CN113655625A - Light beam device with atmospheric turbulence resistance - Google Patents

Light beam device with atmospheric turbulence resistance Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113655625A
CN113655625A CN202111032210.5A CN202111032210A CN113655625A CN 113655625 A CN113655625 A CN 113655625A CN 202111032210 A CN202111032210 A CN 202111032210A CN 113655625 A CN113655625 A CN 113655625A
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light beam
laser
cylindrical lens
atmospheric turbulence
generation system
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CN113655625B (en
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赵亮
徐勇根
杨宁
许颖
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Xihua University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0927—Systems for changing the beam intensity distribution, e.g. Gaussian to top-hat
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
    • G02B27/0955—Lenses
    • G02B27/0961—Lens arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
    • G02B27/0955—Lenses
    • G02B27/0966—Cylindrical lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/0988—Diaphragms, spatial filters, masks for removing or filtering a part of the beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/30—Collimators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of laser free space communication, in particular to a device for generating a light beam with atmospheric turbulence resistance. The device is characterized in that linear polarization laser output by a laser sequentially passes through a partial coherence generation system, a twisted phase generation system, a radial polarization generator and an optical vortex generator in sequence to generate a beam of partial coherence radial polarization twisted vortex light beam. The light beam has four anti-atmospheric turbulence structures of partial coherence, twisted phase, vortex phase and non-uniform polarization, so that the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the phase structure of the light beam can be effectively inhibited, and the light beam has potential application value in the fields of free space optical communication, laser radar and the like.

Description

Light beam device with atmospheric turbulence resistance
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of space laser communication, and particularly relates to a light beam device with atmospheric turbulence resistance.
Background
Because the laser has the advantages of high intensity, good directivity, good monochromaticity, high coherence, high spatial resolution and the like, the laser is widely applied and rapidly developed in the aspects of modern industry, agriculture, medicine, communication, national defense and the like. In recent years, with the development of atmospheric optics, the application of laser in the atmosphere is increasing. Free space laser communication (FSO) is a typical representative thereof. FSO is a technology that uses laser as an information carrier to perform information transfer and exchange between ground platforms, air-to-ground platforms, and the like. It has the following characteristics: (1) the ultra-large bandwidth is more than 10000 times of the microwave communication bandwidth; (2) no spectrum application is required; (3) the FSO equipment has small volume, low power consumption, convenient and quick deployment, no need of building optical fiber, cable and other equipment, and low cost; (4) the security and the confidentiality are strong; (5) the information transmission is not easy to block. In particular, in recent years, research into a vortex beam having Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) in the FSO field has been rapidly developed. Research shows that the OAM carried by the vortex light beam can greatly improve the transmission capacity of laser communication data and easily reach the Tbit/s level capacity.
In FSO, the laser is used as an information transmission channel in free space or atmosphere. However, not only suspended particles and aerosol exist in the atmosphere, which can generate absorption, scattering and other effects on light transmitted in the atmosphere, resulting in attenuation of light spot energy; and the atmosphere turbulence exists in the atmosphere, which is caused by random fluctuation of physical characteristics such as pressure, speed, temperature and the like at each point due to irregular random movement of the atmosphere. The presence of atmospheric turbulence causes random fluctuations in the refractive index of the atmosphere, which causes random fluctuations in the phase and amplitude of the light beam transmitted through the atmosphere, further resulting in a series of deleterious turbulence effects including beam broadening, flicker, and coherence degradation. This results in increased error rates and reduced channel capacity in FSO, which greatly restricts the application and development of FSO. Not only FSO, laser applications in the atmosphere include: the fields of laser radar, atmospheric remote sensing and the like also face serious challenges.
