CN106957983A - Smelt the apparatus and method of ferrous material - Google Patents
Smelt the apparatus and method of ferrous material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106957983A CN106957983A CN201710249035.2A CN201710249035A CN106957983A CN 106957983 A CN106957983 A CN 106957983A CN 201710249035 A CN201710249035 A CN 201710249035A CN 106957983 A CN106957983 A CN 106957983A
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- slag
- molten
- iron
- ferrous material
- fuel inlet
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of apparatus and method for smelting ferrous material, the device includes：Horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom, horizontal chamber furnace (oven) limits molten bath in bottom；Fusion zone and melting slag iron Disengagement zone are limited successively from top to bottom in molten locellus, molten locellus, and the lower end of molten locellus is connected with the upper end at horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom；Fining cell and vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone are limited in refining chamber, refining chamber from top to bottom, the lower end of refining chamber is connected with the upper end at horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom；Oxygen lance, oxygen lance is arranged in fining cell；Material inlet, material inlet is arranged on fusion zone；First fuel inlet, the first fuel inlet is arranged on fusion zone；Slag former entrance, slag former entrance is arranged on fining cell；Second fuel inlet, the second fuel inlet is arranged on fining cell；Melting slag is exported, and melting slag outlet is arranged in melting slag iron Disengagement zone；Vanadium slag is exported, and vanadium slag outlet is arranged in vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone；Molten steel outlet, molten steel outlet is disposed adjacent on the pool side wall of vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, specifically, the present invention relates to the apparatus and method for smelting ferrous material.
Background technology
With the fast development of Jin Sanshinian China steel and iron industry, the current steel storage of China gradually increases, and steel is on active service
Turn into steel scrap after expiring, into the steel circulatory system.The major way of current waste steel recycling has as blast-melted with charging
Or entering to pour into refine in refining furnace again after fusing in electric furnace obtains qualified molten steel.
DRI is a kind of new steelmaking feed, is directly and without fusing by the way of gas base or coal base
Ferriferous oxide in ore is reduced into metallic iron, product solid-state has loose porous state, at present main utilization ways
It is to pour into refining in refining furnace after converter and furnace melting to obtain qualified molten steel.But whole flow process needs to be skimmed and stove
Operation, haves the shortcomings that the long high energy consumption of technological process.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solving one of technical problem in correlation technique to a certain extent.Therefore, the present invention
One purpose is to propose a kind of apparatus and method for smelting ferrous material, using the device and the electric furnace used in the prior art
Or converter ferrous material is melted after pour into be further processed in refining furnace and compare, the application need not skim and stove etc.
Operational sequence, with flow is short, easy to operate, saving energy consumption and the advantage such as artificial.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of device for smelting ferrous material.According to the reality of the present invention
Example is applied, described device includes：
Molten bath is limited in horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom, the horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom；
Limit fusion zone and melting slag iron Disengagement zone, described molten point in molten locellus, the molten locellus successively from top to bottom
The lower end of room is connected with the upper end at the horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom；
Limited from top to bottom in refining chamber, the refining chamber under fining cell and vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone, the refining chamber
End is connected with the upper end at the horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom；
Oxygen lance, the oxygen lance is arranged in the fining cell；
Material inlet, the material inlet is arranged on the fusion zone；
First fuel inlet, first fuel inlet is arranged on the fusion zone；
Slag former entrance, the slag former entrance is arranged on the fining cell；
Second fuel inlet, second fuel inlet is arranged on the fining cell；
Melting slag is exported, and the melting slag outlet is arranged in the melting slag iron Disengagement zone；
Vanadium slag is exported, and the vanadium slag outlet is arranged in the vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone；
Molten steel outlet, the molten steel outlet is disposed adjacent on the pool side wall of the vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone.
The device of smelting ferrous material according to embodiments of the present invention passes through molten locellus, refining chamber and horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom is integral
Shaping so that the molten office reason of reduction and melting slag iron separating treatment occur in molten locellus first for ferrous material, isolated
Melting slag is arranged at the melting slag outlet discharge on molten locellus, and obtained molten iron enters refining chamber through horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom, is making
Refining treatment and vanadium slag iron separating treatment are carried out to molten iron in the presence of slag agent and oxygen lance, molten steel and vanadium slag is obtained, separated
Obtained vanadium slag is arranged at the vanadium slag outlet discharge in refining chamber, so as to will contain with the electric furnace used in the prior art or converter
Iron material is poured into be further processed in refining furnace and compared after melting, and the application need not skim and the operational sequence such as stove,
With flow is short, easy to operate, saving energy consumption and the advantage such as artificial, and refine molten steel out and can directly carry out continuous casting behaviour
Make, while the refining chamber of the application has a quenched and upgrading effect, therefore use the application device can with alloy smelting steel or
Reclaim beneficial element in molten iron.
