CN108917587B - A kind of resistance-strain type curvature sensor based on favour stone full-bridge principle - Google Patents
A kind of resistance-strain type curvature sensor based on favour stone full-bridge principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN108917587B CN108917587B CN201810497164.8A CN201810497164A CN108917587B CN 108917587 B CN108917587 B CN 108917587B CN 201810497164 A CN201810497164 A CN 201810497164A CN 108917587 B CN108917587 B CN 108917587B
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001006 Constantan Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036244 malformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to strain measurement technique fields, are related to a kind of resistance-strain type curvature sensor based on favour stone full-bridge principle, which is mostly installed in the structure for generating bending or tension and compression deformation, can generate tension and compression or bending strain.The resistance-strain type curvature sensor connects multiple resistance strain sensors according to favour stone full-bridge principle, the quick and precisely measurement of strain is realized first, then favour stone full-bridge principle equilibrium temperature is recycled to influence, structural texture curvature estimation form simultaneously realizes the direct precise measurement of any measuring point curvature of structure.The present invention optimizes sensor arrangement position, has not only balanced influence of the temperature to strain, but also can accurately directly obtain structural curvature, convenience of calculation in measured place；Using only single strain bridge box and single acquisition channel can measurement structure curvature, equipment connection is simple, simplifies experimental implementation, while significantly reducing acquisition cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to strain measurement technique fields, are related to a kind of resistance-strain type curvature based on favour stone full-bridge principle
Sensor.
Background technique
In monitoring structural health conditions field, judging whether structure occurs damage using the camber mode of structure is more effectively
A kind of mode, however the method that the curvature of structure often mostly uses numerical value to calculate at present obtains, and it is bent still to lack a kind of directly measurement
The sensor of rate.In Practical Project field, calculates curvature and mostly use single resistance strain sensor survey engineering structure certain point
Strain, by multimetering, later to data carry out difference obtain the curvature.But this method comes with some shortcomings:
The number of sensors needed is more, and the acquisition channel of occupancy is more, therefore acquisition cost is higher；Necessary temperature-compensating in measurement process,
Increase temperature-compensating plate, equipment connection is complicated；Farther out, measurement curvature accuracy is not high, and can not calculate head for sensor spacing
The curvature of tail point.
The curvature measurement precision prescribed of some structures is higher in Practical Project, while guaranteeing low cost, device simple.Resistance
Strain transducer is a kind of widely used high-precision mechanical quantity sensing element, and basic task is exactly the deformation component surface
Amount is changed into electric signal, inputs relevant instrument and meter and is analyzed.Resistance strain sensor with cheap, easy to make and
The advantages that simple is laid, is widely used in experimental study and Practical Project field at present.
To overcome the defect of curvature estimation, while the acquisition cost of traditional curvature measurement is reduced, the invention proposes one kind
Based on the resistance-strain type curvature sensor of favour stone full-bridge principle, the direct measurement of curvature can be accurately realized.
Summary of the invention
To solve the problems, such as that curvature measurement higher cost, equipment connection is complicated and computational accuracy is not high, realizes low cost
Curvature precise measurement, the present invention provides a kind of resistance-strain type curvature sensors based on favour stone full-bridge principle.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of resistance-strain type curvature sensor based on favour stone full-bridge principle is mostly installed at generation bending or tension and compression
In the structure of deformation, tension and compression or bending strain can be generated, realizes the direct precise measurement of any measuring point curvature of structure；The resistance
Strain-type curvature sensor connects multiple resistance strain sensors according to favour stone full-bridge principle, realizes the quick of strain first
Accurate measurement, then recycles favour stone full-bridge principle equilibrium temperature to influence, while structural texture curvature estimation form, realizes knot
The precise measurement of structure curvature.
The resistance-strain type curvature sensor includes the resistance strain sensor group 3 being arranged in base 1 and covers
The protective mulch 2 of 1 top of base, resistance strain sensor group 3 are connected with lead-out wire 4.The resistance strain sensor group 3
Including four identical and resistance strain sensor a5, b16, b27 for being connect with external strain bridge box 9 by lead-out wire 4 and
C8, strain bridge box 9 are connect by data line 10 with dynamic signal acquisition instrument 11, display recording device 12.The strain bridge
Constant-current source and signal amplifier are equipped with inside box 9, the former provides input voltage U, and the latter is to the output voltage U measured0Carry out letter
Number enhanced processing.The single resistance strain sensor structure includes sensitive grid 13, binder 14 and lead 15.Take with a thickness of
The constantan or nickel chromium triangle paillon of 0.02~0.05mm, is fabricated to palisade using photoetching and etching process, that is, is fabricated to sensitive grid 13 simultaneously
Two leads 15 are exported, uses epoxy resin to paste sensitive grid 13 as binder 14 and is fixed in base 1.
