CN114349003A

CN114349003A - Preparation method of activated carbon

Info

Publication number: CN114349003A
Application number: CN202210112819.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾利东; 乔骊竹; 彭汉忠; 闫飞飞; 李君�; 杨静; 冀晓慧
Original assignee: Inner Mongolia Puruifen Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Inner Mongolia Puruifen Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-29
Filing date: 2022-01-29
Publication date: 2022-04-15

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of activated carbon, which comprises the following steps: s1, mixing the raw material coal with the pretreated carbon powder to form a first material; s2, adding coal tar into the first material and uniformly stirring to form a second material; s3, preparing the second material into a molding material; s4, carrying out dry distillation treatment on the molding material to form a carbonized material; and S5, activating the carbonized material to form the activated carbon. The invention can make full use of the carbon powder produced in the production process of the activated carbon and can ensure that the prepared activated carbon has better performance.

Description

Preparation method of activated carbon

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method of activated carbon, in particular to a method for preparing activated carbon by replacing part of raw coal with carbon powder treated by flue gas.

Background

In the production process of the activated carbon, friction can occur between materials and between the materials and equipment, so that some activated carbon powder can be generated, and the prior art generally directly burns the activated carbon powder, so that the resources can not be well utilized, and the function of the activated carbon powder can not be utilized to the maximum extent. The carbon powder generated by the activated carbon does not adsorb smoke, so the activated carbon has less impurities and can be used as a part of raw materials to prepare the activated carbon again. However, if the carbon powder cannot be well blended into the activated carbon production process (if the addition amount is too large), the carbon powder also affects the index of the product to a certain extent. Therefore, how to reasonably utilize the part of the activated carbon powder resource becomes a problem to be solved urgently in the industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of activated carbon, which is used for fully utilizing carbon powder generated in the production process of the activated carbon.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing activated carbon, comprising the steps of:

s1, mixing raw material coal with pretreated carbon powder to form a first material;

s2, adding coal tar into the first material and uniformly stirring to form a second material;

s3, preparing the second material into a molding material;

s4, performing high-temperature dry distillation treatment on the molding material to form a carbonized material;

and S5, activating the carbonized material to form the activated carbon.

According to one aspect of the invention, the pretreatment of the carbon powder is to perform flue gas adsorption and grinding treatment on the carbon powder formed by activated carbon, and in the pretreatment, the carbon powder is subjected to distribution treatment by using denitration flue gas, and then the carbon powder is subjected to distribution treatment by using desulfurization flue gas.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the carbon powder is activated carbon powder generated in an activated carbon production process, and the pretreatment comprises the following steps:

a. screening and filling the mixture into a desulfurization and denitrification reactor;

b. introducing various gas distributions of the denitration flue gas into a bypass pipeline of the desulfurization and denitration reactor, stabilizing the gas distributions for a period of time when the gas distributions reach a preset value in an analyzer, introducing the gas distributions into the desulfurization and denitration reactor, adsorbing the carbon powder for a period of time, and introducing nitrogen for purging;

c. and (3) introducing various gas distributions of the desulfurization flue gas into a bypass pipeline of the desulfurization and denitrification reactor, stabilizing the gas distributions for a period of time when the gas distributions reach preset values in an analyzer, and introducing the gas distributions into the desulfurization and denitrification reactor to adsorb the carbon powder for a period of time.

d. Repeating the step (b) and the step (c), completing the pretreatment of the carbon powder, and determining the iodine value of the carbon powder.

According to one aspect of the invention, the distribution of the denitration flue gas comprises oxygen, water vapor, nitric oxide, ammonia and nitrogen;

the gas distribution of the desulfurization flue gas comprises oxygen, water vapor, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen.

According to one aspect of the invention, said step (d) is repeated from 5 to 30 times, preferably at 15 times.

According to one aspect of the invention, the content A of volatile matters in the carbon powder meets the following requirements: a is more than or equal to 5 wt%, and the particle size range is 1-5 mm.

According to one aspect of the invention, the flue gas is distributed according to sintering flue gas of iron and steel enterprises.

According to an aspect of the present invention, in step S1, the raw coal is at least one of anthracite, coking coal and semi-coke.

