CN113636552B

CN113636552B - Method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by classified milling and classified kneading

Info

Publication number: CN113636552B
Application number: CN202010393339.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李小龙; 魏进超; 杨本涛; 戴波; 李俊杰
Original assignee: Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-11
Filing date: 2020-05-11
Publication date: 2022-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-11
Also published as: CN113636552A

Abstract

A method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by classified milling and classified kneading comprises the following steps: 1) Mixing and grinding an active raw material, a low-caking-property raw material and a binder, and then adding an auxiliary material to carry out primary strong kneading to obtain a primary kneaded material; 2) Mixing and grinding the high-cohesiveness raw material and the binder, adding the auxiliary material, mixing with the primary kneaded material, and performing secondary strong kneading to obtain a secondary kneaded material; 3) Extruding and molding the secondary kneaded material to obtain an active carbon precursor molding material; 4) Drying the active carbon precursor molding material to obtain a dried material; 5) And carrying out carbonization and activation reaction on the dried material to obtain the high-performance activated carbon. The invention can improve the mixing adhesive property and interface bonding effect of different adhesive carbon raw materials and adhesives by using graded milling powder, can improve the binding affinity and adhesive force of low-adhesive raw materials and high-adhesive raw materials by using graded kneading, and can ensure that the mixing effect of the high-adhesive raw materials and the low-adhesive raw materials and the adhesives is better and the product performance is more stable.

Description

Method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by classified milling and classified kneading

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method of activated carbon for flue gas desulfurization and denitration, in particular to a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by graded milling, graded kneading and belongs to the technical field of activated carbon preparation.

Background

As is well known, the dry technique of activated carbon can jointly remove SO ₂ 、NO _x The method has the advantages of high desulfurization and denitrification efficiency and high utilization rate of byproduct resources, compared with a wet method or a semi-dry method, the method has obvious advantages, and is widely applied to the fields of sintering, coking, waste incineration and the like in recent years. But at the same time, is activeThe carbon dry method technology reveals the problems of uneven quality of the activated carbon, unstable quality of the same batch and the like, and influences the further popularization and application of the activated carbon dry method technology to a certain extent. Therefore, the quality of the activated carbon is a key to the influence of the activated carbon dry process technology.

The quality of the activated carbon is related to the preparation method of the activated carbon. Among various methods for preparing activated carbon, the technology for preparing activated carbon for desulfurization and denitrification of sintering flue gas by a coal blending method has been widely applied. Chinese patent CN 109250713A discloses a process for producing desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon, which comprises the steps of mixing and grinding coking coal and coke powder according to a specific proportion, then adding a certain proportion of coal tar and water, keeping warm, heating and kneading, feeding the coal tar, water and coal powder into a hydraulic press after the coal tar, water and coal powder are sufficiently infiltrated, penetrated and uniformly dispersed, and extruding into a fixed wet carbon finished product by a certain mold under a certain pressure. Wherein the adding proportion of the coal tar is 13-23%. And after the qualified carbon strips are naturally dried and aired, carbonizing the qualified carbon strips by using a carbonization furnace according to the property requirements of different activated carbon, and activating the carbonized materials by using an activation furnace to finally obtain the desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon meeting different physicochemical property requirements. The method produces qualified molded products, but the addition amount of the coal tar is large, the production cost is high, and the obtained products have low wear resistance and are easy to fluctuate.

In the existing process for preparing activated carbon, a lot of raw materials adopted are low-caking raw materials (such as coke powder) and high-caking raw materials (such as main coking coal and bituminous coal) and asphalt, the raw materials are ground into powder and then mixed with coal tar and water, and then the steps of kneading, granulating, drying, carbonizing, activating and the like are carried out to prepare the activated carbon. In order to ensure the smooth forming process or the qualified index performance of the final activated carbon product, the addition ratio of the binding agent or forming agent such as coal tar or pitch is usually high, which results in high cost. Meanwhile, because of the difference of the adhesive property of the raw materials, the mixed adhesive effect of each raw material and the grinding powder of the adhesive or the mixed adhesive effect of each raw material and the forming agent can be different, so that the ground powder is mixed or stirred and kneaded together and then the optimal uniform mixing state is difficult to achieve, and the product performance and the quality obtained by production are unstable.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by grinding, grading and kneading in a grading manner on the basis of a large amount of researches. The method adopts a process of grinding and mixing the raw materials with different cohesiveness and the caking agent in a grading proportion, is beneficial to improving the mixed bonding and interface bonding effects of the raw materials with low cohesiveness and the caking agent, and enables the mixed bonding effect of the carbon raw materials with different cohesiveness, the caking agent and the forming agent to reach the best, thereby reducing the using amount of the caking agent and realizing the low-cost and high-efficiency utilization of the raw materials; the method adopts a grading kneading process to improve the combination affinity and binding power of the low-binding raw material and the high-binding raw material, so that the high-binding raw material, the low-binding raw material and the binding agent are mixed more uniformly, and the stability of the performance of the activated carbon product is improved.

According to the embodiment of the invention, a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by classified grinding and classified kneading is provided.

A method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by graded milling, graded kneading and kneading comprises the following steps:

1) Grinding and first-stage kneading: mixing and grinding an active raw material, a low-caking-property raw material and a binder, and then adding an auxiliary material to carry out primary strong kneading to obtain a primary kneaded material;

2) Milling and secondary kneading: mixing and grinding the high-cohesiveness raw material and the binder, then adding the auxiliary material, mixing with the primary kneaded material, and performing secondary strong kneading to obtain a secondary kneaded material;

3) And (3) molding and granulating: extruding and molding the secondary kneaded material to obtain an active carbon precursor molding material;

4) And (3) drying: drying the active carbon precursor molding material to obtain a dried material;

5) And (3) heat treatment: and carrying out carbonization and activation reaction on the dried material to obtain the high-performance activated carbon.

In the present invention, the method further comprises:

6) Cooling and screening: cooling and screening the high-performance activated carbon subjected to heat treatment to obtain large-particle high-performance activated carbon;

7) And (3) recycling: and (3) returning the small-particle activated carbon obtained after cooling and screening as an active raw material to the step 1) for reuse.

The size of the large-particle high-performance activated carbon in the step 6) is 4-12 mm.

