CN113621847A - Alterant, preparation method thereof and raw material composition for preparing alterant - Google Patents
Alterant, preparation method thereof and raw material composition for preparing alterant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113621847A CN113621847A CN202110954793.0A CN202110954793A CN113621847A CN 113621847 A CN113621847 A CN 113621847A CN 202110954793 A CN202110954793 A CN 202110954793A CN 113621847 A CN113621847 A CN 113621847A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- intermediate alloy
- alloy
- aluminum
- alterant
- silicon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of materials, in particular to an alterant, a preparation method thereof and a raw material composition for preparing the alterant. The raw material composition for preparing the alterant consists of Al-P intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy, metal material containing rare earth elements, Al-Be intermediate alloy, Al-B intermediate alloy, Al-Ti intermediate alloy and aluminum ingot; the optimal proportion of each element content, a special preparation process and a unique using method are combined, so that primary crystal silicon and eutectic silicon in a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy structure are refined simultaneously; so that primary silicon and eutectic silicon in the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy have the best dual-modification effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of materials, in particular to an alterant, a preparation method thereof and a raw material composition for preparing the alterant.
Background
Hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys are widely used in machined parts, such as engine pistons and cylinders; however, because coarse plate-shaped primary crystal silicon and coarse needle-shaped eutectic silicon exist in the microstructure, under the action of external force, local stress concentration is easily caused at the tip and the edge part of a silicon phase in the alloy, so that the mechanical property of the alloy is obviously reduced, the improvement of the shaping, strength and wear resistance of the alloy is particularly influenced, in addition, the hard and brittle coarse primary crystal silicon in the alloy is easy to accelerate the wear of a machining cutter, and the surface finish of a processed product is poor.
The morphology of coarse plate-shaped primary crystal silicon and coarse needle-shaped eutectic silicon in the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy microstructure can be refined through modification treatment (modification treatment refers to process operation for adding a small amount of modifier into metal liquid to obviously improve the coarse crystal structure and the performance of metal or alloy).
The metamorphism of the silicon phase in the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy comprises two parts, namely primary silicon and eutectic silicon, wherein the metamorphism agents for metamorphism of the two silicon phases are different; the primary silicon modification generally adopts phosphorus, sulfur, arsenic and the like, and the eutectic silicon modification generally adopts strontium, sodium, rare earth, antimony, barium and the like. At present, the transformation of the industry aiming at the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy fusion casting processThe modifier used for the quality treatment mainly takes phosphorus as a matrix, and specifically comprises the following components: red phosphorus, Al-P master alloy, Cu-P master alloy, Al-P-Cu master alloy, phosphorus salt (PNCl)2) Etc.;
for modification treatment of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy, modifier red phosphorus, Al-P intermediate alloy, Cu-P intermediate alloy, Al-P-Cu intermediate alloy, and phosphorus salt (PNCl)2、PCl5) And the like only have a refining effect on primary silicon but cannot have a refining effect on eutectic silicon.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a modifier, a method of preparing the same, and a raw material composition for preparing the modifier, which are intended to refine both primary silicon and eutectic silicon structures in hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys.
The application provides a raw material composition for preparing a modifier, which consists of an Al-P intermediate alloy, an Al-Sr intermediate alloy, a metal material containing rare earth elements, an Al-Be intermediate alloy, an Al-B intermediate alloy, an Al-Ti intermediate alloy and an aluminum ingot; the metal material containing the rare earth elements comprises the following components in percentage by mass (13-16): (8-10): lanthanum, cerium and erbium of (2-4); the lanthanum, cerium or erbium exists in the form of Al-Re intermediate alloy or Re ingot; the Re is La, Ce or Er;
wherein in the raw material composition, the mass percentages of the elements are as follows:
p4.48-6.52 wt%; 3.18 to 4.62 weight percent of Sr; the sum of the rare earth elements Re is 1.8-2.5 wt%; be 0.8-1.02 wt%; b0.1-0.3 wt%; 0.2 to 0.4 wt% of Ti; the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
The raw material composition consists of Al-P intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy, rare earth element Re, Al-Be intermediate alloy, Al-B intermediate alloy, Al-Ti intermediate alloy and aluminum ingot; the primary crystal silicon and eutectic silicon in the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy structure are refined simultaneously by optimally proportioning the content of each element; so that primary silicon and eutectic silicon in the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy have the best dual-modification effect.
