D p11, D p14,D p21, D p24…D mp1, D mp4andD n11, D n14,D n21, D n24…D nn2, D nn3the power-on state is carried out,D p12, D p13,D p22, D p23…D mp2, D mp3andD n12, D n13,D n22, D n23…D nn2, D nn3and (6) cutting off.C rp11AndL rp11、C rp21andL rp21、…C mrp1andL mrp1series resonance, with current direction from right to left;C rp12andL rp12、C rp22andL rp22、…C mrp2andL mrp2series resonance, with current direction from left to right;C rn11andL rn11、C rn21andL rn21、…C nrn1andL nrn1series resonance, the current direction is also from left to right;C rn12andL rn12、C rn22andL rn22、…C nrn2andL nrn2in series resonance, the current direction is also from right to left.
The control method of embodiment 2 of the invention is as follows:
when the switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifying converter operates in an open-loop mode, all power switch tube frequenciesf sAnd series resonance frequencyf rThe same, full duty cycle operation; at the moment, the switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifying converter works at a series resonance point, and soft switching of all power switch tubes and high-frequency rectifying diodes can be realized.
When the switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectification converter operatesIn open-loop mode, when the active sub-module is in a half-bridge inversion structure, the power switch tubeS 1、S 2Conducting complementarily; when the active sub-module is in a full-bridge inversion structure, the power switch tubeS 1、S 2Complementary conducting power switch tubeS 3、S 4The complementary conduction is carried out, and the complementary conduction is carried out,S 1andS 3the switching signals are the same,S 2AndS 4the switching signals are the same. When the switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifying converter operates in a closed-loop mode, the set reference value of the output voltage of the switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifying converter is usedV refAnd the sampled output voltageV oAnd sending the difference to a PI controller to obtain a reference value of the voltage-controlled oscillator, and connecting the output of the voltage-controlled oscillator to the input end of the zero-crossing comparator to obtain a switching signal of the power switching tube of the active submodule. Can be controlled by switching tube frequencyf sRegulating output voltage and switching tube frequency of vibration voltage-multiplying rectifier converterf sWhen rising, the output voltage decreases; frequency of switching tubef sWhen lowered, the output voltage rises.
When the switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectification converter operates in a closed-loop mode, the reference value of the voltage of the output port is obtainedV refAnd the output port voltage obtained by samplingV oAnd sending the difference to a PI controller to obtain a reference value of the voltage-controlled oscillator, and connecting the output of the voltage-controlled oscillator to the input end of the zero-crossing comparator to obtain a switching signal of the power switching tube. In frequency-conversion control, the frequency of the power switch tubef sCan be less than the series resonance frequencyf rOr greater than the series resonant frequencyf r. When the frequency of the power switch tubef sGreater than the series resonant frequencyf rWhen the output voltage is reduced, when the frequency of the power switch tube is reducedf sLess than the series resonant frequencyf rWhen this happens, the output voltage rises. At different loads and differentV refIn this case, the controller may implement the non-settling tracking of the output voltage by output voltage closed-loop control.
FIGS. 13-17 are diagrams of the circuit of FIG. 7 employing half-bridge active and passive sub-modules andm = 5，nsimulation parameters of the simulation waveform in the case of = 5 are designed as follows:
input voltageV in= 1kV, and the capacitance value of the DC capacitor is 9μF, the resonant inductance isL r = 11μH, resonant capacitance ofC r= 162 nF. Power switch tubeS 1AndS 2the switching frequency of (2) is 100kHz, the duty ratio is 0.5, and open loop control is performed. The output voltage is 11kV, the load resistance is 10k omega, and the output power is 12.1 kW.
