CN113654455A - Method for testing material strain - Google Patents
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- CN113654455A CN113654455A CN202111069353.3A CN202111069353A CN113654455A CN 113654455 A CN113654455 A CN 113654455A CN 202111069353 A CN202111069353 A CN 202111069353A CN 113654455 A CN113654455 A CN 113654455A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
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Abstract
A method for testing material strain relates to the technical field of material magneto-strain testing. The invention aims to solve the problems of limited test direction, larger error of strain value and high requirement on sample quality of the traditional PPMS (magneto-dependent strain measurement) method. The invention arranges a strain gauge on a sample to be measured; adjusting the magnetic field of a sample to be tested, measuring the resistance value of the strain gauge in the test magnetic field range by using the PPMS, respectively subtracting each resistance value in the test magnetic field range from the initial resistance to obtain a resistance change value, and calculating the magnetic strain of the sample to be tested according to the resistance change value; adjusting the temperature of the space where the sample to be tested is located, measuring the resistance value of the strain gauge within the test temperature range by using the PPMS, respectively subtracting each resistance value within the test temperature range from the initial resistance to obtain a resistance change value, and calculating the temperature-induced strain quantity of the sample to be tested according to the resistance change value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material magnetic strain testing.
Background
When the external environment (such as temperature, magnetic field, etc.) changes, the material itself will generate a certain strain, especially under the conditions of extremely low temperature and strong magnetic field, and the strain behavior research is an important parameter for characterizing the material characteristics under the extreme environment. At present, two methods of optical (interference method, optical lever method) and electrical (resistance method and capacitance method) are mainly used for measuring strain. Among them, the interferometric method, the optical lever method and the capacitive method are suitable for measuring the magnetic strain of the sample in only one dimension direction (such as the length direction of the sample). The resistance method can realize the strain measurement of the sample in different dimensional directions (such as the length direction and the vertical length direction of the sample) by means of the quantity and the layout of the adhered strain gauges. However, the magnetic field or temperature change range provided by the conventional magnetostriction and expansion coefficient testing equipment is small, the requirements on the size and the shape of a sample are high, and the testing requirements of some special materials, particularly hard-to-process brittle materials, are difficult to meet. Some special low-temperature strong magnetic field strain test systems need to be matched with various instruments for testing, and the structure is complex. Therefore, the method for testing the magnetic strain with simple and convenient operation and high precision is adopted to represent the strain characteristic of the material in the extreme environment of extremely low temperature and strong magnetic field, and has very important significance for theoretical research and engineering application research in the field of physical materials and condensed states.
A comprehensive physical property testing system (PPMS) is a system which can automatically and highly accurately measure various physical properties such as magnetism, electricity, heat and the like on an automatically controlled extremely-low-temperature and high-intensity magnetic field platform. The expansion measurement option can measure the thermal expansion rate and the magnetostrictive effect of the sample in a temperature range of 2K-400K and a magnetic field range of 0-14T. However, the principle of PPMS is based on capacitance measurement, and is only suitable for measuring the magnetic strain of a sample in one dimension direction (such as the length direction of the sample), and the module for measuring the magnetic strain has high requirements on the size and the shape of the sample, and is not suitable for the test of a brittle material which is difficult to process. In addition, in the prior art, the method for testing the material magnetic strain by using the electrical performance testing module on the PPMS requires that a sample is completely fixed on a sample holder, and a cable for collecting signals is connected with a strain gauge by using a special sample rod. However, this limits the strain of the material in the magnetic field to a certain extent, especially for materials with small strain, resulting in large error of the obtained strain value and requiring an additional strain gauge to obtain the test signal. Meanwhile, from the viewpoint of the crystal structure of the material, anisotropy of the material may be caused due to the differently oriented crystal structures. Therefore, the existing strain measurement method of PPMS has the problems of limited test direction, large error of strain value, high sample quality requirement and the like. For the above reasons, there is a need for a method for testing the magnetic strain of materials in different directions on PPMS, so as to facilitate the application of PPMS in the development of new materials and the extension of testing functions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for testing material strain, aiming at solving the problems of limited test direction, larger error of strain value and high requirement on sample quality of the traditional PPMS (magneto-dependent strain) measurement method.
