CN113620551B - Biological dehydration reduction method for sludge at low temperature - Google Patents
Biological dehydration reduction method for sludge at low temperature Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/10—Temperature conditions for biological treatment
- C02F2301/103—Psychrophilic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a sludge biological dehydration reduction method at low temperature, which comprises the following steps: step 1), culturing cold-resistant sludge high-efficiency biological predation microbial conditioner bacterial liquid, and preparing the bacterial liquid into solid bacterial powder; step 2) adjusting the concentration of the sludge, step 3) inoculating a cold-resistant efficient biological predation microorganism conditioning microbial inoculum of the sludge into the sludge, uniformly stirring and mixing, and then carrying out microorganism conditioning treatment on the sludge, and dehydrating by adopting a plate-and-frame filter press after conditioning. The invention solves the problems that the existing biological and chemical dehydration technology at low temperature has poor treatment effect, the chemical dehydration technology can reduce the heat value of sludge, cause secondary pollution, and improve the treatment cost of sludge. The water content of the mud cake obtained by the invention is below 60%, the mud cake has the mud dry matter reduction effect of above 10%, the original heat value of the mud can be maintained, the operation is convenient, the environment is high-efficiency, the safety and the reliability are realized, the cost is low, and the mud dewatering treatment and the subsequent mud disposal cost can be directly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sludge dewatering and reducing method, in particular to a biological sludge dewatering and reducing method at low temperature, and belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment.
Background
At present, an activated sludge system is commonly used in a sewage/wastewater treatment plant, and can generate byproduct surplus sludge (the water content is higher than 99%), wherein the surplus sludge contains pathogens, heavy metals, organic pollutants and other toxic substances, and if the surplus sludge is not properly treated, the surplus sludge can pose a threat to the environment and human health. With the gradual perfection of environmental protection related laws and regulations and the continuous improvement of sewage discharge standards, sewage treatment capacity rises year by year, and sludge yield also rises with the rise of discharge standards, so that a large amount of sludge is generated. The residual sludge contains pathogens, heavy metals, organic pollutants and other toxic substances, and if the residual sludge is not properly treated, the residual sludge can harm the environment and human health.
The main final disposal modes of the sludge are incineration, sanitary landfill, land utilization, aerobic composting, building material utilization and the like, and the disposal modes all need effective dehydration of the sludge. Most of the conventional dehydration processes at present are chemical agent conditioning and mechanical dehydration, and a large amount of chemical agents are needed to be used, so that the content of solid matters in dehydrated sludge is increased, the heat value of the sludge is reduced more, the treatment cost is higher, secondary pollution is easy to cause, and the subsequent sludge disposal is not facilitated. In general, the flocculation effect is deteriorated when the water temperature is lowered, so that the dehydration efficiency of the chemical agent is deteriorated under the low temperature condition in winter. The low temperature in winter causes the activated sludge to produce more Extracellular Polymer (EPS) to maintain active functioning. The viscosity of the activated sludge is increased by the increased EPS, the corresponding dehydration problem is caused by the increase of the viscosity of the sludge, the washing difficulty of a filter belt of a belt filter press is increased by the increased viscosity of the sludge, and the phenomena of the sludge leakage of the filter belt and the like are caused; the adhesion of the sludge of the plate-and-frame filter press to the filter cloth is increased, and an initial mucous layer is formed rapidly, so that more water is prevented from being filtered out of the filter cloth; after the viscosity of the sludge is increased, gaps between the dynamic ring and the static ring of the concentration section are stuck together, so that the water in the sludge is not smoothly discharged, and the water content of a sludge cake is increased; the centrifugal effect of the centrifugal machine is also affected by the increase of viscosity to be poor, and the liquid ring is thinned, so that the water content of the mud cake is increased. In order to eliminate the adverse effects of low temperature on the sludge dewatering performance and the flocculation effect of the chemical agent, the adding amount of the chemical agent is increased at low temperature, so that the problems caused by using the chemical agent are more serious, and the cost is increased again.
