CN113629811A - Battery equalization circuit of inductive transformer - Google Patents
Battery equalization circuit of inductive transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113629811A CN113629811A CN202110918148.3A CN202110918148A CN113629811A CN 113629811 A CN113629811 A CN 113629811A CN 202110918148 A CN202110918148 A CN 202110918148A CN 113629811 A CN113629811 A CN 113629811A
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- battery
- transformer
- balancing
- equalization
- circuit
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- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/02—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a battery equalization circuit of an inductance transformer, which comprises a battery module, a battery unit, an equalization inductor and an equalization transformer. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the voltage difference between the single batteries is amplified by 4 times, so that the voltage difference is increased, the defect that the equalization efficiency is reduced when the voltage difference between the single batteries is small in the inductance equalization is overcome, and the equalization efficiency is greatly improved; the demagnetization resistor is connected in parallel in the inductance equalization circuit, so that the equalization efficiency is prevented from being reduced due to inductance magnetization; a high-frequency filter capacitor is connected in parallel with each battery monomer and is used for filtering clutter in the energy transmission process; the grouped transformer method is used for balancing the series single batteries, the overall circuit design is simple, the realization is easy, and the balancing effect is ideal; and a circuit structure of grouping equalization is adopted, so that the efficiency of battery equalization and the energy utilization rate are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an equalization circuit, in particular to an inductance transformer battery equalization circuit, and belongs to the technical field of battery management.
Background
The single batteries in the battery pack are inevitably inconsistent in voltage, capacity, internal resistance and the like in the manufacturing and using processes and are a continuously accumulated process, and the difference generated between the single batteries is larger as the time is longer; moreover, the lithium ion battery pack is influenced by the use environment, and the inconsistency of the single batteries is gradually amplified in the use process, so that the performance of certain single batteries is accelerated and attenuated.
Aiming at a series of problems caused by battery inconsistency, the problems can be effectively improved by adopting balance management. The balance management means that the capacity among the batteries reaches an approximately consistent level by directly consuming generated heat through a bypass resistor or transferring the electric quantity of the phase difference among the single batteries through an energy storage element. The good balance management can improve the conversion efficiency of the battery pack, prolong the service life of the battery pack, improve the available capacity of the battery pack and avoid the unsafe state of the battery pack to a certain extent.
And for the existing battery equalization method:
1) the switched inductor method is used for managing active balance of two adjacent battery monomers, and mainly has the functions of judging the charge state difference between the two adjacent batteries, and transferring redundant electric quantity of a battery with high voltage to a battery with low voltage through the action of a transfer station of an inductor in a mode of switching a power supply by a balance module according to the result of a balance algorithm so as to realize the maximization of the capacity of the battery. The scheme only needs a switch and an inductor to complete the construction of the equalizing circuit, and has the advantages of simple structure and almost no energy loss in the equalizing process; however, energy transfer can only be performed between adjacent battery cells, and since the inductor has a buffer period as an energy transfer medium, when the voltage difference of each cell in the battery pack is small, large current equalization cannot be completed, and the equalization effect is not ideal;
2) the transformer balancing circuit can simultaneously realize the balancing of a plurality of battery monomers, so that the terminal voltages of all the battery monomers are finally close to the average voltage level. The topology has the advantages of simple operation and easy control, but when the number of the battery cells is large, the design of the multi-winding transformer is difficult, the consistency of the windings on the primary side is difficult to ensure, and the topology has the defect of difficult expansion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an inductance transformer battery equalization circuit for solving the problems.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: an inductive transformer battery equalization circuit comprises
The battery module is composed of a plurality of battery monomers which are connected in series;
the battery unit consists of four connected battery monomers in the battery module;
the balancing inductor is composed of an energy storage inductor and is connected with the two adjacent battery units in parallel;
the balancing transformer is composed of a transformer balancing primary winding 1, a transformer balancing secondary winding 2 and a transformer balancing magnetic core, the transformer balancing magnetic core is arranged between the transformer balancing primary winding 1 and the transformer balancing secondary winding 2, the transformer balancing primary winding 1 is respectively connected to the circuits of each battery unit, and the transformer balancing secondary winding 2 is connected to the circuits of each battery unit;
the equalizing method of the equalizing circuit comprises the following steps:
firstly, balancing between two adjacent battery units is completed through a balancing inductor;
and step two, balancing the four battery monomers in each battery unit by using the transformer.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the energy storage inductor is connected with a degaussing resistor in parallel in the connecting circuit.