A method of testing the strain of a material comprising the steps of:
an initialization step: arranging a strain gauge 4 on a sample 3 to be measured, connecting the strain gauge 4 with positive and negative current electrodes and positive and negative voltage electrodes of the PPMS, and measuring the resistance value R of the strain gauge 4 under the initial condition by using a PPMS system0The initial conditions are as follows: the temperature is room temperature, and the magnetic field intensity is zero;
and (3) a magnetic strain testing step: adjusting the magnetic field of the sample 3 to be tested, measuring the resistance value of the strain gauge 4 in the test magnetic field range by using PPMS, and respectively comparing each resistance value in the test magnetic field range with R0Making difference to obtain resistance change value delta R1According to the resistance variation value DeltaR1Calculating the magnetic strain of the sample 3 to be measured;
and (3) temperature-induced strain testing: adjusting the temperature of the space where the sample 3 to be tested is located, measuring the resistance value of the strain gauge 4 in the test temperature range by using the PPMS, and respectively comparing each resistance value in the test temperature range with R0Making difference to obtain resistance change value delta R2According to the resistance variation value DeltaR2The temperature-induced strain amount of the sample 3 to be measured is calculated.
Further, the strain gauge 4 is attached to the sample 3 to be measured through low temperature resistant glue.
Further, the number of the strain gauges 4 on the sample 3 to be measured is 1, and the strain gauges 4 are located on a horizontal plane or a vertical plane.
Further, the number of the strain gauges 4 on the sample 3 to be measured is 2, and the two strain gauges 4 are both located on the horizontal plane and are perpendicular to each other.
Further, the number of the strain gauges 4 on the sample 3 to be measured is 2, and the two strain gauges 4 are respectively located on a horizontal plane and a vertical plane.
Further, the sample 3 to be measured is clamped by the sample mounting table 2, so that the sample 3 to be measured is not limited when generating strain.
Furthermore, the range of the test magnetic field is 1-14T.
Further, the testing temperature range is 2K-400K.
Further, the amount of magnetic strain ε of the sample 3 to be measured was calculated according to the following formula1：
Where K is the sensitivity coefficient of the strain gauge 4.
Further, the temperature-induced strain epsilon of the sample 3 to be measured is calculated according to the following formula2：
Where K is the sensitivity coefficient of the strain gauge 4.
The method for testing the material strain uses a comprehensive physical property testing system and an autonomously developed sample mounting platform to form a functional layout, measures the resistance value change condition of a strain gauge attached to a sample in different directions in the process of magnetic field change or temperature change, and obtains the magnetic strain and the temperature-induced strain of the material in different directions through calculation. Meanwhile, the invention avoids the strain test error caused by sample fixation and saves the additional strain gauge test process.
The method is suitable for the magnetic strain measurement of the magnetic material which is difficult to process and brittle, is also suitable for the material with higher temperature sensitivity in a low-temperature environment, can be analogized to be used for the strain measurement including the magnetic strain, the temperature-induced strain and the electric strain of the conventional material, and solves the problems of single test direction, high test requirement on shape and the like of the existing magnetic strain measurement method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for implementing a method for testing the magnetic strain of a material;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the sample mounting stage;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrode connection between the PPMS electrical performance test sample holder and the strain gauge;
FIG. 4 is a resistance variation curve of a CoAlSiTi high-entropy intermetallic compound in a 0-2T magnetic field variation range at room temperature;
FIG. 5 is a strain variation curve of a CoAlSiTi high-entropy intermetallic compound in a 0-2T magnetic field variation range under room temperature conditions.