Preferably, in step 1), the milling and the first-stage kneading process further include adding metal ore, specifically: mixing and grinding the active raw material, the low-caking material and the binder, adding the metal ore ground powder, mixing, and adding the auxiliary material to perform primary strong kneading to obtain a primary kneaded material.

Preferably, the metal ore is an iron-containing ore. Preferably one or more of iron manganese ore, iron copper ore, iron titanium ore and iron tungsten ore. Preferably, the ratio of the addition amount of the metal ore to the addition amount of all the carbon raw materials is a. Wherein: 0 < a.ltoreq.15%, preferably 0.1% < a.ltoreq.10%, more preferably 0.5% < a.ltoreq.8%.

All the carbon raw material addition amounts described herein refer to the total mass of all the carbon raw materials, that is, the total mass of the active raw material, the low-caking material and the high-caking material.

In the present invention, the binder is a non-asphalt-based binder (e.g., a novel binder prepared from sodium bentonite and pulverized coal) or an asphalt-based binder (e.g., coal asphalt, petroleum asphalt).

Preferably, the content of the binder in step 2) mixed with the high-adhesion raw material is 0 to 80%, preferably 3 to 55%, more preferably 5 to 30% of the content of the binder in step 1) mixed with the low-adhesion raw material.

In the invention, the auxiliary materials are a forming agent and water. Preferably, the forming agent is one or more of coal tar, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and sesbania powder.

Preferably, the content of the forming agent in the auxiliary material added in step 2) is 0 to 90%, preferably 5 to 70%, more preferably 10 to 50% of the content of the forming agent in the auxiliary material added in step 1).

In the invention, the mass percentage of each raw material in the secondary kneaded material obtained in the step 2) is as follows: 0 to 70 parts of active raw material, 15 to 50 parts of low-caking material, 15 to 50 parts of high-caking material, 3 to 15 parts of binder, 7 to 20 parts of forming agent and 0 to 15 parts of metal ore.

In the invention, the active raw material in the step 1) is one or more of active carbon powder, active carbon production crushed material and waste powdered active carbon.

In the present invention, the low-caking additive has a caking index of 5 or less. Preferably, the low-caking raw material is one or two of coke powder and fly ash.

In the present invention, the caking index of the high-caking raw material in the step 2) is more than 5. Preferably, the high-caking raw material is one or more of coking coal, bituminous coal and anthracite.

Preferably, the milling is performed such that each raw material is milled until 90% or more passes through 200 mesh, preferably 95% or more passes through 200 mesh, and more preferably 97% or more passes through 200 mesh.

Preferably, the milling is performed by milling each raw material to a powder such that 70% or more passes through 325 mesh, preferably 75% or more passes through 325 mesh, and more preferably 80% or more passes through 325 mesh.

In the present invention, the heat treatment in step 5) is specifically: and adding the dried material into a carbonization furnace for carbonization to obtain a carbonized material. And then adding the carbonized material into an activation furnace, and introducing water vapor or carbon dioxide into the activation furnace to perform an activation reaction with the carbonized material to obtain the high-performance activated carbon.

Preferably, during the carbonization, the concentration of CO in the carbonization furnace is controlled. Preferably, the concentration of CO in the carbonization furnace is controlled to be b by regulating the addition amount of fuel (such as coal powder or coal gas) at the source of a heat source of the carbonization furnace, wherein: 0 < b.ltoreq.45%, preferably 0.1% < b.ltoreq.40%, more preferably 0.5% < b.ltoreq.37%. The temperature range of the carbonization is 300-900 ℃, preferably 400-850 ℃, and more preferably 500-800 ℃. The carbonization time is 15-180 min, preferably 20-120 min, and more preferably 30-90 min.

And in the activation reaction process, introducing mixed gas of water vapor and oxygen or introducing mixed gas of carbon dioxide and oxygen into the activation furnace. The volume fraction of the oxygen amount in the mixed gas to the water vapor amount or the carbon dioxide amount is preferably 0.1 to 5%, more preferably 0.3 to 4%, and still more preferably 0.5 to 3%. The temperature range of the activation reaction is 700-1100 ℃, preferably 800-1000 ℃, and more preferably 850-950 ℃. The time of the activation reaction is 20 to 240min, preferably 30 to 180min, and more preferably 40 to 120min.

In the present invention, the heat treatment in step 5) is specifically: and adding the dried material into a carbonization-activation integrated furnace, and introducing water vapor or carbon dioxide to the furnace end of the carbonization-activation integrated furnace to perform carbonization-activation reaction with the dried material to obtain the high-performance activated carbon.

Preferably, during the heat treatment integrated with carbonization and activation, the concentration of CO in the furnace is controlled. Preferably, the concentration of CO in the carbonization-activation integrated furnace is controlled to be c by regulating the addition amount of fuel (such as coal powder or coal gas) at the source of the heat source of the carbonization-activation integrated furnace, wherein: 0 < c.ltoreq.42%, preferably 0.1% < c.ltoreq.37%, more preferably 0.5% < c.ltoreq.35%.

Preferably, the temperature range of the heat treatment is 500-1100 ℃, preferably 600-1000 ℃, and more preferably 650-950 ℃; the time of the heat treatment is 15 to 240min, preferably 20 to 180min, and more preferably 30 to 120min.

In the present invention, the primary intensive kneading and/or the secondary intensive kneading are/is intensively mixed by a batch mixer, a continuous mixer or an intensive mixer, and preferably an intensive mixer. Preferably, the kneading process is heat-traced, wherein the heat-traced temperature is 50-100 ℃, preferably 70-90 ℃.

Preferably, the degree of mixing of the primary kneaded material and/or the secondary kneaded material is 75% or more, preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 85% or more.

In the invention, the shape of the active carbon precursor molding material in the step 3) is one or more of spherical, cylindrical and rectangular. Preferably, the shape of the active carbon precursor molding material is cylindrical, and the size of the cylindrical active carbon precursor molding material is 4 to 12mm, preferably 4.5 to 11mm, and more preferably 5 to 10mm.

Preferably, the activated carbon precursor molding material is dried in step 4) until the water content is less than 13%, preferably less than 10%, and more preferably less than 7%.

