CN113621753B - Device and method for direct current arc furnace bottom electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking - Google Patents
Device and method for direct current arc furnace bottom electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking Download PDFInfo
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- CN113621753B CN113621753B CN202110872662.8A CN202110872662A CN113621753B CN 113621753 B CN113621753 B CN 113621753B CN 202110872662 A CN202110872662 A CN 202110872662A CN 113621753 B CN113621753 B CN 113621753B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5229—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in a direct current [DC] electric arc furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5229—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in a direct current [DC] electric arc furnace
- C21C2005/5235—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in a direct current [DC] electric arc furnace with bottom electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for direct current arc furnace bottom electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking, belonging to the technical field of steelmaking, wherein the device comprises a bottom electrode system and a bottom blowing system; the bottom electrode system comprises a chassis and a bottom electrode arranged on the chassis; the bottom blowing system comprises a bottom blowing element arranged on the chassis, an air source connected with the bottom blowing element, and a bottom blowing control system in signal connection with the bottom electrode, the bottom blowing element and the air source. The integrated design of the bottom blowing element and the bottom electrode realizes the efficient cooperative operation of bottom blowing and the bottom electrode, and accelerates the flowing speed of molten steel in the molten pool of the electric arc furnace. Effectively improves the uniformity of the components and the temperature of the molten steel, reduces the energy loss in the smelting process and accelerates the smelting rhythm. And an early warning unit and an alarm unit can be configured to reflect the corrosion condition of the furnace bottom around the bottom blowing element, and the smelting safety is ensured by combining a bottom electrode safety early warning system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel making, and relates to a direct current arc furnace bottom electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steel making device and method.
Background
The electric arc furnace steelmaking is one of the world main steelmaking methods, and has the characteristics of short flow, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like. However, the development of electric arc furnace steelmaking is severely restricted by the problems of weak stirring force of a molten pool, poor dynamic conditions, long smelting period, low energy utilization rate and the like which are influenced by the flat furnace structure for a long time.
Direct current electric arc furnace steelmaking is one of the main modes of electric arc furnace steelmaking, and compared with alternating current electric arc furnace, the direct current electric arc furnace steelmaking has the advantages of small voltage fluctuation and flash change, stable operation, high production efficiency, small smoke amount, low consumption of electrodes and refractory materials and the like. The stove bottom of direct current electric arc furnace is as arc current's positive pole, though rely on the stirring between the electrode, can strengthen the stirring of molten bath to a certain extent, improve the dynamics condition of molten bath, but the size of stove and the difference of structure not only influence greatly to the effect of molten steel stirring, the stable control of giving whole electric arc furnace operation has also brought very big influence moreover, and along with the improvement of production rhythm, only rely on the bottom electrode stirring to can not satisfy the needs of production in the tradition, the molten steel flows not enough direct influence electric arc furnace smelting productivity in the electric arc furnace molten bath.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a bottom electrode of a dc arc furnace and a device and a method for steelmaking in cooperation with bottom blowing, so as to solve the problem of insufficient flow of molten steel in a molten pool of the arc furnace only depending on electrode stirring.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a device for direct current arc furnace bottom electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking comprises a bottom electrode system and a bottom blowing system; the bottom electrode system comprises a chassis and a bottom electrode arranged on the chassis; the bottom blowing system comprises a bottom blowing element arranged on the chassis, an air source connected with the bottom blowing element, and a bottom blowing control system in signal connection with the bottom electrode, the bottom blowing element and the air source; more than one bottom blowing element is distributed in the radius range of 0-0.8R of the chassis.
Further, the bottom blowing element comprises an insulating bottom blowing air brick stacked on the chassis to form a column, a plurality of capillary tubes arranged in the middle of the insulating bottom blowing air brick, and a gas buffer chamber communicated with the capillary tubes; the gas buffer chamber is connected with one end of the bottom blowing gas inlet pipe, and the other end of the bottom blowing gas inlet pipe is connected with a gas source through an insulating joint.