In some embodiments of the present application, the rare earth element-containing metallic material contains, by mass, 15:9:3 lanthanum, cerium and erbium.
The application also provides a preparation method of the alterant, which comprises the following steps:
melting the raw material composition for preparing the alterant, refining, degassing, filtering, casting, rolling and taking up.
The application also provides a preparation method of the alterant, which comprises the following steps:
melting the aluminum ingot; controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 770 +/-10 ℃, then adding Al-P intermediate alloy and Al-Be intermediate alloy, and uniformly mixing; then controlling the temperature at 735 +/-10 ℃, adding Al-Sr intermediate alloy, metal material mixed with rare earth elements, Al-B intermediate alloy and Al-Ti intermediate alloy, and uniformly mixing;
and then refining, degassing, filtering, casting at 690-710 ℃, casting, rolling and taking up.
In some embodiments of the present application, the refining step comprises:
the temperature of the melt is 750 + -10 ℃, high-purity argon with the purity of more than 99.999 percent is used as a carrier, and a sodium-free particle refining agent is added into the melt for refining.
In some embodiments of the present application, a cast slab cast from a continuous caster is passed through a continuous rolling mill to form a rod shape.
In some embodiments of the present application, during continuous casting, the formed billet is rolled through a continuous rolling mill into a round wire rod having an outer diameter of 9mm to 10 mm.
In some embodiments of the present application, during continuous casting and rolling: the rolling temperature is 480-520 ℃, and the finishing temperature is less than or equal to 280 ℃.
The application also provides an alterant, and the alterant is prepared by the preparation method of the alterant.
The modification effect of the modifier on the components, the structure and the performance can be effectively improved through the component design proportion and the special preparation process of the raw materials of the modifier; the modification treatment of the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy achieves better effect, and the problem of coarseness of primary silicon and eutectic silicon can be simultaneously solved.
The application also provides a method for modifying hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy, which comprises the following steps: the modifier is added into molten aluminum in a launder on line.
The modifier and the unique online adding method thereof can further improve the modification treatment effect and can simultaneously refine primary silicon and eutectic silicon grains.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Figure 1 shows the gold phase diagram of the hypereutectic aluminum silicon alloy of example 7.
Figure 2 shows the gold phase diagram of the hypereutectic aluminum silicon alloy of example 16.
Figure 3 shows the gold phase diagram of the hypereutectic aluminum silicon alloy of example 13.
Fig. 4 shows the gold phase diagram of the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy of comparative example 3.
Fig. 5 shows a gold phase diagram of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy of comparative example 19.
FIG. 6 shows a gold phase diagram for an A390 aluminum alloy that has not undergone deterioration.
FIG. 7 shows a gold phase diagram of an A390 aluminum alloy after being subjected to the above-described deterioration method.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The following will specifically describe the modifying agent of the examples of the present application, a method for producing the same, and a raw material composition for producing the modifying agent.
A raw material composition for preparing a modifier comprises an Al-P intermediate alloy, an Al-Sr intermediate alloy, a metal material containing rare earth elements, an Al-Be intermediate alloy, an Al-B intermediate alloy, an Al-Ti intermediate alloy and an aluminum ingot; the metal material containing the rare earth elements comprises the following components in percentage by mass (13-16): (8-10): lanthanum, cerium and erbium of (2-4); the lanthanum, cerium or erbium exists in the form of Al-Re intermediate alloy or Re ingot; the Re is La, Ce or Er;
wherein, in the raw material composition, the mass percentages of the elements are as follows:
p4.48-6.52 wt%; 3.18 to 4.62 weight percent of Sr; the sum of the rare earth elements Re is 1.8-2.5 wt%; be 0.8-1.02 wt%; b0.1-0.3 wt%; 0.2 to 0.4 wt% of Ti; the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
The raw material composition for preparing the alterant consists of Al-P intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy, rare earth element Re, Al-Be intermediate alloy, Al-B intermediate alloy, Al-Ti intermediate alloy and aluminum ingot.
The mass percentage of P (phosphorus) in the raw material composition is 4.48 to 6.52 wt%, and may be, for example, 4.48 wt%, 4.6 wt%, 4.8 wt%, 5.0 wt%, 5.1 wt%, 5.3 wt%, 5.6 wt%, 5.9 wt%, 6.3 wt%, 6.4 wt%, 6.52 wt%, or the like.
