CN113620731A - Deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production wastes - Google Patents
Deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN113620731A CN113620731A CN202111066350.4A CN202111066350A CN113620731A CN 113620731 A CN113620731 A CN 113620731A CN 202111066350 A CN202111066350 A CN 202111066350A CN 113620731 A CN113620731 A CN 113620731A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/993—Arrangements for measuring process parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure or humidity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste treatment, and discloses a deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste. Comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of ferrous salt solution, 1-3 parts of pH regulator and 2-4 parts of assistant. The deodorizing reagent provided by the invention takes ferrous salt as a main component, the ferrous salt is sprayed out through the intelligent deodorizing device when the deodorizing reagent is used, the sprayed deodorizing reagent is in a mist shape, ammonia nitrogen gas in the air and ferrous salt water solution can generate ferrous sulfate ammonia sediment and other substances, hydrogen sulfide can react with the ferrous salt to generate ferrous sulfide sediment, sulfide gas can also react with the ferrous salt to generate ferrous sulfide sediment, and the sediment falls onto a fermentation pile under the action of a water curtain, so that peculiar smell in the air is eliminated, fertilizer components such as ammonia nitrogen and the like are returned to compost, and the added ferrous sulfate is also a nutrient element with larger plant demand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste treatment, in particular to an intelligent deodorization and nitrogen protection device for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, crop planting is always the root of the sustainable development of China, and a large amount of auxiliary products are produced in the production process of agriculture, forestry and livestock, wherein: the straw is the by-product with highest yield and most varieties in crops. Relevant studies have shown that: the yield of the straws in China is about 7.97 hundred million tons in 2020. Because of the limitations of collection mode, utilization technology and transportation cost, incineration and abandonment become main treatment modes, which not only causes environmental pollution and serious resource waste, but also has pathogenic bacteria, worm eggs, heavy metals, antibiotics and the like which are not beneficial to crop growth and human health.
Common methods for treating agricultural, forestry and livestock production wastes in China mainly comprise feed conversion, fertilizer conversion, energy conversion, matrix conversion and the like, wherein: the comprehensive utilization rate of the straws reaches more than 85 percent, and the fertilizer utilization of the straws accounts for about 50 percent of the whole utilization scale. The microorganism is the soul of fermentation treatment of agricultural and forestry animal production waste, the protein and amino acid in the fermentation base material are decarboxylated and deaminated under the action of the microorganism to generate the peculiar smell, and the odor concentration can reach 5000-. The odor components are mainly mixture of ammonia, sulfide, amine and some lower fatty acids. Different raw materials are used for composting, and odor components emitted in the fermentation process are different.
At present, three methods for treating odor gas in fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste are mainly used: physical, chemical and biological methods. Wherein: the physical method comprises the following steps: the method adopts proper ventilation and regular stack turning, and uses water washing or uses material with adsorption capacity to adsorb and deodorize odor. The chemical method comprises the following steps: the core technology is that one or more chemicals of calcium superphosphate, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid are mixed in the compost, and the chemicals are utilized to carry out chemical absorption deodorization. In addition, there has to be mentioned a chemical method in which odor is directly subjected to catalytic combustion. Biological method, which converts part of the odor from gas phase to liquid phase, and makes the odor dissolved in water absorbed through the cell wall and cell membrane of microorganism. The water insoluble odor is temporarily attached to the outside of the microorganism, the extracellular enzyme secreted by the microorganism is decomposed into soluble substances, and then the soluble substances permeate into the cells, and after the odor enters the cells, the odor is decomposed and utilized as nutrient substances in the body of the microorganism, so that the odor is removed.
The three methods, although widely used, also expose some problems in practical use. Physical methods have high requirements for ventilation and the introduced air must be pre-purified. Otherwise, the matched adsorbent is easy to block and lose efficacy. The chemical method has the problem of secondary pollution and general purification efficiency. The most difficult of the chemical methods using odor-catalyzed combustion is the catalyst selection and the prevention of catalyst poisoning problems. The application of the biological method has time and geographical region limitation, because the activity temperature of the microorganism bacteria is 10-40 ℃, and the biological method cannot be applied in winter in cold regions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production wastes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of ferrous salt solution, 1-3 parts of pH regulator and 2-4 parts of assistant.
Further, the pH regulator regulates the pH of the deodorizing agent to 4 to 6, and the pH regulator contains citric acid or oxalic acid.