Compared with chemical method, biological method has the advantages of green environmental protection and no secondary pollution. However, there have been few studies on sludge dewatering at low temperature in winter using microorganisms, because the growth and activity of microorganisms at low temperature are limited, thereby causing the effective biological method at normal temperature to fail at low temperature. Therefore, in order to establish an economical and environment-friendly sludge dewatering process at a low temperature, it is very necessary to develop a cold-resistant sludge efficient biological predatory microbial agent capable of improving sludge dewatering performance even at a low temperature.
Cold-resistant microorganisms have been widely studied in the field of environmental protection, such as denitrification and dephosphorization of sewage using cold-resistant bacteria, degradation of petroleum using cold-resistant bacteria, degradation of carbamazepine using cold-resistant bacteria, and the like. Bdellovibrio organisms and myxobacteria are grazing gram-negative bacteria which grow on predatory host bacteria and have predatory effect on partial gram-positive bacteria under specific conditions. The microbial agent is widely applied to environments such as lakes, oceans, soil, sewage treatment plants and the like, is detected, and has predation effect which is not affected by drug resistance, and residual problem is avoided, so that pathogenic bacteria in residual sludge can be killed to a certain extent, and animal cells are not infected. Meanwhile, the EPS is used as an energy source, so that the negative influence on the sludge dewatering performance caused by the increase of the EPS content at a low temperature is reduced. In summary, the grazing microorganism has the advantages of no toxicity, no harm, safety, reliability, no secondary pollution and the like, so the cold-resistant strain in the microorganism has wide application prospect in sludge dewatering reduction at low temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a biological sludge dewatering and reducing technical method at low temperature, and belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment. The low temperature range of the invention is 4-15 ℃. The dehydration conditioning method widely used at present is a chemical method, and the use of chemical agents is easy to cause the problems of greatly increased solid content of dehydrated sludge, greatly reduced heat value of sludge, high treatment cost, secondary pollution generation, adverse subsequent sludge treatment and the like. The low temperature in winter can cause the increase of EPS content in the sludge, the increase of viscosity and the deterioration of dehydration performance. Meanwhile, the solubility and dissolution rate of the chemical agent are reduced due to the low temperature, so that the addition amount of the chemical agent is further increased, and the problem caused by using the chemical agent is more serious. Therefore, the biological sludge dewatering method with the advantages of environment friendliness, simplicity, high efficiency, economy and the like is more suitable for sludge dewatering at low temperature. However, the efficient sludge bio-dehydration method at normal temperature also loses its effectiveness at low temperature due to the reduced enzymatic activity of microorganisms at low temperature, reduced propagation and metabolism rates, and a change in the structure of sludge microorganism flora at low temperature. In order to solve the problems, the invention prepares the composite microbial agent based on the characteristics of the cold-resistant sludge efficient biological predatory microbial conditioning microbial agent and puts the prepared microbial powder which is easy to transport and use into use. The prey capability of the cold-resistant microbial agent on microorganisms in the sludge damages a sludge floc structure and an internal microbial cell membrane structure, intracellular water and tightly bound water which cannot be removed by mechanical filter pressing are released, and the added microbial agent can simultaneously use EPS as an energy source of the microbial agent so as to reduce the EPS content of the sludge, thereby greatly improving the dehydration performance of the sludge at low temperature, and simultaneously the biological effect can reduce the solid concentration (SS) of the sludge so as to realize the real green efficient dehydration reduction of the sludge. According to the technical scheme, the sludge is treated by adopting the efficient biological predatory microorganism conditioning microbial inoculum, the dewatering capacity of the sludge is obviously improved, the water content of a mud cake obtained after filter pressing by a plate-and-frame filter press is below 60%, the dry mass of the sludge is reduced by more than 10%, and the original heat value of the sludge can be maintained. The invention solves the problems that the existing biological and chemical dehydration technology at low temperature (4-15 ℃) has poor treatment effect, the chemical dehydration technology can reduce the heat value of sludge, cause secondary pollution, improve the treatment cost of sludge, and the like. The method has the advantages of convenient operation, environment friendliness, high efficiency, safety, reliability and low treatment cost, and can directly reduce the cost of sludge dewatering treatment and subsequent sludge treatment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows, and the sludge biological dehydration reduction method at low temperature is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1), culturing cold-resistant sludge high-efficiency biological predation microbial conditioner bacterial liquid, and preparing the bacterial liquid into solid bacterial powder;
step 2) adjusting the concentration of sludge;
and 3) inoculating the cold-resistant efficient biological predation microbial conditioning agent for the sludge into the sludge, uniformly stirring and mixing, and then carrying out microbial conditioning treatment on the sludge, and dehydrating by adopting a plate-and-frame filter press after conditioning. The low temperature range of the invention is 4-15 ℃. According to the technical scheme, the cold-resistant type sludge high-efficiency biological predation microorganism conditioning microbial inoculum is adopted to treat the sludge, the sludge dewatering performance is obviously improved, the water content of a sludge cake obtained by filter pressing of a plate-and-frame filter press is below 60%, the sludge dry matter reduction effect is achieved by more than 10%, and the original heat value of the sludge can be maintained.