According to one aspect of the present invention, in step S1, the raw material coal is formed by mixing anthracite, coking coal and semi-coke, and the mass ratio of the anthracite: coking coal: 1-2 parts of semi-coke: 1-3: 3-6.

According to one aspect of the present invention, in step S1, the mass ratio of the anthracite, the coking coal and the semi-coke is anthracite: coking coal: semi coke is 2:3: 5.

According to an aspect of the present invention, in step S1, a blending ratio X1 of the raw material coal and a blending ratio X2 of the charcoal powder in the first material satisfy: x1+ X2 is less than or equal to 1, wherein X1 is less than or equal to 99 percent by weight and X2 is less than or equal to 40 percent by weight and more than or equal to 60 percent by weight.

According to one aspect of the invention, the coal tar is added in the step S2 in an amount of 28 wt% to 35 wt% of the mass of the first material, and the pitch content of the coal tar is 55 wt% to 65 wt%.

According to one aspect of the invention, the fineness of the first material satisfies a screen rate of greater than 90% on a 325 mesh tyler standard screen.

According to one aspect of the invention, in the step of adding coal tar to form the second material in step S2, when the temperature of the first material reaches 50-60 ℃, coal tar is added, and the material is kneaded and stirred for at least 10 min.

According to an aspect of the invention, in step S3, the second material is pressed under a pressure of 5-25MPa to form a strip-shaped molding material;

the particle size of the molding material is 7-11mm, and the length is 0.5-1.5 cm.

According to one aspect of the invention, in step S4, the molding material is subjected to high-temperature dry distillation treatment by a carbonization furnace, and the molding material is sequentially shifted from the region of carbonization temperature of 250-.

According to one scheme of the invention, the carbon powder and the raw material coal are mixed according to a certain proportion and are extruded and molded, so that pores of the prepared activated carbon can be developed, the iodine value of the activated carbon product can be obviously improved, oxygen-containing functional groups can be added, the desulfurization and denitrification effects of the activated carbon on flue gas can be improved, and the desorption speed of the activated carbon is higher.

According to one scheme of the invention, by reasonably setting the fineness of the raw materials of coal and carbon powder, the carbon particles can be ensured to form tighter connection in the extrusion molding process of the material, so that the van der Waals force of molecules is larger, and the molding material with higher strength is obtained.

According to one scheme of the invention, the compaction degree of the molding material is higher, the moisture content is lower and the strength is higher by applying high pressure to the material in the extrusion process. In addition, through the particle size and the length that rationally set up the molding material, be favorable to its inside pore development, can avoid appearing the inhomogeneous condition of inside pore development for the adsorption efficiency of active carbon product is better, and makes the efficiency of carbomorphism, activation process higher.

According to one scheme of the invention, the pores inside and outside the molding material are preliminarily formed through step temperature change in the dry distillation treatment, and the step heating can avoid the molding material from generating cracks due to rapid temperature change, so that the quality and the strength of the carbonized material can be ensured. In addition, the high-temperature discharge can also ensure that the carbonized material has certain activity when entering a subsequent activation procedure, so that the time required by the activation process is shorter and the efficiency is higher.

According to one scheme of the invention, the proportion of the mesopores and the macropores of the carbonized material is improved, so that the adsorption speed and the desorption speed of the activated carbon are accelerated in the using process, and the activated carbon has excellent desulfurization and denitrification performances.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart schematically showing a method for preparing activated carbon according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of carbon powder desulfurization and denitrification cycles and the iodine value.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, which are not repeated herein, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, in the method for preparing activated carbon of the present invention, raw coal and pretreated carbon powder are uniformly mixed to form a first material. And adding coal tar into the first material and uniformly stirring to form a second material. And then preparing the second material into a molding material, and carrying out high-temperature dry distillation treatment on the molding material to form a carbonized material. And finally, activating the carbonized material to form the activated carbon.

In the invention, the carbon powder is the activated carbon powder generated in the activated carbon production process, and the carbon powder serving as a raw material needs to be pretreated in a desulfurization and denitrification reactor. For this purpose, the flue gas used for adsorption needs to be prepared to simulate the sintering flue gas of steel enterprises. Specifically, the carbon powder is firstly screened, and the carbon powder with the particle size of 1-5mm is selected and filled into a desulfurization and denitrification reactor. And preparing an air source, wherein the air source mainly comprises oxygen, deionized water, nitric oxide, ammonia gas, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen gas, so that the subsequent distribution of the flue gas is carried out through a bypass pipeline of the desulfurization and denitrification reactor.