Further, the ferrous salt in the ferrous salt solution comprises ferrous sulfate or ferrous chloride.
Further, the auxiliary agent comprises any one or more of a wetting agent, a dispersing agent and a foaming agent.
Further, when the deodorization reagent is used for deodorization of industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production wastes, an intelligent deodorization device is adopted for spraying, and the intelligent deodorization device comprises:
a plurality of odor detection devices arranged on the fermentation pile;
a plurality of spraying devices arranged in the fermentation tank, wherein the deodorization reagent water curtain sprayed by the spraying devices can cover the fermentation pile;
and the intelligent control device is connected with the smell detection device and the spraying device in a communication way and is used for receiving the data obtained by the smell detection device and controlling the opening and the disconnection of the spraying device.
Further, the intelligent deodorization apparatus further comprises:
the dispensing device is connected with the spraying device and is used for configuring a deodorizing reagent;
and the medicine storage device is connected between the medicine dispensing device and the spraying system and is used for storing the prepared deodorizing reagent.
Further, the odor detection device comprises an ammonia nitrogen detection probe, a hydrogen sulfide detection probe and an organic volatile matter detection probe.
Further, intelligence deodorizing device still contains handheld monitoring devices for monitoring stink material content in the fermentation process.
Further, the intelligent deodorization device further comprises a lifting device used for extracting the deodorization reagent.
The invention has the following effects:
the deodorizing reagent provided by the invention takes ferrous salt as a main component, the ferrous salt is sprayed out through the intelligent deodorizing device when the deodorizing reagent is used, the sprayed deodorizing reagent is in a mist shape, ammonia nitrogen gas in the air and ferrous salt water solution can generate ferrous sulfate ammonia sediment and other substances, hydrogen sulfide can react with the ferrous salt to generate ferrous sulfide sediment, sulfide gas can also react with the ferrous salt to generate ferrous sulfide sediment, and the sediment falls onto a fermentation pile under the action of a water curtain, so that peculiar smell in the air is eliminated, fertilizer components such as ammonia nitrogen and the like are returned to compost, and the added ferrous sulfate is also a nutrient element with larger plant demand. Because the spraying water curtain works at short intervals, the required water quantity is very small, and secondary pollution such as the flow of the night in the fermentation pile can not be caused.
The intelligent deodorization device designed by the invention can automatically detect the content of odor components in the fermentation process through the cooperative operation of the odor detection device, the intelligent control device and the spraying device, and realizes the braking control of the starting and the closing of the spraying system, and the deodorization reagent sprayed out after the spraying system is started is sprayed on a fermentation pile and reacts with odor substances, thereby achieving the purposes of deodorization and nitrogen protection.
Whole device automatic operation can realize deodorizing nitrogen protection effectively, does not need artifical real-time operation, and is efficient, and deodorizing nitrogen protection is effectual.
The odor detection device can detect odor components such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and organic volatile matters generated in the fermentation pile, has certain targeted operability, and can increase or reduce the number or types of sensors according to actual needs if fermentation materials are correspondingly changed.
Through setting up intelligent control device, can contrast the foul smell composition data that smell detection device obtained with the foul smell composition content threshold value that sets up in advance, realize closing and the control of opening spray set. Namely, the spraying device is started when the odor component data obtained by the probe exceeds the set threshold value, and the spraying device is closed when the odor component data obtained by the probe is lower than the set threshold value.
The preparation of the deodorizing reagent is realized according to the formula of the deodorizing reagent by the arranged dispensing device; and meanwhile, the device is also provided with a medicine storage device for storing the prepared deodorizing reagent.
By arranging the monitoring device, the real-time monitoring and recording of the contents of ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and the like are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an intelligent deodorizing and nitrogen-retaining device for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a fermentation tank, 2 is a fermentation pile, 3 is an odor detection device, 4 is a spraying device, 5 is an intelligent control device, 6 is a medicine storage device, and 7 is a medicine dispensing device.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, and it should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The invention is susceptible to numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations by those skilled in the art in view of the foregoing disclosure.