Further, the bottom blowing system also comprises an early warning unit and an alarm unit, wherein the early warning unit and the alarm unit are in signal connection with the bottom blowing control system; the early warning unit and the alarm unit respectively comprise an early warning pipe and an alarm pipe, one end of the early warning pipe and one end of the alarm pipe respectively penetrate through the chassis from bottom to top and extend into a cylinder formed by the insulating bottom blowing air brick, the extending height of the early warning pipe is larger than the extending height of the alarm pipe, and the other end of the early warning pipe is connected with an air source through an insulating joint.
Furthermore, the extending height of the early warning pipe in the column body formed by the insulating bottom-blowing air bricks is 1/2-3/4 of the column height, and the extending height of the early warning pipe in the column body formed by the insulating bottom-blowing air bricks is 1/6-1/2 of the column height.
Furthermore, the capillaries are distributed in the radius range of 0-0.9 r of the cylinder formed by the insulating bottom-blown air brick in a dispersed manner, and the aperture of the capillaries is phi 0.1-phi 4mm.
Furthermore, the upper ends of the capillary tubes are respectively embedded and blocked at different heights of a column body formed by the insulating bottom-blowing air brick.
Further, the bottom electrode is in the form of any one of a multi-contact pin type, a multi-contact sheet type or a conductive furnace bottom type.
A direct current arc furnace bottom electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking method comprises the following steps:
s1, when smelting starts: inputting a bottom electrode current signal and a furnace wall oxygen lance flow signal into a bottom blowing control system, and determining the optimal bottom blowing gas flow and working pressure based on the simulation database result;
s2, a charging stage: the bottom blowing system is in a protection mode, the bottom blowing control system controls an air source to blow air into a molten pool of the electric arc furnace through the bottom blowing element to prevent the bottom blowing element from being blocked, the flow rate of the bottom blowing air is 0-100L/min, the pressure of the air source is 0.3-0.7 Mpa, and the air supply intensity is 0.001-0.05Nm 3/(min. T);
s3, scrap steel melting stage: the bottom blowing control system predicts the conditions of scrap steel melting in the electric arc furnace and reaction intensity in the furnace in real time, and dynamically adjusts the flow of bottom blowing gas in real time by combining the results of the simulation database, so as to accelerate the melting of the scrap steel;
s4, a melting stage: smelting current signals sent by the current controller and oxygen flow signals sent by the oxygen flow meter are respectively and continuously transmitted to the bottom blowing control system, and the bottom blowing control system updates and adjusts the set bottom blowing gas flow and working pressure in real time to accelerate the uniformity of the components and the temperature of a molten pool;
s5, tapping: adjusting the flow rate of bottom blowing gas, controlling the flow rate within the range of 0-100L/min, and preventing the bottom blowing element from being burnt and blocked;
and S6, executing the result by the bottom blowing control system according to the control strategy, and returning to the operation of the step S1 after the smelting period is finished so as to enter the next smelting period.
Further, the method also comprises a step of detecting the ablation height of the bottom blowing element, which specifically comprises the following steps: when the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is ablated to the height position of the upper end of a certain capillary tube, the upper end of the capillary tube is changed from a blocking state to a changing state, the flow of bottom-blowing gas is changed, and a bottom-blowing control system carries out warning response, so that the ablation height of the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is automatically detected.
Further, the method also comprises a step of detecting the ablation height of the bottom blowing element, which specifically comprises the following steps: when the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is ablated to the position where the extending height of the early warning pipe is located, one path of early warning is subjected to warning response by a bottom-blowing control system, which indicates that the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is completely ablated, and the furnace shell is reminded to be replaced; when the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is ablated to the position of the extending height of the alarm pipe, the two-way alarm is responded by the bottom-blowing control system, the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is completely ablated, and the furnace needs to be built again after the service of the furnace is finished.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, through the integrated design of the bottom blowing element and the bottom electrode, the bottom blowing element and the bottom electrode are compositely installed on the chassis and are communicated with the bottom blowing control system, so that the efficient cooperative operation of bottom blowing and the bottom electrode is realized, and the flowing speed of molten steel in the molten pool of the electric arc furnace is accelerated.