At present, there have been many investigations on the resistance of laser light to atmospheric turbulence. The use of partially coherent light, the use of non-uniformly polarized light, etc. has greatly improved the laser's ability to resist turbulence, but the search for beams with stronger structures that resist atmospheric turbulence has not been stopped. Therefore, generating a light beam with strong anti-turbulence capability is very important for the application and development of laser in the atmosphere.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a light beam device with the capability of resisting atmospheric turbulence, which mainly regulates and controls the phase, coherence and polarization of the output light beam of a laser so that the light beam device simultaneously has a series of structures for resisting atmospheric turbulence, such as partial coherence, non-uniform polarization, twisted phase and vortex phase, so as to generate a stronger light beam for resisting the atmospheric turbulence; the generated light was then analyzed for atmospheric turbulence resistance.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a light beam device with atmospheric turbulence resistance comprises a laser, a partial coherence generation system, a twist phase generation system, a radial polarization generator, an optical vortex generator, an atmospheric turbulence simulation device, an optical receiving antenna, and a light source M2Factor analyzer, data processor.
Linearly polarized light beams output by the laser sequentially pass through the partial coherence generation system, the distortion phase generation system, the radial polarization generator and the optical vortex generator to obtain a beam of radial polarization distortion vortex Gaussian schel mode light beams; the obtained radial polarization twisted vortex Gaussian schel mode light beam passes through an atmospheric turbulence simulation device, is received by an optical receiving antenna, and then enters into the M2In a factor analyzer, M2Factor analyzer outputs M of received light beam2The factor is transmitted to a data processor; finally, the relative M of the light beam is calculated by a data processor2Factor to analyze the ability of the generated beam to resist atmospheric turbulence, and relative to M2The smaller the factor, the stronger the beam's ability to resist atmospheric turbulence.
Preferably, the laser is a He-Ne laser, Nd: YAG laser, CO2Either a laser or a fiber laser.
Preferably, the partial coherence generating system comprises: the device comprises a beam expanding lens, a cylindrical lens I, rotating ground glass, a thin lens I, a spatial light modulator, a thin lens II, a diaphragm and a thin lens III. Laser output from a laser is expanded by a beam expander and then focused on rotating ground glass through a cylindrical lens I, an emergent light beam is collimated through a thin lens I, the amplitude of the light beam is shaped by a spatial light modulator, and finally the light beam passes through a thin lens II, a diaphragm and a thin lens III to generate an anisotropic Gaussian Shel light beam.
Preferably, the working wavelength of the beam expander is the same as that of the laser.
Preferably, the spatial light modulator is a Holoeye LC2012 spatial light modulator or a P1920-400-800-HDMI series spatial light modulator.
Preferably, the twist phase generating system comprises 3 cylindrical lenses: a cylindrical lens II, a cylindrical lens III and a cylindrical lens IV. The focal length of the cylindrical lens II is twice that of the cylindrical lens III and that of the cylindrical lens IV. 3 cylindrical lenses are arranged at equal intervals; the cylindrical lens II, the cylindrical lens IV and the y axis are placed at an angle of minus 45 degrees, the cylindrical lens III and the y axis are placed at an angle of 45 degrees, and the position of the cylindrical lens III is orthogonal to the cylindrical lens II and the cylindrical lens IV. The beam emitted by the partial coherent light generating system passes through the distortion phase generating system to generate a distorted Gaussian Shel mode beam.
Preferably, the working wavelength of the cylindrical lens I, the cylindrical lens II, the cylindrical lens III and the cylindrical lens IV is the same as that of the laser.
Preferably, the radial polarization generator is a radial polarizer with the same working wavelength as the laser, and the beam output by the twisted phase generation system generates a radial polarization twisted gaussian schel mode beam after passing through the radial polarization generator.
Preferably, the optical vortex generator is a spiral phase plate with the same working wavelength as the laser, and the light beam output by the radial polarization generator generates a radial polarization twisted vortex gaussian schel mode light beam after passing through the optical vortex generator.
Preferably, the atmospheric turbulence simulation device is a turbulent hot air box or a turbulent phase plate.
Preferably, the optical receiving antenna is a Cassegrain telescope, a Gray Gauli telescope, a Newton telescope, a Galileo telescope or a Keplerian telescope.