Described four resistance strain sensors a5, b16、b27, c8 is connected according to favour stone full-bridge circuit.Resistance-strain sensing
Device b16 in b27 left side, and alignment is required to be arranged close to, so that center longitudinal axis is parallel, central, transverse axis is overlapped and relatively close apart,
Guarantee the two tension and compression having the same or bending strain；Resistance strain sensor a5 and c8 are arranged in by b16 and b27 compositions
Resistance strain sensor group left and right side, and the center longitudinal axis of a5 and c8 are overlapped, central, transverse axis it is parallel；Finally want
Ask a5 and b1Central, transverse axis spacing between 6 is L, b2Central, transverse axis spacing between 7 and c8 is L.
Input voltage is provided by the constant-current source of strain bridge box 9, draws two circuits, a circuit from constant-current source anode+Eg
Connect a5 and b16, another circuit connection b27 and c8, two circuits are ultimately connected on cathode-Eg；Resistance strain sensor a5
The voltage drop at both ends and b2The difference of the voltage drop at 7 both ends is defined as output voltage U0, by with corresponding Vi+ on strain bridge box 9
Connecting respectively with Vi- can be obtained, U0After the amplifier enhanced processing inside strain bridge box 9, successively it is transmitted to dynamic and believes
Number Acquisition Instrument 11 and display recording device 12 accurately complete the direct measurement of curvature ρ:
Curvature measurement principle of the invention is: according to resistance bridge principle, obtaining bridge output voltage are as follows:
In formula: RaFor the resistance of resistance strain sensor a5, RcFor the resistance of resistance strain sensor c8, Rb1It is answered for resistance
Become sensor b16 resistance, Rb2For resistance strain sensor b27 resistance, RaRc=Rb1Rb2；U is the corresponding direct current of strain bridge box 9
The input voltage of power supply.
Due to RaRc=Rb1Rb2, so initial bridge output voltage U0=0, meet bridge balance, at electric bridge original state
In equilibrium state.
After structure deforms, resistance strain sensor resistance value changes, if the variable quantity of each arm resistance is respectively Δ Ra、
ΔRb1、ΔRb2With Δ Rc, then:
By RaRc=Rb1Rb2Above formula is substituted into, and due to Δ Ri< < Ri, it is micro that high-order can be omitted, therefore obtained:
Since the resistance value of four bridge arms is equal, i.e. Ra=Rb1=Rb2=Rc=R, it is writeable at this time are as follows:
Since four arm resistances are strain transducer, their sensitivity coefficient K is all the same, then by relational expression Δ R/
R=K ε substitutes into above formula and obtains:
In formula, ε=εa-εb1-εb2+εc, εa、εb1、εb2And εcRespectively resistance strain sensor Ra、Rb1、Rb2And RcFelt
The strain received.
Because in measurement process, each resistance strain sensor can be caused by strain and temperature caused by malformation
Strain, consider temperature effect after, substitute into above formula can further obtain:
ε=εa-εb1-εb2+εc
=(ε 'a+εT)-(ε′b1+εT)-(ε′b2+εT)+(ε′c+εT)=ε 'a-ε′b1-ε′b2+ε′c
In formula, ε 'a、ε′b1、ε′b2、ε′cRespectively strain, ε caused by malformationTTo be strained caused by temperature；It can be with
See by optimizing sensor arrangement position, solves the problems, such as temperature-compensating.Because of b1And b2Two strain transducers lean in parallel
Close to place, horizontal direction is approximately equal by structural strain, so it is believed that ε 'b1=ε 'b2.Again due to a and b1Spacing very little and
For L, b2With c spacing very little and be L, according to central difference method curvature estimation formula, available curvature:
In formula, L is resistance strain sensor horizontal direction spacing.
Therefore, the above various arrangement is obtained into measurement voltage:
The as linear relationship of output voltage and curvature measures the output of favour stone full-bridge circuit by single acquisition channel
Voltage, available accurate curvature measurement result.