P (phosphorus) is present in the raw material composition in the form of an Al-P master alloy, and illustratively, the mass content of P in the Al-P master alloy is 3%;
the Sr (strontium) content in the raw material composition is 3.18 to 4.62 wt%, and may be, for example, 3.18 wt%, 3.4 wt%, 3.7 wt%, 3.9 wt%, 4.1 wt%, 4.4 wt%, 4.62 wt%, or the like.
Sr (strontium) is present in the raw material composition as an Al — Sr master alloy. Illustratively, the mass content of Sr in the Al-Sr intermediate alloy is 10 percent;
the rare earth element Re is prepared from (13-16) by mass: (8-10): and (2-4) lanthanum, cerium and erbium.
Re is a rare earth element; the rare earth element Re is prepared from (13-16) by mass: (8-10): (2-4) lanthanum, cerium and erbium; for example, the mass ratio of lanthanum, cerium and erbium may be 13: 8: 2. 13:9:2, 13:10:4, 14:9:3, 14:9:4, 15:9:3, 15: 8:2, 16:10:4, and so forth. Re is present in the feedstock composition as an aluminum rare earth master alloy or as a pure rare earth ingot.
The mass percentage of the rare earth element Re in the raw material composition is 1.8-2.5 wt%; for example, it may be 1.8 wt%, 1.9 wt%, 2.0 wt%, 2.1 wt%, 2.2 wt%, 2.3 wt%, 2.4 wt%, 2.5 wt%, etc.
The rare earth element Re can exist in two forms, one is an intermediate alloy mode, the rare earth element-containing metal materials are Al-La intermediate alloy, Al-Ce intermediate alloy and Al-Er intermediate alloy, and the mass ratio of La (lanthanum), Ce (cerium) and Er (erbium) is (13-16): (8-10): (2-4).
One mode is a lanthanum ingot, a cerium ingot and an erbium ingot, and the mass ratio of the lanthanum ingot to the cerium ingot to the erbium ingot is (13-16): (8-10): (2-4).
In other words, in the raw material composition, Re may be present as an Al — Re master alloy, or an Re ingot; the Re is La, Ce or Er.
The mass percentage of Be (beryllium) in the raw material composition is 0.8-1.0 wt%; for example, it may be 0.8 wt%, 0.82 wt%, 0.86 wt%, 0.9 wt%, 0.93 wt%, 0.94 wt%, 0.96 wt%, 0.98 wt%, 1.0 wt%, etc.
Be (beryllium) is present in the starting composition as an Al-Be master alloy. Illustratively, the mass content of Be in the Al-Be master alloy is 4%;
the mass percentage of B (boron) in the raw material composition is 0.1-0.3 wt%; for example, it may be 0.1 wt%, 0.12 wt%, 0.15 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.23 wt%, 0.25 wt%, 0.28 wt%, 0.29 wt%, 0.3 wt%, etc.
B (boron) is present in the raw material composition as an Al-B master alloy. Illustratively, the mass content of B in the Al-B master alloy is 3%.
The mass percentage of Ti (titanium) in the raw material composition is 0.2-0.4 wt%; for example, it may be 0.2 wt%, 0.23 wt%, 0.25 wt%, 0.27 wt%, 0.29 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.33 wt%, 0.37 wt%, 0.39 wt%, 0.4 wt%, etc.
Ti (titanium) is present in the raw material composition in the form of an Al — Ti master alloy. Illustratively, the mass content of Ti in the Al — Ti master alloy is 5%.
The remaining element is Al (aluminum), aluminum is present in the raw material composition as an aluminum ingot, and each intermediate alloy also contains Al (aluminum).
The raw material composition for producing the modifying agent contains inevitable impurities in addition to the above-described elements, and for example, in some examples, the aluminum ingot used is an industrial aluminum ingot (purity 99.7%) containing inevitable impurities.
The Al-Sr intermediate alloy is used as an effective alterant for eutectic silicon, has the advantages of good alteration effect and long effective alteration period, but can absorb a large amount of air in the alteration process, so that a large amount of air holes or looseness exist in the alloy structure; the phosphorus-containing alterant has suitable modification temperature and modification time, if the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the heat preservation furnace is too high or too low, the modification effect is greatly influenced, and if the time for placing the aluminum liquid in the heat preservation furnace is too long, the modification effect is poor, and the like.