The raw materials for preparing the activated carbon generally comprise three major parts: raw material coal, binder and water, and other raw materials or additives having properties similar to those of raw coal may be added. Common raw material coal comprises coking coal, bituminous coal, anthracite and the like, the caking index of the common raw material coal is generally high (the caking index is more than 5), and the common raw material coal is classified as a high-caking raw material. Common raw material with the characteristics similar to that of raw coal comprises crushed materials produced by coke powder, carbon powder and activated carbon, waste powdered activated carbon and the like, wherein the coke powder, the fly ash and the like have low bonding indexes (the bonding index is less than or equal to 5) and are classified as low-bonding raw materials. The crushed materials and waste powdered activated carbon produced by carbon powder and activated carbon are classified as active raw materials, generally raw materials subjected to carbonization or activation treatment, and the bonding index and the bonding property of the active raw materials are also lower. The caking index is a key index for determining caking property and coking property of coal, and the binding power is the bonding force between molecules at the interface of a binder and a bonded object. The preparation of the activated carbon usually adopts a coal blending method, and the high-temperature polycondensation and pyrolysis reaction of different coals are utilized to generate bridging bonding and a pore structure, so that the skeleton structure and the pore structure of the activated carbon are changed, and the strength performance, the adsorption performance and the like of the activated carbon are improved. The asphalt mainly plays a role of a binder in the preparation process of the activated carbon, and forms a skeleton structure inside the activated carbon after the activated carbon is carbonized at high temperature; the coal tar mainly plays a role of a binder and a lubricant in the preparation process of the activated carbon, has a lubricating effect in the forming and extruding process, prevents material blockage or material extrusion cracking, and simultaneously, the asphaltene in the coal tar can form a framework structure inside the activated carbon after high-temperature carbonization.

The method comprises the steps of mixing and grinding the active raw material by matching the low-caking raw material with the binder in a grading manner, matching the auxiliary material (the forming agent and the water) to perform primary strong kneading, matching the high-caking raw material with the binder to perform powder mixing and grinding, mixing the powder with the primary kneaded material obtained by the primary strong kneading, matching the auxiliary material (the forming agent and the water) to perform secondary strong kneading, and finally combining the procedures of forming granulation, drying, heat treatment and the like to prepare the high-performance desulfurization and denitrification active carbon, so that the active raw material, the low-caking raw material and the high-caking raw material can be utilized with low cost and high efficiency, the mixed bonding effect of the mixed material is improved while the usage amount of the binder is reduced, the stability of the performance of the active carbon is ensured, and the method has high application and popularization values. Through a plurality of tests, compared with the activated carbon prepared by a common method, the activated carbon prepared by the method has the advantages that the usage amount of the binder is reduced by more than 3%, and the usage amount of the forming agent is reduced by more than 5%; the wear resistance of the product is improved by 0.5-1.5%, the compressive strength is improved by more than 8%, and the uniformity is better.

The invention provides a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by graded milling, graded kneading and kneading, which has the following relevant technical principles:

1) Different carbon raw materials have different caking properties (for example, the caking property between coke powder and carbon powder is far lower than that between coke coal, bituminous coal and anthracite), so that the caking effect of each raw material mixed with binder powder or the caking effect of each raw material mixed with a forming agent can be different, and more binders or forming agents are needed to improve the forming property of a mixture or the interfacial bonding property of subsequent high-temperature reaction.

2) The carbon raw materials with different binding properties and the binding agent are milled and mixed together to be difficult to achieve the best mixing binding effect, and the better mixing binding effect is that the carbon raw materials with poorer binding properties and more or stronger binding agent are mixed and milled to improve the binding property and the mixing property of the carbon raw materials, namely, the low-binding-property raw materials are modified in viscosity; the carbon material with better binding performance can be mixed with less binder and ground into powder so as to improve or maintain the binding performance and mixing performance of the carbon material. Generally, the binder content of the high-adhesion material is 0 to 80% (preferably 3 to 55%, more preferably 5 to 30%) of the binder content of the low-adhesion material.

3) When the active carbon is prepared, carbon raw materials (coking coal, bituminous coal, anthracite, coke powder, carbon powder and the like) and a binder (such as asphalt) are mixed and ground, then a forming agent (such as coal tar) is added, and the mixture is mixed with water for extrusion forming, wherein the asphalt and the coal tar provide the functions of the binder and the forming agent, and the water can be used as a tackifier for playing a role. The hardness of each raw material is different, and the raw materials are ground into fine powder with a certain particle size by using different grinding processes and equipment (for example, the raw materials are ground into powder with more than 95 percent of the powder passing through 200 meshes, or the raw materials are ground into powder with more than 70 percent of the powder passing through 325 meshes).

4) The low-cohesiveness raw material is matched with the adhesive, the milled powder is subjected to primary kneading with the forming agent, water and the like in advance, so that the affinity and the cohesive force of the combination of the low-cohesiveness raw material and the subsequent high-cohesiveness raw material can be improved, and the low-cohesiveness raw material is better in mixing and bonding effect, easier to mix uniformly and higher in mixing degree when the high-cohesiveness raw material is matched with the adhesive, the milled powder is subjected to secondary kneading. The reaction is more uniform after the heat treatment such as the subsequent carbonization and activation, and the quality stability of the product is ensured.

5) Because the degree of uniform mixing of the solid materials is limited, the fine solid materials of the coal powder, the carbon powder and the binder are required to be strongly mixed by a strong mixer to obtain a mixture with uniformly distributed coal powder-carbon powder-binder, and the coal powder, the carbon powder and the binder in the finally obtained activated carbon product are uniformly dispersed. Generally, the degree of mixing of the kneaded material is required to reach 80%.

6) The heat tracing during kneading is helpful to improve the fluidity of the binder or the forming agent, thereby being helpful to improve the mixing and bonding effect of the raw materials, the binder and the forming agent.

7) And (3) molding and granulating: according to the application of the active carbon, the mixture is pressurized to be changed into an active carbon precursor molding material with a certain shape. The shaped activated carbon precursor molding material referred to herein means the appearance of activated carbon, and may be spherical, cylindrical, rectangular, etc., preferably cylindrical, for example, the size of the cylindrical activated carbon precursor molding material is 5 to 10mm.

8) And (3) drying: the active carbon precursor forming material has higher water content and is softer as a whole, the porosity and the strength of the active carbon can be influenced in the carbonization process, and the performance of the active carbon can not meet the requirements, so the active carbon precursor forming material needs to be dried until the water content is lower than 7 percent before carbonization.

