CN113655625B - Device for light beam with anti-atmospheric turbulence capability - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0927—Systems for changing the beam intensity distribution, e.g. Gaussian to top-hat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
- G02B27/0961—Lens arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
- G02B27/0966—Cylindrical lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/0988—Diaphragms, spatial filters, masks for removing or filtering a part of the beam
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/30—Collimators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of laser free space communication, in particular to a device for generating a light beam with the capability of resisting atmospheric turbulence. The device sequentially passes the linear polarization laser output by the laser through a partial coherent generation system, a distortion phase generation system, a radial polarization generator and an optical vortex generator to generate a beam of partial coherent radial polarization distortion vortex light beam. The light beam has four anti-atmospheric turbulence structures of partial coherence, twist phase, vortex phase and nonuniform polarization, so that the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the phase structure of the light beam can be effectively restrained, and the light beam has potential application value in the fields of free space optical communication, laser radar and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of space laser communication, and particularly relates to a device for a light beam with atmospheric turbulence resistance.
Background
Because the laser has the advantages of high intensity, good directivity, good monochromaticity, high coherence, high spatial resolution and the like, the laser is widely applied and rapidly developed in the aspects of modern industry, agriculture, medicine, communication, national defense and the like. With the recent development of atmospheric optics, laser light has been increasingly used in the atmosphere. Free space laser communication (FSO) is a typical representation thereof. FSO is a technology for carrying out information transmission and exchange between a ground platform, an air-to-ground platform and the like by taking laser as an information carrier. The method has the following characteristics: (1) The ultra-large bandwidth is 10000 times of the microwave communication bandwidth; (2) no spectrum need be applied; (3) The FSO equipment has small volume, low power consumption, convenient and quick deployment, no need of building equipment such as optical fibers, cables and the like, and low cost; (4) strong security; (5) the information transmission is not easy to be blocked. Particularly, in recent years, research on vortex beams having Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) in the FSO field has been rapidly progressed. Research shows that OAM carried by vortex beam can greatly raise laser communication data transmission capacity and can easily reach Tbit/s level capacity.
In FSO, the laser light uses free space or atmosphere as an information transmission channel. However, not only suspended particles and aerosol exist in the atmosphere, which can generate absorption, scattering and other effects on light transmitted in the atmosphere, so that the energy of the light spot is attenuated; atmospheric turbulence also exists in the atmosphere due to random movements of the atmosphere, resulting in random fluctuations in physical properties such as pressure, velocity, temperature, etc. at each point. The presence of atmospheric turbulence causes random fluctuations in the refractive index of the atmosphere, which causes random fluctuations in the phase and amplitude of the light beam transmitted in the atmosphere, further leading to a series of deleterious turbulence effects such as beam broadening, flicker, coherence degradation, etc. This can increase the bit error rate and reduce the channel capacity in the FSO, which greatly restricts the application and development of the FSO. Not only FSO, laser use in the atmosphere includes: the fields of laser radar, atmospheric remote sensing and the like are also facing serious challenges.
At present, many studies have been made about the resistance of laser light to atmospheric turbulence. The use of partially coherent light, the use of non-uniformly polarized light, etc. has greatly improved the anti-turbulence capability of laser, but people still do not stop exploring beams with stronger anti-atmospheric turbulence structures. Thus, a beam with a strong resistance to atmospheric turbulence is generated, which is extremely important for the application and development of lasers in the atmosphere.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provide a device for preventing the light beam from atmospheric turbulence, which mainly regulates and controls the phase, coherence and polarization of the light beam output by a laser, so that the device has a series of structures of partial coherence, nonuniform polarization, twist phase and vortex phase for preventing the atmospheric turbulence to generate a stronger light beam with atmospheric turbulence resistance; the generated light was then analyzed for its resistance to atmospheric turbulence.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an apparatus for preventing the light beam from being turbulent by atmosphere is composed of laser, partial coherent generating system, twisting phase generating system, radial polarization generator, optical vortex generator, atmosphere turbulence simulator, optical receiving antenna and M 2 Factor analyzer, data processor.
The linearly polarized light beam output by the laser sequentially passes through a partial coherence generating system, a torsion phase generating system, a radial polarization generator and an optical vortex generator to obtain a radial polarization torsion vortex Gaussian Sheller mode light beam; the obtained radial polarization twist vortex Gaussian Schhell mode light beam passes through an atmospheric turbulence simulation device and is received by an optical receiving antenna, and then enters M 2 Factor analyzer, M 2 The factor analyzer outputs M of the received light beam 2 Factors are transmitted to a data processor; finally, the relative M of the light beam is calculated by a data processor 2 Factors to analyze the resistance of the generated beam to atmospheric turbulence and is relative to M 2 The smaller the factor, the greater the resistance of the beam to atmospheric turbulence.
Preferably, the laser is a He-Ne laser or Nd: YAG laser and CO 2 Either a laser or a fiber laser.
Preferably, the partial coherence generating system includes: beam expander, cylindrical lens I, rotary frosted glass, thin lens I, spatial light modulator, thin lens II, diaphragm and thin lens III. After the laser output from the laser is expanded by the beam expander, the laser is focused on the rotating frosted glass by the cylindrical lens I, the emergent beam is collimated by the thin lens I, the amplitude of the beam is shaped by the spatial light modulator, and finally the anisotropic Gaussian Scher mode beam is generated by the thin lens II, the diaphragm and the thin lens III.
Preferably, the working wavelength of the beam expander is the same as that of the laser.
Preferably, the spatial light modulator is a Holoeye LC2012 spatial light modulator or a P1920-400-800-HDMI series spatial light modulator.
Preferably, the distortion phase generating system is composed of 3 cylindrical lenses: a cylindrical lens II, a cylindrical lens III and a cylindrical lens IV. The focal length of the cylindrical lens II is twice that of the cylindrical lenses III and IV. 3 cylindrical lenses are placed equidistantly; the cylindrical lens II, the cylindrical lens IV and the y axis are placed at an angle of 45 degrees, the cylindrical lens III and the y axis are placed at an angle of 45 degrees, and the placement position of the cylindrical lens III is orthogonal to the cylindrical lens II and the cylindrical lens IV. The light beam emitted by the partially coherent light generating system passes through the distortion phase generating system to generate a distorted Gaussian-mode light beam.
Preferably, the working wavelength of the cylindrical lenses I, II, III and IV is the same as that of the laser.
Preferably, the radial polarization generator is a radial polarization plate with the same working wavelength as the laser, and the light beam output by the distortion phase generating system generates a radial polarization distortion Gaussian Shell mode light beam after passing through the radial polarization generator.
Preferably, the optical vortex generator is a spiral phase plate with the same working wavelength as the laser, and the light beam output by the radial polarization generator generates radial polarization twist vortex Gaussian Sheller mode light beam after passing through the optical vortex generator.
Preferably, the atmospheric turbulence simulation device is a turbulence hot air box or a turbulence phase plate.
Preferably, the optical receiving antenna is a cassegrain telescope, a Grigay telescope, a Newton telescope, a Galilean telescope, or a Kepler telescope.
Preferably, said M 2 The factor analyzer is M2-200 series laser M 2 Factor analyzer, beamSquared-M 2 Factor analyser or THORLABS-M 2 Any one of the analyzers.
Preferably, the data processor is installed with a computer programmed with the computer program.
The turbulence resistance analysis of the obtained beam is specifically as follows: the generated light beam is simulated by atmospheric turbulenceThe device is then received by an optical receiving antenna; passing the light beam received by the optical receiving antenna through M 2 The factor analyzer measures the obtained data and transmits the data to the data processor to calculate the relative M 2 Factor, using relative M 2 The factor enables an analysis of the turbulence resistance of the generated beam and is relative to M 2 The smaller the factor, the greater the resistance of the beam to atmospheric turbulence.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device for generating the beam resistant to the atmospheric turbulence has the advantages that no special requirement is required for optical elements, and the structure is simple; the resulting beam has at the same time: partially coherent, non-uniformly polarized, twisted and vortex phase structures have significantly increased resistance to atmospheric turbulence compared to beams having a single structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial coherence generating system of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a torsion phase generating system of the apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-laser, 2-partial coherence generating system, 3-distortion phase generating system, 4-radial polarization generator, 5-optical vortex generator, 6-atmosphere turbulence simulation device, 7-optical receiving antenna, 8-M 2 Factor analyzer, 9-data processor, 10-beam expander, 11-cylindrical lens I, 12-rotating ground glass, 13-thin lens I, 14-spatial light modulator, 15-thin lens II, 16-diaphragm, 17-thin lens III, 18-cylindrical lens II, 19-cylindrical lens III, 20-cylindrical lens IV.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for a light beam having an anti-atmospheric turbulence capability according to the present invention comprises: laser 1, partial coherence generating system 2, distortion phase generating system 3, radial polarization generator 4, optical vortex generator 5, atmospheric turbulence simulation device 6, optical receiving antenna 7, M 2 A factor analyzer 8 and a data processor 9.
The linearly polarized light beam output by the laser 1 sequentially passes through a partially coherent light generation system 2, a distortion phase generation system 3, a radial polarization generator 4 and an optical vortex generator 5 to obtain a radial polarization distortion vortex Gaussian Shell mode light beam; the obtained radial polarization twist vortex Gaussian Schhell mode light beam passes through an atmospheric turbulence simulation device 6 and is received by an optical receiving antenna 7, and then enters M 2 Factor analyzer 8, M 2 The factor analyzer 8 outputs M of the received light beam 2 The factors are transmitted to a data processor 9; finally the relative M of the beam is calculated by a data processor 9 2 Factors to analyze the resistance of the generated beam to atmospheric turbulence and is relative to M 2 The smaller the factor, the greater the resistance of the beam to atmospheric turbulence.
As shown in fig. 2, the partial coherence generating system includes: beam expander 10, cylindrical lens I11, rotary frosted glass 12, thin lens I13, spatial light modulator 14, thin lens II 15, diaphragm 16, thin lens III 17. The linearly polarized light beam outputted from the laser 1 passes through a beam expander 10, a cylindrical lens i 11, a rotary frosted glass 12, a thin lens i 13, a spatial light modulator 14, a thin lens ii 15, a diaphragm 16, and a thin lens iii 17 in this order in a partially coherent light generating system.
As shown in fig. 3, the warp phase generation system includes: column lens II 18, column lens III 19, column lens IV 20. After passing through the partial coherence generating system 2, the light beam enters the distortion phase generating system 3, and sequentially passes through a cylindrical lens II 18, a cylindrical lens III 19 and a cylindrical lens IV 20.
Example 1
In this example 1, the laser 1 was a He-Ne laser having a wavelength of 632.8nm; the focal length of the thin lens I13 in the partial coherence generating system 2 is 400mm, the focal lengths of the thin lens II 15 and the thin lens III 17 are 200mm, and the spatial light modulator 14 is a Holoey LC2012 spatial light modulator; the operating wavelength of the cylindrical lens I11 in the partial coherence generating system 2, the cylindrical lens II 18, the cylindrical lens III 19, the cylindrical lens IV 20 in the twisted phase generating system 3, the radial polarizer in the radial polarization generator 4 and the spiral phase plate in the optical vortex generator 5 are all 632.8nm.
The focal length of the cylindrical lenses I11, II 18 and IV 20 is 200mm, and the focal length of the cylindrical lens III 19 is 400mm; the atmospheric turbulence is uniformly distributed atmospheric turbulence; the optical receiving antenna 7 is a Cassegrain telescope; m is M 2 The factor analyzer 8 is M2-200 series laser M 2 A factor analyzer; the atmosphere turbulence simulation device is a turbulence hot air box.
The analysis of the atmospheric turbulence resistance of the beam is realized through an experimental device shown in fig. 1, an experimental instrument is installed according to fig. 1, the He-Ne laser outputs linearly polarized light, the center wavelength of the linearly polarized light is 632.8nm, the beam passes through a partially coherent light generating system 2 to generate an anisotropic Gaussian model beam, the beam waist width of the beam becomes 10mm after being expanded by a beam expander 10 in the partially coherent light generating system 2, the generated beam is then made to pass through a distortion phase generating system 3 to obtain a distorted Gaussian model beam, the obtained beam passes through a radial polarization generator 4 to output a radially polarized distorted Gaussian model beam, the output beam finally enters an optical vortex generator 5 to generate a radially polarized distorted vortex Gaussian model beam, and the topological charge number of the beam is given to be 2 by a spiral phase plate. Next, in order to verify the resistance to the atmospheric turbulence, the atmospheric turbulence simulation device 6 is used to simulate the laser to transmit 3Km, 5Km and 8Km in the atmospheric turbulence, and then the laser is received by the optical receiving antenna 7 and then enters M 2 Factor analyzer 8, M 2 The factor analyzer 8 analyzes M of the received light beam 2 The factors are transmitted to a data processor 9, and finally the relative M of the beams is calculated by the data processor 9 2 Factors are used to analyze the beam's resistance to atmospheric turbulence.
The radial polarization twist vortex Gaussian Schhell mode beam calculated and output in this example 1 transmitted phases after 3Km, 5Km, 8Km in atmospheric turbulenceFor M 2 The factors are: 1.3960, 2.2894, 4.2860, and for a simple Gaussian beam the relative M after the same distance in atmospheric turbulence 2 The factors are: 2.6454, 5.3974, 11.1024.
Example 2
This embodiment maintains the same laser 1 as in embodiment 1, with the twist phase generator 3 and the radial polarization generator 4, respectively, deactivated, and the other devices maintained unchanged. Then, each optical component was mounted according to the experimental apparatus structure of fig. 1, and other operation experimental steps and calculations were the same as before. Calculate the relative M of the resulting beam when the warp phase generating system 3 is removed 2 The factors are: 1.9795, 3.7855, 7.5601; the relative M of the resulting beam when the radial polarization generator 4 is removed 2 The factors are: 1.7071, 3.1083, 6.0812. Comparative example 1 it can be seen that the relative M of the beam of example 2 transmitted in atmospheric turbulence 2 The factor is significantly higher than in example 1, which shows that the resistance of the generated beam to atmospheric turbulence is reduced when the twisted phase generating system and the radial polarization generator are eliminated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An apparatus for preventing the light beam from being turbulent by atmosphere is composed of laser, partial coherent generating system, twisting phase generating system, radial polarization generator, optical vortex generator, atmosphere turbulence simulator, optical receiving antenna and M 2 The factor analyzer and the data processor are characterized in that;
the linearly polarized light beam output by the laser sequentially passes through a partially coherent light generating system, a torsion phase generating system and radial deviationThe vibration generator and the optical vortex generator obtain a radial polarization twist vortex Gaussian scher mode beam; after passing through the atmospheric turbulence simulation device, the radial polarization twist vortex Gaussian Schhell mode light beam is received by the optical receiving antenna and then enters M 2 Factor analyzer, M 2 The factor analyzer outputs M of the received light beam 2 Factors are transmitted to a data processor;
the partial coherence generation system includes: the method comprises the steps of enabling laser output by a laser to be expanded through a beam expander, focusing the laser on the rotating frosted glass through the cylindrical lens I, collimating the emergent beam through the thin lens I, shaping the amplitude of the beam through the spatial light modulator, and finally generating an anisotropic Gaussian Shell mode beam through the thin lens II, the diaphragm and the thin lens III; the working wavelength of the beam expander and the cylindrical lens I is the same as that of the laser, and the spatial light modulator is any one of a HoloeyeLC2012 spatial light modulator or a P1920-400-800-HDMI series spatial light modulator;
the distortion phase generation system consists of 3 cylindrical lenses: the focal length of the cylindrical lens II, the cylindrical lens III and the cylindrical lens IV is twice that of the cylindrical lens II and the cylindrical lens IV; 3 cylindrical lenses are placed equidistantly; the cylindrical lens II, the cylindrical lens IV and the y axis are placed at an angle of 45 DEG, the cylindrical lens III and the y axis are placed at an angle of 45 DEG, and the placement position of the cylindrical lens III is orthogonal to the cylindrical lens II and the cylindrical lens IV; when the light beam emitted by the partially coherent light generating system passes through the distortion phase generating system, the light beam sequentially passes through the column lens II, the column lens III and the column lens IV to generate a distorted Gaussian Shell mode light beam; the working wavelength of the cylindrical lens II, the cylindrical lens III and the cylindrical lens IV is the same as that of the laser.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the laser is a He-Ne laser, nd: YAG laser and CO 2 Either a laser or a fiber laser.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the radial polarization generator is a radial polarizer with the same operating wavelength as the laser, and the light beam output by the distortion phase generating system passes through the radial polarization generator to generate a radial polarization distorted gaussian scher mode light beam.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the optical vortex generator is a spiral phase plate with the same working wavelength as the laser, and the light beam output by the radial polarization generator passes through the optical vortex generator to generate a radial polarization twist vortex gaussian schser mode light beam.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the atmospheric turbulence simulation device is any one of a turbulent hot blast box and a turbulent phase plate.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the optical receiving antenna is a cassegrain telescope, a grigay telescope, a newton telescope, a galilean telescope, or a kepler telescope.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the M is a beam of light with anti-atmospheric turbulence capability 2 The factor analyzer is M2-200 series laser M 2 Factor analyzer, beamSquared-M 2 Factor analyser or THORLABS-M 2 Any one of the analyzers.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the data processor is provided with a programmed computer.
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| CN114152596B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2024-01-12 | 西华大学 | Method and device for measuring generalized index parameter of atmospheric turbulence based on sharpness parameter |
| CN114624895B (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2023-02-10 | 苏州大学 | System and method for generating partial coherence vector power exponent vortex light beam |
| CN115061282B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-11-10 | 浙江理工大学 | Vector light field size and angle controllable system based on torsional phase modulation |
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