In some embodiments of the present application, the feedstock composition consists of an Al-P master alloy, an Al-Sr master alloy, a rare earth element Re, an Al-Be master alloy, an Al-B master alloy, an Al-Ti master alloy, and an aluminum ingot; the content of each element is optimally proportioned to achieve the simultaneous refinement of primary crystal silicon and eutectic silicon in the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy structure; so that primary silicon and eutectic silicon in the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy have the best dual-modification effect.
The application also provides a modifier, which consists of the following elements in percentage by mass:
p4.48-6.52 wt%; 3.18 to 4.62 weight percent of Sr; rare earth element Re 1.8-2.5 wt%; be 0.8-1.02 wt%; b0.1-0.3 wt%; 0.2 to 0.4 wt% of Ti; the balance of Al and inevitable impurities;
the rare earth element Re is (13-16): (8-10): lanthanum, cerium and erbium (2-4).
Correspondingly, the alterant composed of the elements by mass percentage has refining effect on primary crystal silicon and eutectic silicon of the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy.
The application also provides a preparation method of the alterant, which comprises the following steps: melting the raw material composition for preparing the alterant, refining, degassing, filtering, casting, rolling and taking up.
The embodiment of the application does not limit equipment for preparing the alterant, for example, smelting in a smelting furnace, then refining in a heat-insulating furnace, degassing through an online degassing device, and filtering through a plate-type filter box; and then conveying the steel plate to a continuous casting machine for casting blanks, rolling the blanks in a continuous rolling mill after the casting blanks are finished, and then taking up the blanks in a take-up machine.
For example, in some embodiments herein, melting the above-described raw material composition for preparing the inoculant includes melting an aluminum ingot; controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 770 +/-10 ℃, then adding Al-P intermediate alloy and Al-Be intermediate alloy, and uniformly mixing; then controlling the temperature at 735 +/-10 ℃, adding Al-Sr intermediate alloy, mixed rare earth elements Re, Al-B intermediate alloy and Al-Ti intermediate alloy, and uniformly mixing.
Illustratively, the method of preparing the inoculant comprises:
firstly, putting an aluminum ingot with the purity of 99.7 percent into an aluminum melting furnace for melting, and after the melting is finished, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 780-800 ℃.
Transferring the molten aluminum to a holding furnace, controlling the temperature of the molten aluminum in the holding furnace to 770 +/-10 ℃, firstly adding Al-P intermediate alloy and Al-Be intermediate alloy into the molten aluminum, and after the molten aluminum is completely molten, electromagnetically stirring for 20-40min to fully and uniformly mix the molten aluminum; then controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 735 +/-10 ℃, adding Al-Sr intermediate alloy, mixed rare earth elements, Al-B intermediate alloy and Al-Ti intermediate alloy into the aluminum liquid, and electromagnetically stirring for 20-40min to ensure that the components of the aluminum liquid are fully and uniformly distributed.
Raising the temperature of the aluminum liquid and keeping the temperature to 750 +/-10 ℃, using high-purity argon with the purity of 99.999 percent or more as a carrier, and flushing a sodium-free particle refining agent into the melt in the heat preservation furnace for refining operation to purify the melt.
Standing the refined aluminum alloy liquid for 20-30min, and then removing the surface scum;
controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace to be 740 +/-10 ℃, preparing for casting, discharging the aluminum alloy liquid from the heat preservation furnace, entering an online degassing device and a filtering device through a launder, carrying out external refining and filtering, and carrying out degassing and deslagging again.
And horizontally and continuously casting the clean aluminum alloy liquid, controlling the casting temperature to be 690-710 ℃, and obtaining a continuous casting blank after casting.
Straightening and induction heating the continuous casting blank to keep the rolling temperature of the continuous casting blank at 480-520 ℃, adjusting the rolling process and controlling the final rolling temperature of the aluminum alloy rod to be less than or equal to 280 ℃.
And opening a cooling water system on the take-up pipe, rapidly cooling the rolled aluminum alloy rod, and controlling the surface temperature of the aluminum rod to be less than or equal to 80 ℃.
Before the aluminum alloy rod enters the wire-coiling frame, the water on the surface of the aluminum alloy rod is dried by a high-power fan, so that the aluminum alloy rod is ensured to be dry and clean.
And (4) orderly putting the aluminum alloy rods into a wire-collecting frame, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
It should be noted that in other embodiments of the present application, other process parameters may be used in the refining, descumming, degassing, filtering, casting, continuous rolling, etc.