As an improvement of the invention, the cold-resistant type sludge efficient biological predatory microbial conditioning agent in the step 1) can grow and reproduce in the temperature range of 4-35 ℃, and has the effects of predating sludge in the temperature range of 4-15 ℃, improving the sludge dewatering performance and reducing the sludge fixed concentration (SS), and the capability of the microbial agent for predating the sludge can be enhanced along with the increase of the reaction temperature. The cold-resistant type efficient biological predatory microbial conditioner for the sludge in the step 1) can utilize EPS in the sludge as an energy substance for growth and propagation, and the EPS is utilized to reduce the viscosity of the sludge and improve the dehydration performance while the sludge is predated.
As an improvement of the invention, the viable bacteria of the cold-tolerant sludge efficient biological predatory microbial conditioning agent in the step 1) at least comprise one or more predatory bacteria of cold-tolerant Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, cold-tolerant Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and cold-tolerant myxobacteria, and one or more of Klebsiella, lactobacillus group, escherichia coli group, gram-positive actinomycetes group, bacillus pumilus, cellulomonas, sphingobacteria group, bacteroides group, flavobacterium group, beta-amoebobacteria group, gamma-amoebobacteria group and delta-amoebobacteria group are included as inducing bacteria.
As an improvement of the invention, the method for culturing and fermenting the cold-resistant sludge efficient biological predatory microorganism conditioning microbial inoculum in the step 1) comprises the following steps:
(a) Preparation of an induced bacterial liquid: one or more bacteria including Klebsiella, lactobacillus group, colibacillus group, gram positive actinomycete group, bacillus pumilus, cellulomonas, sphingolipid bacillus group, bacteroides group, flavobacterium group, beta-amoebocyte group, gamma-amoebocyte group and delta-amoebocyte group are respectively inoculated into fermentation culture solution as inducing bacteria, and the fermentation culture solution is subjected to aerobic culture for 12-36 hours at 20-35 ℃, wherein the formula of the fermentation culture solution is 5-20g/L peptone, 5-10g/L beef extract, 5-20g/L sodium chloride and pH=6.0-8.0. After the culture is finished, respectively centrifugally collecting bacterial sediment, washing for 3 times, re-suspending with sterilized tap water sediment, and mixing the re-suspended different induced bacterial liquids in equal volumes and inactivating;
(b) Preparing cold-resistant predatory bacterial liquid: adding the induced strain obtained in the step (a) into a cold-resistant predatory bacteria culture solution to ensure that the concentration range of the induced strain is 10 9 —10 10 CFU/mL, and inoculating cold-resistant predatory bacteria, and performing aerobic culture at 8-15deg.C for 48-96 hr to obtain predatory bacteria with viable count of 10 8 Mixing different predatory bacteria bacterial solutions with equal volumes above PFU/mL;
(c) Preparing cold-resistant predatory microorganism freeze-dried powder: adding the mixed inactivated induced bacteria obtained in the step (a) into the cold-resistant predatory bacteria bacterial liquid obtained in the step (b) according to the proportion of 1-10% (v/v), aerobically culturing for 18-24 h, adding 1-3% (v/v) glycerol, uniformly mixing, and adding a carrier according to the proportion of 1:1-1:2 (v/v). One or more of skimmed milk powder, diatomite, mannitol and trehalose are dissolved in sterile pure water to form a carrier solution, and the mass concentration of the skimmed milk powder, the diatomite, the mannitol and the trehalose in the carrier solution is 0-30%, 0-25%, 0-10% and 0-10% respectively. After the carrier solution and the bacterial liquid are evenly mixed, the pre-freezing treatment is carried out for 2 to 6 hours at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ to minus 40 ℃, the pre-freezing beam is dried for 48 to 72 hours in vacuum, the water content of the finally obtained microbial inoculum solid powder is 1 to 8 weight percent, and the concentration range of the live bacteria of the grazing bacteria is 10 10 -10 12 PFU/mL。
As an improvement of the invention, the sludge concentration is regulated in the step 2), and the sludge concentration is regulated to 10-50g/L.