In the figure, 1, a PPMS electricity performance test sample support, 2, a sample mounting table, 3, a sample to be tested, 4, a strain gauge, 5 and a lead.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the method for testing material strain in the present embodiment, specifically, the method for testing material magnetic strain and temperature-induced strain in an extreme environment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, where the testing environment of the method is a testing magnetic field range of 1 to 14T (preferably 1 to 1.5T), and the testing temperature range is 2K to 400K.
The method comprises the following steps:
an initialization step: the sample mounting table 2 is adhered to a PPMS electricity performance test sample holder 1 through low temperature resistant glue, and an insulating tape substrate is adhered to the PPMS electricity performance test sample holder 1. The sample mount table 2 centre gripping sample 3's that awaits measuring one end, the mode of centre gripping can make sample 3's that awaits measuring the other end be in free state for sample 3 that awaits measuring can freely stretch out and draw back when producing to meet an emergency, can not receive the restriction. And adhering a high-precision resistance strain gauge 4 on the sample 3 to be tested by using low-temperature-resistant glue. Meanwhile, two leads 5 are respectively connected to welding points of two leads of the strain gauge 4 by silver paste, so that the four leads 5 can be respectively connected with an I-electrode, an I + electrode, a V-electrode and a V + electrode on the PPMS electrical performance test sample holder 1. Finally, the mounted device was placed entirely in the sample chamber of the PPMS test device. Resistance value R of strain gauge 4 under initial condition is measured by using test software MultiVu of PPMS0Said initiationThe conditions are as follows: the temperature is room temperature and the magnetic field intensity is zero.
In the present embodiment, the number of strain gauges 4 is 1 or 2. When the number of the strain gauges 4 on the sample 3 to be measured is 1, the strain gauges 4 are located on a horizontal plane or a vertical plane, and strain in one direction is detected.
When the number of the strain gauges 4 on the sample 3 to be tested is 2, the total number of the 8 leads 5 is respectively connected with the two groups of electrodes on the electric performance test sample support 1 for the PPMS. There are two test methods: firstly, the two strain gauges 4 are positioned on a horizontal plane or a vertical plane and are vertical to each other, so that the strain in two directions of the same plane can be detected; and two strain gauges 4 are respectively positioned on a horizontal plane and a vertical plane, so that the strain of the two planes can be detected.
7031 is selected as low temperature resistant glue. The sample 3 to be tested has a cubic structure. The sample mounting stage 2, as shown in fig. 2, includes a base and a concave clamping portion fixed on the upper surface of the base and integrated with the base. One end of the sample 3 to be tested is fixed in the groove of the clamping part by low temperature resistant glue, so that the levelness and the verticality of the sample 3 to be tested are ensured. In this embodiment, only one end of the sample 3 to be measured is fixed, and the sample 3 to be measured can be subjected to unlimited strain in the magnetic field.
And (3) a magnetic strain testing step: and adjusting the magnetic field of the sample 3 to be tested, and measuring the resistance value of the strain gauge 4 in the test magnetic field range by using the test software MultiVu of the PPMS to obtain a continuous resistance value curve. Each resistance value on the resistance value curve is respectively connected with R0Making difference to obtain resistance change value delta R1Curve (c) of (d). And then the magnetic strain epsilon of the sample 3 to be measured is calculated according to the following formula1：
Where K is the sensitivity coefficient of the strain gauge 4.
And (3) temperature-induced strain testing: adjusting the temperature of the space where the sample 3 to be tested is located, and measuring the resistance value of the strain gauge 4 in the test temperature range by using the test software MultiVu of the PPMS to obtain a continuous resistance value curveA wire. Each resistance value on the resistance value curve is respectively connected with R0Making difference to obtain resistance change value delta R2Curve (c) of (d). Further, the temperature-induced strain epsilon of the sample 3 to be measured is calculated according to the following formula2：
Where K is the sensitivity coefficient of the strain gauge 4.