The invention provides a deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production wastes, which mainly comprises ferrous salt, wherein the deodorizing reagent is sprayed out by an intelligent deodorizing device when in use, the sprayed deodorizing reagent is in a mist shape, so that ammonia nitrogen gas in the air and ferrous salt water solution can generate ferrous sulfate ammonia precipitate and other substances, hydrogen sulfide can react with the ferrous salt to generate ferrous sulfide precipitate, sulfide gas can also react with the ferrous salt to generate ferrous sulfide precipitate, the precipitates fall onto a fermentation pile under the action of a water curtain, the peculiar smell in the air is eliminated, fertilizer components such as ammonia nitrogen and the like are returned into compost, and the added ferrous sulfate is also a nutrient element with larger plant demand. Because the spraying water curtain works at short intervals, the required water quantity is very small, and secondary pollution such as the flow of the night in the fermentation pile can not be caused.
The deodorization principle of the deodorization reagent of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
Fe2++2NH3→NH4 ++ Fe(NH4)2
Fe2++ H2S→FeS +2H+
the fermentation process of agricultural, forestry and animal production wastes is generally finished after 24-40 days, in order to prevent the ferrous component in the prepared ferrous sulfate aqueous solution from being oxidized, the project is tested, citric acid is selected as a reducing agent, the PH of the prepared ferrous sulfate dilute solution is mainly controlled below 6, and preferably 4-6, so that the prepared ferrous sulfate aqueous solution can be ensured not to be oxidized for a long time.
One embodiment of the invention provides a deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production wastes, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of ferrous salt solution, 1-3 parts of pH regulator and 2-4 parts of assistant. The pH-adjusting agent adjusts the pH of the deodorizing agent to preferably 4 to 6, and the pH-adjusting agent contains citric acid or oxalic acid.
In an alternative embodiment the ferrous salt in the ferrous salt solution comprises ferrous sulfate or ferrous chloride.
In an alternative embodiment, the adjuvant comprises any one or more of a wetting agent, a dispersing agent and a foaming agent. It is to be noted that the wetting agents, dispersing agents and foaming agents used in the present invention are commercially available and commonly used chemical agents.
It should be noted that, in the examples of the present invention, "parts" means "parts by weight".
In order to better understand the technical scheme provided by the invention, the following describes a plurality of specific examples respectively applying the deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production wastes provided by the above embodiment of the invention, namely a specific using method.
Example 1 for explaining a concrete structure of an intelligent deodorizing device
In the embodiment, a rapid intelligent deodorization device which is suitable for fermentation scale is designed on the basis of an intelligent fermentation factory for processing 10 ten thousand tons of agricultural, forestry and livestock organic wastes in one year, and the method is as follows.
Intelligent deodorization nitrogen retaining device contains: a plurality of odor detection devices 3 arranged on the fermentation pile 2; the system mainly selects sensors of ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, organic volatile matters and the like as a matching to detect peculiar smell gases in a fermentation workshop, and after the types of the sensors are determined through small-scale comparison, the sensors are purchased, installed, debugged and used in batches. The number and types of the sensors can be increased according to actual needs.
The plurality of spraying devices 4 arranged on the fermentation tank 1 are arranged at intervals along two sides of the organic waste industrial fermentation groove, the deodorizing reagent water curtain sprayed by the spraying devices 4 can cover the fermentation pile 2 and can form an even water curtain, and the escape of peculiar smell gas to the surrounding environment is reduced as much as possible.
And the intelligent control device 5 is connected with the smell detection device 3 and the spraying device 4 in a communication way and is used for receiving the data obtained by the smell detection device 3 and controlling the opening and the disconnection of the spraying device 4. The intelligent control device is selected from the existing system which can realize intelligent control on at least humidity, oxygen content, PH and temperature sensors. The threshold values of the contents of odor components such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and organic volatile matters are preset in the intelligent control device, so that the spraying device is started and closed in real time.
The dispensing device 7 is connected with the spraying device 4 and is used for configuring a deodorizing reagent; corresponding chemical reagents are selected according to a chemical deodorization principle, a quick deodorization nitrogen retention agent formula is determined through a pilot test, and the volume of the dispensing device is designed according to the use concentration and the dosage.
And the medicine storage device 6 is connected between the dispensing device 7 and the spraying system 4 and used for storing the prepared deodorizing reagent, and the volume of the medicine storage device is designed according to the dosage of the quick deodorizing and nitrogen-retaining liquid required in the annual 10 ten thousand tons of organic fertilizer fermentation process.
The device also comprises a lifting device for extracting the deodorizing agent, and the used lifting device is a commercially available submersible pump.
In order to enable the fermentation workshop to reflect the effect of rapid deodorization and nitrogen preservation more scientifically, the fermentation workshop further comprises a handheld monitoring module for monitoring the content of odorous substances in the fermentation process, such as a handheld ammonia nitrogen monitoring instrument, a hydrogen sulfide monitoring instrument and the like.
The operation principle of the embodiment is as follows: set up a plurality of odor detection device that can detect ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, organic volatile matter etc. in the fermentation heap, odor detection device conveys the data that detect to intelligent control device, carry out contrastive analysis with the stink composition content threshold value that sets up in intelligent control device, the realization is to spray set's start-up or closing, can spray out deodorizing reagent after spray set starts, the even water curtain that sprays that forms can cover all fermentate piles, spun deodorizing reagent descends to react with stink composition on the fermentation heap and reaches deodorant effect.
Example 2 to illustrate the preparation and use of deodorizing Agents
The deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of farm, forest and animal production waste contains ferrous sulfate 1-5 weight portions and citric acid 1 weight portion, and has pH of 5.3.
The configuration method comprises the following steps: ferrous sulfate and citric acid are weighed according to the formula, dissolved in 100 kilograms of water, fully and uniformly stirred, and can be used after being completely dissolved. That is, the dispensing device in the intelligent deodorization device in embodiment 1 is configured according to the formula and then stored in the medicine storage device, and when the odor component in the fermentation pile is higher than the preset threshold value, the intelligent control device starts the spraying device and the lifting device, and uniformly sprays the deodorization reagent in the fermentation pile.
Example 3
The deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste contains ferrous sulfate 4 weight portions, citric acid 2 weight portions, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether 1 weight portions and sodium lignosulfonate 1 weight portion.
Methods of configuration and use reference example 2.
Example 4
The deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste contains ferrous chloride 5 weight portions, oxalic acid 2 weight portions, alkylphenol ethoxylate 1 weight portion, and butyl sodium naphthalenesulfonate 2 weight portions.
Methods of configuration and use reference example 2.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production wastes is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of ferrous salt solution, 1-3 parts of pH regulator and 2-4 parts of assistant.
2. The deodorizing agent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH adjusting agent adjusts the pH of the deodorizing agent to 4-6, and the pH adjusting agent comprises citric acid or oxalic acid.
3. The deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ferrous salt in the ferrous salt solution comprises ferrous sulfate or ferrous chloride.
4. The deodorizing agent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises any one or more of a wetting agent, a dispersing agent and a foaming agent.
5. The deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural and forestry and animal production waste according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the deodorizing reagent is sprayed by an intelligent deodorizing device for deodorizing industrial fermentation of agricultural and forestry and animal production waste, the intelligent deodorizing device comprising:
a plurality of odor detection devices arranged on the fermentation pile;
a plurality of spraying devices arranged in the fermentation tank, wherein the deodorization reagent water curtain sprayed by the spraying devices can cover the fermentation pile;
and the intelligent control device is connected with the smell detection device and the spraying device in a communication way and is used for receiving the data obtained by the smell detection device and controlling the opening and the disconnection of the spraying device.
6. The deodorizing agent for industrial fermentation of agricultural and forestry animal production waste according to claim 5, wherein said intelligent deodorizing means further comprises:
the dispensing device is connected with the spraying device and is used for configuring a deodorizing reagent;
and the medicine storage device is connected between the medicine dispensing device and the spraying system and is used for storing the prepared deodorizing reagent.
7. The deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein the odor detecting means comprises an ammonia nitrogen detecting probe, a hydrogen sulfide detecting probe and an organic volatile matter detecting probe.
8. The deodorizing reagent for industrial fermentation of agricultural, forestry and animal production waste as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein said intelligent deodorizing device further comprises a hand-held monitoring device for monitoring the content of odorous substances in the fermentation process.
9. The deodorizing agent for industrial fermentation of agricultural and forestry and animal production waste according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the intelligent deodorizing device further comprises a lifting device for extracting the deodorizing agent.
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2021
- 2021-09-13 CN CN202111066350.4A patent/CN113620731A/en active Pending
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| CN104189934A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-10 | 安徽工业大学 | Chemical type deodorant for waste transfer station and preparation method thereof |
| CN106729914A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州倍儿壮养殖装备科技有限公司 | A kind of odor removal |
| CN109675411A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-26 | 无锡威士德气体净化科技有限公司 | A kind of compound deodorizer and its preparation method and application removing kitchen garbage stench |
| CN212790486U (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-03-26 | 温氏食品集团股份有限公司 | Deodorization simulation device for fermentation shed |
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Application publication date: 20211109 |