During pretreatment, the denitration flue gas is firstly distributed, namely, the bypass pipelines are firstly opened to respectively introduce oxygen, water vapor, nitric oxide, ammonia gas and nitrogen gas (as atmosphere gas) into each flue gas pipeline, so that the distribution gases are converged in the bypass pipelines to form the denitration flue gas, and then the denitration flue gas enters the analyzer through the pipelines. When the components reach preset values in the analyzer, the components are stabilized for 30min, the bypass pipeline is closed, and the main pipeline is opened, so that the denitration flue gas is introduced into the desulfurization and denitration reactor. The carbon powder can fully adsorb the flue gas in the reactor, and the adsorption time is 20 h. After adsorption, high-purity nitrogen with the flow rate of 10NL/min is introduced as purging carrier gas for purging, and the purging time is 1 h. In this embodiment, the preset concentration values of the mixed gas are: o is₂The concentration was 16% (volume fraction, dry basis), with an absolute deviation of. + -. 0.5% (bulk)Integral number); humidity of 10% (volume fraction), allowed absolute deviation ± 0.5% (volume fraction); NO concentration 400ppm (dry basis), allowed absolute deviation. + -. 10 ppm; NH (NH)₃The concentration was 400ppm (dry basis), with an absolute deviation of. + -. 10 ppm.

And then, distributing the desulfurized flue gas, namely, opening the bypass pipeline firstly, and introducing the desulfurized flue gas consisting of oxygen, water vapor, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen (as atmosphere gas). And through the observation of an analyzer, when each component reaches a preset value, the stability is kept for 30min, then the bypass pipeline is closed, and the main pipeline is opened, so that the desulfurized flue gas is introduced into the desulfurization and denitrification reactor. The carbon powder can fully adsorb the flue gas in the reactor, and the adsorption time is 5 h. In this embodiment, the preset concentration values of the mixed gas are: o is₂Concentration of 16% (volume fraction, dry basis), allowing absolute deviation ± 0.5% (volume fraction); humidity of 10% (volume fraction), allowed absolute deviation ± 0.5% (volume fraction); SO (SO)₂The concentration was 1020ppm (dry basis), allowing an absolute deviation of. + -. 10 ppm.

Finally, the above denitration and desulfurization processes are performed in a circulating manner, the carbon powder is subjected to desulfurization and denitration treatment for 5-30 times respectively to obtain pretreated carbon powder, and the iodine value of the pretreated carbon powder is measured as shown in the following table 1 and fig. 2:

TABLE 1 iodine value of powdered carbon after cyclic desulfurization and denitrification pretreatment

It can be seen that the iodine value of the carbon powder rapidly rises in the early stage of the cyclic desulfurization and denitrification pretreatment, and the iodine value rises smoothly after the cycle exceeds 15 times. Since the time for completing the circulation once is about 32 hours, it is preferable to set the number of the circulation to 15 in order to reduce the time cost and to represent the carbon powder.

In summary, the invention does not use waste carbon powder generated by industrial desulfurization and denitration equipment as a raw material, but uses the prepared gas to simulate sintering flue gas to perform desulfurization and denitration treatment on pure carbon powder, so that the carbon powder can have functional groups and impurities in the carbon powder can be reduced. And the part of pure carbon powder is derived from powder generated in the production process of the activated carbon, so that the carbon powder resource is fully utilized.

In the invention, the raw material coal is at least one of anthracite, coking coal and semi-coke, preferably is formed by mixing anthracite, coking coal and semi-coke, and the mass ratio is 1-2: 1-3: 3-6. In the present embodiment, anthracite: coking coal: the mass ratio of the semi-coke is 2:3: 5. The raw material coal prepared by adopting the preparation proportion can ensure that the quality of the subsequently generated activated carbon is better, and the strength, the porosity and the activity are higher.