As an improvement of the invention, the cold-resistant microbial powder in the step 3) is inoculated into the pretreated sludge, the inoculation amount is 0.001 per mill-1% v/v of the volume of the sludge, wherein the final concentration of the cold-resistant predatory bacteria in the sludge is determined according to the viscosity of the sludge, the higher the viscosity of the sludge is, the higher the concentration of the bacteria is, and the calculation formula is as followsThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The bacterial concentration unit is pfu/mL, and the viscosity unit is mpa.s; inoculating the cold-resistant microbial powder in the step 3) into the pretreated sludge, and adding once when the viscosity is less than or equal to 3000 mpa.s; when the viscosity of the sludge is higher than 3000 mpa.s, the sludge needs to be added for a plurality of times, and the sludge is added once every 4 hours, and the adding amount of each time is 3000 mpa.s.
As an improvement of the invention, in the step 3), the bacterial powder and the sludge are uniformly mixed by stirring, the stirring speed is 200-500rpm, the stirring time is 5-10 minutes, the microbial conditioning of the sludge is carried out after the uniform stirring and mixing, the microbial conditioning reaction time is 10-16 hours, and the continuous stirring is required in the conditioning process, and the stirring speed is 50-300rpm.
As an improvement of the invention, in the step 3), cold-resistant microbial powder is inoculated into the sludge, the microbial conditioning of the sludge is carried out after the microbial conditioning reaction time is 10-16h after the microbial conditioning reaction time is uniformly mixed, aeration is needed in the conditioning process, the aeration quantity is 0.05-0.5m < 3 >/(h.kg of sludge), the aeration switch is controlled by the dissolved oxygen concentration of a reaction system, the dissolved oxygen concentration range is 0.5-5mg/L, if the dissolved oxygen concentration is lower than 0.5mg/L, the aeration is started, and if the dissolved oxygen concentration is higher than 5mg/L, the aeration is stopped.
As an improvement of the invention, in the step 3), the conditioned sludge is introduced into a plate-and-frame filter press for press filtration and dehydration to obtain dehydrated mud cakes with the water content lower than 60%, and the operating conditions of the plate-and-frame filter press are as follows: the pressure of primary filter pressing is 0.4-0.8MPa, and the time is 1.5-2.5 hours; the pressure of the secondary filter pressing is 1.2-1.6MPa, the time is 0.5-1.5 hours, and the secondary filter pressing can be correspondingly adjusted according to the actual situation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) According to the technical scheme, cold-resistant sludge high-efficiency biological predation microbial agent is adopted for conditioning sludge, the dewatering capacity of the sludge is obviously improved, the water content of a sludge cake after filter pressing by a plate-and-frame filter press is below 60%, the sludge is reduced by more than 10%, and the heat value of the sludge is not reduced;
2) The method has the advantages of convenient operation, greenness, high efficiency, safety, reliability and low treatment cost, avoids the problems of secondary pollution, heat value reduction, sludge cake increase and the like caused by overlarge dosage of the chemical conditioner in winter, reduces the treatment pressure of subsequent treatment and can directly reduce the cost of sludge dewatering treatment and subsequent sludge treatment;
3) The invention has better predation effect at low temperature in winter, and solves the problem that the existing microorganism method has poor effect at low temperature;
4) The method does not need an external heat source, has small dosage and low cost, and greatly saves energy and cost;
5) The scheme uses solid fungus powder instead of fungus liquid, thereby greatly reducing the medicament transportation space and cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparison of changes in capillary water absorption time (CST) of a cold tolerant microbial agent conditioned sludge under the experimental conditions of case 1
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison of changes in capillary water absorption time (CST) of a cold tolerant microbial agent conditioned sludge under the experimental conditions of case 2
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparison of changes in capillary water absorption time (CST) of a cold tolerant microbial agent conditioned sludge under the experimental conditions of case 3
Fig. 4 is a schematic process flow diagram of pilot scale tests performed in winter sewage treatment plants by the technical method of the present invention.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
in order to enhance the understanding of the present invention, the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The cold-resistant microbial agent is used as a conditioner for improving the dewatering and decrement performances of municipal sludge, and the production mode of municipal sewage treatment plants is that the cold-resistant microbial agent is added into the residual sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plants for mixed culture treatment. The method is suitable for improving the dewatering and reducing efficiency of residual sludge generated in the low-temperature running process of common municipal sewage biological treatment processes such as AAO, oxidation ditch, MBR and the like in winter, and is suitable for a sludge homogenizing tank, a sludge concentrating tank or a secondary sedimentation tank at the adding point.