(2) The invention adopts the early warning unit and the alarming unit, can reflect the corrosion condition of the furnace bottom around the bottom blowing element, and ensures the smelting safety by combining the bottom electrode safety early warning system.
(3) The invention can effectively improve the uniformity of the components and the temperature of the molten steel, reduce the energy loss in the smelting process, accelerate the smelting rhythm, shorten the smelting period by more than 3min and reduce the power consumption per ton of steel by more than 8 kWh.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a top view of an embodiment 1 of an apparatus for steelmaking with bottom blowing and bottom electrodes of a direct current arc furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an embodiment 2 of the apparatus for making steel by bottom blowing in conjunction with bottom electrodes of a direct current arc furnace of the present invention.
Reference numerals: the device comprises a bottom electrode 1, a bottom pouring material 2, a bottom blowing element 3, a bottom blowing air inlet 301, an insulating joint 302, an early warning pipe air inlet 303, an alarm pipe air inlet 304, a capillary tube 305, an insulating bottom blowing air brick 306, an early warning pipe 307, an alarm pipe 308, a gas buffer chamber 309, a bottom blowing air inlet pipe 310, a bottom electrode conductive copper bar 4, a bottom electrode air cooling air inlet 5, a furnace wall refractory 6 and a chassis 7.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; for a better explanation of the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a bottom electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking device for a dc arc furnace is disclosed, which is suitable for a 50-500t dc arc furnace and comprises a bottom electrode system and a bottom blowing system; the bottom electrode system comprises a chassis 7 and a plurality of bottom electrodes 1 which are uniformly distributed on the chassis 7 in the circumference; the bottom blowing system comprises a bottom blowing element 3 arranged on a chassis 7, an air source (adopting a bottom blowing gas valve group as the air source) connected with the bottom blowing element 3, and a bottom blowing control system in signal connection with the bottom electrode 1, the bottom blowing element 3 and the air source.
The bottom electrode 1 can be in the form of a multi-contact pin type, a multi-contact sheet type or a conductive furnace bottom type, and is reasonably arranged by combining the arrangement mode of bottom blowing elements. The present embodiment employs a multi-stylus type.
The number of the bottom blowing elements 3 is 1, and the bottom blowing elements comprise an insulating bottom blowing air brick 306 which is piled up in the right center of the base plate 7 to form a cylinder with the diameter of 300mm and the height of 800mm, a plurality of capillary tubes 305 which are arranged in the middle of the insulating bottom blowing air brick 306, and a gas buffer chamber 309 which is communicated with the capillary tubes 305. The gas buffer chamber 309 is formed by a gap between the lower end of the capillary 305 and the base plate 7, the gas buffer chamber 309 is connected to one end of the bottom-blowing gas pipe 310, and the other end of the bottom-blowing gas pipe 310 (i.e., the end where the bottom-blowing gas inlet 301 is located) is connected to a gas source through the insulating joint 302. The insulating joint 302 is used here to prevent electrical conduction with the bottom electrode 1 during the gas supply process. The insulating bottom-blowing air brick 306 is made of insulating refractory material, so that the phenomenon of electric conduction when the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is contacted with the bottom electrode 1 is avoided.
Each capillary 305 is made of a metal tube and is dispersedly distributed in the radius range of 0-0.7 r of a column formed by the insulating bottom-blowing air brick 306, the aperture of each capillary 305 is phi 2mm, and the upper ends of the capillaries 305 are respectively embedded and blocked at different heights of the column formed by the insulating bottom-blowing air brick 306, so that the air outlets of the capillaries 305 are blocked by the insulating bottom-blowing air bricks 306.
The periphery of the insulating bottom-blowing air brick 306 is wrapped by a fixed steel plate, and the bottom pouring material 2 and the furnace wall refractory material 6 are sequentially distributed on the periphery of the insulating bottom-blowing air brick 306 on the chassis 7. The bottom electrode 1 adopts an air cooling mode, an air cooling air inlet 5 of the bottom electrode is arranged at the center below the chassis 7, and a bottom electrode conductive copper bar 4 is also arranged on the chassis 7.