Claims (10)
1. A method of testing the strain of a material, comprising the steps of:
an initialization step: arranging a strain gauge (4) on a sample (3) to be measured, connecting the strain gauge (4) with positive and negative current electrodes and positive and negative voltage electrodes of the PPMS, and measuring the resistance value R of the strain gauge (4) under an initial condition by using a PPMS system0The initial conditions are as follows: the temperature is room temperature, and the magnetic field intensity is zero;
and (3) a magnetic strain testing step: adjusting the magnetic field of the sample (3) to be tested, measuring the resistance value of the strain gauge (4) in the test magnetic field range by using PPMS (point-to-multipoint measurement system), and respectively comparing each resistance value in the test magnetic field range with R0Making difference to obtain resistance change value delta R1According to the resistance variation value DeltaR1Calculating the magnetic strain of the sample (3) to be measured;
and (3) temperature-induced strain testing: adjusting the temperature of the space where the sample (3) to be tested is located, measuring the resistance value of the strain gauge (4) in the test temperature range by using the PPMS, and respectively comparing each resistance value in the test temperature range with R0Making difference to obtain resistance change value delta R2According to the resistance variation value DeltaR2And calculating the temperature-induced strain quantity of the sample (3) to be measured.
2. A method for testing the strain of a material according to claim 1, characterized in that the strain gauge (4) is attached to the sample (3) to be tested by means of a low temperature resistant glue.
3. A method of measuring material strain as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number of strain gauges (4) on the sample (3) to be measured is 1, the strain gauges (4) being located on a horizontal or vertical plane.
4. A method for testing the strain of a material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number of strain gauges (4) on the sample (3) to be tested is 2, and both strain gauges (4) are located on a horizontal plane and perpendicular to each other.
5. A method of measuring material strain as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number of strain gauges (4) on the sample (3) to be measured is 2, the two strain gauges (4) being located on a horizontal and a vertical plane, respectively.
6. A method of testing the strain of a material according to claim 1, characterized in that the sample (3) to be tested is held by the sample mounting table (2) so that the sample (3) to be tested is not restrained when the strain is generated.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the test magnetic field is in a range of 1-14T.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the test temperature is in the range of 2K to 400K.
9. A method for testing the strain of a material according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of the magnetic strain epsilon of the sample (3) to be tested is calculated according to the following formula1：
Wherein K is the sensitivity coefficient of the strain gauge (4).
10. A method of testing the strain of a material according to claim 1,calculating the temperature-induced strain epsilon of the sample (3) to be measured according to the following formula2：
Wherein K is the sensitivity coefficient of the strain gauge (4).
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| CN202111069353.3A CN113654455A (en) | 2021-09-13 | 2021-09-13 | Method for testing material strain |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102012416A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-04-13 | 上海大学 | Method and system for measuring strain characteristic of material under extreme condition |
| CN102012460A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-04-13 | 上海大学 | Method and system for measuring alternating current impedance characteristic of material or electronic component under extreme condition |
| CN104267155A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-07 | 曲靖师范学院 | Measurement device for strain characteristics of material under extreme conditions |
| CN204165919U (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-02-18 | 曲靖师范学院 | Strain measurement equipment under multiple physical field |
| CN105372171A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2016-03-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Concrete cracking overall process testing device based on true environment |
| CN110044706A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-23 | 北京交通大学 | The test device and method of the rift grain tensile characteristics of ancient building wood material |
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- 2021-09-13 CN CN202111069353.3A patent/CN113654455A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102012416A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-04-13 | 上海大学 | Method and system for measuring strain characteristic of material under extreme condition |
| CN102012460A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-04-13 | 上海大学 | Method and system for measuring alternating current impedance characteristic of material or electronic component under extreme condition |
| CN104267155A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-07 | 曲靖师范学院 | Measurement device for strain characteristics of material under extreme conditions |
| CN204165919U (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-02-18 | 曲靖师范学院 | Strain measurement equipment under multiple physical field |
| CN105372171A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2016-03-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Concrete cracking overall process testing device based on true environment |
| CN110044706A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-23 | 北京交通大学 | The test device and method of the rift grain tensile characteristics of ancient building wood material |
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