In the application, molten aluminum is cast into a casting blank with a trapezoidal section by a continuous casting machine, and then the casting blank is rolled into a wire rod shape by a continuous rolling machine, for example, the molten aluminum is cast and rolled to form a round wire rod with an outer diameter of 9mm-10mm (for example, 9mm, 9.5mm, 10 mm).
The alterant is prepared into a rod shape, such as a round wire rod shape, and is added in an online wire feeding mode into molten aluminum in a launder in the process of preparing the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy by using the alterant, so that the alterant has the advantages of stable modification temperature, short modification effective time and stability, and can stably achieve the optimal modification effect.
The application also provides an alterant, which is prepared by the preparation method of the alterant.
The alterant provided by the application has at least the following advantages:
the modification effect of the modifier on the components, the structure and the performance is effectively improved through the component design proportion and the special preparation process of the raw materials of the modifier; the modification treatment of the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy achieves better effect, and the problem of coarseness of primary silicon and eutectic silicon can be simultaneously solved.
Taking A390 alloy as an example, the tensile strength and the elongation of the alloy after being modified by the modifier are respectively improved by 25 percent and 120 percent compared with those of the alloy without modification. The machinability is improved after the modification treatment. The durability of the modified cutter is 2 times of that of the cutter before modification, the average friction force is reduced by 10 percent than that before modification, the weight loss is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the modification is proved to improve the cutting processability of the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy.
Accordingly, the process provided herein can result in an inoculant having the above-described properties.
The application also provides a method for modifying hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy, which comprises the following steps: the modifier is added into molten aluminum in a launder on line.
By adding the alterant on line, the timeliness of the effect of the alterant is ensured, and the problem of coarseness of primary crystal silicon and eutectic silicon is effectively solved.
Table 1 shows properties of primary silicon and eutectic silicon obtained by different treatment methods of the same modifier provided in the examples of the present application. In table 1, the on-line modification refers to adding modifier into the molten aluminum in the launder on line.
TABLE 1
| When not going bad | After the modification treatment in the furnace | After on-line modification | |
| Size of primary crystal silicon | 120-280μm | 50-90μm | Less than 20 μm |
| Eutectic silicon shapes | Thick needle shape | Fibrous form | Granular form |
Table 1 shows that the modifier provided by the present application has a better modification effect in terms of composition, structure and performance during the process of preparing hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy; the silicon phase structure can be further refined by adding the wire rods on line.
The features and properties of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Examples 1 to 20, comparative examples 1 to 19
Examples 1-20, comparative examples 1-19 each provide an inoculant, obtained essentially by the following steps:
the material preparation step: preparing raw material compositions according to the mixture ratio shown in the table 2; the raw material composition comprises lanthanum ingots, cerium ingots, bait ingots, Al-P intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy, Al-Be intermediate alloy, Al-B intermediate alloy, Al-Ti intermediate alloy and aluminum ingots, wherein in the following table 2, the rare earth element Re is a rare earth element Re with the mass ratio of 15:9:3 of lanthanum ingot, cerium ingot and bait ingot.
The mass content of P in the Al-P intermediate alloy is 3 percent; the mass content of Sr in the Al-Sr intermediate alloy is 10 percent; the mass content of Be in the Al-Be intermediate alloy is 4 percent; the mass content of B in the Al-B intermediate alloy is 3 percent; the mass content of Ti in the Al-Ti intermediate alloy is 5 percent; the aluminum ingot is industrial aluminum ingot (purity 99.7%).