In the first material, the preparation ratio X1 of the raw material coal and the preparation ratio X2 of the carbon powder satisfy the following conditions: x1+ X2 is less than or equal to 1, wherein X1 is less than or equal to 99 percent by weight and X2 is less than or equal to 40 percent by weight and more than or equal to 60 percent by weight. According to the above, the carbon powder of the present invention is obtained by pretreating carbon powder in the production process of activated carbon through flue gas adsorption, grinding and the like, i.e. activated carbon particle powder with a particle size of less than 0.045mm is formed, wherein the activated carbon particle powder contains a part of volatile components. Therefore, the method reasonably and repeatedly utilizes the activated carbon powder generated in the preparation process of the activated carbon, thereby improving the utilization rate of the carbon powder and better playing the role of the carbon powder. In addition, since the carbon powder contains a large amount of pores, the addition of carbon powder to the raw material can also promote the development of pores in the raw material coal. In addition, the carbon powder is pretreated according to the method, so that a large amount of volatile matters and a small amount of oxygen-containing functional groups are contained, and the desulfurization and denitrification indexes of the activated carbon are improved, so that the key indexes such as the adsorption performance of the finished activated carbon are better.

According to the invention, the fineness of the first material meets the requirement that the sieving rate on a 325-mesh Taylor standard sieve is more than 90%, namely the raw material coal and the carbon powder respectively reach the fineness, so that the raw material coal particles and the carbon powder particles can be fully and uniformly mixed, the raw material coal particles and the carbon powder particles can be more closely connected in the high-pressure forming process of the material, the molecular van der Waals force is larger, and the strength of the obtained formed material is higher.

In the invention, the second material is pressed under the pressure of 5-25MPa to form a strip-shaped molding material, the particle size of which is 7-11mm, and the length of which is 0.5-1.5 cm. So, through applying high pressure in extrusion process, can make the compactedness of shaping material higher, moisture is lower, and intensity is higher. In addition, the particle size and the length of the molding material are set in the range, so that the pore development in the molding material is more favorable, the defect of uneven pore development in the molding material can be avoided, the adsorption performance of the final activated carbon finished product is better, and the efficiency of the carbonization and activation processes is higher.

In the invention, the molding material is subjected to high-temperature carbonization treatment by a carbonization furnace, specifically, the molding material is sequentially shifted from a 300 ℃ carbonization temperature region to a 500 ℃ carbonization temperature region and then shifted to a 700 ℃ carbonization temperature region in the carbonization furnace, and then the molding material is discharged from a discharge bin of the carbonization furnace to obtain the carbonized material. So, make the hole of shaping material inside and outside preliminary formation through cascaded temperature variation, can avoid the shaping material to receive the sharp change of temperature and produce the crack to the quality and the intensity of carbonization material have been guaranteed.

In the invention, the carbonized material and water vapor are subjected to activation reaction in an activation furnace at the temperature of 900 ℃, thereby obtaining the activated carbon. So for the mesopore of carbomorphism material and macroporous proportion obviously improve, and the formation in hole can make active carbon get adsorption rate and desorption speed all obtain accelerating in the use for active carbon possesses good SOx/NOx control performance.

In the following examples, the iodine value mg/g is measured by using the national standard GB/T7702.15-1987, the abrasion resistance% is measured by using the national standard GB/T30202.3-2013, the compressive strength is measured by using the national standard GB/T30202.3-2013, the ash content is measured by using the national standard GB/T7702.15-2008, the desulfurization value is measured by using the national standard GB/T30202.4-2013, and the denitrification rate is measured by using the national standard GB/T35254-2017, as shown in table 2 below:

TABLE 2

Example 1

Referring to table 1, in the embodiment, anthracite, coking coal and semi-coke are respectively crushed and ground into raw material coal according to the mass ratio of 2:3:5, and the fineness of the raw material coal meets the requirement that the sieving rate on a 325-mesh Taylor standard sieve is more than 90%; crushing and grinding the carbon powder, wherein the fineness of the carbon powder meets the requirement that the sieving rate of the carbon powder on a 325-mesh Taylor standard sieve is more than 90 percent; the content of the coal tar pitch meets 55 wt% -65 wt%.