Embodiment case 1:
referring to FIG. 1, the sludge is conditioned in a laboratory by the method, the treated sludge is homogenized Chi Wuni generated by treating municipal sewage by using an Obeli oxidation ditch technology in winter, and the initial concentration of the sludge is 6455+/-55 mg/L.
(1) Preparation of cold-resistant sludge efficient biological predation microbial conditioner bacterial powder
Preparing cold-resistant microbial powder in advance, wherein the live bacteria concentration of grazing bacteria in the cold-resistant microbial powder reaches 10 10 pfu/mL。
(2) Adjustment of sludge concentration
Placing the sludge at 4 ℃ for natural gravity sedimentation, discarding supernatant to obtain concentrated sludge, wherein the concentration (MLSS) of the concentrated sludge is 21455 +/-35 mg/L, the pH value of the sludge is 6.98+/-0.05, the temperature of the sludge is 4 ℃, stirring the sludge uniformly, and then sub-packaging the sludge into 6 conical bottles of 250mL, wherein each conical bottle is filled with 100mL of sludge. The viscosity of the sludge is 96.4 mpa.s, and the primary microbial inoculum is added.
(3) Addition of cold-resistant microbial agent and conditioning of sludge
The experiment is divided into a cold-resistant microbial agent group and a blank control group. All the original sludge of the cold-resistant microbial agent group and the blank control group are pretreated sludge of the same batch.
Three 100mL sludge of the blank control group are three parallel samples, 10mL ultrapure water is added into the sludge, and the mixture is uniformly mixed; three 100mL of cold-resistant microbial agents are three parallel samples, and 1mL of cold-resistant microbial agents are added into the sludge and uniformly mixed.
Placing the cold-resistant microbial agent group and the blank control group into a shaking table at the temperature of 4 ℃ and the speed of 150rpm for culturing to condition the sludge, uniformly mixing the sludge in the conical flask every 4 hours, taking out the sludge, and measuring the capillary water absorption time of the sludge, wherein the detection result is shown in figure 1.
(4) Detection result
Sludge capillary water absorption time is commonly used for characterizing sludge dewatering performance, and refers to the time required for water in sludge to permeate 10mm on water-absorbing filter paper due to capillary action. The filter shows the filtering performance of free water in the sludge, shows the speed of sludge dehydration, and the filtering dehydration performance of the sludge is deteriorated along with the increase of capillary water absorption time. As can be seen from FIG. 1, in the process of mixing, culturing and conditioning the sludge and the cold-resistant microbial agent, the capillary water absorption time at 16h is reduced to the minimum, and the maximum cold-resistant microbial agent conditioning can reduce the capillary water absorption time of the sludge by 20.8 percent, which is 12.1 percent higher than that of a blank control. At the same time, the viscosity of the sludge and the MLSS were measured at the beginning and 16 hours, and the reduction of the viscosity of the sludge was 30.6%, and the reduction rate of the MLSS was 10.2%. Therefore, the cold-resistant microbial agent disclosed by the invention is added into the sludge at the low temperature of 4 ℃ to improve the dehydration performance of the sludge in the oxidation ditch process, has a sludge reduction effect, and can achieve the purpose of sludge dehydration reduction.
Embodiment case 2:
the reaction temperature in this case was 10 ℃. Referring to FIG. 2, the sludge is conditioned in a laboratory by the method, the treated sludge is MBR Chi Wuni generated by treating municipal sewage by an MBR process in winter, and the initial concentration of the sludge is 7245+/-85 mg/L.
(1) Preparation of cold-resistant sludge efficient biological predation microbial conditioner bacterial powder
Preparing cold-resistant microbial powder in advance, wherein the live bacteria concentration of grazing bacteria in the cold-resistant microbial powder reaches 10 10 pfu/mL。
(2) Adjustment of sludge concentration
Placing the sludge at 10 ℃ for natural gravity sedimentation, discarding supernatant to obtain concentrated sludge, wherein the concentration (MLSS) of the concentrated sludge is 20125+/-35 mg/L, the pH measurement result of the sludge is 7.13+/-0.08, stirring the sludge uniformly, and then sub-packaging the sludge into 250mL conical bottles, wherein each conical bottle contains 100mL of sludge. The viscosity of the sludge is 78.4 mpa.s, and the primary microbial inoculum is added.
(3) Addition of cold-resistant microbial agent and conditioning of sludge
The addition mode of the cold-resistant microbial agent and the conditioning mode of the sludge are the same as those of the example 1, and the conditioning temperature of the sludge is changed to 10 ℃. After conditioning for 8 hours, the sludge in the conical flask is uniformly mixed and taken out, the capillary water absorption time of the sludge is measured, and the detection result is shown in figure 2.
(4) Detection result
As can be seen from fig. 2, in the process of mixing, culturing and conditioning the sludge and the cold-resistant microbial agent, the capillary water absorption time at 12h is reduced to the minimum, and the maximum cold-resistant microbial agent conditioning can reduce the capillary water absorption time of the sludge by 28.0%, which is 21.7% higher than that of a blank control. At the same time, the viscosity of the sludge and the MLSS were measured at the beginning and 16 hours, and the sludge viscosity was reduced by 36.8%, and the MLSS reduction rate was 10.8%. Therefore, the cold-resistant microbial agent disclosed by the invention can be added into sludge at a low temperature of 10 ℃ to improve the dehydration performance of MBR process sludge, has a sludge reduction effect, and can achieve the purpose of sludge dehydration reduction.
Embodiment 3:
the sludge temperature of the coldest month (1 month) of a municipal sewage treatment plant of Nanjing is monitored for 3 weeks. The results show that the sludge temperature in winter is about 12 ℃ in the coldest month, and the reaction temperature of the cold-resistant bacteria conditioning sludge is specially selected to be 12 ℃ for demonstration. The reaction temperature in this case was 12 ℃. Referring to FIG. 3, the sludge is conditioned in a laboratory by the method, and the treated sludge is concentrated tank sludge generated by treating municipal sewage by adopting an AAO+MBR process in winter, and the initial concentration of the sludge is 34190+/-30 mg/L.
(1) Preparation of cold-resistant sludge efficient biological predation microbial conditioner bacterial powder
Preparing cold-resistant microbial powder in advance, wherein the live bacteria concentration of grazing bacteria in the cold-resistant microbial powder reaches 10 10 pfu/mL。
(2) Adjustment of sludge concentration
The pH value of the sludge is 7.28+/-0.06, the concentration of the sludge is not required to be regulated, the sludge can be directly used for experiments, the sludge is stirred uniformly and then is split-packed into 250mL conical bottles, and the sludge in each conical bottle is 100mL. The viscosity of the sludge is 2396.4 mpa.s, and the primary microbial inoculum is added.
(3) Addition of cold-resistant microbial agent and conditioning of sludge
The addition mode of the cold-resistant microbial agent and the conditioning mode of the sludge are the same as those of the example 1, and the reaction temperature is changed to 12 ℃. After conditioning for 8 hours, the sludge in the conical flask is uniformly mixed and taken out every 4 hours, the capillary water absorption time of the sludge is measured, and the detection result is shown in figure 3.
(4) Detection result
As can be seen from fig. 3, in the process of mixing, culturing and conditioning the sludge and the cold-resistant microbial agent, the capillary water absorption time at 12h is reduced to the minimum, and the maximum cold-resistant microbial agent conditioning can reduce the capillary water absorption time of the sludge by 44.5%, which is 21.0% higher than that of the blank control. At the same time, the viscosity of the sludge and the MLSS were measured at the beginning and 16 hours, and the sludge viscosity was reduced by 56.9%, and the MLSS reduction rate was 10.8%. Therefore, the cold-resistant microbial agent disclosed by the invention can be added into the sludge at a low temperature of 12 ℃ to improve the sludge dewatering performance of an AAO+MBR process, has a sludge reduction effect, and can achieve the purpose of sludge dewatering reduction.
Embodiment 4:
referring to fig. 4, the method is used for carrying out pilot scale conditioning dehydration (the treatment capacity is 1 ton) on sludge in a municipal sewage treatment plant in winter, the treated sludge is concentrated tank sludge generated by treating municipal sewage in winter by adopting an AAO+MBR process, and the initial concentration of the sludge is 32.9+/-0.8 g/L.
(1) Preparation of cold-resistant sludge efficient biological predation microbial conditioner bacterial powder
Preparing cold-resistant microbial powder in advance, wherein the live bacteria concentration of grazing bacteria in the cold-resistant microbial powder reaches 10 10 pfu/mL。
(2) Adjustment of sludge concentration
The pH measurement result of the sludge is 6.92+/-0.06, the viscosity of the sludge is 2220 mpa.s, and the primary microbial inoculum is added. The sludge concentration does not need to be regulated, and the method can be directly used for experiments, and 1 ton of sludge is pumped into the reaction tank from the concentration tank.
(3) Addition of cold-resistant microbial agent and conditioning of sludge
100mL of cold-resistant microbial agent is added into the sludge, and the bacterial liquid and the sludge are uniformly mixed by stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 200rpm, and the stirring time is 5 minutes. Then stirring the sludge continuously for 12 hours at a rotation speed of 200rpm while the aeration rate is 0.3m 3 The sludge is aerated by the method of (h.kg sludge), the switch of the aeration pump is controlled by the dissolved oxygen concentration of the reaction system, the dissolved oxygen concentration ranges from 1mg/L to 5mg/L, and if the dissolved oxygen concentration is lower than1mg/L of the aeration is started, and if the aeration rate is higher than 5mg/L, the aeration is stopped, so that the sludge conditioning process lasting for 12 hours is carried out. The capillary water absorption time (CST), sludge viscosity, pH, MLSS, temperature, sludge calorific value of the raw sludge and the conditioned sludge were measured.
(4) Plate-frame filter-pressing dehydration
The operating conditions of the plate-and-frame filter press are as follows: the pressure of the primary filter pressing is 0.6MPa, and the time is about 2 hours; the secondary pressure was 1.2MPa for about 1 hour. And after the press filtration is finished, the water content of the press filtration mud cake is measured.
(5) Experimental results
The capillary time, sludge viscosity, pH, MLSS, temperature, and sludge calorific value of the raw sludge and conditioned sludge are shown in table 1.
。
The reaction temperature is 12-13 ℃, the capillary water absorption time reduction rate is 28.6%, the viscosity reduction rate is 50.0%, the sludge concentration reduction rate is 9.2%, the pH is maintained at neutrality, the sludge heat value is not obviously reduced, and the water content of a sludge cake after filter pressing is 65.82%. The current dehydration method of the sewage treatment plant is to add quicklime, ferric salt and plate and frame for filter press dehydration, the dry basis heat value of the sludge after the reaction is reduced by about 30 percent, but the method does not cause obvious reduction of the heat value, has small dosage and low treatment cost.
Embodiment case 5:
referring to FIG. 4, the method is used for carrying out pilot scale conditioning dehydration (the treatment capacity is 1 ton) on sludge in a municipal sewage treatment plant in winter, the treated sludge is thickening tank sludge generated by treating municipal sewage in winter by adopting an AAO process, and the initial concentration of the sludge is 29.9+/-0.4 g/L.