The bottom blowing system also comprises an early warning unit and an alarm unit, and the early warning unit and the alarm unit are in signal connection with the bottom blowing control system; the early warning unit and the alarm unit respectively comprise an early warning pipe 307 and an alarm pipe 308, one end of the early warning pipe 307 and one end of the alarm pipe 308 respectively penetrate through the base plate 7 from bottom to top and extend into a cylinder formed by the insulating bottom blowing air brick 306, the extending height (specifically 5/8 column height, namely 500 mm) of the early warning pipe 307 is larger than the extending height (specifically 1/4 column height, namely 200 mm) of the alarm pipe 308, and the other end of the early warning pipe 307 (namely the early warning pipe air inlet 303) and the other end of the alarm pipe 308 (namely the alarm pipe air inlet 304) are respectively connected with an air source through the insulating joint 302. The insulating joint 302 is also used here to prevent electrical conduction with the bottom electrode 1 during the gas supply process. In addition, shut-off valves are installed on the early warning pipe 307 and the alarm pipe 308.
The method for steelmaking by adopting the device can use N as bottom blowing gas 2 Ar, natural gas, CO 2 、CO、O 2 And air, the smelting process can be switched according to the smelting requirement, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting is started: inputting a bottom electrode 1 current signal and a furnace wall oxygen lance flow signal into a bottom blowing control system, and determining the optimal bottom blowing gas flow and working pressure based on the simulation database result;
s2, a charging stage: the bottom blowing system is in a protection mode, the bottom blowing control system controls an air source to blow Ar into a molten pool of the electric arc furnace through the bottom blowing element 3 to prevent the bottom blowing element 3 from being blocked, the flow rate of bottom blowing gas of a single capillary tube 305 is controlled to be 30L/min, the pressure of the air source is 0.4Mpa, and the air supply intensity is 0.001-0.05Nm 3/(min. T);
s3, scrap steel melting stage: according to smelting power supply signals, oxygen supply signals and other chemical energy input signals, a bottom blowing control system predicts the conditions of scrap steel melting in the electric arc furnace and reaction intensity in the furnace in real time, and dynamically adjusts the flow of bottom blowing gas in real time by combining the results of a simulation database to accelerate the melting of the scrap steel; specifically, the flow rate of bottom-blown gas in the single capillary 305 is controlled to 50L/min, and when the electric power supply per ton of steel in the electric arc furnace is increased by 20kWh or the oxygen consumption per ton of steel is increased by 1Nm 3 The bottom blowing gas flow rate of the single capillary 305 is increased by 5L/min;
s4, a melting stage: smelting current signals sent by the current controller and oxygen flow signals sent by the oxygen flow meter are respectively and continuously transmitted to the bottom blowing control system, the bottom blowing control system updates and adjusts the set bottom blowing gas flow and working pressure in real time, the bottom blowing gas flow of a single capillary tube 305 is controlled at 150L/min, molten pool stirring is strengthened, and the uniformity of molten pool components and temperature is accelerated;
s5, tapping: the flow rate of bottom blowing gas of the single capillary 305 is controlled at 50L/min, so that the bottom blowing element 3 is prevented from being burnt and blocked;
and S6, executing the result by the bottom blowing control system according to the control strategy, and returning to the operation of the step S1 after the smelting period is finished so as to enter the next smelting period.
In the smelting period, the method also comprises a step of detecting the ablation height of the bottom blowing element 3, which specifically comprises the following steps:
when the insulating bottom-blowing air brick 306 is ablated to the height position of the upper end of a certain capillary tube 305, the upper end of the capillary tube 305 is changed from being blocked to being open, so that the flow of bottom-blowing gas is changed, and the bottom-blowing control system carries out warning response, so that the ablation height of the insulating bottom-blowing air brick 306 is automatically detected.
