CN114624895B - System and method for generating partial coherence vector power exponent vortex light beam - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of optics, and discloses a system and a method for generating a partial coherence vector power exponent vortex light beam, which comprises a computer, a spatial light modulator, a half-wave plate, a radial polarizer and a third lens, wherein the spatial light modulator is used for modulating a light beam; a computer is connected to the spatial light modulator, the computer being configured to load the spatial light modulator with the hologram of power exponent helical phase. The system and the method for generating the vortex light beam of the partial coherence vector power index can realize the light intensity distribution of triangle, quadrangle and pentagram and the polarization state of space change by adding the spiral phase distribution of space index change to the traditional partial coherence vector light beam, regulating the size of coherence degree, the numerical values of index phase gradient factors and topological charges, and have higher regulation freedom degree compared with the traditional partial coherence vector light beam and reserve higher energy because the polarization state distribution has vector characteristics and the central light intensity has a dark nucleus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to a system and a method for generating a partial coherence vector power exponent vortex light beam.
Background
In recent years, vortex beams gradually become a large research hotspot in the field of light field regulation. With zero central light intensity, has a helical wavefront and carries orbital angular momentum. The method has important application value in the fields of micro-nano processing, particle manipulation, optical communication, optical measurement, super-resolution imaging and the like. In order to meet the increasingly complex application requirements, researchers need to construct special vortex beams to meet the complex application requirements. Further, laser light is a light beam having high coherence. However, in practical applications, the coherence of the light beam may be reduced, for example, after the light beam passes through atmospheric turbulence, or rotating a diffuser. Such a reduced coherence beam is referred to as a partially coherent beam. Gori first proposed the concept of a partially coherent vortex beam, which indicates that a partially coherent vortex beam can be represented by the incoherent superposition of a series of laguerre gaussian beams. Along with the reduction of coherence, the central light intensity of the vortex light beam is not zero any more, and the dark hollow structure of the vortex light beam is gradually changed into Gaussian distribution, so that the light beam shaping from the dark hollow to the Gaussian distribution can be realized. For a partially coherent vortex beam, the phase singularity at the center of the beam disappears and translates into a coherent singularity, i.e., a point where the cross spectral density is zero. Coherent singularities and phase singularities can be interconverted by manipulating the magnitude of the coherence.
Polarization is a large intrinsic property of a light beam, and the light beam can be divided into two types, namely scalar light beam and vector light beam according to the polarization property of the light beam. Wherein the polarization state of the scalar beam is mainly linear polarization, left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization which are spatially invariant; the vector light beam mainly has radial polarization, rotation polarization, high-order polarization and the like, and is characterized by having polarization state distribution with space variation. In a tightly focused condition, radially polarized light can be focused to a focused spot that is smaller than the scalar beam. Wolf gives a unified theory of coherence and polarization of the beam, and Guo et al demonstrate that when a vortex phase is introduced into a partially coherent radially polarized beam, the vortex phase it carries has the effect of counteracting the coherence-induced degradation of the light intensity distribution and coherence-induced depolarization. Zeng et al have demonstrated that introducing fractional order vortex phase into a partially coherent radial polarized beam can achieve complex manipulation of high and low refractive index particles, and achieve modulation of polarization state by modulating phase distribution, and thus can be used for measurement of phase objects. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that partially coherent vector beams carrying vortex phases are helpful in beam shaping, ghost imaging, and further reducing the effects of turbulence. Therefore, constructing a unique partially coherent vector vortex beam is very important in basic scientific research and practical applications.
At present, there are two main methods for constructing Partially coherent vector Vortex beams, the first method is to adjust the phase of the Partially coherent vector beam and introduce an integer order Vortex phase to generate an integer order Partially coherent Vortex beam (Guo, l.n., et al (2016), "Vortex phase-induced changes of the static properties of a Partially coherent Vortex polarized beam," Optics Express 24 (13): 13714), and the second method is to adjust the topological charge of the Partially coherent Vortex beam to construct a Partially coherent vector fractional order Vortex beam with fractional order Vortex phase, (Zeng J, et al (2020), "partial coherent polar Vortex activated Vortex Express 28 (8): 11493).