As a still further scheme of the invention: each battery monomer is connected with a high-frequency filter capacitor in parallel.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and a power switch tube is connected in the connecting circuit of each battery cell.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and a power switch tube is connected in series on a connecting wire of each battery unit and the balance secondary winding of the transformer.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and a power switch tube is connected in series on a connecting wire of each battery unit connected with the energy storage inductor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) compared with the existing inductive equalization scheme, after the series single batteries are grouped, because the voltage of each equalization unit is 4 times of the series voltage of the 4 single batteries, namely the voltage difference between the single batteries is amplified by 4 times, the voltage difference is increased, the defect that the equalization efficiency is reduced when the voltage difference between the single batteries is small in inductive equalization is overcome, and the equalization efficiency is greatly improved;
2) compared with the existing balancing scheme, the invention has the advantages that the demagnetization resistor is connected in parallel in the inductance balancing circuit, so that the reduction of the balancing efficiency caused by inductance magnetization is prevented; a high-frequency filter capacitor is connected in parallel with each battery monomer and is used for filtering clutter in the energy transmission process;
3) compared with the existing transformer method equalization scheme, the invention performs grouping transformer method equalization on the series single batteries, the overall circuit design is simple, the realization is easy, and the equalization effect is ideal;
4) the invention adopts a circuit structure of grouping equalization, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of battery equalization and the energy utilization rate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a first current direction according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram illustrating a current direction according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a third current direction according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a fourth schematic current direction diagram according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a fifth schematic view showing the current direction according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a sixth schematic view of the current direction according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, an inductance transformer battery equalization circuit includes
The battery module is composed of a plurality of battery monomers B which are connected in series;
the battery unit consists of four connected battery monomers B in the battery module;
the balancing inductor is composed of an energy storage inductor L and is connected with two adjacent battery units in parallel;
the balancing transformer is composed of a transformer balancing primary winding N1, a transformer balancing secondary winding N2 and a transformer balancing magnetic core T, the transformer balancing magnetic core T is arranged between the transformer balancing primary winding N1 and the transformer balancing secondary winding N2, the transformer balancing primary winding N1 is respectively connected in the circuit of each battery cell B, and the transformer balancing secondary winding N2 is connected in the circuit of each group of battery cells;
the equalization circuit scheme comprises the following steps:
firstly, balancing between two adjacent battery units is completed through a balancing inductor;
and step two, balancing the four battery monomers B in each battery unit by using the transformer.
In the embodiment of the invention, the energy storage inductor L is connected with a degaussing resistor R in parallel in the connecting circuit, so that the reduction of the equalizing efficiency caused by the magnetization of the inductor is prevented.
In the embodiment of the invention, each battery cell B is connected in parallel with a high-frequency filter capacitor C for filtering noise waves in the energy transmission process.
In the embodiment of the invention, a power switch tube S is connected in the connecting circuit of each battery cell B, so that transformer type balance of each battery cell B is realized.
In the embodiment of the invention, a power switching tube S is connected in series on a connecting line of each battery unit, which is connected with a secondary winding N2 of the transformer balancing, so as to implement transformer-type balancing on each battery unit.
In the embodiment of the invention, a power switch tube S is connected in series on the connecting line of each battery unit connected with the energy storage inductor L.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2 to 6, an inductance transformer battery equalization circuit is provided, in which two unit segments, an nth unit and an n +1 th unit, are formed by connecting eight battery cells in series, and a specific equalization process of the present invention is described in detail by taking an example. The equalization procedure is described with the exception of a cell having a relatively high voltage.
