CN113647390B - 一种杀菌组合物在制备金属加工液的应用及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于金属加工液技术领域,特别涉及一种杀菌组合物在制备金属加工液的应用及其制备方法,所述杀菌组合物包括由通式(Ⅰ)所表示的多种化合物,所述化合物如说明书中所限定的。本发明所提供的杀菌组合物可有效解决统杀菌剂在复杂金属加工液体系中稳定性较差的问题,以及传统杀菌剂及其制备方法存在对人体产生毒副作用风险的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于金属加工液技术领域,特别涉及一种杀菌组合物在制备金属加工液的应用及其制备方法。
背景技术
在现有技术中,金属加工液在应用场景下容易滋生细菌导致腐败问题,往其中添加杀菌剂能有效的解决使用中的发臭问题。市面上常见的杀菌剂主要有以下几类,三嗪、BIT、IPBC和季铵盐类等。上述这些杀菌剂都有一定的缺点:对于三嗪类的杀菌剂,其杀菌过程是通过缓慢释放甲醛来到效果,而甲醛会带来一系列的问题,最常见的就是对人身健康不友好,容易导致皮肤刺激和过敏等问题;BIT杀菌剂为异噻唑啉酮衍生物,其杀菌综合性能优良,但是价格较贵,提高了金属加工液的整体成本,另外其生产工艺中会用到有毒害/危险性原料,对环保和人身安全具有较大副作用;IPBC杀菌剂为碘代丙炔基氨基甲酸丁酯,通过释放碘单质以达到杀菌效果,而金属加工液,尤其是油性和半合成金属加工液中,含有较多的不饱和油,其中的不饱和双键会导致碘单质的杀菌能力被大大削弱,因此其应用场景受限;季铵盐类杀菌剂的性能很好,可用作日化产品的杀菌剂,但是它在复杂的金属加工液体系中会很不稳定,容易析出浑浊而失效,并导致加工液的其他性能降低甚至丢失。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的缺陷,本发明所要解决的技术问题是:解决传统杀菌剂在复杂金属加工液体系中稳定性较差的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案为:
提供一种杀菌组合物在制备金属加工液的应用,所述杀菌组合物包括由通式(Ⅰ)所表示的多种化合物;
其中,所述R1在杀菌组合物中是相同的,所述R1选自椰油基、月桂基或油基;
所述R2、R3、R4独立地选自氢或乙酸基。
进一步提供其制备方法,将通式(Ⅱ)所表示的化合物与氯乙酸钠,在pH在8.0~9.2的反应条件下,获得所述杀菌组合物;
其中,R1选自椰油基、月桂基或油基。
本发明的有益效果在于:该杀菌组合物在复杂的金属加工液体系中具有较好的稳定性和杀菌性,并且具有耐硬水和阳离子的能力,可适用于全合成和半合成金属加工液体系;该杀菌组合物的制备方法工艺简单,杀菌组合物及该杀菌组合物的制备方法均不对环境及人体产生毒副作用。
附图说明
图1所示为本发明在检测例1中实验组和对照组的杀菌性检测照片;
图2所示为本发明在检测例2中实验组样品和对照组样品的杀菌性检测照片。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、所实现目的及效果,以下结合实施方式并配合附图予以说明。
一种杀菌组合物在制备金属加工液的应用,所述杀菌组合物包括由通式(Ⅰ)所表示的多种化合物;
其中,所述R1在杀菌组合物中是相同的,所述R1选自椰油基、月桂基或油基;
所述R2、R3、R4独立地选自氢或乙酸基。
可选的,所述R1还包括但不限于异佛尔酮二胺的非混合链式脂肪基。
其中,所述R1在杀菌组合物中是相同的,所表示的是在杀菌组合物中,有且仅有一种R1。
进一步的,所述杀菌组合物包括:
其中,所述R1选自椰油基、月桂基或油基。