The preparation method of the alterant comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, putting an aluminum ingot into an aluminum melting furnace for melting, and after the melting is finished, controlling the temperature of aluminum liquid at 780-800 ℃;
step two: transferring the molten aluminum to a holding furnace, controlling the temperature of the molten aluminum in the holding furnace to 770 +/-10 ℃, firstly adding Al-P intermediate alloy and Al-Be intermediate alloy into the molten aluminum, and after the molten aluminum is completely molten, electromagnetically stirring for 30min to fully and uniformly mix the molten aluminum; then controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 735 +/-10 ℃, adding Al-Sr intermediate alloy, mixed rare earth elements, Al-B intermediate alloy and Al-Ti intermediate alloy into the aluminum liquid, and electromagnetically stirring for 20 minutes to ensure that the components of the aluminum liquid are fully and uniformly distributed;
step three, increasing the temperature of the aluminum liquid and keeping the temperature to 750 +/-10 ℃, using high-purity argon with the purity of 99.999 percent or more as a carrier, and flushing a sodium-free particle refining agent into the melt in the heat preservation furnace for refining operation to purify the melt;
step four, standing the aluminum alloy liquid treated in the step three for 20min, and then removing the surface scum;
step five, controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace to be 740 +/-10 ℃, preparing for casting, enabling the aluminum alloy liquid to flow out of the heat preservation furnace, enter an online degassing device and a filtering device through a launder, carrying out external refining and filtering, and carrying out degassing and deslagging again;
step six, carrying out horizontal continuous casting on the clean aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the step five, controlling the casting temperature to be 690-710 ℃, and obtaining a continuous casting blank after casting;
seventhly, straightening and induction heating the continuous casting blank prepared in the sixth step, keeping the rolling temperature of the continuous casting blank at 480-520 ℃, adjusting the rolling process, and controlling the final rolling temperature of the aluminum alloy rod to be less than or equal to 280 ℃;
step eight, opening a cooling water system on the take-up pipe, carrying out rapid cooling treatment on the rolled aluminum alloy rod, and controlling the surface temperature of the aluminum rod to be less than or equal to 80 ℃;
and step nine, before the aluminum alloy rod enters the wire coiling frame, drying water on the surface of the aluminum alloy rod by using a high-power fan, and ensuring the drying and cleaning of the aluminum alloy rod.
Step ten, orderly putting the aluminum alloy rods into a wire-collecting frame, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
Experimental example 1
In the process of preparing AlSi20, the alterant provided in examples 1-20 and comparative examples 1-19 was used for modification, and in this example, the method of in-furnace modification was used. The deterioration effect is shown in Table 2.
In table 2:
the evaluation criteria of the superior grade are that the shape of primary crystal silicon is quadrilateral, the average size is 10-50 mu m, and the eutectic crystal is granular and mixed with short needles.
The evaluation criteria of "primary crystal silicon is quadrilateral or polygonal block shape with average size of 15-50 μm" and "eutectic crystal is in short needle shape and granular shape or granular shape and short needle shape.
The evaluation criteria were set to "primary crystal silicon in the shape of polygonal block or quadrilateral and the average size of 20-50 μm" and "eutectic crystal in the shape of short needles or a mixture of short and long needles".
The evaluation standard of the difference level is 'the average size of primary crystal silicon is 30-300 μm'.
TABLE 2
FIG. 1 shows the gold phase diagram of the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy of example 7, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the primary silicon is substantially in the shape of a quadrilateral block with an average size in the range of 10-50 μm; the eutectic silicon is mixed in a granular shape and a short needle shape.
FIG. 2 shows the metallographic picture of a hypereutectic Al-Si alloy according to example 16, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the primary silicon has a substantially quadrangular block shape with an average size of 15-50 μm; eutectic silicon is in a short needle shape and is mixed with particles;
FIG. 3 shows a gold phase diagram of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy of example 13, and it can be seen from FIG. 3 that primary silicon is substantially polygonal block-shaped in shape and has an average size of 20 to 50 μm; the eutectic silicon is in a short needle shape;
FIG. 4 shows a gold phase diagram of the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy of comparative example 3, and it can be seen from FIG. 4 that the primary silicon is substantially in the form of a five-star petal or polygonal block having a size in the range of 100 to 200 μm; the eutectic silicon is in a thick long needle shape;
FIG. 5 shows a diagram of the gold phase of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy of comparative example 19, and it can be seen from FIG. 5 that primary silicon is substantially in the form of polygonal blocks with dimensions in the range of 50-150 μm; the eutectic silicon is mixed in a long needle shape and a short needle shape.
As can be seen from table 2: the comprehensive evaluation of the modification effect of primary crystal silicon and eutectic silicon in the structure of the hypereutectic Al-Si20 aluminum-silicon alloy provided by the embodiment of the application can reach three grades of 'excellent', 'good' and 'middle', and the modification effect of the primary crystal silicon and the eutectic silicon in the structure of the hypereutectic Al-Si20 aluminum-silicon alloy is comprehensively evaluated as 'poor' by the composite modifier component not meeting the component, so that the component has excellent performance as the modifier of the application.
Experimental example 2
In the process of preparing A390 aluminum alloy, the modifier provided in example 7 is used for modifying, and in the experimental example, the modification method is as follows: adding the screw rod-shaped composite modifier provided in the embodiment 7 into the launder aluminum liquid through a wire feeder; the adding position is behind the online filter box and in front of the casting machine; the temperature of the aluminum liquid at the point of addition is 730 ℃ and 740 ℃.