9) And (3) heat treatment: the heat treatment process can adopt a step-by-step carbonization-followed activation treatment process or a carbonization-activation integrated treatment process.

(1) CO assisted carbonization: the carbonization process is a reducing atmosphere, and under the atmosphere condition, metal oxides such as iron oxide, manganese oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide, tungsten oxide and the like in the ore can be reduced. But because the carbonization temperature is medium-high temperature, the metal oxide is not reduced into simple substance, but only reduced into low-valence oxide, such as iron oxide changed into Fe ₃ O ₄ And manganese oxide to MnO. Solid carbon in the activated carbon can be used as a reducing agent to reduce the metal oxide and generate CO at the same time; CO carried in the flue gas and oxygen in the flue gas react with solid carbon to generate partial CO; the obtained solid carbon and CO can participate in the process of reducing the metal oxide, and the reaction process is as follows:

MeO _n +C＝MeO _n-1 +CO (1)；

2C+O ₂ ＝2CO (2)；

MeO _n +CO＝MeO _n-1 +CO ₂ (3)；

however, excessive solid carbon participates in the reduction reaction to cause the quality loss of the activated carbon, and simultaneously the strength of the activated carbon is possibly influenced, in order to reduce the consumption of the activated carbon, the reactions (1) and (2) need to be inhibited, and the reducibility of CO is stronger than that of the solid carbon, the CO can preferentially and quickly promote the reduction reaction of the metal oxide; in addition, CO is in a gaseous state and can enter the inside of the active carbon precursor forming material in the carbonization process, so that the porosity of the finally carbonized active carbon is increased. In order to promote the reaction (3), the concentration of CO in the atmosphere (for example, the concentration of CO is 0.5-37%) can be adjusted by regulating and controlling the supply of source gas of a carbonization heat source, meanwhile, the supply of air is controlled to prevent the gas from being combusted in a transitional way, limited oxygen led into the carbonization furnace preferentially reacts with volatile organic compounds in a combustion way to reduce the loss of solid carbon, and finally, the purpose of rapidly reducing metal oxides by CO is achieved.

(2) And (3) hypoxia activation: the carbonized material needs further pore-forming activation by water vapor, so that the carbon reacts with the water vapor. Meanwhile, a certain amount of oxygen can be introduced into the water vapor in the activation process (for example, the oxygen amount in the activation furnace accounts for 0.1-3% of the water vapor amount), and in the high-temperature activation process, after the oxygen is added into the water vapor atmosphere, the oxidation reaction of the oxygen and the solid carbon has obvious opening and hole expansion effects on the activated carbon particles, the micropores, the specific surface area and the pore volume of the activated carbon particles are increased rapidly, so that an active site and favorable conditions are provided for the reaction of the activated carbon particles and sufficient water vapor, and the synergistic effect is promoted to occur. Meanwhile, the low-valence oxide formed in the carbonization process can be oxidized by water vapor and oxygen, so that high-valence metal oxide is obtained, and the reaction process is as follows:

2C+O ₂ ＝2CO (4)；

C+H ₂ O＝CO+H ₂ (5)；

MeO _n +O ₂ ＝MeO _n+2 (6)；

MeO _n +H ₂ O＝MeO _n+1 +H ₂ (7)；

due to the reduction, activation and oxidation of the carbonized material, the metal oxide in the activated carbon is reduced and oxidized, the metal oxide is subjected to lattice remodeling, the internal porosity of the activated carbon is increased, and MnO is added in the reduction process ₂ Conversion to Mn ₂ O ₃ In the meantime, volume expansion of the mineral phase occurs, from Mn ₂ O ₃ Conversion to Mn ₃ O ₄ And MnO shrinkage in volume can occur; and in the oxidation process, from MnO to MnO ₂ And the volume expansion is generated, thereby being beneficial to obtaining the activated carbon with high porosity and specific surface area. Meanwhile, the powerful mixing equipment and the process ensure that the coal powder and the ore are fully and uniformly mixed when the raw materials are mixed, and the metal oxide in the finally obtained activated carbon product is uniformly dispersed.

10 The undersize powdered carbon has the same property as the activated carbon powder, belongs to an active raw material, and can be returned to be ground into powder to be used as a raw material for preparing the activated carbon.

As a preferred scheme, based on the phenomena and mechanisms that metal oxides in minerals can generate lattice remodeling in the activated carbon through deoxidation and oxidation in the high-temperature carbonization-activation process of the activated carbon, so that the porosity inside the activated carbon can be adjusted and catalytic active metals are uniformly loaded, and the like, the invention directly adds metal ores into the initial raw materials for preparing the activated carbon, and forms a uniform mixture of the metal ores, coal dust and a binder through mixing. Since the metal ore is often rich in various metal oxides, the metal oxides in the metal ore are reduced to lower-priced metal oxides in the carbonization process and then oxidized to higher-priced metal oxides in the activation process in the preparation process of the activated carbon. In the whole preparation process of the activated carbon, the metal oxide undergoes the reduction-oxidation process, the crystal structure of the metal oxide is reformed and is recrystallized with C in the coal dust in the raw material to form a high-strength metal oxide-C substance, and finally the uniform, stable and high-strength activated carbon doped with the metal oxide is obtained.

Compared with the prior art that metal soluble salt is added into the raw material of the activated carbon or the doped activated carbon is prepared by an impregnation method, in the prepared activated carbon doped with the metal oxide, the metal oxide and C are recrystallized, compared with the process of directly adding soluble salt, the chemical bond between the metal oxide and the C atom is firmer, the gap between the metal oxide and the C atom is smaller, and the acting force of the connecting bond is larger, so that the high-strength activated carbon doped with the metal oxide is formed. The active carbon prepared by the method is used for desulfurization and denitrification of the active carbon, and the active ions of the metal oxide are not easy to fall off due to the firm connection between the metal oxide and the C; because the active carbon needs to be circulated between the adsorption tower and the desorption tower for multiple times in the using process, after multiple tests, the metal oxide in the active carbon prepared by the invention can still be tightly combined in the active carbon, and still has the effects of high sulfur resistance and catalytic denitration.