The innovation of the invention consists in that: (1) by optimization sensor arrangement position, temperature had both been balanced to the shadow of strain
It rings, and can accurately directly obtain structural curvature, convenience of calculation in measured place；(2) strain transducer in the curvature sensor
Spacing is smaller, and curvature estimation accuracy is higher；(3) single strain bridge box is used only and single acquisition channel can measurement structure song
Rate, equipment connection is simple, simplifies experimental implementation, while significantly reducing acquisition cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall construction drawing of curvature measurement sensor；
Fig. 2 is the working principle diagram of curvature measurement sensor；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of curvature measurement sensor；
Fig. 4 is resistance strain sensor structure chart；
In figure: 1 base；2 protective mulches；3 resistance strain sensor groups；4 lead-out wires；5 resistance strain sensor a；6 electricity
Hinder strain transducer b1；7 resistance strain sensor b2；8 resistance strain sensor c；9 strain bridge boxes；10 data lines；11 is dynamic
State signal sampler；12 display recording devices；13 sensitive grid, 14 binder；15 leads.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing:
The present invention provides a kind of resistance-strain type curvature sensors based on favour stone full-bridge principle, if Fig. 1 is resistance
The general structure schematic diagram of strain-type curvature sensor, comprising: base 1, protective mulch 2, resistance strain sensor group 3 and draw
Outlet 4.Entire resistance-strain type curvature sensor is made of double-layer structure, and base 1 can be not only used for arrangement resistance-strain
Sensor, can also prevent resulting interference of the integrated circuit to strain measurement, protective mulch 2 be isolated external environment with
Protect internal component.If Fig. 2 is the working principle diagram of resistance-strain type curvature sensor of the present invention, comprising: four identical
Resistance strain sensor a5, b16、b27 and c8, a strain bridge box 9, data line 10, dynamic signal acquisition instrument 11 and aobvious
Show recording device 12.
Based on curvature measurement principle of the invention: four resistance strain sensors a, b1、b2It is connected with c according to full-bridge circuit,
Full-bridge circuit figure as shown in figure 3, and according to shown in Fig. 2, resistance strain sensor b16 in b27 left side, and require to be aligned
It is arranged close to, so that center longitudinal axis is parallel, central, transverse axis is overlapped and relatively close apart, both guarantees tension and compression having the same or bending
Strain；Resistance strain sensor a5 and c8 are arranged in by b16 and b2The left and right side of the resistance strain sensor group of 7 compositions,
And make a5 parallel with the coincidence of the center longitudinal axis of c8, central, transverse axis；Finally require a5 and b1Central, transverse axis spacing between 6 is
Central, transverse axis spacing between L, b2 (7) and c8 is L；Input voltage is provided by the constant-current source of strain bridge box 9, from constant-current source anode
+ Eg draws two circuits, circuit connection an a5 and b16, another circuit connection b27 and c8, two circuits are ultimately connected to bear
On-the Eg of pole；The voltage drop at the both ends resistance strain sensor a and b2The difference of the voltage drop at both ends is output voltage U0, by with answer
Corresponding Vi+ and Vi- connects respectively on change bridge box 9 can be obtained；In view of the lesser situation of strain signal, it is therefore desirable to defeated
Voltage U out0Processing is amplified by the amplifier inside strain bridge box 9, then is successively transferred to 11 He of dynamic signal acquisition instrument
Display recording device 12 can accurately complete the direct measurement of curvature.