Fig. 6 shows a gold phase diagram of a-390 aluminum alloy that has not been subjected to deterioration, and fig. 7 shows a gold phase diagram of a-390 aluminum alloy that has been subjected to deterioration by the above-described deterioration method.
As can be seen from FIG. 7, the eutectic silicon of the A390 aluminum alloy obtained by the method of adding the lead screw-shaped composite alterant shown in example 7 into the launder aluminum liquid through the wire feeder for alteration is granular; simultaneously, the primary silicon and the eutectic silicon are effectively refined.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A raw material composition for preparing a modificator is characterized by consisting of an Al-P intermediate alloy, an Al-Sr intermediate alloy, a metal material containing rare earth elements, an Al-Be intermediate alloy, an Al-B intermediate alloy, an Al-Ti intermediate alloy and an aluminum ingot; the metal material containing the rare earth elements comprises the following components in percentage by mass (13-16): (8-10): (2-4) lanthanum, cerium and erbium, wherein the lanthanum, cerium or erbium exists in the form of Al-Re intermediate alloy or Re ingot, and Re is La, Ce or Er;
wherein in the raw material composition, the mass percentages of the elements are as follows:
p4.48-6.52 wt%; 3.18 to 4.62 weight percent of Sr; the sum of the rare earth elements Re is 1.8-2.5 wt%; be 0.8-1.02 wt%; b0.1-0.3 wt%; 0.2 to 0.4 wt% of Ti; the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
2. The raw material composition for producing an alterant according to claim 1, wherein the rare earth element-containing metallic material contains, by mass, 15:9:3 lanthanum, cerium and erbium.
3. A method for preparing an alterant is characterized by comprising the following steps:
melting, refining, degassing, filtering, casting, rolling, taking up the raw material composition for the preparation of a modificator according to claim 1 or 2.
4. A method for producing an alterant using the raw material composition for producing an alterant according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:
melting an aluminum ingot, controlling the temperature of aluminum liquid to Be 770 +/-10 ℃, then adding Al-P intermediate alloy and Al-Be intermediate alloy, and uniformly mixing; then controlling the temperature at 735 +/-10 ℃, adding Al-Sr intermediate alloy, mixed metal material containing rare earth elements, Al-B intermediate alloy and Al-Ti intermediate alloy, and uniformly mixing;
and then refining, degassing, filtering, casting at 690-710 ℃, casting, rolling and taking up.
5. A method for the preparation of a modificator according to claim 4, characterized in that the refining step comprises:
the temperature of the melt is 750 + -10 ℃, argon with the purity of more than 99.999 percent is used as a carrier, and sodium-free refining agent is added into the melt for refining.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the strand cast from the continuous casting machine is formed into a wire rod shape by a continuous rolling mill.
7. Process for the preparation of a modificator according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that during said rolling: the rolling temperature is 480-520 ℃, and the finishing temperature is less than or equal to 280 ℃.
8. An inoculant product produced by the process of any one of claims 3 to 7.
9. The alterant is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by mass:
p4.48-6.52 wt%; 3.18 to 4.62 weight percent of Sr; rare earth element Re 1.8-2.5 wt%; be 0.8-1.02 wt%; b0.1-0.3 wt%; 0.2 to 0.4 wt% of Ti; the balance of Al and inevitable impurities;
the rare earth element Re is prepared from (13-16) by mass: (8-10): lanthanum, cerium and erbium (2-4).