First, for a conventional integer order partially coherent vector vortex beam, the topological charge number is an integer, and the amount of change in the vortex phase within one period is an integer multiple of 2 π. Under the condition of high coherence, the light intensity is distributed in a circular ring, and the polarization state is distributed in a rotation polarization mode; as the degree of coherence decreases, the light intensity is Gaussian spot distribution, and the polarization state changes into circular polarization.
Second, when the topological charge number is not an integer, a partially coherent fractional order vortex light beam with a gap can be generated, and the shaping of the light intensity distribution is realized. In addition, due to the asymmetrical phase distribution of the fractional order phase, the distribution of the polarization state can be regulated and controlled by changing the fractional order topological charge value.
In summary, the scheme of the integer order vortex phase can only form the light intensity distribution of the circular partially coherent vector light beam, while the scheme of the fractional order vortex phase can only realize the partially coherent vortex light beam with the notch when the scheme generates various polarization state distributions, and can only realize the light intensity distribution similar to the circular when the scheme is high coherent, and the degree of freedom of regulation and control of the light intensity distribution is not high, and the light intensity distribution cannot be stably transmitted in a free space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a system for generating a partial coherent vector power exponent vortex light beam which has high feasibility and high regulation freedom and reserves higher energy.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a system for generating a partial coherence vector power exponent vortex beam, comprising a computer, a spatial light modulator, a half-wave plate, a radial polarizer, and a third lens;
the computer is connected with the spatial light modulator and is used for loading the hologram with the power exponent spiral phase to the spatial light modulator;
the spatial light modulator is used for receiving the partially coherent light beam and modulating the partially coherent light beam to obtain a partially coherent light beam with a power exponent spiral phase;
the half-wave plate is used for modulating the polarization direction of the partially coherent light beam with the power exponent spiral phase into vertical polarization;
the radial polarizer is used for modulating the polarization direction of the vertically polarized partially coherent light beam with the power exponent spiral phase into radial polarization;
the third lens is used for focusing the radial polarized partial coherent light beam with power exponent spiral phase to obtain a partial coherent vector power exponent vortex light beam with the spatial change of the polarization state.
As a further improvement of the invention, the system also comprises a partially coherent light beam generating system, wherein the partially coherent light beam generating system comprises a laser, a collimation and beam expansion element, a first lens, a light beam scattering element, a second lens and a Gaussian filter;
the laser is used for producing the complete coherent light beam, the collimation expands the beam component and is used for right the complete coherent light beam carries out the collimation and expands the beam, first lens are used for with the complete coherent light beam focus after the collimation expands on the component is broken up to the light beam, the component is broken up to the light beam breaks up the complete coherent light beam and generates the complete incoherent light beam, the second lens carries out Fourier transform to the complete incoherent light beam, the Gaussian filter piece carries out amplitude filtering to the complete incoherent light beam after Fourier transform and obtains the partial coherent light beam that has Gaussian light intensity distribution.
As a further improvement of the invention, the beam breaking element is a rotating ground glass, and the surface of the rotating ground glass is provided with tiny particles which are subject to Gaussian statistical distribution.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the collimated beam expanding element is a beam expander.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the spatial light modulator is a transmissive spatial light modulator or a reflective spatial light modulator; when the spatial light modulator is a reflective spatial light modulator, the system for generating the partially coherent vector power exponent vortex light beam further comprises a beam splitting cube, and the partially coherent light beam is transmitted to the reflective spatial light modulator through the beam splitting cube, reflected back to the beam splitting cube through the reflective spatial light modulator, and reflected to the half-wave plate through the beam splitting cube.