Preferably, said M2The factor analyzer is M2-200 series laser M2Factor analysers, BeamSquared-M2Factor analyzer or THORLABS-M2Any one of the analyzers.
Preferably, the data processor is a computer with a programmed computer program installed therein.
The anti-turbulence analysis of the obtained light beam is specifically as follows: the generated light beams are received by an optical receiving antenna after passing through an atmospheric turbulence simulation device; passing the light beam received by the optical receiving antenna through M2The factor analyzer obtains data through measurement and transmits the data to the data processor to calculate relative M2Factor, using the relative M2Factor can be used to analyze the anti-turbulence capability of the generated light beam, and relative to M2The smaller the factor, the stronger the beam's ability to resist atmospheric turbulence.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device for generating the atmospheric turbulence resistant light beam is provided, and the optical element of the device has no special requirement and has a simple structure; the light beam is generated simultaneously with: partially coherent structures, non-uniform polarization structures, twisted phase structures, and vortex phase structures have a significantly increased ability to resist atmospheric turbulence compared to a beam having a single structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a partial coherence generating system of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a twist phase generating system of the apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-laser, 2-partial coherence generation system, 3-twist phase generation system, 4-radial polarization generator, 5-optical vortex generator, 6-atmospheric turbulence simulation device, 7-optical receiving antenna, and 8-M2Factor analyzer, 9-data processor, 10-beam expander, 11-cylindrical lens I, 12-rotating ground glass, 13-thin lens I, 14-spatial light modulator and 15-thin lensA mirror II, a 16-diaphragm, a 17-thin lens III, an 18-cylindrical lens II, a 19-cylindrical lens III and a 20-cylindrical lens IV.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described below clearly and completely, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for light beam with anti-atmospheric turbulence capability of the present invention comprises: the device comprises a laser 1, a partial coherence generation system 2, a twist phase generation system 3, a radial polarization generator 4, an optical vortex generator 5, an atmospheric turbulence simulation device 6, an optical receiving antenna 7 and an M2 A factor analyzer 8 and a data processor 9.
Linearly polarized light beams output by the laser 1 pass through the partially coherent light generation system 2, the twisted phase generation system 3, the radial polarization generator 4 and the optical vortex generator 5 in sequence to obtain a beam of radial polarization twisted vortex Gaussian schel mode light beams; the obtained radial polarization twisted vortex Gaussian schel mode light beam passes through an atmospheric turbulence simulation device 6, is received by an optical receiving antenna 7, and then enters M2In the factor analyzer 8, M2Factor analyzer 8 outputs M of the received light beam2The factor is transmitted to the data processor 9; finally the relative M of the beam is calculated by the data processor 92Factor to analyze the ability of the generated beam to resist atmospheric turbulence, and relative to M2The smaller the factor, the stronger the beam's ability to resist atmospheric turbulence.
As shown in fig. 2, the partial coherence generating system includes: the device comprises a beam expander 10, a cylindrical lens I11, a rotating ground glass 12, a thin lens I13, a spatial light modulator 14, a thin lens II 15, a diaphragm 16 and a thin lens III 17. The linearly polarized light beam output from the laser 1 passes through a beam expander 10, a cylindrical lens I11, a rotating ground glass 12, a thin lens I13, a spatial light modulator 14, a thin lens II 15, an aperture 16 and a thin lens III 17 in sequence in a partially coherent light generation system.
As shown in fig. 3, the skew phase generating system includes: cylindrical lens II 18, cylindrical lens III 19 and cylindrical lens IV 20. The light beam passes through the partial coherence generation system 2, enters the twisted phase generation system 3, and passes through a cylindrical lens II 18, a cylindrical lens III 19 and a cylindrical lens IV 20 in sequence inside.