10. A method for modification treatment of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps: the modifier according to claim 8 or 9 is added to the laundered aluminium liquid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110954793.0A CN113621847B (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Alterant, preparation method thereof and raw material composition for preparing alterant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110954793.0A CN113621847B (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Alterant, preparation method thereof and raw material composition for preparing alterant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113621847A true CN113621847A (en) | 2021-11-09 |
| CN113621847B CN113621847B (en) | 2022-07-29 |
Family
ID=78386671
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110954793.0A Active CN113621847B (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Alterant, preparation method thereof and raw material composition for preparing alterant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113621847B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114252466A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-29 | 昆山晶微新材料研究院有限公司 | Quantitative analysis method of solid solubility in alloy crystal and comparison method of alloying element content in alloy |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102925765A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-02-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Aluminum-phosphorus-strontium-rare earth alloy alterant and preparation technology thereof |
| CN103740958A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-23 | 佛山市深达美特种铝合金有限公司 | 4032 aluminum alloy and modification method thereof |
| CN106244832A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2016-12-21 | 江苏亨通电力特种导线有限公司 | Manufacturing process for high intensity alusil alloy round bar |
| KR20180056029A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-28 | 쑨 후앙 | Metal sheets spot welding with inoculation agents |
| CN108130444A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-06-08 | 包头稀土研究院 | The preparation method of Al-Ti-B-RE Grain Refiner |
| CN109778019A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-21 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy composite modifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN111485130A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-04 | 江苏华企铝业科技股份有限公司 | Al-RE-Y alloy refiner and continuous casting and rolling preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-08-19 CN CN202110954793.0A patent/CN113621847B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102925765A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-02-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Aluminum-phosphorus-strontium-rare earth alloy alterant and preparation technology thereof |
| CN103740958A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-23 | 佛山市深达美特种铝合金有限公司 | 4032 aluminum alloy and modification method thereof |
| CN106244832A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2016-12-21 | 江苏亨通电力特种导线有限公司 | Manufacturing process for high intensity alusil alloy round bar |
| KR20180056029A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-28 | 쑨 후앙 | Metal sheets spot welding with inoculation agents |
| CN108130444A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-06-08 | 包头稀土研究院 | The preparation method of Al-Ti-B-RE Grain Refiner |
| CN109778019A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-21 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy composite modifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN111485130A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-04 | 江苏华企铝业科技股份有限公司 | Al-RE-Y alloy refiner and continuous casting and rolling preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘锦方: "《结构材料学》", 29 February 2008, 哈尔滨工业大学出版社 * |
| 潘增源编: "《低压铸造 》", 31 December 1974, 机械工业出版社 * |
| 赵延阔等: "不同变质剂对4032铝合金变质效果的影响", 《中南大学学报(自然科学版)》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114252466A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-29 | 昆山晶微新材料研究院有限公司 | Quantitative analysis method of solid solubility in alloy crystal and comparison method of alloying element content in alloy |
| CN114252466B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2024-01-12 | 昆山晶微新材料研究院有限公司 | Quantitative analysis method and comparison method for intra-crystal solid solubility of alloy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113621847B (en) | 2022-07-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109972009B (en) | High-toughness high-modulus wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109881062B (en) | High-strength, high-toughness and high-modulus extrusion casting magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| NO143166B (en) | PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING DISPERSION-STRENGTHED ALUMINUM ALLOY PRODUCTS | |
| CN108823440B (en) | Preparation method and application of hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy plate blank | |
| JP2010528187A (en) | Aluminum alloy formulations for reducing hot cracking susceptibility | |
| JP2010018875A (en) | High strength aluminum alloy, method for producing high strength aluminum alloy casting, and method for producing high strength aluminum alloy member | |
| CN109487107B (en) | Composite modifier for cast aluminum alloy with iron-rich phase modification and modification method thereof | |
| CN101876018A (en) | High-strength casting aluminium-silicon alloy for piston and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114277272A (en) | Composite rare earth alloy for modifying aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107604219A (en) | A kind of formula and its production technology of high strength alumin ium alloy body part | |
| CN111187951A (en) | Aluminum-magnesium-scandium-zirconium-titanium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113621847B (en) | Alterant, preparation method thereof and raw material composition for preparing alterant | |
| CN115961186A (en) | Die-casting aluminum alloy material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| JP3548709B2 (en) | Method for producing semi-solid billet of Al alloy for transportation equipment | |
| CN109234588A (en) | A kind of high strength easy-to-cut aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof of environmental protection | |
| CN109852856B (en) | High-strength, high-toughness and high-modulus metal mold gravity casting magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| JPH07197165A (en) | High wear resistant free cutting aluminum alloy and its production | |
| CN112575215B (en) | High-toughness aluminum alloy material for new energy automobile and method | |
| Dang et al. | Effects of rare-earth element addition and heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-25% Si alloy | |
| CN114250387B (en) | Aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| JP2011162883A (en) | High-strength aluminum alloy, method of manufacturing high-strength aluminum alloy casting, and method of manufacturing high-strength aluminum alloy member | |
| CN115449683A (en) | Magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112176232A (en) | High-thermal-conductivity aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| JPH083701A (en) | Production of wear resistant aluminum alloy extruded material excellent in strength and machinability | |
| CN111893354A (en) | Al-Si-Cu-Mg wrought aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |