CN113621819A - 从低冰镍转炉渣中提取有价金属的方法 - Google Patents
从低冰镍转炉渣中提取有价金属的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113621819A CN113621819A CN202110823724.6A CN202110823724A CN113621819A CN 113621819 A CN113621819 A CN 113621819A CN 202110823724 A CN202110823724 A CN 202110823724A CN 113621819 A CN113621819 A CN 113621819A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- cobalt
- converter slag
- iron
- carrying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021503 Cobalt(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021446 cobalt carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Co+2] ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 27
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QUXFOKCUIZCKGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)CP(O)(=O)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C QUXFOKCUIZCKGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002518 CoFe2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910016516 CuFe2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003264 NiFe2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YAIQCYZCSGLAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si+4].[O-2].[Al+3] Chemical compound [Si+4].[O-2].[Al+3] YAIQCYZCSGLAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- NQNBVCBUOCNRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel ferrite Chemical compound [Ni]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NQNBVCBUOCNRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGHCWPXPAHSSNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel subsulfide Chemical compound [Ni].[Ni]=S.[Ni]=S YGHCWPXPAHSSNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052954 pentlandite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G3/00—Compounds of copper
- C01G3/12—Sulfides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/06—Ferric oxide [Fe2O3]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/30—Sulfides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/10—Sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
- C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0054—Slag, slime, speiss, or dross treating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
- C22B15/0071—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/008—Leaching or slurrying with non-acid solutions containing salts of alkali or alkaline earth metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0084—Treating solutions
- C22B15/0089—Treating solutions by chemical methods
- C22B15/0093—Treating solutions by chemical methods by gases, e.g. hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/005—Preliminary treatment of ores, e.g. by roasting or by the Krupp-Renn process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