Further, an early warning height (the extending height of the early warning pipe 307) and an alarming height (the extending height of the alarming pipe 308) are set through an early warning unit and an alarming unit respectively, one-way early warning and two-way alarming are carried out successively, and a bottom blowing control system carries out alarming response; when the insulating bottom-blowing air brick 306 is ablated to the position of the early warning height, one path of early warning response indicates that the insulating bottom-blowing air brick 306 is completely ablated soon, the furnace shell is reminded to be replaced, and if smelting is continued, only a cut-off valve arranged on the early warning pipe 307 needs to be manually closed; when the insulating bottom-blowing air brick 306 is ablated to the position of the alarm height, two-way alarm response indicates that the insulating bottom-blowing air brick 306 is completely ablated, and the furnace needs to be built again after the furnace service is finished. The bottom electrode 1 and the bottom blowing safety and stability are ensured by cooperating with the existing bottom electrode 1 safety early warning system.
By adopting the device and the method provided by the embodiment, the average flow velocity of the molten steel is improved by about 6%, the temperature and the components of the molten pool are rapid and uniform, the interface mass and heat transfer speed is accelerated, the energy loss is reduced, the smelting period is shortened by 4min, and the power consumption for smelting steel per ton is reduced by 10kWh.
Example 2:
the difference between the device of the embodiment 2 and the device of the embodiment 1 is that 2 bottom blowing elements 3 are uniformly distributed at 0.6R of the chassis 7 and form angles of 45 degrees and 225 degrees with the symmetrical line of the bottom electrode conductive copper bar 4. The diameter of a cylinder formed by the insulating bottom-blowing air brick 306 is 350mm, the height of the cylinder is 800mm, the extending height of the early warning pipe 307 is 1/2 column height (400 mm), and the extending height of the warning pipe 308 is 1/3 column height (267 mm). The capillary tubes 305 are arranged in a dispersion mode within the radius range of 3060-0.8 r of the insulating bottom-blowing air brick, and the aperture of the capillary tubes 305 is phi 2mm.
The difference of the steel-making method of the device disclosed in the embodiment 2 is as follows:
a charging stage: the flow rate of bottom-blown gas of the single capillary 305 is controlled at 50L/min;
and (3) a scrap steel melting stage: the flow rate of bottom blowing gas of a single capillary tube 305 is controlled at 50L/min, when the power supply of an electric arc furnace per ton of steel is increased by 15kWh or the oxygen consumption per ton of steel is increased by 0.8Nm 3 The bottom blowing gas flow rate of the single capillary 305 is increased by 6L/min;
and (3) a melting stage: the flow rate of bottom-blown gas of the single capillary 305 is controlled at 220L/min;
tapping: the flow rate of the bottom-blown gas of the single capillary 305 was controlled at 50L/min.
By adopting the device and the method provided by the embodiment, the average flow velocity of the molten steel is improved by about 8%, the temperature and the components of the molten pool are rapid and uniform, the interface mass and heat transfer speed is accelerated, the energy loss is reduced, the smelting period is shortened by 6min, and the power consumption for smelting steel per ton is reduced by 12kWh.
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for steelmaking by cooperation of bottom electrode and bottom blowing of a direct current arc furnace is characterized in that: the device adopted by the method comprises a bottom electrode system and a bottom blowing system; the bottom electrode system comprises a chassis and a bottom electrode arranged on the chassis; the bottom blowing system comprises a bottom blowing element arranged on the chassis, an air source connected with the bottom blowing element, and a bottom blowing control system in signal connection with the bottom electrode, the bottom blowing element and the air source; the bottom blowing element comprises more than one insulating bottom blowing air brick stacked on the chassis to form a column, a plurality of capillary tubes arranged in the middle of the insulating bottom blowing air brick and a gas buffer chamber communicated with the capillary tubes, wherein the gas buffer chamber is connected with one end of a bottom blowing air inlet tube, the other end of the bottom blowing air inlet tube is connected with a gas source through an insulating joint, the capillary tubes are dispersed in the radius range of 0-0.9R of the column formed by the insulating bottom blowing air brick, the pore diameter of the capillary tubes is phi 0.1-phi 4mm, and the upper ends of the capillary tubes are respectively embedded and blocked at different heights of the column formed by the insulating bottom blowing air brick;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting is started: inputting a bottom electrode current signal and a furnace wall oxygen lance flow signal into a bottom blowing control system, and determining the optimal bottom blowing gas flow and working pressure based on the simulation database result;
s2, a charging stage: the bottom blowing system is in a protection mode, the bottom blowing control system controls an air source to blow air into a molten pool of the electric arc furnace through the bottom blowing element to prevent the bottom blowing element from being blocked, the flow rate of the bottom blowing air is 0-100L/min, the pressure of the air source is 0.3-0.7 MPa, and the air supply intensity is 0.001-0.05 Nm 3 /(min·t)；