Example 1
The laser 1 in this example 1 is a He — Ne laser having a wavelength of 632.8 nm; the focal length of a thin lens I13 in the partial coherence generation system 2 is 400mm, the focal lengths of a thin lens II 15 and a thin lens III 17 are 200mm, and the spatial light modulator 14 is a Holoeye LC2012 spatial light modulator; the working wavelength of the cylindrical lens I11 in the partial coherence generation system 2, the cylindrical lens II 18 in the twist phase generation system 3, the cylindrical lens III 19, the cylindrical lens IV 20, the radial polarizer in the radial polarization generator 4 and the spiral phase plate in the optical vortex generator 5 is 632.8 nm.
The focal lengths of the cylindrical lens I11, the cylindrical lens II 18 and the cylindrical lens IV 20 are 200mm, and the focal length of the cylindrical lens III 19 is 400 mm; the atmospheric turbulence is uniformly distributed atmospheric turbulence; the optical receiving antenna 7 is a cassegrain telescope; m2The factor analyzer 8 is an M2-200 series laser M2A factor analyzer; the atmospheric turbulence simulation device is a turbulent hot air box.
The analysis of the atmospheric turbulence resistance of the light beam is realized by the experimental device shown in fig. 1, and an experimental instrument is installed according to fig. 1, wherein a He-Ne laser outputs linearly polarized light with a center wavelength of 632.8nm, the light beam passes through a partially coherent light generation system 2 to generate an anisotropic gaussian schel model light beam, the beam waist width of the anisotropic gaussian schel model light beam is changed into 10mm after being expanded by a beam expander 10 in the partially coherent light generation system 2, the generated light beam passes through a twisted phase generation system 3 to obtain a twisted gaussian schel model light beam, the obtained light beam passes through a radial polarization generator 4 to output a radial polarization twisted gaussian schel model light beam, and finally the output light beam enters an optical vortex generator 5 to generate a radial polarization twisted gaussian schel model light beam, and the topological charge number given to the light beam by a spiral phase plate is 2. The following is an experimentThe ability of resisting the atmospheric turbulence is proved, the atmospheric turbulence simulation device 6 is utilized to simulate the laser to transmit 3Km, 5Km and 8Km in the atmospheric turbulence, then the laser is received by the optical receiving antenna 7 and enters the M2In the factor analyzer 8, M2The factor analyzer 8 will receive M of the light beam2The factors are transmitted to a data processor 9, and finally the relative M of the light beams is calculated by the data processor 92The factor analyzes the light beam's ability to resist atmospheric turbulence.
This example 1 calculates the relative M of the output radial polarization twisted vortex Gaussurel mode light beam after transmitting 3Km, 5Km and 8Km in the atmosphere turbulence2The factors are: 1.3960, 2.2894, 4.2860, and relative M after the same distance in atmospheric turbulence for a simple gaussian beam2The factors are: 2.6454, 5.3974, 11.1024.
Example 2
This embodiment maintains the same laser 1 as in embodiment 1, with the twist phase generator 3 and radial polarization generator 4 removed, respectively, and the other devices left unchanged. Then, each optical component is installed according to the experimental device structure of fig. 1, and other operation experimental steps and calculations are the same as before. Calculating the relative M of the obtained light beam after removing the distortion phase generation system 32The factors are: 1.9795, 3.7855, 7.5601; relative M of the resulting light beam when the radial polarization generator 4 is removed2The factors are: 1.7071, 3.1083, 6.0812. Comparative example 1 it can be seen that the relative M of the beam transmitted in atmospheric turbulence in example 2 is2The factor is significantly higher than in example 1, which indicates that the atmospheric turbulence resistance of the generated beam is reduced when the twist phase generating system and the radial polarization generator are eliminated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A light beam device with atmospheric turbulence resistance comprises a laser, a partial coherence generation system, a twist phase generation system, a radial polarization generator, an optical vortex generator, an atmospheric turbulence simulation device, an optical receiving antenna, and a light source M2The factor analyzer and the data processor are characterized in that;
linearly polarized light beams output by the laser sequentially pass through the partial coherent light generation system, the twisted phase generation system, the radial polarization generator and the optical vortex generator to obtain a beam of radial polarization twisted vortex Gaussian schel mode light beams; after passing through the atmospheric turbulence simulation device, the radial polarization twisted vortex Gaussurel mode light beam is received by the optical receiving antenna and then enters the M2In a factor analyzer, M2Factor analyzer outputs M of received light beam2The factors are transmitted to a data processor.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the laser is He-Ne laser, Nd: YAG laser, CO2Either a laser or a fiber laser.