In addition, the device according to the above embodiment of the present invention for smelting ferrous material can also have technology additional as follows
Feature：
In some embodiments of the invention, divide on the outer wall at the horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom, the molten locellus and the refining chamber
Furnace lining is not arranged independently.Thus, it is possible to significantly improve the service life of the device.
In some embodiments of the invention, the furnace lining is using at least one of silica brick, aluminium brick, magnesia brick and carbon brick
It is made.Thus, it is possible to further improve the service life of the device.
In some embodiments of the invention, first fuel inlet is multiple, the multiple first fuel inlet cloth
Put on the outer wall of the fusion zone.Thus, it is possible to significantly improve the reduction of ferrous material and melting efficiency in molten locellus.
In some embodiments of the invention, second fuel inlet is multiple, the multiple second fuel inlet cloth
Put on the outer wall of the fining cell.Thus, it is possible to significantly improve the refining efficiency of molten iron.
In some embodiments of the invention, the molten locellus and the refining chamber are located at the two ends at the horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom.
In another aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method that use said apparatus smelts ferrous material.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, methods described includes：
Raw material containing ferrous material, reducing agent and slag former is supplied to the fusion zone by the feed(raw material)inlet,
Fuel is supplied to the fusion zone by first fuel inlet, so that the ferrous material carries out molten office reason, obtained
Molten iron and melting slag；
Slag former is supplied to the fining cell by the slag former entrance, fuel is passed through into second fuel inlet
Supply is supplied oxygen to the fining cell by the oxygen lance, so that the molten iron is refined to the fining cell
Reaction, obtains molten steel and vanadium slag.
The method of smelting ferrous material according to embodiments of the present invention is by using above-mentioned by molten locellus, refining chamber and horizontal
The integrally formed device of furnace bottom so that at the molten office reason of ferrous material generation reduction first in locellus is melted is separated with melting slag iron
Reason, isolated melting slag is arranged at the melting slag outlet discharge on molten locellus, and obtained molten iron enters through horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom
Enter refining chamber, refining treatment and vanadium slag iron separating treatment are carried out to molten iron in the presence of slag former and oxygen lance, steel is obtained
Water and vanadium slag, isolated vanadium slag are arranged at the vanadium slag outlet discharge in refining chamber, so that with the prior art using
Electric furnace or converter are poured into be further processed in refining furnace after ferrous material is melted and compared, and the application need not skim and fall
The operational sequences such as stove, with flow is short, easy to operate, saving energy consumption and the advantage such as artificial, and refine molten steel out can be with
Continuous casting operation is directly carried out, while the refining chamber of the application has quenched and upgrading effect, therefore can using the present processes
With beneficial element in alloy smelting steel or recovery molten iron.
In addition, the method according to the above embodiment of the present invention for smelting ferrous material can also have technology additional as follows
Feature：
In some embodiments of the invention, the degree of metalization of the ferrous material is more than 75%.Thus, it is possible to significantly
Improve the quality of gained molten steel.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ferrous material is at least one in DRI and steel scrap.By
This, it is possible to achieve the efficient utilization of resource.
In some embodiments of the invention, the slag former is selected from calcium oxide, quick lime, calcirm-fluoride, sodium carbonate, oxygen
Change at least one of magnesium and silica.Thus, it is possible to further improve the quality of gained molten steel.
In some embodiments of the invention, the particle diameter of the slag former accounts for more than 90% less than 1mm.Thus, it is possible to
Further improve slag sluicing system efficiency in molten locellus and refining chamber.
In some embodiments of the invention, the reducing agent is selected from least one of coal dust, coke powder and semi-coke.By
This, can significantly improve the reduction efficiency of ferrous material.