In addition, the metal oxide in the metal ore is subjected to reduction and oxidation processes in sequence in the carbonization and activation processes. In each change process, the crystal structure of the metal oxide changes, and the volume of the metal oxide is changed. In the forming process of the activated carbon, the volume change of the metal oxide can promote the formation of pores of the activated carbon, and the pore opening and pore expansion effects on the activated carbon are obvious. Therefore, the crystal form change of the metal oxide promotes the pore formation of the activated carbon, and the specific surface area and the active catalytic site of the activated carbon are improved, so that the desulfurization and denitrification efficiency of the activated carbon is improved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the method of mixing the raw materials with different cohesiveness and the adhesive by grading proportion and grinding is beneficial to improving the mixed bonding and interface bonding effects of the raw materials with low cohesiveness and the adhesive, so that the mixed bonding effect of the carbon raw materials with different cohesiveness, the adhesive and the forming agent is optimal as much as possible, simultaneously, the method is also beneficial to improving the integral mixing degree of the materials in the subsequent mixing and kneading process, and then the qualified and stable activated carbon is prepared by granulation, drying, heat treatment, cooling and screening.

2. The classified kneading can improve the combination affinity and binding power of the low-caking raw material and the subsequent high-caking raw material, and the high-caking raw material, the low-caking raw material and the binding agent are mixed more uniformly, and the obtained product has more stable quality.

3. The combined process of graded milling and graded kneading can achieve the material mixing and bonding effect required by the subsequent process only by less adhesive and forming agent, improve the forming performance of the mixture or the interface bonding performance of the subsequent high-temperature reaction, and is beneficial to generating the co-carbonization effect.

4. According to the invention, the metal ore is directly added into the preparation raw material, the metal oxide in the metal ore undergoes the reduction-oxidation process, the crystal structure is reformed, and the crystal structure and the C in the coal powder are recrystallized simultaneously to form a high-strength metal oxide-C substance, so that the stable and high-strength active carbon doped with the metal oxide is finally obtained.

5. Compared with the activated carbon prepared by the common method, the activated carbon prepared by the process has the advantages that the usage amount of the binder and the forming agent is greatly reduced, the wear resistance and the compressive strength of the product are effectively improved, and the uniformity is better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a prior art process for preparing activated carbon;

FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention for preparing high performance activated carbon by classified milling, classified kneading;

FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram of the present invention for preparing high performance activated carbon by adding metal ore.

Detailed Description

1) Milling and first-stage kneading: mixing and grinding an active raw material, a low-caking-property raw material and a binder, and then adding an auxiliary material to carry out primary strong kneading to obtain a primary kneaded material;

3) And (3) molding and granulating: extruding and forming the secondary kneaded material to obtain an active carbon precursor forming material;

In the present invention, the method further comprises:

Preferably, the metal ore is an iron-containing ore. Preferably one or more of iron manganese ore, iron copper ore, iron titanium ore and iron tungsten ore. Preferably, the ratio of the addition amount of the metal ore to the addition amount of all the carbon materials (e.g., the active material, the low-caking material, and the high-caking material) is a. Wherein: 0 < a.ltoreq.15%, preferably 0.1% < a.ltoreq.10%, more preferably 0.5% < a.ltoreq.8%.

Preferably, the binder content in step 2) to the high-adhesion raw material is 0 to 80%, preferably 3 to 55%, more preferably 5 to 30% of the binder content in step 1) to the low-adhesion raw material.

In the present invention, the low-adhesion starting material has an adhesion index of 5 or less. Preferably, the low-caking raw material is one or two of coke powder and fly ash.

In the present invention, the caking index of the high-caking additive in the step 2) is greater than 5. Preferably, the high caking raw material is one or more of coking coal, bituminous coal and anthracite.

Preferably, the milling is performed by milling each raw material until 90% or more passes through 200 mesh, preferably 95% or more passes through 200 mesh, and more preferably 97% or more passes through 200 mesh.

Preferably, during the carbonization, the concentration of CO in the carbonization furnace is controlled. Preferably, the concentration of CO in the carbonization furnace is controlled to be b by regulating the addition amount of fuel (such as coal powder or coal gas) from the source of the heat source of the carbonization furnace, wherein: 0 < b.ltoreq.45%, preferably 0.1% < b.ltoreq.40%, more preferably 0.5% < b.ltoreq.37%. The temperature range of the carbonization is 300-900 ℃, preferably 400-850 ℃, and more preferably 500-800 ℃. The carbonization time is 15-180 min, preferably 20-120 min, and more preferably 30-90 min.

Preferably, the concentration of CO in the furnace is controlled during the carbonization-activation integrated heat treatment. Preferably, the concentration of CO in the carbonization-activation integrated furnace is controlled to be c by regulating the addition amount of fuel (such as coal powder or coal gas) at the source of the heat source of the carbonization-activation integrated furnace, wherein: 0 < c.ltoreq.42%, preferably 0.1% < c.ltoreq.37%, more preferably 0.5% < c.ltoreq.35%.

In the present invention, the primary intensive kneading and/or the secondary intensive kneading are/is intensively mixed by a batch mixer, a continuous mixer or an intensive mixer, and preferably an intensive mixer. Preferably, the kneading process is heat-traced, wherein the heat tracing temperature is 50 to 100 ℃, preferably 70 to 90 ℃.

Preferably, the degree of mixing of the first-stage kneaded material and/or the second-stage kneaded material is 75% or more, preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 85% or more.

In the invention, the shape of the active carbon precursor molding material in the step 3) is one or more of spherical, cylindrical and rectangular. Preferably, the shape of the active carbon precursor molding material is cylindrical, and the size of the cylindrical active carbon precursor molding material is 4-12 mm, preferably 4.5-11 mm, and more preferably 5-10 mm.

Example 1

Example 2

Example 1 is repeated except that the method further comprises:

Example 3

As shown in fig. 2, a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by classified milling, classified kneading, comprises the following steps:

1) Milling and first-stage kneading: mixing and grinding the active raw material, the low-viscosity raw material and the binder, and then adding the auxiliary materials to carry out primary strong kneading to obtain a primary kneaded material.

The active raw material is crushed materials produced by active carbon, and the low-caking raw material is coke powder. The binder is coal tar pitch. The grinding is to grind the raw materials to more than 95 percent and pass through a 200-mesh sieve. The auxiliary materials are a forming agent and water, wherein the forming agent is coal tar. And the first-stage powerful kneading adopts a powerful mixer to perform powerful mixing, and the mixing degree is more than or equal to 80%. And carrying out heat tracing in the kneading process, wherein the heat tracing temperature is 80 ℃.