具体而言,相较于日化领域常规使用的表面活性剂椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱,本发明所提供的杀菌组合物由于不含有酰胺基,可有效避免由于酰胺基团水解导致杀菌组合物的抗菌效果失效,以及避免水解产物椰油酸在金属加工液的表层形成油层,同时由于不含有的酰胺基可有效降低金属加工液的粘稠度;并且混合有该杀菌组合物的金属加工液在日常使用过程中,泡沫量小且泡沫可快速消失。
一种制备所述杀菌组合物的方法,将通式(Ⅱ)所表示的化合物与氯乙酸钠,在pH在8.0~9.2的反应条件下,获得所述杀菌组合物;
其中,R1选自椰油基、月桂基或油基。
具体的反应式如下:
其中,反应式中的R基与本文中的R1相同。
进一步的,包括如下步骤:
S1、将氯乙酸钠溶解在纯水中,获得溶液A;
S2、将椰油丙撑二胺加入到溶液A中,获得溶液B;
S3、加热搅拌溶液B,并加入pH调节剂使溶液B的pH保持在8.0~9.2;
S4、待溶液B呈澄清透明且pH稳定后,得到所述杀菌组合物。
使反应过程中溶液B的pH保持在8.0~9.2,可有效促进反应的进行,同时避免碱性过强导致氯乙酸钠在反应过程中分解,从而导致产率的下降,以及避免由于pH过低导致反应速率减慢。
进一步的,所述氯乙酸钠和椰油丙撑二胺的质量比为1.05~1.7:1。
优选的,氯乙酸钠与椰油丙撑二胺的质量比为1.3:1。
进一步的,所述加热的温度为85~95℃。
在反应过程中使加热温度保持在85~95℃,即保持反应温度在85~95℃,可有效促进反应的高效进行,具体而言,当反应温度过低时,反应速率显著减慢甚至反应进程被阻止;当反应温度过高时,则存在大量副反应的发生,以及存在其他情况,如水分快速蒸发等问题。
进一步的,所述pH调节剂为NaOH。
需要在说明的,虽然在本技术方案中采用在反应过程中不断添加1mol/L的NaOH,以保持反应溶液pH保持在合适的范围之内,但是在实际操作中,也可选择将所有反应物一次性加入反应中,虽然这种操作方式的产率有所降低,但是通过此方式所获得杀菌组合物依然具有稳定性高、杀菌性强的特点。
实施例1
一种杀菌组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将氯乙酸钠(13g)溶解在55g水中,然后边搅拌边将椰油丙撑二胺(10g)加入到上述溶液中,混合完毕后将加热温度逐渐升至90℃,持续搅拌,并监测反应体系的pH值。另配置浓度为1M的NaOH溶液,当反应体系pH值低于8.0时补加NaOH溶液调节至9.2左右,循环此步骤数次。待反应约4h后,且pH值保持稳定不再下降时,停止加热,得到溶有杀菌组合物的淡黄色澄清透明液体产物,最终pH值8.4,该产物可完全溶于水形成透明溶液。
实施例2
一种杀菌组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将氯乙酸钠(17g)溶解在65水中,然后边搅拌边将椰油丙撑二胺(10g)加入到上述溶液中,混合完毕后将体系稳定逐渐升至85℃,持续搅拌,并监测反应体系的pH值。另配置浓度为1M的NaOH溶液,当反应体系pH值低于8.0时补加NaOH溶液调节至9.0左右,循环此步骤数次。待反应约4h后,且pH值保持稳定不再下降时,停止加热,得到溶有杀菌组合物的淡黄色澄清透明液体产物,最终pH值8.8,该产物可完全溶于水形成透明溶液。
实施例3
一种杀菌组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将氯乙酸钠(11g)溶解在50g水中,然后边搅拌边将椰油丙撑二胺(10g)加入到上述溶液中,混合完毕后将体系稳定逐渐升至95℃,持续搅拌,并监测反应体系的pH值。另配置浓度为1M的NaOH溶液,当反应体系pH值低于8.0时补加NaOH溶液调节至9.2左右,循环此步骤数次。待反应约4h后,且pH值保持稳定不再下降时,停止加热,得到黄色澄清透明液体产物,最终pH值8.8,该产物可完全溶于水形成透明溶液。