Four resistance strain sensors are bonded in base 1 according to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,6 in four resistance strain sensors
With 7 parallel and near to being arranged together, resistance strain sensor a5 and b1Spacing between 6 is L, b2Spacing between 7 and c8 is
L, base 1 can be not only used for arrangement resistance strain sensor, can also prevent integrated circuit from generating to the result of strain measurement
External environment is isolated to protect internal component in certain interference, protective mulch 2.Single resistance strain sensor structural schematic diagram is such as
Shown in Fig. 4, including sensitive grid 13, binder 14 and lead 15.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the resistance-strain type curvature sensor based on favour stone full-bridge principle, including
Following steps:
The resistance strain sensor with a thickness of 0.02~0.05mm constantan or nickel chromium triangle paillon utilize photoetching and corrosion
Technique is fabricated to palisade, produces identical four resistance strain sensors, it is pasted onto resistance-strain with binder arrangement
In the bottom base 1 of formula curvature sensor；
The binder uses epoxy resin, and glass fabric makees base 1；
The protective mulch 2 is processed by general insulating materials；
Production resulting structures are bonded together and obtain resistance-strain type curvature sensor, when engineer application with common electricity
The method of attaching for hindering strain transducer is identical.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of resistance-strain type curvature sensor based on favour stone full-bridge principle, resistance-strain type curvature sensor installation
In the structure for generating bending or tension and compression deformation, the direct precise measurement of any measuring point curvature of structure can be realized, feature exists
In the resistance-strain type curvature sensor includes resistance strain sensor group (3) and the Gai Ji being arranged on base (1)
Protective mulch (2) above layer (1), resistance strain sensor group (3) are connected with lead-out wire (4)；
The resistance strain sensor group (3) includes four identical resistance strain sensor a (5), b1 (6), b2(7)
It is connect by lead-out wire (4) with external strain bridge box (9) with c (8), four, the strain bridge box (9) passes through data line
(10) it is connect with dynamic signal acquisition instrument (11), display recording device (12)；Be equipped with inside the strain bridge box (9) constant-current source and
Signal amplifier, the former provides input voltage U, and the latter is to the output voltage U measured0Carry out signal enhanced processing；
Four resistance strain sensor a (5), b1(6)、b2(7), c (8) is connected according to favour stone full-bridge circuit；Resistance-strain
Sensor b1 (6), b2(7) alignment so that center longitudinal axis is parallel, central, transverse axis is overlapped and the two tension and compression having the same or
Bending strain；Resistance strain sensor a (5) and c (8) are arranged in by b1 (6) and b2(7) resistance strain sensor formed
The two sides of group, the resistance strain sensor a (5) is overlapped with the center longitudinal axis of c (8), central, transverse axis is parallel；The resistance-strain
Central, transverse axis spacing between sensor a (5) and b1 (6) is L, b2(7) the central, transverse axis spacing between c (8) is L；
Two circuits, circuit connection resistance strain sensor a (5), a b1 are drawn by the constant-current source anode of strain bridge box (9)
(6), another circuit connection resistance strain sensor b2(7), (8) c, finally connect with cathode；Resistance strain sensor a (5)
The voltage drop at both ends and resistance strain sensor b2(7) difference of the voltage drop at both ends is defined as output voltage U0, U0Through overstrain
Bridge box (9) is successively transmitted to dynamic signal acquisition instrument (11) and display recording device (12) after measuring enhanced processing, completes curvature ρ
Direct measurement, i.e.,Wherein, U is the input voltage of strain bridge box (9) corresponding DC power supply, U0For strain bridge box
(9) corresponding output end voltage, K are the sensitivity coefficient of four arm resistances.
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| CN110031085A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-19 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of Damage Assessment Method sensor and Structural Damage Identification based on favour stone full-bridge principle |
| CN110006335A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-12 | 中铁五局集团第四工程有限责任公司 | A kind of near region Tunnel Blasting vibration dynamic strain test method suitable in built tunnel |
| CN115210892A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2022-10-18 | 深圳纽迪瑞科技开发有限公司 | Pressure sensing device and pressure sensing equipment |
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| JPH09280911A (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 1997-10-31 | Toyota Motor Corp | Simultaneously measuring method for pressure, distortion and temperature |
| US7461560B2 (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2008-12-09 | Microstrain, Inc. | Strain gauge with moisture barrier and self-testing circuit |
| US7430920B2 (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2008-10-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Apparatus for measuring a mechanical quantity |
| JP2012154701A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-08-16 | Kyowa Electron Instr Co Ltd | Carrier wave type dynamic strain measuring instrument |
| CN105241372B (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2018-06-29 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Eliminate full-bridge Wheatstone bridge strain measurement system and the method that conductor resistance influences |
| CN105588510B (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2018-01-09 | 浙江工业大学 | Axial direction distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital metal strain plate of axial local derviation outside measurable bilateral piece |
| CN106643463B (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2019-05-14 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of flexibility full-bridge type resistance strain gage |
| CN206531462U (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-09-29 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | A kind of self-temperature compensating gage |
| CN206670548U (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-11-24 | 智性科技南通有限公司 | A kind of channel wireless radio multi strain acquirement node for civil structure health monitoring |
| CN106896156B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2019-06-14 | 湘潭大学 | The girder construction damnification recognition method of uniform load face curvature difference by cross |
| CN108007334B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2020-01-24 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Method and device for measuring step response characteristics of resistance strain measuring instrument |
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