In some embodiments of the invention, the particle diameter of the reducing agent is to account for more than 90% less than 1mm.Thus, may be used
Further to improve the reduction efficiency of ferrous material.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the molten office reason is 1200-1600 degrees Celsius.Thus, it is possible to
Further improve the quality of gained molten steel.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the ferrous material and the slag former, the reducing agent is
100：(1~20)：(5~20).Thus, it is possible to further improve the quality of gained molten steel.
In some embodiments of the invention, the molten iron and the mass ratio of the slag former are 100：(1~20).By
This, can further improve the quality of gained molten steel.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the refining treatment is 1200~1600 degrees Celsius.Thus, it is possible to
Further improve the quality of gained molten steel.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become from description of the accompanying drawings below to embodiment is combined
Substantially and be readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of smelting ferrous material according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the method flow schematic diagram of smelting ferrous material according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and be not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", " on ", " under ", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outer ", " up time
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as pin ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumference " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or
Position relationship, is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than indicate or imply that the device or element of meaning must
There must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance
Or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", the feature of " second " can express or
Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the invention, " multiple " are meant that at least two, such as two, three
It is individual etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected or be detachably connected, or integrally；Can be that machinery connects
Connect or electrically connect；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be in two elements
The connection in portion or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.For one of ordinary skill in the art
For, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature can be with "above" or "below" second feature
It is that the first and second features are directly contacted, or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature are directly over second feature or oblique upper, or be merely representative of
Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be
One feature is immediately below second feature or obliquely downward, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height less than second feature.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of device for smelting ferrous material.According to the reality of the present invention
Example is applied, with reference to Fig. 1, the device includes：Horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom 100, molten locellus 200 and refining chamber 300.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, with reference to Fig. 1, limit molten bath 10 in horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom 100.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, with reference to Fig. 1, limit fusion zone 21 and molten successively from top to bottom in molten locellus 200
Divide slag sluicing system area 22, and the lower end of molten locellus 200 is connected with the upper end at horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom 100, that is, melts locellus 200 and molten bath
10 are connected, so that the reduction melting materialss obtained in molten locellus enter directly into molten bath in the case of without having bad luck
In be further processed.
According to one embodiment of present invention, melting has material inlet 201, the first fuel inlet 202 and melts on locellus 200
Divide slag outlet 203, and be suitable to the mixed material containing ferrous material, reducing agent and slag former in the first fuel combustion heat supply
Reduced and melt office reason, obtain molten iron and melting slag.According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, material inlet 201
In fusion zone 21, such as top positioned at fusion zone 21；First fuel inlet 202 is located at fusion zone, such as positioned at fusion zone
On the wall of side；Melting slag outlet 203 is located at melting slag iron Disengagement zone 22, such as on the side wall of melting slag iron Disengagement zone 22, by
This application need not skim process, so as to save cost of labor.It should be noted that herein " fuel " can be containing
Combustion gas and the gaseous mixture of combustion-supporting gas, those skilled in the art can be selected the particular type of combustion gas according to actual needs,
Natural gas can for example be used.
According to further embodiment of the present invention, the particular type of ferrous material is not particularly restricted, people in the art
Member can be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, and ferrous material can be direct-reduction
At least one in iron and steel scrap.Thus, it is possible to realize the efficient utilization of resource.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the degree of metalization of ferrous material is not particularly restricted, art technology
Personnel can be selected according to actual needs, and according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the degree of metalization of ferrous material can
Think more than 75%.Inventor find, using the degree of metalization ferrous material as steel-making raw material, it is ensured that gained steel
Water has higher quality.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the particular type of slag former is not particularly restricted, people in the art
Member can be selected according to actual needs, according to the present invention a specific embodiment, slag former can be selected from calcium oxide,
At least one of calcirm-fluoride, sodium carbonate, magnesia and silica.Inventor's discovery, can be notable using such slag former
Better than the grade that other types improve gained molten iron.Specifically, calcium oxide (i.e. quick lime) and magnesia are basic anhydride, energy
Enough and acid slag reaction reduction slag melting, while can be with the SiO in molten iron2、Al2O3Reacted Deng impurity and enter slag
In, so as to play a part of purifying molten iron；Calcirm-fluoride and sodium carbonate are strongly alkaline compound, and action principle is with calcium oxide and oxidation
Magnesium, and act on stronger；Silica is acidic oxide, is added when smelting some special steels, for example, needing to retain steel
(such as P, S), which adds silica, during acidic materials in water can farthest protect molten steel middle acid substance not by slag
In CaO consume.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the particle diameter of slag former is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can
To be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the particle diameter of slag former accounts for 90% less than 1mm
More than.Inventor is had found, the grade that other particle diameters improve gained molten iron can be significantly better than using the particle size range.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the particular type of reducing agent is not particularly restricted, people in the art
Member can be selected according to actual needs, according to the present invention a specific embodiment, reducing agent be selected from coal dust, coke powder and
At least one of semi-coke.Inventor has found that can be significantly better than other types using such reducing agent improves ferrous material
Reduction efficiency, so as to improve the grade of gained molten iron.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the particle diameter of reducing agent is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can
To be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the particle diameter of reducing agent accounts for 90% less than 1mm
More than.Inventor is had found, the grade that other particle diameters improve gained molten iron can be significantly better than using the particle size range.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the mixed proportion of ferrous material and slag former, reducing agent is not by special
Limitation, those skilled in the art can be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, chalybeate
Material can be 100 with the mass ratio of slag former, reducing agent：(1~20)：(5~20).Inventor's discovery, the addition of slag former
Relevant with the grade of ferrous material, the more high then slag former addition of grade of ferrous material is fewer, otherwise more；And reducing agent
Addition is relevant with the degree of metalization of ferrous material, and degree of metalization is more high, and the reducing agent added is fewer, otherwise more.Thus,
The grade of molten iron is remarkably improved using ferrous material proposed by the present invention and slag former, the mixed proportion of reducing agent.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the temperature for melting point processing procedure is not particularly restricted, art technology
Personnel can be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, and the temperature of molten office reason can be
1200-1600 degrees Celsius.Inventor has found that can be significantly better than other temperature using the molten point temperature improves going back for ferrous material
Former and melting efficiency, so as to ensure that gained molten iron has higher grade.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the first fuel inlet 202 can be to be multiple, and multiple first fuel enter
Mouth 202 is arranged on the outer wall of fusion zone 21, for example, multiple first fuel inlets 202 are uniformly arranged in the side wall of fusion zone
On.Thus, by arranging multiple fuel inlets on the side wall of fusion zone, it is ensured that uniform distribution of temperature field in molten locellus,
So as to improve reduction and the melting efficiency of ferrous material, high-grade molten iron is obtained.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, with reference to Fig. 1, limit fining cell 31 and vanadium slag iron from top to bottom in refining chamber 300
Disengagement zone 32, and the lower end of refining chamber 300 is connected with the upper end at horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom 100, i.e., and refining chamber 300 is connected with molten bath 10
It is logical, while being disposed with oxygen lance 33 in refining chamber 300.Thus, molten iron isolated in locellus is melted direct through horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom
Refining treatment is carried out into refining chamber, refining furnace is poured into after ferrous material is melted with the electric furnace used in the prior art or converter
In be further processed and compare, the application need not skim and the operational sequence such as stove, with flow is short, easy to operate, section
About energy consumption and the advantage such as artificial.According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, refining chamber 300 has slag former entrance 301, second
Fuel inlet 302 and vanadium slag outlet 303, and it is suitable to the molten iron and slag former that supply melting chamber through horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom in fuel combustion
Refining treatment is carried out in the presence of heat supply, vanadium slag and molten steel is obtained.Specifically, slag former is same as the slag former in molten locellus.Root
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, slag former entrance 301 is located on fining cell 31, such as the top positioned at fining cell；The
Two fuel inlets 302 are located on fining cell 31, such as on the side wall of fining cell 31；Vanadium slag outlet 303 is located at vanadium slag iron point
From in area 32, such as on the side wall of vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone 32, isolated vanadium slag is expelled directly out refining through vanadium slag outlet
Area.Thus, the application need not skim process, so as to save cost of labor；Oxygen lance 33 is arranged in fining cell, for example can be with
Slag former porch is arranged on the side wall of fining cell or is arranged in, specifically, adding slag former to molten iron from slag former entrance
Refining vanadium extraction is carried out, while oxygen lance by being arranged on the wall of fining cell side or inserting oxygen lance from slag former entrance
Carry out spray oxygen decarburization vanadium extraction processing.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the temperature of refining treatment is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can
To be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of refining treatment can be 1200-
1600 degrees Celsius.(inventor has found that the temperature of refining treatment is determined by the steel grade smelted, such as is needed during liquid steel dephosphorization relatively low
Refining temperature phosphorus could farthest be removed.Thus, it can be significantly better than using refining temperature proposed by the present invention
He improves the refining efficiency of molten iron at temperature, so as to improve the grade of gained molten steel.