实施例4
一种杀菌组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将氯乙酸钠(10.5g)溶解在48g水中,然后边搅拌边将椰油丙撑二胺(10g)加入到上述溶液中,混合完毕后将体系稳定逐渐升至95℃,持续搅拌,并监测反应体系的pH值。另配置浓度为1M的NaOH溶液,当反应体系pH值低于8.0时补加NaOH溶液调节至9.2左右,循环此步骤数次。待反应约4h后,且pH值保持稳定不再下降时,停止加热,得到溶有杀菌组合物的黄色澄清透明液体产物,最终pH值8.6,该产物可完全溶于水形成透明溶液。
检测例1
取已经腐败变臭变臭(含有大量微生物)的金属加工液,平均分为两份,并分别加入0.5wt%的实施例1所获得的产物和等质量的蒸馏水,以分别获得实验组样品和对照组样品;
然后用细菌测试条(品牌为EASICULT,型号为COMBI)分别浸泡在实验组样品和空白组样品中,2s后取出并在35±2℃恒温条件下培养48小时,然后观察测试条表面菌落生长情况,实验结果参见图1所示,其中,左边为对照组,右边为实验组。
根据图1所示可知,由所述杀菌组合物所组成的杀菌剂,相较于空白组(蒸馏水)而言具有明显抑制微生物生长的效果。
检测例2
对不同浓度的杀菌组合物的杀菌性进行检测。
检测方法为:
1、细菌培养:
1)选取两份各100mL金属加工液(富兰克SYNCOOL 10000型),向其中一份加入3%杀菌剂(选取为实施例1所制得的产物)作为实验组,另一份加入与杀菌剂等质量的蒸馏水为空白对照组;
2)使用蒸馏水分别将实验组和空白对照组稀释到5%,并用二乙醇胺调节两组的pH相同,至8.7,获得稀释液;
3)向两份稀释液中分别加入5mL现场已经腐败发臭的金属加工液,用以接种菌落,并放置12h培养,获得实验组样品和对照组样品;
2、对比测试:
1)制备TSA培养基,灭菌后备用;
2)将对照组样品和实验组样品用蒸馏水稀释为六个梯度(10-1,10-2,10-3,10-4,10-5,10-6M);
3)选取10-4,10-5,10-6三个梯度的对照组样品和实验组样品分别涂布接种到TSA培养基平板上,待晾干后放置恒温(35±2℃)培养箱培养48h后对比实验结果,实验结果参见图2所示。
参见图2可知,实验组样品所制备得到的培养基,在不同浓度下,与对照组样品所制备得到的培养基相比,菌落数量明显少于对照组,即表明本发明所提供的杀菌组合物具有较明显杀菌抑菌效果。
检测例3
将实施例1所制备得到的产物在全合成金属加工液体系中进行稳定性和耐硬水能力测试,全合成金属加工液的配方如表1(以质量百分比计)所示,测试结果如表2所示。
表1
组分 | 含量 |
产物 | 2% |
磷酸酯 | 2% |
三乙醇胺 | 19% |
新癸酸 | 5.5% |
苯并三氮唑 | 0.5% |
聚醚 | 8.5% |
聚塞氯铵 | 0.5% |
水 | 62% |
表2
根据表2可知,在全合成金属加工液体系中,产物的稳定性和耐硬水性较好。
综上所述,该杀菌组合物在复杂的金属加工液体系中具有较好的稳定性和杀菌性,并且具有耐硬水和阳离子的能力,可适用于全合成和半合成金属加工液体系;其制备方法工艺简单,杀菌组合物及其制备方法均不对环境及人体产生毒副作用;该制备方法所制得的杀菌组合物,按质量计,所获得产物的有效物质(以氯乙酸钠和椰油丙撑二胺计)含量在30%左右。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等同变换,或直接或间接运用在相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
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