2) Milling and secondary kneading: and mixing the high-cohesiveness raw material and the binder, grinding the mixture into powder, adding the auxiliary material, mixing the powder with the primary kneaded material, and performing secondary strong kneading to obtain a secondary kneaded material. The secondary kneaded material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40 parts of active raw materials, 30 parts of low-caking raw materials, 30 parts of high-caking raw materials, 8 parts of binders and 12 parts of forming agents.

The high-cohesiveness raw material is mixed coal of coking coal and bituminous coal. The binder is coal pitch, and the auxiliary materials are coal tar and water. The grinding is to grind the raw materials to more than 95 percent and pass through a 200-mesh sieve. And the secondary strong kneading adopts a strong mixing machine to carry out strong mixing, and the mixing degree is more than or equal to 80%. And carrying out heat tracing in the kneading process, wherein the heat tracing temperature is 80 ℃.

3) And (3) molding and granulating: and extruding and forming the secondary kneaded material to obtain the active carbon precursor forming material. The shape of the active carbon precursor molding material is cylindrical, and the size of the cylindrical active carbon precursor molding material is 8-10 mm.

4) And (3) drying: and drying the active carbon precursor molding material to obtain a dried material. Wherein the drying is to dry the active carbon precursor molding material until the water content is lower than 7%.

5) And (3) heat treatment: and adding the dried material into a carbonization furnace for carbonization to obtain a carbonized material. And then adding the carbonized material into an activation furnace, and introducing water vapor into the activation furnace to perform an activation reaction with the carbonized material to obtain the high-performance activated carbon.

Wherein, in the carbonization process, the concentration of CO in the carbonization furnace is controlled. The concentration of CO in the carbonization furnace is controlled to be 35 percent by regulating and controlling the addition amount of coal gas of the carbonization furnace. The carbonization temperature is raised to 700 ℃ at most, and the carbonization time is 80min.

And introducing mixed gas of water vapor and oxygen into the activation furnace in the activation reaction process. The volume fraction of the oxygen amount in the mixed gas in the water vapor amount is 2%. The temperature of the activation reaction is raised to 900 ℃ at the most. The time of the activation reaction was 90min.

6) Cooling and screening: cooling and screening the high-performance activated carbon after heat treatment to obtain large-particle high-performance activated carbon with the particle size of 8-10 mm.

The content of the binder which is mixed with the high-cohesiveness raw material in the step 2) is 25% of the content of the binder which is mixed with the low-cohesiveness raw material in the step 1). The content of the forming agent in the auxiliary material added in the step 2) is 40% of that in the auxiliary material added in the step 1).

Example 4

As shown in fig. 3, example 3 is repeated except that in step 1), the milling and primary kneading process further includes the addition of metal ore, specifically: mixing and grinding the active raw material, the low-caking material and the binder, adding the metal ore ground powder, mixing, and adding the auxiliary material to perform primary strong kneading to obtain a primary kneaded material.

The secondary mixed and kneaded material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40 parts of active raw materials, 30 parts of low-caking raw materials, 30 parts of high-caking raw materials, 8 parts of binders, 12 parts of forming agents and 4 parts of metal ores.

Example 5

Example 4 was repeated except that the binder was a novel binder prepared from sodium bentonite and pulverized coal. The content of the binder which is mixed with the high-cohesiveness raw material in the step 2) is 20 percent of the content of the binder which is mixed with the low-cohesiveness raw material in the step 1).

Example 6

Example 4 was repeated except that the milling was carried out so that more than 70% of each raw material passed through a 325 mesh.

Example 7

Example 4 was repeated, except that the heat treatment described in step 5) was specifically: and adding the dried material into a carbonization-activation integrated furnace, and simultaneously introducing steam into the furnace end of the carbonization-activation integrated furnace to perform carbonization-activation reaction with the dried material to obtain the high-performance activated carbon. Wherein the heat treatment temperature is raised to 850 deg.C at most, and the heat treatment time is 120min.

Comparative example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a preparation process of activated carbon specifically comprises: mixing the high-cohesiveness raw material, the low-cohesiveness raw material and the binder, grinding the mixture into powder, mixing the powder with a forming agent and water, and then sequentially forming, drying, carbonizing, activating, cooling and screening to obtain the finished product of the activated carbon. Wherein the relevant process conditions are the same as in example 3.

The relevant data of the activated carbon prepared in each example is recorded, and the activated carbon prepared in each example is used for flue gas desulfurization and denitration through engineering tests, and the test results are as follows:

compared with the activated carbon prepared by the common method, the activated carbon prepared by the method has the advantages that the usage amount of the binder and the forming agent is greatly reduced, the wear resistance and the compressive strength of the product are effectively improved, the product performance is more stable, the desulfurization and denitration efficiency of flue gas treated by the activated carbon is further improved, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are obvious.

Claims

1. A method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by graded milling, graded kneading and kneading comprises the following steps:

2) Milling and secondary kneading: mixing and grinding the high-cohesiveness raw material and the binder, adding the auxiliary material, mixing with the primary kneaded material, and performing secondary strong kneading to obtain a secondary kneaded material;

5) And (3) heat treatment: carrying out carbonization and activation reaction on the dried material to obtain high-performance activated carbon;

wherein: the active material is one or more of active carbon powder, active carbon production crushed aggregates and waste powdered active carbon; the low-cohesiveness raw material is one or two of coke powder and fly ash; the high caking property raw material is one or more of coking coal, bituminous coal and anthracite.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the method further comprises the following steps:

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in step 1), still include the addition of metal ore among crocus and the first order thoughtlessly hold between fingers the in-process, specifically do: mixing and grinding the active raw material, the low-caking material and the binder, adding the metal ore ground powder, mixing, and adding the auxiliary material to perform primary strong kneading to obtain a primary kneaded material.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the metal ore is iron-containing ore.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein: the metal ore is one or more of iron manganese ore, iron copper ore, iron titanium ore and iron tungsten ore.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein: the proportion of the addition of the metal ore to the addition of all the carbon raw materials is a; wherein: a is more than 0 and less than or equal to 15 percent.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein: a is more than 0.1 percent and less than or equal to 10 percent.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein: a is more than 0.5 percent and less than or equal to 8 percent.