3. The device for light beam with anti-atmospheric turbulence capability of claim 1, wherein the partial coherence generating system comprises: the laser beam shaping device comprises a beam expander, a cylindrical lens I, rotary ground glass, a thin lens I, a spatial light modulator, a thin lens II, a diaphragm and a thin lens III, wherein laser output by a laser is expanded by the beam expander and is focused on the rotary ground glass through the cylindrical lens I, an emergent light beam is collimated through the thin lens I, the amplitude of the light beam is shaped by the spatial light modulator, and finally the anisotropic Gaussian schel model light beam is generated through the thin lens II, the diaphragm and the thin lens III; the working wavelength of the beam expander and the working wavelength of the cylindrical lens I are the same as that of the laser, and the spatial light modulator is any one of a Holoeye LC2012 spatial light modulator or a P1920-400-800-HDMI series spatial light modulator.
4. The device for light beam with anti-turbulent flow capability of claim 1, wherein said twist phase generating system is composed of 3 cylindrical lenses: the focal length of the cylindrical lens II is twice that of the cylindrical lens III and the cylindrical lens IV; 3 cylindrical lenses are arranged at equal intervals; the cylindrical lens II and the cylindrical lens IV are placed in a rotating mode at an angle of minus 45 degrees, the cylindrical lens III is placed in a rotating mode at an angle of 45 degrees, and the placing position of the cylindrical lens III is orthogonal to the cylindrical lens II and the cylindrical lens IV; when the light beam emitted by the partial coherent light generation system passes through the distortion phase generation system, the light beam sequentially passes through the cylindrical lens II, the cylindrical lens III and the cylindrical lens IV to generate a distorted Gaussian Shel mode light beam; the working wavelength of the cylindrical lens II, the cylindrical lens III and the cylindrical lens IV is the same as that of the laser.
5. The device for optical beams with anti-turbulent flow capability of claim 1, wherein the radial polarization generator is a radial polarizer with the same operating wavelength as the laser, and the optical beams output by the twist phase generation system pass through the radial polarization generator to generate radial polarization twisted Gaussian model optical beams.
6. The device for light beam with anti-atmospheric turbulence capability of claim 1, wherein the optical vortex generator is a spiral phase plate with the same operating wavelength as the laser, and the light beam output by the radial polarization generator passes through the optical vortex generator to generate a radial polarization twisted vortex gaussian schel mode light beam.
7. The device for light beam with anti-atmospheric turbulence capability of claim 1, wherein said atmospheric turbulence simulation device is any one of a turbulent hot air box or a turbulent phase plate.
8. The device for light beam with anti-atmospheric turbulence capability of claim 1, wherein said optical receiving antenna is a cassegrain telescope, or a griigy telescope, or a newton telescope, or a galilean telescope, or a keplerian telescope.
9. The device for light beam with anti-atmospheric turbulence capability of claim 1, wherein said M is a number of M2The factor analyzer is M2-200 series laser M2Factor analysers, BeamSquared-M2Factor analyzer or THORLABS-M2Any one of the analyzers.
10. The device for light beam with anti-atmospheric turbulence capability of claim 1, wherein the data processor is equipped with a computer programmed with a computer program.
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CN115061282A (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-09-16 浙江理工大学 Vector light field size and angle controllable system based on twisted phase modulation
WO2023155237A1 (en) * 2022-02-21 2023-08-24 苏州大学 Generation system and method for partially coherent vector power exponent vortex beam

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