According to still a further embodiment, molten steel outlet 101 is disposed with molten bath 10, specifically, with reference to Fig. 1, steel
Water out 101 is disposed adjacent on the side wall of molten bath 10 of vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone 32.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, can be with the outer wall at horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom 100, molten locellus 200 and refining chamber 300
Separately arrange furnace lining, it is preferable that arrange furnace lining on the outer wall at horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom 100, molten locellus 200 and refining chamber 300, have
Body, furnace lining can be to be made using at least one of silica brick, aluminium brick, magnesia brick and carbon brick.Thus, it is possible to significantly improve
The service life of device.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 1, molten locellus 200 and refining chamber 300 can be located at horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom
100 two ends.
Specifically, containing ferrous material, reducing agent and slag making by melting the material inlet on locellus top and being added to fusion zone
The mixed material of agent, and it is that molten locellus is supplied to supply the mixture combustion containing combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas by the first fuel inlet
Heat so that ferrous material occurs reduction reaction in fusion zone in the presence of reducing agent and is fusing into melting slag iron Disengagement zone
Slag sluicing system is carried out with slag former effect and obtains melting slag and molten iron, and melting slag is molten on melting slag iron Disengagement zone by being arranged in
Divide slag outlet discharge, and molten iron enters refining chamber through horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom, is added from the slag former entrance on refining chamber top to fining cell
Slag former, while it is fining cell heat supply to supply the mixture combustion containing combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas by the second fuel inlet, and
Spray oxygen decarburization vanadium extraction is carried out by the oxygen lance being arranged on the wall of fining cell side or by oxygen lance from the insertion of slag former entrance
Processing make it that molten iron carries out obtaining vanadium slag and molten steel into vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone progress slag sluicing system after refining treatment, isolates
Vanadium slag is arranged at the vanadium slag outlet discharge on vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone, and molten steel is arranged at the molten steel outlet discharge on molten bath, and
And peep-hole can be arranged on the apparatus, for detecting fire box temperature and being sampled operation, while in order to maintain refining chamber
Temperature stabilization, mill scale or steel scrap can be added into molten steel and adjusts liquid steel temperature as cooling agent.
The device of smelting ferrous material according to embodiments of the present invention passes through molten locellus, refining chamber and horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom is integral
Shaping so that the molten office reason of reduction and melting slag iron separating treatment occur in molten locellus first for ferrous material, isolated
Melting slag is arranged at the melting slag outlet discharge on molten locellus, and obtained molten iron enters refining chamber through horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom, is making
Refining treatment and vanadium slag iron separating treatment are carried out to molten iron in the presence of slag agent and oxygen lance, molten steel and vanadium slag is obtained, separated
Obtained vanadium slag is arranged at the vanadium slag outlet discharge in refining chamber, so as to will contain with the electric furnace used in the prior art or converter
Iron material is poured into be further processed in refining furnace and compared after melting, and the application need not skim and the operational sequence such as stove,
With flow is short, easy to operate, saving energy consumption and the advantage such as artificial, and refine molten steel out and can directly carry out continuous casting behaviour
Make, while the refining chamber of the application has a quenched and upgrading effect, therefore use the application device can with alloy smelting steel or
Reclaim beneficial element in molten iron.
In another aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method that use said apparatus smelts ferrous material.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, with reference to Fig. 2, this method includes：
S100：Raw material containing ferrous material, reducing agent and slag former is supplied to fusion zone by feed(raw material)inlet, will be fired
Material is supplied to fusion zone by the first fuel inlet
Specifically, containing ferrous material, reducing agent and slag making by melting the material inlet on locellus top and being added to fusion zone
The mixed material of agent, and it is that molten locellus is supplied to supply the mixture combustion containing combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas by the first fuel inlet
Heat so that ferrous material occurs reduction reaction in fusion zone in the presence of reducing agent and is fusing into melting slag iron Disengagement zone
Slag sluicing system is carried out with slag former effect and obtains melting slag and molten iron, and melting slag is molten on melting slag iron Disengagement zone by being arranged in
Divide slag outlet discharge, and molten iron enters refining chamber through horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the particular type of ferrous material is not particularly restricted, those skilled in the art
It can be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, ferrous material can be DRI
With at least one in steel scrap.Thus, it is possible to realize the efficient utilization of resource.
According to still a further embodiment, the degree of metalization of ferrous material is not particularly restricted, art technology
Personnel can be selected according to actual needs, and according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the degree of metalization of ferrous material can
Think more than 75%.Inventor find, using the degree of metalization ferrous material as steel-making raw material, it is ensured that gained steel
Water has higher quality.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the particular type of slag former is not particularly restricted, people in the art
Member can be selected according to actual needs, according to the present invention a specific embodiment, slag former can be selected from calcium oxide,
At least one of calcirm-fluoride, sodium carbonate, magnesia and silica.Inventor's discovery, can be notable using such slag former
Better than the grade that other types improve gained molten iron.Specifically, calcium oxide (i.e. quick lime) and magnesia are basic anhydride, energy
Enough and acid slag reaction reduction slag melting, while can be with the SiO in molten iron2、Al2O3Reacted Deng impurity and enter slag
In, so as to play a part of purifying molten iron；Calcirm-fluoride and sodium carbonate are strongly alkaline compound, and action principle is with calcium oxide and oxidation
Magnesium, and act on stronger；Silica is acidic oxide, is added when smelting some special steels, for example, needing to retain steel
(such as P, S), which adds silica, during acidic materials in water can farthest protect molten steel middle acid substance not by slag
In CaO consume.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the particle diameter of slag former is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can
To be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the particle diameter of slag former accounts for 90% less than 1mm
More than.Inventor is had found, the grade that other particle diameters improve gained molten iron can be significantly better than using the particle size range.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the particular type of reducing agent is not particularly restricted, people in the art
Member can be selected according to actual needs, according to the present invention a specific embodiment, reducing agent be selected from coal dust, coke powder and
At least one of semi-coke.Inventor has found that can be significantly better than other types using such reducing agent improves ferrous material
Reduction efficiency, so as to improve the grade of gained molten iron.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the particle diameter of reducing agent is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can
To be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the particle diameter of reducing agent accounts for 90% less than 1mm
More than.Inventor is had found, the grade that other particle diameters improve gained molten iron can be significantly better than using the particle size range.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the mixed proportion of ferrous material and slag former, reducing agent is not by special
Limitation, those skilled in the art can be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, chalybeate
Material can be 100 with the mass ratio of slag former, reducing agent：(1~20)：(5~20).Inventor's discovery, the addition of slag former
Relevant with the grade of ferrous material, the more high then slag former addition of grade of ferrous material is fewer, otherwise more；And reducing agent
Addition is relevant with the degree of metalization of ferrous material, and degree of metalization is more high, and the reducing agent added is fewer, otherwise more.Thus,
The grade of molten iron is remarkably improved using ferrous material proposed by the present invention and slag former, the mixed proportion of reducing agent.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the temperature for melting point processing procedure is not particularly restricted, art technology
Personnel can be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, and the temperature of molten office reason can be
1200-1600 degrees Celsius.Inventor has found that can be significantly better than other temperature using the molten point temperature improves going back for ferrous material
Former and melting efficiency, so as to ensure that gained molten iron has higher grade.
S200：Slag former is supplied to fining cell by slag former entrance, by fuel by the second fuel inlet supply to
The fining cell, oxygen is supplied to the fining cell by oxygen lance
Specifically, slag former is added from the slag former entrance on refining chamber top to fining cell, while entering by the second fuel
Mouth supplies the mixture combustion containing combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas for fining cell heat supply, and the oxygen by being arranged on the wall of fining cell side
Oxygen lance is carried out spray oxygen decarburization vanadium extraction processing so that molten iron is carried out after refining treatment by gas spray gun from the insertion of slag former entrance
Slag sluicing system is carried out into vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone and obtains vanadium slag and molten steel, and the vanadium slag isolated is arranged on vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone
Vanadium slag outlet discharge, molten steel be arranged on molten bath molten steel outlet discharge.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the particular type of slag former is not particularly restricted, those skilled in the art
It can be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, slag former can be selected from calcium oxide, life
At least one of lime, calcirm-fluoride, sodium carbonate, magnesia and silica.Inventor has found, uses such slag former can be with
The refining efficiency that other types improve molten iron is significantly better than, so as to obtain high-grade molten steel.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the temperature of refining treatment is not particularly restricted, those skilled in the art
It can be selected according to actual needs, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of refining treatment can be 1200-
1600 degrees Celsius.Inventor has found that the temperature of refining treatment is determined by the steel grade smelted, such as is needed during liquid steel dephosphorization relatively low
Refining temperature could farthest remove phosphorus.Thus, other can be significantly better than using refining temperature proposed by the present invention
Temperature improves the refining efficiency of molten iron, so as to improve the grade of gained molten steel.
The method of smelting ferrous material according to embodiments of the present invention is by using above-mentioned by molten locellus, refining chamber and horizontal
The integrally formed device of furnace bottom so that at the molten office reason of ferrous material generation reduction first in locellus is melted is separated with melting slag iron
Reason, isolated melting slag is arranged at the melting slag outlet discharge on molten locellus, and obtained molten iron enters through horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom
Enter refining chamber, refining treatment and vanadium slag iron separating treatment are carried out to molten iron in the presence of slag former and oxygen lance, steel is obtained
Water and vanadium slag, isolated vanadium slag are arranged at the vanadium slag outlet discharge in refining chamber, so that with the prior art using
Electric furnace or converter are poured into be further processed in refining furnace after ferrous material is melted and compared, and the application need not skim and fall
The operational sequences such as stove, with flow is short, easy to operate, saving energy consumption and the advantage such as artificial, and refine molten steel out can be with
Continuous casting operation is directly carried out, while the refining chamber of the application has quenched and upgrading effect, therefore can using the present processes
With beneficial element in alloy smelting steel or recovery molten iron.It should be noted that the above-mentioned device for smelting ferrous material is retouched
The method that the feature and advantage stated are equally applicable to the smelting ferrous material, here is omitted.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it is necessary to which explanation, these embodiments are only description
Property, without limiting the present invention in any way.
Embodiment
It is more than 90% vanadium ferrotianium by melting the material inlet on locellus top to add 1000kg degree of metalization to fusion zone
Ore deposit DRI, 150kg coke powders and 200g quick limes, and supplied by the first fuel inlet containing natural gas and air
Mixture combustion is molten locellus heat supply, and the temperature of molten locellus rises to 1550 degrees Celsius so that sefstromite DRI is in Jiao
Occur reduction reaction in fusion zone in the presence of powder and be fusing into melting slag iron Disengagement zone and quick lime effect progress slag iron
Isolated melting slag and molten iron, melting slag are exported by the melting slag being arranged on melting slag iron Disengagement zone and discharged, and molten iron
Refining chamber can be entered through horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom under gravity, 50kg is added from the slag former entrance on refining chamber top to fining cell
Calcium oxide, 25kg calcirm-fluoride and 15kg sodium carbonate, while supplying the mixing containing natural gas and air by the second fuel inlet
Gas burning is fining cell heat supply, and oxygen lance is handled so that molten iron from the insertion progress spray oxygen decarburization vanadium extraction of slag former entrance
Carry out obtaining vanadium slag and molten steel into vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone progress slag sluicing system after refining treatment, liquid steel temperature control is taken the photograph 1250
Family name's degree, refining operation is carried out after 0.5h, and the vanadium slag isolated is arranged at the vanadium slag outlet discharge on vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone, molten steel
The molten steel outlet being arranged on molten bath is discharged into rolling link, and can arrange peep-hole on the apparatus, for examining
Survey and fire box temperature and be sampled operation, while in order to maintain refining chamber's temperature stabilization, can be added into molten steel mill scale or
Steel scrap adjusts liquid steel temperature as cooling agent.Iron recovery is more than 95% in the molten steel of final gained, and vanadium recovery is 85%
More than.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means to combine specific features, structure, material or the spy that the embodiment or example are described
Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Identical embodiment or example must be directed to.Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the feature of description can be with office
Combined in an appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, in the case of not conflicting, the skill of this area
Art personnel can be tied the not be the same as Example or the feature of example and non-be the same as Example or example described in this specification
Close and combine.
Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, changed, replacing and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device for smelting ferrous material, it is characterised in that including：
Molten bath is limited in horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom, the horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom；
Fusion zone and melting slag iron Disengagement zone are limited successively from top to bottom in molten locellus, the molten locellus, the molten locellus
Lower end is connected with the upper end at the horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom；
Limit fining cell and vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone in refining chamber, the refining chamber from top to bottom, the lower end of the refining chamber with
The upper end at the horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom is connected；
Oxygen lance, the oxygen lance is arranged in the fining cell；
Material inlet, the material inlet is arranged on the fusion zone；
First fuel inlet, first fuel inlet is arranged on the fusion zone；
Slag former entrance, the slag former entrance is arranged on the fining cell；
Second fuel inlet, second fuel inlet is arranged on the fining cell；
Melting slag is exported, and the melting slag outlet is arranged in the melting slag iron Disengagement zone；
Vanadium slag is exported, and the vanadium slag outlet is arranged in the vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone；
Molten steel outlet, the molten steel outlet is disposed adjacent on the pool side wall of the vanadium slag iron Disengagement zone.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the horizontal chamber furnace (oven) bottom, the molten locellus and the refining chamber
Outer wall on separately arrange furnace lining.
3. device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the furnace lining is using in silica brick, aluminium brick, magnesia brick and carbon brick
At least one of be made.
4. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first fuel inlet be it is multiple, the multiple first
Fuel inlet is arranged on the outer wall of the fusion zone.
5. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that second fuel inlet be it is multiple, the multiple second
Fuel inlet is arranged on the outer wall of the fining cell.
6. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the molten locellus and the refining chamber are located at the horizontal chamber furnace (oven)
The two ends at bottom.
7. a kind of method that device according to any one of claim 1-6 smelts ferrous material, it is characterised in that bag
Include：
Raw material containing ferrous material, reducing agent and slag former is supplied to the fusion zone by the feed(raw material)inlet, will be fired
Material is supplied to the fusion zone by first fuel inlet, so that the ferrous material carries out molten office reason, obtains molten iron
And melting slag；
Slag former is supplied to the fining cell by the slag former entrance, fuel is supplied by second fuel inlet
To the fining cell, oxygen is supplied to the fining cell by the oxygen lance, so that purifying reaction occurs for the molten iron,
Obtain molten steel and vanadium slag.
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the degree of metalization of the ferrous material is more than 75%；
Optional, the ferrous material is at least one in DRI and steel scrap；
It is optional, the slag former be in calcium oxide, quick lime, calcirm-fluoride, sodium carbonate, magnesia and silica extremely
It is one of few；
Optional, the particle diameter of the slag former accounts for more than 90% less than 1mm；
Optional, the reducing agent is selected from least one of coal dust, coke powder and semi-coke；
Optional, the particle diameter of the reducing agent is to account for more than 90% less than 1mm.
9. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the temperature of the molten office reason is Celsius for 1200~1600
Degree；
Optional, the ferrous material is 100 with the mass ratio of the slag former, the reducing agent：(1~20)：(5~20).
10. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the slag former is selected from calcium oxide, quick lime, fluorination
At least one of calcium, sodium carbonate, magnesia and silica；
Optional, the molten iron is 100 with the mass ratio of the slag former：(1~20)；
Optional, the temperature of the refining treatment is 1200~1600 degrees Celsius.
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| CN201710249035.2A CN106957983A (en) | 2017-04-17 | 2017-04-17 | Smelt the apparatus and method of ferrous material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710249035.2A CN106957983A (en) | 2017-04-17 | 2017-04-17 | Smelt the apparatus and method of ferrous material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108441638A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of the molten of vanadium slag useless absolutely divides processing method, vanadium slag and vanadic anhydride |
| CN110117691A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-13 | 中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司 | Dual chamber integral-type electric refining furnaces system and method for making steel |
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| CN105420498A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-23 | 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 | Continuous metallurgic device and metallurgic method |
| CN206721340U (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Smelt the device of ferrous material |
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- 2017-04-17 CN CN201710249035.2A patent/CN106957983A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105420498A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-23 | 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 | Continuous metallurgic device and metallurgic method |
| CN206721340U (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Smelt the device of ferrous material |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108441638A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of the molten of vanadium slag useless absolutely divides processing method, vanadium slag and vanadic anhydride |
| CN110117691A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-13 | 中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司 | Dual chamber integral-type electric refining furnaces system and method for making steel |
| CN110117691B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2024-08-02 | 中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司 | Double-chamber multifunctional integrated refining electric furnace system and steelmaking method |
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