And then weighing raw coal, carbon powder and coal tar and putting the raw coal, the carbon powder and the coal tar into kneading equipment. The ratio of anthracite, coking coal and semi coke in the raw coal is unchanged, and accounts for 99 wt% of the first material, the carbon powder accounts for 1 wt% of the first material, and the coal tar accounts for 30 wt% of the first material (not accounting for the total weight of the first material). The raw material coal and the carbon powder are put into a kneading device from big to small in mass, the kneading device can be heated, the constant temperature is 85 ℃, the stirring time is 30min, and the raw material coal and the carbon powder can be fully mixed in the stirring time. The feeding mode from large to small can ensure that the materials with small mass are more quickly dispersed in the materials with large mass during stirring, so that the materials are more quickly and uniformly stirred. And when the temperature of the material reaches 45-50 ℃, weighing coal tar accounting for 30 wt% of the mass of the first material, adding the coal tar into kneading equipment, kneading and stirring the material for 10min, fully playing the role of coal tar lubrication and bonding under the conditions of the kneading and stirring time and the temperature of the material, preparing for bonding the formed coal particles together in the next step, and obtaining the kneaded material after the kneading and stirring are completed.

In this embodiment, the kneaded material was subjected to compression molding by a four-column hydraulic press to obtain a strip-shaped material, and then granulated to obtain a molded material. Wherein the grain diameter of the carbon rod is 8.8mm, the length is 1-1.5cm, and the molding pressure is 15 MPa. And then, feeding the formed material into a carbonization furnace for carbonization and dry distillation treatment to obtain a carbonized material. Wherein the molding material is moved from a carbonization temperature of 350 ℃ to a carbonization temperature of 500 ℃ in a carbonization furnace, then is moved to a 700 ℃ region, and then is discharged from a discharge bin of the carbonization furnace to obtain the carbonized material, and the carbonization time is 60 min. And finally, feeding the carbonized material into an activation furnace for activation treatment to obtain the activated carbon. In the step of activation treatment, water vapor is used as an activation medium, and the water vapor is introduced when the temperature of the furnace body is raised to 800 ℃, so that the carbonized material has a water vapor atmosphere when being activated. When the temperature of the furnace body is raised to 900 ℃, the activation furnace runs for 5min at constant temperature, so that the temperature of the furnace can be stabilized at 900 +/-1 ℃. And (3) feeding the carbonized material into an activation furnace for activation reaction for 5min to obtain the activated carbon. The indexes of the prepared active carbon are as follows: the abrasion resistance is 98.23%, the compression strength is 47.5kgf, the iodine value is 330mg/g, the ash content is 12.45%, the desulfurization value is 15.40mg/g, and the denitration rate is 54.84%. Compared with indexes GB/T30201-2013 coal granular activated carbon for desulfurization and denitrification, the method can obtain the qualified activated carbon product with excellent wear resistance and compressive strength.

In the following examples, the characteristics of materials such as raw coal and coal tar are different, but the production process is the same as the above process, and thus the description is omitted.

Examples 2 to 11

Referring to table 2, examples 2 to 10 are different from example 1 in the content of carbon powder added to the raw material, while example 11 does not add carbon powder to the raw material. Further, as can be seen from table 2, the corresponding indexes of the final activated carbon products obtained in the different examples were also changed, and the reuse of the carbon powder was maximally achieved by setting the carbon powder content to 1 wt% to 30 wt%, whereas the indexes of the activated carbon prepared using the carbon powder were not less than 330mg/g in iodine value, not less than 97% in abrasion resistance, not less than 40kgf in compression resistance, not less than 15.4mg/g in desulfurization value, and not less than 54.8% in denitration rate. In the case of example 11 in which no carbon powder was used, the iodine value, desulfurization value and denitration rate were all decreased, that is, the iodine value, desulfurization value and denitration rate of activated carbon prepared by mixing the raw material coal with carbon powder as one of the raw materials of the activated carbon were better, which was associated with the fact that the carbon powder itself had a porous structure and contained oxygen-containing functional groups capable of catalyzing reactions. The porous structure of the carbon powder can promote the development of the porous structure in the activated carbon during the carbonization and pyrolysis of the coal, thereby greatly improving the specific surface area and the desulfurization and denitrification performance of the activated carbon.

In examples 1 to 11, the iodine number, desulfurization number and denitration rate were gradually increased as the specific gravity of the carbon powder in the first material was increased, and when the carbon powder was contained in an amount of 21 wt%, high-grade activated carbon could be obtained. Therefore, the carbon powder is adopted in the first material to replace part of raw material coal, so that the cost of the raw material is saved, the active carbon with qualified indexes is produced, and the desulfurization and denitrification performance of the active carbon is higher. The content of the carbon powder can be seen to have a space for improving through the index condition, so the content of the carbon powder is not only 1 wt% -21 wt%, but also more than 21 wt%.