FIG. 13 shows the resonant inductance of the first positive resonant branchL rp1Current ofi(L rp1) And a first negative resonance branch resonance inductorL rn1Current ofi(L rn1) Waveform, FIG. 14 is the first positive module diodeD p11AndD p12current ofi(D p11) Andi(D p12). FIG. 15 shows the resonant inductance of the first positive resonant branchL rp1Second positive resonance branch resonance inductorL rp2And a third positive resonance branch resonance inductorL rp3Current ofi(L rp1)、i(L rp2) Andi(L rp3). FIG. 16 shows the resonant capacitance of the first positive resonant branchC rp1A second positive resonance branch resonance capacitorC rp2And a third positive resonance branch resonance capacitorC rp3Voltage ofv(C rp1)、v(C rp2) Andv(C rp3). FIG. 17 shows a first positive module DC capacitorC p1And a second positive module DC capacitorC p2And a third positive module DC capacitorC p3Voltage ofv(C p1)、v(C p2) Andv(C p3)。
FIGS. 18-22 are diagrams of the circuit of FIG. 10 employing full-bridge active and passive sub-modules andm = 5，nsimulation parameters of the simulation waveform in the case of = 5 are designed as follows:
input voltageV in= 1kV, and the capacitance value of the DC capacitor is 9μF, the resonant inductance isL r = 11μH, resonant capacitance ofC r= 162 nF. Power switch tubeS 1、S 2、S 3AndS 4the switching frequency of (2) is 100kHz, the duty ratio is 0.5, and open loop control is performed. The output voltage is 11kV, the load resistance is 10k omega, and the output power is 12.1 kW.
FIG. 18 shows two first positive resonance branch resonant inductorsL rp11Current ofi(L rp11) And a resonant inductorL rp12Current ofi(L rp12) Waveform, FIG. 19 is the first negative module diodeD n11AndD n12current ofi(D n11) Andi(D n12). FIG. 20 shows the resonant inductance of the first positive resonant branchL rp12Second positive resonance branch resonance inductorL rp22And a third positive resonance branch resonance inductorL rp23Current ofi(L rp12)、i(L rp22) Andi(L rp32). FIG. 21 shows the resonant capacitance of the first positive resonant branchC rp12A second positive resonance branch resonance capacitorC rp22And a third positive resonance branch resonance capacitorC rp32Voltage ofv(C rp12)、v(C rp22) Andv(C rp32). FIG. 22 shows a first positive module DC capacitorC p1And a second positive module DC capacitorC p2And a third positive module DC capacitorC p3Voltage ofv(C p1)、v(C p2) Andv(C p3)。
as can be seen from fig. 13 to 17, in the switched capacitor resonant voltage-doubling rectifier converter using the half-bridge active sub-module and the passive sub-module, the resonant inductor current waveforms of the positive module and the negative module of the same serial number are both discontinuous sine waves, the amplitude is about 25A, and the phases are opposite. The diode currents in all the positive and negative modules are half-wave interrupted sinusoids and have an amplitude of about 2.3A. The resonance inductance currents of the positive resonance branch circuit and the negative resonance branch circuit with different serial numbers are sequentially decreased, and the amplitude values of the resonance inductance currents of the first resonance branch circuit, the second resonance branch circuit and the third resonance branch circuit are 25A, 20A and 15A sequentially. The direct current components of the resonant capacitor voltages of the positive resonant branch and the negative resonant branch with different serial numbers are both 1kV, and the alternating current components are sequentially decreased progressively. The voltage of the direct current capacitors of all the passive sub-modules is 1kV, and the voltage ripple is less than 10V.
As can be seen from fig. 18 to fig. 22, in the switched capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectifier converter using the full-bridge active sub-module and the passive sub-module, the resonant inductor current waveforms of the positive module and the negative module with the same serial number are both discontinuous sine waves, the amplitude is about 12A, and the phases are opposite. The diode currents in all the positive and negative modules are half-wave interrupted sinusoids and have an amplitude of about 2.3A. The resonant inductance currents of the positive resonant branch circuit and the negative resonant branch circuit with different serial numbers are sequentially decreased, and the amplitude values of the resonant inductance currents of the first resonant branch circuit, the second resonant branch circuit and the third resonant branch circuit are sequentially 12A, 9A and 7.5A. The direct current components of the resonant capacitor voltages of the positive resonant branch and the negative resonant branch with different serial numbers are both 1kV, and the alternating current components are sequentially decreased progressively. The voltage of the direct current capacitors of all the passive sub-modules is 1kV, and the voltage ripple is less than 1V.