S3, scrap steel melting stage: the bottom blowing control system predicts the scrap steel melting and reaction intensity conditions in the electric arc furnace in real time, and controls the initial bottom blowing gas flow of a single capillary at 50L/min by combining the simulation database result, the power supply of the electric arc furnace per ton of steel is improved by 20kWh or the oxygen consumption per ton of steel is increased by 1Nm 3 The flow rate of bottom blowing gas of a single capillary is increased by 5L/min, and the melting of scrap steel is accelerated;
s4, a melting stage: smelting current signals sent by the current controller and oxygen flow signals sent by the oxygen flow meter are respectively and continuously transmitted to the bottom blowing control system, and the bottom blowing control system updates and adjusts the set bottom blowing gas flow and working pressure in real time to accelerate the uniformity of the composition and temperature of a molten pool;
s5, tapping: adjusting the flow rate of bottom blowing gas, controlling the flow rate within the range of 0-100L/min, and preventing the bottom blowing element from being burnt and blocked;
and S6, executing the result by the bottom blowing control system according to the control strategy, and returning to the operation of the step S1 after the smelting period is finished so as to enter the next smelting period.
2. The direct current arc hearth electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking method as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the bottom blowing system also comprises an early warning unit and an alarm unit, and the early warning unit and the alarm unit are in signal connection with the bottom blowing control system; the early warning unit and the alarm unit respectively comprise an early warning pipe and an alarm pipe, one end of the early warning pipe and one end of the alarm pipe respectively penetrate through the chassis from bottom to top and extend into a cylinder formed by the insulating bottom blowing air brick, the extending height of the early warning pipe is larger than the extending height of the alarm pipe, and the other end of the early warning pipe is connected with an air source through an insulating joint.
3. The direct current arc hearth electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking method as recited in claim 2, further comprising: the extending height of the early warning pipe in the column body formed by the insulating bottom-blowing air bricks is 1/2-3/4 of the column height, and the extending height of the early warning pipe in the column body formed by the insulating bottom-blowing air bricks is 1/6-1/2 of the column height.
4. The direct current arc hearth electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking method as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the bottom electrode is in any one of a multi-contact pin type, a multi-contact sheet type or a conductive furnace bottom type.
5. The direct current arc hearth electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking method as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the method also comprises a step of detecting the ablation height of the bottom blowing element, which specifically comprises the following steps: when the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is ablated to the height position of the upper end of a certain capillary tube, the upper end of the capillary tube is changed from blocking to unblocking, the flow of bottom-blowing gas is changed, and a bottom-blowing control system carries out warning response, so that the ablation height of the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is automatically detected.
6. The direct current arc hearth electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking method as recited in claim 2, further comprising: the method also comprises a step of detecting the ablation height of the bottom blowing element, which specifically comprises the following steps: when the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is ablated to the position where the extending height of the early warning pipe is located, one path of early warning is subjected to warning response by a bottom-blowing control system, which indicates that the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is completely ablated, and the furnace shell is reminded to be replaced; when the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is ablated to the position of the extending height of the alarm pipe, the two-way alarm is responded by the bottom-blowing control system, the insulating bottom-blowing air brick is completely ablated, and the furnace needs to be built again after the furnace service is finished.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110872662.8A CN113621753B (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2021-07-30 | Device and method for direct current arc furnace bottom electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110872662.8A CN113621753B (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2021-07-30 | Device and method for direct current arc furnace bottom electrode and bottom blowing cooperative steelmaking |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113621753A CN113621753A (en) | 2021-11-09 |
| CN113621753B true CN113621753B (en) | 2022-11-18 |
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| CN113621753A (en) | 2021-11-09 |
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