- C22B23/043—Sulfurated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0446—Leaching processes with an ammoniacal liquor or with a hydroxide of an alkali or alkaline-earth metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0453—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B23/0461—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0476—Separation of nickel from cobalt
- C22B23/0484—Separation of nickel from cobalt in acidic type solutions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/38—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C22B3/384—Pentavalent phosphorus oxyacids, esters thereof
- C22B3/3842—Phosphinic acid, e.g. H2P(O)(OH)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/38—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C22B3/384—Pentavalent phosphorus oxyacids, esters thereof
- C22B3/3844—Phosphonic acid, e.g. H2P(O)(OH)2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/38—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C22B3/384—Pentavalent phosphorus oxyacids, esters thereof
- C22B3/3846—Phosphoric acid, e.g. (O)P(OH)3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种从低冰镍转炉渣中提取有价金属的方法,该方法先将低冰镍转炉渣与生石灰混合后进行焙烧,得到焙烧料,再将焙烧料进行研磨和磁选,得到硅酸盐和富铁矿渣,向富铁矿渣中加入强碱溶液进行浸泡处理,固液分离得到滤液和滤渣,将滤渣与酸液混合进行氧压酸浸,固液分离得到浸出液和铁红,向浸出液中通入硫化氢气体,并调节pH,固液分离得到硫化铜沉淀和含镍钴滤液。本发明首先通过焙烧除去二氧化硅制备硅酸盐,再通过酸浸制备铁红,最后将浸出液进行金属分离,使转炉渣中各种成分做到了物尽其用。本发明工艺流程短,使低冰镍转炉渣每一种成分都得到了有效利用,变废为宝,降低了有价金属元素的损失。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于冶金技术领域,具体涉及一种从低冰镍转炉渣中提取有价金属的方法。
背景技术
低冰镍是传统火法冶炼工艺中造锍熔炼的中间产物,低冰镍中主要组成物相为一些硫化物及其硫化物固溶体,如Ni3S2、Cu2S、(Fe,Ni)9S8等,是一种成分较为复杂的物质。
传统镍生产过程中,首先将镍精矿经干燥造锍熔炼,产出低冰镍,因造锍熔炼获得的低镍锍在成分上不足以满足精炼工序的处理要求,需要将其进一步吹炼成高镍锍,除去铁和部分硫,需要将其中的铁吹至小于4%,得到含铜和镍约70%左右的高冰镍,高冰镍再经磨浮分选得到二次镍精矿、二次铜精矿和一次合金,分别作为镍、铜和贵金属生产的原料。
在低冰镍吹炼成高冰镍的过程中,转炉温度需要达到1200-1300℃,吹炼时间长达8-10h,大部分Co及部分Ni和Cu会伴随铁一起氧化造渣形成转炉渣,造成资源的浪费。
为了回收其中的钴及其它有价金属,传统硫化矿的火法造锍工艺中,低冰镍转炉吹炼成高冰镍时,转炉渣回收通常有两种方法:一种是将得到的转炉渣将继续进贫化电炉,反复冶炼,使有价金属富集于高冰镍中,在镍电解精炼过程中,与镍一起进入阳极液,但是,将有价金属中的钴富集于高冰镍,其钴的损失达50%左右,且整个过程造成物料反复循环、能量反复消耗,环境污染严重。另一种是将转炉渣还原熔炼或还原硫化熔炼,得到钴冰铜或钴合金,再单独进行湿法处理,该方法参数复杂,反应温度高,能耗大。
因此,亟需一种从低冰镍转炉渣中提取有价金属的方法,以提取转炉渣中的有价金属元素,提高资源的利用率。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决上述现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种从低冰镍转炉渣中提取有价金属的方法,该方法首先通过焙烧除去二氧化硅制备硅酸盐,再通过酸浸制备铁红,最后将浸出液进行金属分离,使转炉渣中各种成分做到了物尽其用。
根据本发明的一个方面,提出了一种从低冰镍转炉渣中提取有价金属的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:将低冰镍转炉渣与生石灰混合后进行焙烧,得到焙烧料;
S2:将所述焙烧料进行研磨和磁选,得到硅酸盐和富铁矿渣;
S3:向所述富铁矿渣中加入强碱溶液进行浸泡处理,固液分离得到滤液和滤渣;
S4:将所述滤渣与酸液混合进行氧压酸浸,固液分离得到浸出液和铁红;