Examples 12 to 14

In example 12, the waste material (rejected material, not treated with flue gas) under the screen of activated carbon is used as raw material, coal tar is used as binder, other preparation processes and control parameters are the same as those in example 1, and the experimental statistics of the properties of the activated carbon prepared by the method are shown in the following table 3:

TABLE 3

It can be seen that the iodine value, desulfurization value, and denitration value of the activated carbon prepared from the crushed material of the activated carbon sieve and the raw material coal are still lower than the corresponding indexes of the activated carbon prepared in examples 1 to 10. Therefore, even if the active carbon is prepared by using the crushed materials sieved by the active carbon and the raw material coal, the performance index of the obtained active carbon product still has defects.

Examples 15 to 17

Examples 15 to 17 use carbon powder and raw coal generated in the flue gas purification process of a steel mill as raw materials, coal tar as a binder, and other preparation processes and control parameters are the same as those in example 1, and experimental statistics of the properties of the activated carbon prepared by the methods are shown in table 4 below:

TABLE 4

It can be seen that, compared with the activated carbon produced in the present invention, the activated carbon prepared from the raw coal and the carbon powder produced in the flue gas purification process has similar abrasion resistance, compressive strength, iodine value and ash content to those of the activated carbon prepared from the raw coal and the carbon powder, but has lower desulfurization value and denitration rate than those of the activated carbon prepared from the raw coal and the carbon powder.

In addition, the iodine value of the carbon powder adopted in the invention is within the range of 300-400mg/g, the ash content is within the range of 12-18%, the volatile matter is within the range of 10-15%, and the indexes obtained after sampling detection are shown in the following table 5:

TABLE 5 carbon powder index

It can be seen that, the carbon powder with indexes in table 5 contains a large amount of mesopores and micropores to form a porous structure, and has the characteristic of being close to the functional groups contained in the carbon powder produced in the purification process of a steel mill after pretreatment, so that the desulfurization and denitrification effects are remarkably improved.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of activated carbon comprises the following steps:

s1, mixing the raw material coal with the pretreated carbon powder to form a first material;

s3, preparing the second material into a molding material;

s4, carrying out dry distillation treatment on the molding material to form a carbonized material;

and S5, activating the carbonized material to form the activated carbon.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the carbon powder is activated carbon powder generated in an activated carbon production process, and the pre-treatment comprises the following steps:

a. screening the carbon powder and then filling the carbon powder into a desulfurization and denitrification reactor;

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the distribution of the denitrated flue gas comprises oxygen, water vapor, nitric oxide, ammonia and nitrogen;

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the number of repetitions in step (d) is from 5 to 30.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the content A of volatile matters in the carbon powder is not less than 5 wt%, and the particle size is 1-5 mm.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the feed coal is at least one of anthracite, coking coal, and semi-coke.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the raw material coal is prepared by mixing anthracite, coking coal and semi-coke, and the mass ratio is 1-2: 1-3: 3-6.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of the anthracite coal, the coking coal and the semi-coke is 2:3: 5.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the formulation ratio of the raw coal X1 and the formulation ratio of the carbon powder X2 in the first material satisfy the following relationship:

X1+X2≤1；

wherein X1 is more than or equal to 60 wt% and less than or equal to 99 wt%, and X2 is more than or equal to 1 wt% and less than or equal to 40 wt%.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the fineness of the first material meets a screen rating of greater than 90% on a 325 mesh taylor standard screen.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the coal tar is added in the step (S2) in an amount of 28 to 35 wt% based on the mass of the first material;

the asphalt content of the coal tar is 55 wt% -65 wt%.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (S2), when the first material temperature reaches 50-60 ℃, the coal tar is added and kneaded and stirred for at least 10 min.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (S3), the second material is pressed under a pressure of 5-25MPa to form a shaped material in the form of a strip;

14. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (S4), the molding material is moved from the carbonization temperature of 250-300 ℃ to the carbonization temperature of 450-500 ℃ and then to the carbonization temperature of 650-700 ℃ in the carbonization furnace, thereby completing the dry distillation treatment to form the carbonized material.