Assuming that the voltage of the nth cell is higher than the voltage of the (n + 1) th cell, the equalizing step is as follows:
first, the power switch tube Sn-6Conduction, S(n+1)-6Turning off and turning on the nth battery unit and the inductor LnPart of the electric quantity of the nth battery unit is stored in the inductor LnIn the direction of the current flow as shown in fig. 2;
second, the power switch tube S(n+1)-6Conduction, Sn-6Turning off and turning on the (n + 1) th battery unit and the inductor LnInductance LnTransferring the electric quantity stored in the previous step to the (n + 1) th battery unit to form a current direction as shown in fig. 3;
thirdly, after the first step and the second step are circulated for a plurality of times, the voltage difference between the nth battery unit and the (n + 1) th battery unit is further reduced, and when the voltage difference between the nth battery unit and the (n + 1) th battery unit reaches a balance target set value, the inductance balance is closed;
fourthly, balancing among 4 battery monomers in the battery unit is completed by adopting transformer balancing; now, the balancing process will be described by taking the cell balancing of the nth battery unit as an example;
in the first case, assume cell Bn-1The voltage is higher, and the equalization steps are as follows:
in the second case, assume cell Bn-1The voltage is lower, and the equalization steps are as follows:
and fifthly, monitoring the voltage of each single battery in the nth battery unit, stopping the transformer equalization when the voltage of each single battery in the nth battery unit reaches an equalization target value, and finishing the equalization of the nth battery unit.
The working principle is as follows: firstly, balancing between two adjacent battery units is completed through a balancing inductor; then, the transformer is used for balancing the four battery monomers B in each battery unit, and when the voltage difference between two adjacent battery units in the module is large, the inductors L connected with the two battery units in parallel are used for balancing and transferring the electric quantity; and then balancing the four single batteries B in each battery unit by using a transformer.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The scheme of the battery equalization circuit of the inductance transformer is characterized in that: comprises that
A battery module which is composed of a plurality of battery cells (B) connected in series;
the battery unit consists of four connected battery monomers (B) in the battery module;
the balancing inductor is composed of an energy storage inductor (L) and is connected with two adjacent battery units in parallel;
the balancing transformer comprises a transformer balancing primary winding (N1), a transformer balancing secondary winding (N2) and a transformer balancing magnetic core (T), wherein the transformer balancing magnetic core (T) is arranged between the transformer balancing primary winding (N1) and the transformer balancing secondary winding (N2), the transformer balancing primary winding (N1) is connected to the circuit of each battery cell (B) respectively, and the transformer balancing secondary winding (N2) is connected to the circuit of each battery cell.
2. The inductive transformer battery equalization circuit of claim 1, wherein: the energy storage inductor (L) is connected with a degaussing resistor (R) in parallel in the connecting circuit.
3. An inductive transformer battery equalization circuit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: each battery cell (B) is connected with a high-frequency filter capacitor (C) in parallel.
4. The inductive transformer battery equalization circuit of claim 1, wherein: and a power switch tube (S) is connected in a connecting circuit of each battery cell (B).
5. An inductive transformer battery equalization circuit as claimed in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: and a power switch tube (S) is connected in series on a connecting wire of each battery unit connecting with a transformer balancing secondary winding (N2).
6. The inductive transformer battery equalization circuit of claim 1, wherein: and a power switch tube (S) is connected in series on a connecting wire of each battery unit connected with the energy storage inductor (L).
7. The inductance transformer battery equalization circuit according to claim 1, wherein the equalization method of the equalization circuit comprises:
firstly, balancing between two adjacent battery units is completed through a balancing inductor;
and step two, then, balancing the four battery monomers (B) in each battery unit by using the transformer.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN202110918148.3A CN113629811A (en) | 2021-08-11 | 2021-08-11 | Battery equalization circuit of inductive transformer |
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CN202110918148.3A CN113629811A (en) | 2021-08-11 | 2021-08-11 | Battery equalization circuit of inductive transformer |
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CN112671076A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-04-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳) | Battery pack equalization circuit based on half-bridge converter and control method |
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2021
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CN101764421A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2010-06-30 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Equalizing equipment for battery units of electric automobile |
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Application publication date: 20211109 |