S5:向所述浸出液中通入硫化氢气体,并调节pH,固液分离得到硫化铜沉淀和含镍钴滤液。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,步骤S1中,所述生石灰与所述低冰镍转炉渣的质量比为(0.1-0.3):1。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,步骤S1中,所述焙烧的温度为800-1350℃;优选的,所述焙烧的时间为0.5-2.0h。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,步骤S2中,所述研磨后焙烧料的粒度≤100μm;优选的,所述磁选的磁场强度为500-1500GS。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,步骤S2中,所述硅酸盐可用于制水泥。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,步骤S3中,所述强碱溶液的浓度为0.1-4.0mol/L;优选的,所述浸泡的时间为0.5-3.0h。使用强碱溶液进一步溶解其中的硅酸盐化合物以及铝等,便于下一步的酸浸,提高氧压酸浸的浸出率。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,步骤S3中,所述滤液可补充强碱溶液后继续循环使用,也可进行提铝后制备水玻璃。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,步骤S3中,所述强碱溶液为氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾中的一种或两种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,步骤S4中,所述滤渣与所述酸液的固液比为1g:(0.5-5)mL。优选的,所述酸液为硫酸。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,步骤S4中,所述氧压酸浸的氧分压为350-700kPa,温度为160-225℃,pH为2.0-3.0。保证反应速率,还进一步抑制溶液中三价铁离子的出现,铁以氧化铁的形式存在,大大节省了酸液的使用量。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,步骤S5中,所述pH为0-2.0。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,步骤S5中,所述调节pH的调节剂为硫酸、氢氧化镍、碳酸镍、氢氧化钴或碳酸钴中的一种或多种。避免了其它杂质离子的引入。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,步骤S5中,所述含镍钴滤液还进行萃取和反萃取的工序:向所述含镍钴滤液中加入萃取剂,分离得到含镍萃取有机相和含钴萃余液,用硫酸溶液从含镍萃取有机相中反萃取镍,得到硫酸镍溶液。萃取和反萃取能够将镍钴进一步分离。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述萃取剂选自P204、P507、DEHPA或Cyanex272中的一种或几种。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述硫酸溶液的浓度为3-5mol/L。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,反萃取后得到的萃取有机相可重新皂化循环利用。
根据本发明的一种优选的实施方式,至少具有以下有益效果:
本发明首先通过焙烧除去二氧化硅制备硅酸盐,再通过酸浸制备铁红,最后将浸出液进行金属分离,使转炉渣中各种成分做到了物尽其用。在氧化焙烧过程中,使低冰镍转炉渣中大量的FeSiO3转化为CaO SiO2、2CaO SiO2、3CaO SiO2和具备磁性的Fe3O4,同时使低冰镍转炉渣中的硫固定至生石灰中,铝镁等杂质也转化为MgO SiO2和3CaO Al2O3,而其中的镍钴铜转化为铁酸盐;经磁选分离后,硅酸盐可送去制水泥,而富铁矿渣主要由Fe3O4、NiFe2O4、CoFe2O4、CuFe2O4、FeO和少量的硅铝氧化物组成;为进一步提高后续的酸浸出率,采用强碱溶液去除硅铝杂质,使其他元素裸露更利于浸出;在氧压酸浸过程中,通过控制温度和pH,保证反应速率,还进一步抑制溶液中三价铁离子的出现,铁将以氧化铁的形式存在,大大节省了酸液的使用量,反应过程中,镍、铜、钴等溶解在溶液中,铁以氧化铁的形式成为固体铁红;在金属分离过程中,通入硫化氢气体,使铜离子以硫化铜的形式沉淀分离,而镍钴离子仍保留在溶液中。本发明工艺流程短,使低冰镍转炉渣每一种成分都得到了有效利用,变废为宝,降低了有价金属元素的损失。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,其中:
图1为本发明实施例1的工艺流程示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明的构思及产生的技术效果进行清楚、完整地描述,以充分地理解本发明的目的、特征和效果。显然,所描述的实施例只是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,基于本发明的实施例,本领域的技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其他实施例,均属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种从低冰镍转炉渣中提取有价金属的方法,低冰镍转炉渣的主要成份:镍1.38%、钴0.65%、铜0.78%、铁51.29%、硅27.88%,参照图1,通过如下步骤提取分离有价金属:
(1)氧化焙烧:将低冰镍吹炼高冰镍产生的转炉渣与生石灰混合后在空气中焙烧,控制生石灰与转炉渣的质量比为0.3:1,焙烧温度1350℃,焙烧时间为0.5h;
(2)磁选分离:将步骤(1)得到的焙烧料研磨至粒度≤100μm后,用磁场强度为500GS进行磁选分离,得到硅酸盐和富铁矿渣,分离得到的硅酸盐可用于制水泥;
(3)碱浸处理:向步骤(2)分离得到的富铁矿渣中加入浓度为0.1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液,浸泡3.0h;
(4)过滤:步骤(3)浸泡完成后进行固液分离得到滤液和滤渣,滤液可补充氢氧化钠后继续循环使用,也可进行提铝后制备水玻璃;
(5)氧压酸浸:将步骤(4)得到的滤渣使用硫酸进行氧压酸浸,并控制原料的固液比为1g:5mL,氧分压为350-400kPa,温度为160-170℃,pH为2.0-3.0。
(6)再次过滤:步骤(5)反应完成后进行固液分离,得到含有价金属的浸出液和铁红;
(7)铜分离:向步骤(6)得到的浸出液中通入硫化氢气体,并采用硫酸调节pH至0-2.0,分离得到硫化铜沉淀;
(8)镍钴分离:向步骤(7)分离硫化铜后的滤液中加入萃取剂P204,分离得到含镍萃取有机相和含钴萃余液,含钴萃余液可制备硫酸钴,用浓度为3mol/L的硫酸溶液从含镍萃取有机相中反萃取镍,得到硫酸镍溶液。