As a further improvement of the invention, the cross spectral density matrix of the partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam is represented as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,<>representing the operation of ensemble averaging; "+" indicates the complex conjugate operation; ex (r) and Ey (r) represent the horizontal and vertical polarization components, respectively, of the radially polarized power-exponent vortex beam electric field when fully coherent; r is 1 And r 2 A radial coordinate vector representing any two points; x and y respectively represent a horizontal axis and a vertical axis of the rectangular coordinate system; its electric field can be expressed as:
wherein, w 0 Representing the initial beam waist radius of a light beam, theta represents an angular coordinate vector, i is an imaginary unit, rem (eta) is a complementation function, l is a topological charge number, and n is an exponential phase gradient factor; the partially coherent power index can be regulated and controlled by regulating the topological charge number and the size of the exponential phase gradient factorCounting the light intensity distribution of the vortex light beam; substituting the formulas (2) and (3) into the formula (1) to obtain the cross spectrum density expression of the partial coherent vector power exponent vortex beam in the space-frequency domain:
wherein:
wherein σ αβ Representing an initial coherence length of the light beam; theta.theta. 1 And theta 2 Representing an angular coordinate vector of any two points.
As a further improvement of the invention, a camera is also included, and the camera images the generated partial coherence vector power exponent vortex light beam.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the computer obtains the power exponent helical phase loaded on the spatial light modulator by MATLAB calculation.
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention further provides a method for generating a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam, the method comprising:
receiving the partially coherent light beam by using a spatial light modulator loaded with the power exponent spiral phase, and modulating the partially coherent light beam to obtain a partially coherent light beam with the power exponent spiral phase;
modulating a polarization direction of a partially coherent light beam having a power exponent helical phase to a vertical polarization;
modulating the polarization direction of a vertically polarized partially coherent light beam with a power-exponential helical phase to a radial polarization;
the radially polarized partially coherent light beam with a power exponent spiral phase is focused to obtain a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam with a spatial variation of polarization state.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the polarization direction of the partially coherent light beam with power-exponential spiral phase is modulated to vertical polarization using a half-wave plate;
the polarization direction of a vertically polarized partially coherent light beam with a power-exponential helical phase is modulated into a radial polarization with a radial polarizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the system and the method for generating the vortex light beam of the partial coherence vector power index can realize the light intensity distribution of triangle, quadrangle and pentagram and the polarization state of space change by adding the spiral phase distribution of space index change to the traditional partial coherence vector light beam, regulating the size of coherence degree, the numerical values of index phase gradient factors and topological charges, and have higher regulation freedom degree compared with the traditional partial coherence vector light beam and reserve higher energy because the polarization state distribution has vector characteristics and the central light intensity has a dark nucleus.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for generating a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the intensity distribution of a partially coherent vector power exponential vortex beam at the focal plane of a third lens obtained in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the labeling: 1. a laser; 2. a collimated beam expanding element; 3. a first lens; 4. a beam break-up element; 5. a second lens; 6. a Gaussian filter; 7. a beam splitting cube; 8. a spatial light modulator; 9. a half-wave plate; 10. a radial polarizer; 11. a third lens; 12. a camera.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for generating a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a computer, a spatial light modulator 8, a half-wave plate 9, a radial polarizer 10, and a third lens 11.
The computer is connected with the spatial light modulator 8 and is used for loading the hologram with the power exponent spiral phase to the spatial light modulator 8; the spatial light modulator 8 is used for receiving the partially coherent light beam and modulating the partially coherent light beam to obtain a partially coherent light beam with a power exponent spiral phase; the half-wave plate 9 is used for modulating the polarization direction of the partially coherent light beam with power exponent spiral phase to vertical polarization; the radial polarizer 10 is used for modulating the polarization direction of the vertically polarized partially coherent light beam with power exponent helical phase into radial polarization; the third lens 11 is used for focusing the radially polarized partially coherent light beam with power exponent spiral phase to obtain a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex light beam with spatially varying polarization state.
In some embodiments, the system for generating a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam further comprises a partially coherent beam generation system comprising a laser 1, a collimated beam expanding element 2, a first lens 3, a beam breaking element 4, a second lens 5, and a gaussian filter 6.
The laser 1 is used for producing the complete coherent light beam, collimation beam expanding element 2 is used for right the complete coherent light beam carries out the collimation and expands the beam, first lens 3 is used for focusing the complete coherent light beam after the collimation expands on light beam scattering element 4, light beam scattering element 4 is broken up the complete coherent light beam and is generated complete incoherent light beam, second lens 5 carries out Fourier transform to the complete incoherent light beam, gaussian filter 6 carries out amplitude filtering to the complete incoherent light beam after the Fourier transform and obtains the partial coherent light beam that has Gaussian light distribution.
Optionally, the beam breaking element 4 is a rotating ground glass, the surface of which has tiny particles following a gaussian statistical distribution. Specifically, the rotating ground glass is disposed on the back focal plane of the first lens 3 and the front focal plane of the second lens 5.
Optionally, the collimated beam expanding element 2 is a beam expander.
Optionally, the spatial light modulator 8 is a transmissive spatial light modulator 8 or a reflective spatial light modulator 8; when the spatial light modulator 8 is a reflective spatial light modulator 8, the system for generating a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam further includes a beam splitting cube 7, and a partially coherent beam is transmitted from the beam splitting cube 7 to the reflective spatial light modulator 8, reflected by the reflective spatial light modulator 8 back to the beam splitting cube 7, and reflected by the beam splitting cube 7 to the half-wave plate 9.
In some embodiments, the system for generating a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam further comprises a camera 12, the camera 12 is disposed on a back focal plane of the third lens 12, and the camera 12 images the generated partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam.
Alternatively, the computer obtains the power exponent helical phase loaded on the spatial light modulator 8 by MATLAB calculation.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the cross spectral density matrix of the partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam is represented as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,<>representing the operation of ensemble averaging; "+" indicates the complex conjugate operation; ex (r) and Ey (r) represent the horizontal and vertical polarization components, respectively, of the radially polarized power-exponent vortex beam electric field when fully coherent; r is 1 And r 2 A radial coordinate vector representing any two points; x and y respectively represent a horizontal axis and a vertical axis of the rectangular coordinate system; its electric field can be expressed as:
wherein, w 0 Representing the initial beam waist radius of a light beam, theta represents an angular coordinate vector, i is an imaginary unit, rem (eta) is a complementation function, l is a topological charge number, and n is an exponential phase gradient factor; the light intensity distribution of the partially coherent power index vortex light beam can be regulated and controlled by regulating the topological charge number and the size of the exponential phase gradient factor; substituting the formulas (2) and (3) into the formula (1) to obtain the cross-spectrum density expression of the partial coherent vector power exponent vortex beam in the space-frequency domain:
wherein:
wherein σ αβ Represents an initial coherence length of the beam; theta 1 And theta 2 Representing an angular coordinate vector of any two points.
Equation (5) is the conventional gaussian correlation function. In order to realize the partially coherent vector power exponent vortex light beam, the invention utilizes rotating ground glass to generate a partially coherent light beam with a Gaussian correlation structure, then a hologram with a power exponent spiral phase is loaded through a spatial light modulator, after the partially coherent light beam passes through the spatial light modulator, the partially coherent power exponent vortex light beam with a polygonal structure can be generated, and finally the polarization state distribution of the partially coherent power exponent vortex light beam is regulated through a radial polarizer, so that the partially coherent vector power exponent vortex light beam with the required polarization state space change is generated.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also discloses a method for generating a partial coherence vector power exponent vortex light beam, which comprises the following steps:
s1, receiving a partially coherent light beam by using a spatial light modulator 8 loaded with a power exponent spiral phase, and modulating the partially coherent light beam to obtain a partially coherent light beam with the power exponent spiral phase;
s2, modulating the polarization direction of the partially coherent light beam with the power exponent spiral phase into vertical polarization;
s3, modulating the polarization direction of the vertically polarized partially coherent light beam with the power exponent spiral phase into radial polarization;
s4, focusing the radial polarized partial coherent light beams with power exponent spiral phases to obtain partial coherent vector power exponent vortex light beams with spatially-changed polarization states.
Optionally, the polarization direction of the partially coherent light beam with power-exponential helical phase is modulated into vertical polarization with a half-wave plate 9;
the polarization direction of the vertically polarized partially coherent light beam with power-exponential helical phase is modulated into radial polarization by means of a radial polarizer 10.
The method for generating the partial coherence vector power exponent vortex light beam in the embodiment is based on the system for generating the partial coherence vector power exponent vortex light beam, and therefore the specific implementation of the method can be seen in the embodiment of the system for generating the partial coherence vector power exponent vortex light beam in the foregoing, so that the specific implementation thereof can refer to the description of the corresponding partial embodiment, and is not further described herein.
To verify the effectiveness of the present invention, in one embodiment, the laser used was a continuous wave solid state laser with a wavelength of 532nm and a power of 100mW. The focal lengths of the first lens 3 and the second lens 5 are both 100mm, and the focal length of the third lens 11 is 500mm. The rotating ground glass is in the back focal plane of the first lens 3 and in the front focal plane of the second lens 5. The roughness of the rotating ground glass is 400, and the rotating speed of the rotating ground glass is controlled by a 3-volt stabilized voltage supply. The spatial light modulator is a reflective spatial light modulator: the HOLOEYE PLUTO-VIS-016, with a size of 1920 × 1080 pixels and a pixel size of 8 μm, was input to the spatial light modulator via a personal computer. The camera is a professional CCD camera ECO655MVGE, and the specific parameters are 2448 × 2050 pixels in size and 3.45 μm in pixel size.
As shown in FIG. 2, the intensity distribution of such a partial coherent vector power exponential vortex beam at the focal plane of the third lens 11 having a focal length of 500mm is obtained for the simulation. Initial beam waist radius w of the light beam 0 Is 1mm, coherence length σ αβ Is 1mm and the exponential phase gradient factor n is 2. As can be seen from fig. 2, by changing the value of the topological charge number l when the exponential phase gradient factor n is equal to 2 constant, wherein l =3 in graph (a); l =4 in graph (b) and l =3 in graph (c); can respectively generate light intensity distribution of triangle, quadrangle and pentagram. In addition, since the partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam has a spatially varying polarization state distribution with a polarization singularity at the center, the beam center does not become gaussian due to reduced coherence but has a weaker light intensity distribution. Compared with the traditional partially coherent vector vortex light beam which only has circular light intensity distribution, the invention realizes the light intensity structure regulation and the polarization regulation of the partially coherent light beam, and provides potential application for the field of particle manipulation.
The system and the method for generating the vortex light beam of the partial coherence vector power index can realize the light intensity distribution of triangle, quadrangle and pentagram and the polarization state of space change by adding the spiral phase distribution of space index change to the traditional partial coherence vector light beam, regulating the size of coherence degree, the numerical values of index phase gradient factors and topological charges, and have higher regulation freedom degree compared with the traditional partial coherence vector light beam and reserve higher energy because the polarization state distribution has vector characteristics and the central light intensity has a dark nucleus.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitutions or changes made by the person skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A system for generating a partial coherence vector power exponent vortex beam comprises a computer, a spatial light modulator, a half-wave plate, a radial polarizer and a third lens;
the computer is connected with the spatial light modulator and is used for loading the hologram with the power exponent spiral phase to the spatial light modulator;
the spatial light modulator is used for receiving the partially coherent light beam and modulating the partially coherent light beam to obtain a partially coherent light beam with a power exponent spiral phase;
the half-wave plate is used for modulating the polarization direction of the partially coherent light beam with the power exponent spiral phase into vertical polarization;
the radial polarizer is used for modulating the polarization direction of the vertically polarized partially coherent light beam with the power exponent spiral phase into radial polarization;
the third lens is used for focusing the radial polarized partial coherent light beam with the power exponent spiral phase to obtain a partial coherent vector power exponent vortex light beam with the spatially-changed polarization state;
the system comprises a laser, a collimation and beam expansion element, a first lens, a beam scattering element, a second lens and a Gaussian filter;
the laser is used for producing the complete coherent light beam, the collimation expands the beam component and is used for right the complete coherent light beam carries out the collimation and expands the beam, first lens are used for with the complete coherent light beam focus after the collimation expands on the component is broken up to the light beam, the component is broken up to the light beam breaks up the complete coherent light beam and generates the complete incoherent light beam, the second lens carries out Fourier transform to the complete incoherent light beam, the Gaussian filter piece carries out amplitude filtering to the complete incoherent light beam after Fourier transform and obtains the partial coherent light beam that has Gaussian light intensity distribution.
2. The system for generating a partially coherent vector power-exponent vortex beam of claim 1, wherein the beam breaking element is a rotating ground glass having a surface with tiny particles subject to a gaussian statistical distribution.
3. The system for generating a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam of claim 1, wherein the collimated beam expanding element is a beam expander.
4. The system for generating a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam of claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator is a transmissive spatial light modulator or a reflective spatial light modulator; when the spatial light modulator is a reflective spatial light modulator, the system for generating the partially coherent vector power exponent vortex light beam further comprises a beam splitting cube, and the partially coherent light beam is transmitted to the reflective spatial light modulator through the beam splitting cube, reflected back to the beam splitting cube through the reflective spatial light modulator, and reflected to the half-wave plate through the beam splitting cube.
5. The system for generating a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam of claim 1, wherein the cross spectral density matrix of the partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam is expressed as:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,<>representing the operation of ensemble averaging; "+" indicates the complex conjugate operation; ex (r) and Ey (r) represent the horizontal and vertical polarization components, respectively, of the radially polarized power-exponent vortex beam electric field when fully coherent; r is 1 And r 2 A radial coordinate vector representing any two points; x and y respectively represent a horizontal axis and a vertical axis of the rectangular coordinate system; the electric field can be expressed as:
wherein, w 0 Representing the initial beam waist radius of a light beam, theta represents an angular coordinate vector, i is an imaginary unit, rem (eta) is a complementation function, l is a topological charge number, and n is an exponential phase gradient factor; the light intensity distribution of the partially coherent power index vortex light beam can be regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the topological charge number and the size of the exponential phase gradient factor; substituting the formulas (2) and (3) into the formula (1) to obtain the cross-spectrum density expression of the partial coherent vector power exponent vortex beam in the space-frequency domain:
wherein:
wherein σ αβ Representing an initial coherence length of the light beam; theta 1 And theta 2 Representing an angular coordinate vector of any two points.
6. The system for generating a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam of claim 1, further comprising a camera that images the generated partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam.
7. The system for generating a partially coherent vector power exponential vortex beam of claim 1 wherein said computer derives the power exponential spiral phase loading on said spatial light modulator by MATLAB calculations.
8. A method for generating a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam, comprising:
receiving the partially coherent light beam by using a spatial light modulator loaded with the power exponent spiral phase, and modulating the partially coherent light beam to obtain a partially coherent light beam with the power exponent spiral phase;
modulating a polarization direction of a partially coherent light beam having a power exponent helical phase to a vertical polarization;
modulating the polarization direction of a vertically polarized partially coherent light beam with a power index helical phase to a radial polarization;
focusing a radially polarized partially coherent light beam with a power exponent spiral phase to obtain a partially coherent vector power exponent vortex light beam with a spatially varying polarization state;
the system comprises a laser, a collimation and beam expansion element, a first lens, a beam scattering element, a second lens and a Gaussian filter;
the laser is used for producing the complete coherent light beam, the collimation expands the beam component and is used for right the complete coherent light beam carries out the collimation and expands the beam, first lens are used for with the complete coherent light beam focus after the collimation expands on the component is broken up to the light beam, the component is broken up to the light beam breaks up the complete coherent light beam and generates the complete incoherent light beam, the second lens carries out Fourier transform to the complete incoherent light beam, the Gaussian filter piece carries out amplitude filtering to the complete incoherent light beam after Fourier transform and obtains the partial coherent light beam that has Gaussian light intensity distribution.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the polarization direction of the partially coherent light beam with power exponent helical phase is modulated to vertical polarization by a half-wave plate;
the polarization direction of a vertically polarized partially coherent light beam with a power-exponential helical phase is modulated into a radial polarization with a radial polarizer.
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