9. The method of any one of claims 1-2, 4-8, wherein: the binder is a non-asphalt-based binder or an asphalt-based binder; and/or

The content of the binder which is matched with the high-cohesiveness raw material in the step 2) is 0-80% of the content of the binder which is matched with the low-cohesiveness raw material in the step 1).

10. The method of claim 3, wherein: the binder is a non-asphalt-based binder or an asphalt-based binder; and/or

11. The method of claim 9, wherein: the content of the binder which is mixed with the high-cohesiveness raw material in the step 2) is 3-55% of the content of the binder which is mixed with the low-cohesiveness raw material in the step 1).

12. The method of claim 10, wherein: the content of the binder which is mixed with the high-cohesiveness raw material in the step 2) is 3-55% of the content of the binder which is mixed with the low-cohesiveness raw material in the step 1).

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: the content of the binder which is matched with the high-cohesiveness raw material in the step 2) is 5-30% of the content of the binder which is matched with the low-cohesiveness raw material in the step 1).

14. The method of any one of claims 1-2, 4-8, 10-12, wherein: the auxiliary materials are a forming agent and water; and/or

The content of the forming agent in the auxiliary materials added in the step 2) is 0-90% of that in the auxiliary materials added in the step 1).

15. The method of claim 3, wherein: the auxiliary materials are a forming agent and water; and/or

The content of the forming agent in the auxiliary material added in the step 2) is 0-90% of the content of the forming agent in the auxiliary material added in the step 1).

16. The method of claim 9, wherein: the auxiliary materials are a forming agent and water; and/or

17. The method of claim 14, wherein: the forming agent is one or more of coal tar, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and sesbania powder; and/or

The content of the forming agent in the auxiliary material added in the step 2) is 5-70% of that in the auxiliary material added in the step 1).

18. The method of claim 15, wherein: the forming agent is one or more of coal tar, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and sesbania powder; and/or

19. The method of claim 16, wherein: the forming agent is one or more of coal tar, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and sesbania powder; and/or

20. The method according to any one of claims 17-19, wherein: the content of the forming agent in the auxiliary materials added in the step 2) is 10-50% of the content of the forming agent in the auxiliary materials added in the step 1).

21. The method according to claim 15 or 18, characterized in that: the mass percentage of each raw material in the secondary kneaded material obtained in the step 2) is as follows: 0 to 70 parts of active raw material, 15 to 50 parts of low-caking material, 15 to 50 parts of high-caking material, 3 to 15 parts of binder, 7 to 20 parts of forming agent and 0 to 15 parts of metal ore.

22. The method of any one of claims 1-2, 4-8, 10-12, 15-19, wherein: the grinding is to grind the raw materials into powder until more than 90 percent of the powder passes through 200 meshes; or

The grinding is to grind the raw materials into powder with the particle size of more than 70 percent and pass through 325 meshes.

23. The method of claim 3, wherein: the grinding is to grind each raw material into powder respectively until more than 90 percent of the powder passes through a 200-mesh sieve; or

The grinding is to grind the raw materials into powder with the particle size of more than 70 percent passing through 325 meshes.

24. The method of claim 9, wherein: the grinding is to grind each raw material into powder respectively until more than 90 percent of the powder passes through a 200-mesh sieve; or

25. The method of claim 22, wherein: the grinding is to grind the raw materials into powder until more than 95 percent of the powder passes through 200 meshes; or

The grinding is to grind the raw materials into powder with the concentration of more than 75 percent and pass through 325 meshes.

26. The method of claim 23, wherein: the grinding is to grind the raw materials into powder respectively until more than 95 percent of the powder passes through a 200-mesh sieve; or

27. The method of claim 24, wherein: the grinding is to grind the raw materials into powder respectively until more than 95 percent of the powder passes through a 200-mesh sieve; or

The grinding is to grind the raw materials into powder with the concentration of more than 75% passing through 325 meshes.

28. The method according to any one of claims 25-27, wherein: the grinding is to grind each raw material into powder until more than 97 percent of the powder passes through 200 meshes; or

The grinding is to grind the raw materials into powder with the particle size of more than 80 percent passing through 325 meshes.

29. The method of any one of claims 1-2, 4-8, 10-12, 15-19, 23-27, wherein: the heat treatment in the step 5) is specifically as follows: adding the dried material into a carbonization furnace for carbonization to obtain a carbonized material; and then adding the carbonized material into an activation furnace, and introducing water vapor or carbon dioxide into the activation furnace to perform an activation reaction with the carbonized material to obtain the high-performance activated carbon.

30. The method of claim 3, wherein: the heat treatment in the step 5) is specifically as follows: adding the dried material into a carbonization furnace for carbonization to obtain a carbonized material; and then adding the carbonized material into an activation furnace, and introducing water vapor or carbon dioxide into the activation furnace to perform an activation reaction with the carbonized material to obtain the high-performance activated carbon.

31. The method of claim 9, wherein: the heat treatment in the step 5) is specifically as follows: adding the dried material into a carbonization furnace for carbonization to obtain a carbonized material; and then adding the carbonized material into an activation furnace, and introducing water vapor or carbon dioxide into the activation furnace to perform an activation reaction with the carbonized material to obtain the high-performance activated carbon.

32. The method of claim 29, wherein: in the carbonization process, the concentration of CO in the carbonization furnace is controlled; controlling the concentration of CO in the carbonization furnace to be b by regulating and controlling the fuel addition amount of a heat source of the carbonization furnace, wherein: b is more than 0 and less than or equal to 45 percent; the temperature range of carbonization is 300-900 ℃; the carbonization time is 15-180 min; and/or

Introducing mixed gas of water vapor and oxygen or introducing mixed gas of carbon dioxide and oxygen into the activation furnace in the activation reaction process; the volume fraction of the oxygen amount in the mixed gas accounting for the water vapor amount or the carbon dioxide amount is 0.1-5%; the temperature range of the activation reaction is 700-1100 ℃; the time of the activation reaction is 20-240 min.

33. The method of claim 30, wherein: in the carbonization process, the concentration of CO in the carbonization furnace is controlled; controlling the concentration of CO in the carbonization furnace to be b by regulating and controlling the fuel addition amount of a heat source of the carbonization furnace, wherein: b is more than 0 and less than or equal to 45 percent; the temperature range of carbonization is 300-900 ℃; the carbonization time is 15-180 min; and/or

34. The method of claim 31, wherein: in the carbonization process, the concentration of CO in the carbonization furnace is controlled; controlling the concentration of CO in the carbonization furnace to be b by regulating and controlling the fuel addition amount of a heat source of the carbonization furnace, wherein: b is more than 0 and less than or equal to 45 percent; the temperature range of the carbonization is 300-900 ℃; the carbonization time is 15-180 min; and/or

35. The method according to any one of claims 32-34, wherein: b is more than 0.1 percent and less than or equal to 40 percent; the temperature range of the carbonization is 400-850 ℃; the carbonization time is 20-120 min;

the volume fraction of the oxygen amount in the mixed gas accounting for the water vapor amount or the carbon dioxide amount is 0.3-4%; the temperature range of the activation reaction is 800-1000 ℃; the time of the activation reaction is 30-180 min.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein: b is more than 0.5 percent and less than or equal to 37 percent; the temperature range of the carbonization is 500-800 ℃; the carbonization time is 30-90 min;

the volume fraction of the oxygen amount in the mixed gas accounting for the water vapor amount or the carbon dioxide amount is 0.5-3%; the temperature range of the activation reaction is 850-950 ℃; the time of the activation reaction is 40-120 min.

37. The method of any one of claims 1-2, 4-8, 10-12, 15-19, 23-27, wherein: the heat treatment in the step 5) is specifically as follows: and adding the dried material into a carbonization-activation integrated furnace, and introducing water vapor or carbon dioxide to the furnace end of the carbonization-activation integrated furnace to perform carbonization-activation reaction with the dried material to obtain the high-performance activated carbon.

38. The method of claim 3, wherein: the heat treatment in the step 5) is specifically as follows: and adding the dried material into a carbonization-activation integrated furnace, and introducing water vapor or carbon dioxide to the furnace end of the carbonization-activation integrated furnace to perform carbonization-activation reaction with the dried material to obtain the high-performance activated carbon.

39. The method of claim 9, wherein: the heat treatment in the step 5) is specifically as follows: and adding the dried material into a carbonization-activation integrated furnace, and introducing water vapor or carbon dioxide to the furnace end of the carbonization-activation integrated furnace to perform carbonization-activation reaction with the dried material to obtain the high-performance activated carbon.

40. The method of claim 37, wherein: in the heat treatment process of carbonization and activation integration, the concentration of CO in the furnace is controlled; controlling the concentration of CO in the carbonization-activation integrated furnace to be c by regulating and controlling the fuel addition amount of a heat source of the carbonization-activation integrated furnace, wherein: c is more than 0 and less than or equal to 42 percent.

41. The method of claim 38, wherein: in the heat treatment process of carbonization and activation integration, the concentration of CO in the furnace is controlled; controlling the concentration of CO in the carbonization-activation integrated furnace to be c by regulating and controlling the fuel addition amount of a heat source of the carbonization-activation integrated furnace, wherein: c is more than 0 and less than or equal to 42 percent.

42. The method of claim 39, wherein: in the heat treatment process of carbonization and activation integration, the concentration of CO in the furnace is controlled; controlling the concentration of CO in the carbonization-activation integrated furnace to be c by regulating the fuel addition amount of a heat source of the carbonization-activation integrated furnace, wherein: c is more than 0 and less than or equal to 42 percent.

43. The method of any one of claims 40-42, wherein: in the heat treatment process of carbonization and activation integration, the concentration of CO in the furnace is controlled; controlling the concentration of CO in the carbonization-activation integrated furnace to be c by regulating and controlling the fuel addition amount of a heat source of the carbonization-activation integrated furnace, wherein: c is more than 0.1 percent and less than or equal to 37 percent.

44. The method of claim 43, wherein: in the heat treatment process of carbonization and activation integration, the concentration of CO in the furnace is controlled; controlling the concentration of CO in the carbonization-activation integrated furnace to be c by regulating the fuel addition amount of a heat source of the carbonization-activation integrated furnace, wherein: c is more than 0.5 percent and less than or equal to 35 percent.

45. The method of any one of claims 40-42, wherein: the temperature range of the heat treatment is 500-1100 ℃; the time of the heat treatment is 15-240 min.

46. The method of claim 45, wherein: the temperature range of the heat treatment is 600-1000 ℃; the time of the heat treatment is 20-180 min.

47. The method of claim 45, wherein: the temperature range of the heat treatment is 650-950 ℃; the time of the heat treatment is 30-120 min.

48. The method of any one of claims 1-2, 4-8, 10-12, 15-19, 23-27, 30-34, 36, 38-42, 44, 46-47, wherein: the first-stage powerful kneading and/or the second-stage powerful kneading are/is carried out by adopting a batch stirrer, a continuous stirrer or a powerful mixer for powerful mixing.

49. The method of claim 48, wherein: and a strong mixing machine is adopted for the primary strong mixing kneading and/or the secondary strong mixing kneading.

50. The method of claim 48, wherein: and carrying out heat tracing in the kneading process, wherein the heat tracing temperature is 50-100 ℃.

51. The method of claim 50, wherein: the heat tracing temperature is 70-90 ℃.

52. The method of claim 48, wherein: the blending degree of the first-stage blending material and/or the second-stage blending material is more than or equal to 75%.

53. The method of claim 48, wherein: the blending degree of the first-stage blending material and/or the second-stage blending material is more than or equal to 80%.

54. The method of claim 48, wherein: the blending degree of the first-stage blending material and/or the second-stage blending material is more than or equal to 85%.

55. The method of any one of claims 1-2, 4-8, 10-12, 15-19, 23-27, 30-34, 36, 38-42, 44, 46-47, 49-54, wherein: the shape of the active carbon precursor molding material in the step 3) is one or more of spherical, cylindrical and rectangular; and/or

And 4) drying the active carbon precursor molding material until the water content is lower than 13%.

56. The method of claim 55, wherein: the shape of the active carbon precursor molding material in the step 3) is cylindrical, and the size of the cylindrical active carbon precursor molding material is 4-12 mm; and/or

And 4) drying the active carbon precursor molding material until the water content is lower than 10%.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein: the size of the cylindrical active carbon precursor molding material is 4.5-11 mm; and/or

And 4) drying the active carbon precursor molding material until the water content is lower than 7%.

58. The method of claim 56, wherein: the size of the cylindrical active carbon precursor molding material is 5-10 mm.