每公斤低冰镍转炉渣可获得35.97g硫酸镍、16.92g硫酸钴、11.60g硫化铜。可知镍的回收率大约为98.8%,钴的回收率大约为98.9%,铜的回收率大约为98.8%。
实施例2
一种从低冰镍转炉渣中提取有价金属的方法,低冰镍转炉渣的主要成份:镍1.13%、钴0.58%、铜0.43%、铁49.38%、硅25.82%,通过如下步骤提取分离有价金属:
(1)氧化焙烧:将低冰镍吹炼高冰镍产生的转炉渣与生石灰混合后在空气中焙烧,控制生石灰与转炉渣的质量比为0.2:1,焙烧温度1100℃,焙烧时间为1.0h;
(2)磁选分离:将步骤(1)得到的焙烧料研磨至粒度≤100μm后,用磁场强度为1000GS进行磁选分离,得到硅酸盐和富铁矿渣,分离得到的硅酸盐可用于制水泥;
(3)碱浸处理:向步骤(2)分离得到的富铁矿渣中加入浓度为2.0mol/L氢氧化钠溶液,浸泡1.5h;
(4)过滤:步骤(3)浸泡完成后进行固液分离得到滤液和滤渣,滤液可补充氢氧化钠后继续循环使用,也可进行提铝后制备水玻璃;
(5)氧压酸浸:将步骤(4)得到的滤渣使用硫酸进行氧压酸浸,并控制原料的固液比为1g:2.5mL,氧分压为500-550kPa,温度为190-200℃,pH为2.0-3.0。
(6)再次过滤:步骤(5)反应完成后进行固液分离,得到含有价金属的浸出液和铁红;
(7)铜分离:向步骤(6)得到的浸出液中通入硫化氢气体,并采用硫酸调节pH至0-2.0,分离得到硫化铜沉淀;
(8)镍钴分离:向步骤(7)分离硫化铜后的滤液中加入萃取剂P507,分离得到含镍萃取有机相和含钴萃余液,含钴萃余液可制备硫酸钴,用浓度为4mol/L的硫酸溶液从含镍萃取有机相中反萃取镍,得到硫酸镍溶液。
每公斤低冰镍转炉渣可获得29.63g硫酸镍、15.19g硫酸钴、6.45g硫化铜。可知镍的回收率大约为99.4%,钴的回收率大约为99.5%,铜的回收率大约为99.7%。
实施例3
一种从低冰镍转炉渣中提取有价金属的方法,低冰镍转炉渣的主要成份:镍0.93%、钴0.71%、铜0.38%、铁52.64%、硅22.13%,通过如下步骤提取分离有价金属:
(1)氧化焙烧:将低冰镍吹炼高冰镍产生的转炉渣与生石灰混合后在空气中焙烧,控制生石灰与转炉渣的质量比为0.1:1,焙烧温度800℃,焙烧时间为2.0h;
(2)磁选分离:将步骤(1)得到的焙烧料研磨至粒度≤100μm后,用磁场强度为1500GS进行磁选分离,得到硅酸盐和富铁矿渣,分离得到的硅酸盐可用于制水泥;
(3)碱浸处理:向步骤(2)分离得到的富铁矿渣中加入浓度为4.0mol/L氢氧化钠溶液,浸泡0.5h;
(4)过滤:步骤(3)浸泡完成后进行固液分离得到滤液和滤渣,滤液可补充氢氧化钠后继续循环使用,也可进行提铝后制备水玻璃;
(5)氧压酸浸:将步骤(4)得到的滤渣使用硫酸进行氧压酸浸,并控制原料的固液比为1g:0.5mL,氧分压为650-700kPa,温度为210-225℃,pH为2.0-3.0。
(6)再次过滤:步骤(5)反应完成后进行固液分离,得到含有价金属的浸出液和铁红;
(7)铜分离:向步骤(6)得到的浸出液中通入硫化氢气体,并采用硫酸调节pH至0-2.0,分离得到硫化铜沉淀;
(8)镍钴分离:向步骤(7)分离硫化铜后的滤液中加入萃取剂Cyanex272,分离得到含镍萃取有机相和含钴萃余液,含钴萃余液可制备硫酸钴,用浓度为5mol/L的硫酸溶液从含镍萃取有机相中反萃取镍,得到硫酸镍溶液。
每公斤低冰镍转炉渣可获得29.63g硫酸镍、15.19g硫酸钴、6.45g硫化铜。可知镍的回收率大约为99.7%,钴的回收率大约为99.7%,铜的回收率大约为99.5%。
上面结合附图对本发明实施例作了详细说明,但是本发明不限于上述实施例,在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。此外,在不冲突的情况下,本发明的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
Claims (10)
1.一种从低冰镍转炉渣中提取有价金属的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:将低冰镍转炉渣与生石灰混合后进行焙烧,得到焙烧料;
S2:将所述焙烧料进行研磨和磁选,得到硅酸盐和富铁矿渣;
S3:向所述富铁矿渣中加入强碱溶液进行浸泡处理,固液分离得到滤液和滤渣;
S4:将所述滤渣与酸液混合进行氧压酸浸,固液分离得到浸出液和铁红;
S5:向所述浸出液中通入硫化氢气体,并调节pH,固液分离得到硫化铜沉淀和含镍钴滤液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中,所述生石灰与所述低冰镍转炉渣的质量比为(0.1-0.3):1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中,所述焙烧的温度为800-1350℃;优选的,所述焙烧的时间为0.5-2.0h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中,所述研磨后焙烧料的粒度≤100μm;优选的,所述磁选的磁场强度为500-1500GS。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤S3中,所述强碱溶液的浓度为0.1-4.0mol/L;优选的,所述浸泡的时间为0.5-3.0h。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤S4中,所述滤渣与所述酸液的固液比为1g:(0.5-5)mL。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤S4中,所述氧压酸浸的氧分压为350-700kPa,温度为160-225℃,pH为2.0-3.0。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤S5中,所述pH为0-2.0。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤S5中,所述调节pH的调节剂为硫酸、氢氧化镍、碳酸镍、氢氧化钴或碳酸钴中的一种或多种。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤S5中,所述含镍钴滤液还进行萃取和反萃取的工序:向所述含镍钴滤液中加入萃取剂,分离得到含镍萃取有机相和含钴萃余液,用硫酸溶液从含镍萃取有机相中反萃取镍,得到硫酸镍溶液。
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