Fig. 23 is a control block diagram of a switched capacitor resonant voltage-doubler rectifier converter using half-bridge active and passive submodules, for example. In fig. 23, the output voltage is obtained by isolated sampling of the output voltageV oWith a reference valueV refThe difference is input into a PI controller, the output of the PI controller is used as the input of a voltage-controlled oscillator, and the voltage-controlled oscillator outputs the switching frequencyf sThen passes through a zero-crossing comparator to obtainS 1AndS 2the switching signal of (2).
Claims (8)
1. A switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifier converter is characterized by comprising a series connectionmSingle positive module, series connectionnA negative module; the first positive module and the first negative module are respectively connected with the negative end and the positive end of the active sub-module; the ith positive module is connected with the ith and (i + 1) th positive resonance branch; jth negative module and jth, jthj +1 negative resonance branch circuits are connected; the mth positive module is connected with the mth positive resonance branch; the nth negative module is connected with the nth negative resonance branch; the active sub-module is connected with a first positive resonance branch and a first negative resonance branch; first, themThe positive end of each positive module is used as the positive end of the output voltage; first, thenThe negative end of each negative module is used as the negative end of the output voltage; wherein,mandnis a positive integer; i =1, 2, …, m-1; j =1, 2, …, n-1; and the positive module and the negative module both adopt passive sub-modules.
2. The switched capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectifier converter according to claim 1, wherein the active sub-module is a full-bridge inverter circuit or a half-bridge inverter circuit.
3. The switched capacitor resonant voltage-doubler rectifier converter according to claim 1, wherein the passive sub-module is a half-bridge rectifier circuit or a full-bridge rectifier circuit.
4. The switched capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectifier converter according to claim 1, wherein the positive resonant branch and the negative resonant branch each comprise a resonant capacitor and a resonant inductor connected in series with the resonant capacitor.
5. A switched capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectifying converter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that m = n.
6. A control method of the switch capacitor resonance voltage-doubling rectifying converter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
when the switch capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectifying converter operates in an open-loop mode:
if the active submodule is a half-bridge inverter circuit, the two switching tubes of the active submodule are conducted complementarily;
if the active sub-module is a full-bridge inverter circuit, the two power switching tubes of a first bridge arm of the active sub-module are conducted complementarily, the two power switching tubes of a second bridge arm are conducted complementarily, the two power switching tubes of the first bridge arm have the same switching signals, and the two power switching tubes of the second bridge arm have the same switching signals;
when the switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifying converter operates in a closed-loop mode: reference value of output voltage of switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectification converterVref and sampled output voltageVAnd o, the difference is sent to a PI controller to obtain a reference value of the voltage-controlled oscillator, the output of the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to the input end of the zero-crossing comparator, and a switching signal of the power switching tube of the active submodule is obtained.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the switching frequency of the active sub-module power switching tube is set when the switched capacitor resonant voltage doubler rectifier converter is operating in an open loop modefs and positive/negative resonance branch series resonance frequencyfr are the same.
8. A control system of a switched capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifier converter is characterized by comprising a controller; the controller is configured or programmed for performing the steps of the method of claim 6 or 7; and the output control signal of the controller is input to a gate pole of a power switch tube of an active submodule of the switched capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectifying converter.
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| CN202110852407.7A CN113659852A (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Switch capacitor resonance voltage-multiplying rectification converter and control method and control system thereof |
| PCT/CN2022/087560 WO2023005270A1 (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2022-04-19 | Switched capacitor resonant voltage-multiplying rectifier converter, and a control method and a control system thereof |
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