(1) Preparation of cold-resistant sludge efficient biological predation microbial conditioner bacterial powder
Preparing cold-resistant microbial powder in advance, wherein the live bacteria concentration of grazing bacteria in the cold-resistant microbial powder reaches 10 8 pfu/mL。
(2) Adjustment of sludge concentration
The pH measurement result of the sludge is 7.04+/-0.09, the viscosity of the sludge is 1720 mpa.s, and the primary microbial inoculum is added. The sludge concentration does not need to be regulated, and the method can be directly used for experiments, and 1 ton of sludge is pumped into the reaction tank from the concentration tank.
(3) Addition of cold-resistant microbial agent and conditioning of sludge
100mL of cold-resistant microbial agent is added into the sludge, and the bacterial liquid and the sludge are uniformly mixed by stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 200rpm, and the stirring time is 5 minutes. Then stirring the sludge continuously for 12 hours at a rotation speed of 200rpm while the aeration rate is 0.3m 3 And (h.kg sludge) aerating the sludge, wherein the switch of the aeration pump is controlled by the dissolved oxygen concentration of the reaction system, the dissolved oxygen concentration range is 1-5mg/L, if the dissolved oxygen concentration is lower than 1mg/L, the aeration is started, and if the dissolved oxygen concentration is higher than 5mg/L, the aeration is stopped, so that the sludge conditioning process which lasts for 12 hours is carried out. The capillary water absorption time (CST), sludge viscosity, pH, MLSS, temperature, sludge calorific value of the raw sludge and the conditioned sludge were measured.
(4) Plate-frame filter-pressing dehydration
The operating conditions of the plate-and-frame filter press are as follows: the pressure of the primary filter pressing is 0.6MPa, and the time is about 2 hours; the secondary pressure was 1.2MPa for about 1 hour. And after the press filtration is finished, the water content of the press filtration mud cake is measured.
(5) Detection result
The capillary time, sludge viscosity, pH, MLSS, temperature, and sludge calorific value of the raw sludge and conditioned sludge are shown in table 2. The reaction temperature is about 9 ℃, the capillary water absorption time reduction rate is 32.2%, the viscosity reduction rate is 47.1%, the sludge concentration reduction rate is 10.7%, the pH is maintained at neutrality, and the heat value of the sludge is not obviously reduced. The water content of the sludge cake after press filtration is 57.65 percent. The current dehydration method of the sewage treatment plant is to add cationic polyacrylamide, the water content of the mud cake obtained by adopting belt filter pressing is about 80%, the dry basis heat value of the dehydrated sludge is reduced by about 10%, the method does not cause obvious reduction of the heat value, and the treatment cost is low.
。
Embodiment 6:
referring to FIG. 4, the method is used for carrying out pilot scale conditioning dehydration (the treatment capacity is 1 ton) on sludge in a municipal sewage treatment plant in winter, the treated sludge is thickening tank sludge generated by treating municipal sewage in winter by adopting an MBR process, and the initial concentration of the sludge is 41.8+/-1.2 g/L.
(1) Preparation of cold-resistant sludge efficient biological predation microbial conditioner bacterial powder
Preparing cold-resistant microbial powder in advance, wherein the live bacteria concentration of grazing bacteria in the cold-resistant microbial powder reaches 10 9 pfu/mL。
(2) Adjustment of sludge concentration
The pH value of the sludge is 7.45+/-0.06, the concentration of the sludge is not required to be regulated, the sludge can be directly used for experiments, and 1 ton of sludge is pumped into a reaction tank from a concentration tank. The viscosity of the sludge is 3196 mpa.s, and the microbial inoculum needs to be added every 4 hours.
(3) Addition of cold-resistant microbial agent and conditioning of sludge
100mL of cold-resistant microbial agent is added into the sludge, and the bacterial liquid and the sludge are uniformly mixed by stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 200rpm, and the stirring time is 5 minutes. Then stirring the sludge continuously for 12 hours at a rotation speed of 200rpm while the aeration rate is 0.3m 3 And (h.kg sludge) aerating the sludge, wherein the switch of the aeration pump is controlled by the dissolved oxygen concentration of the reaction system, the dissolved oxygen concentration range is 1-5mg/L, if the dissolved oxygen concentration is lower than 1mg/L, the aeration is started, and if the dissolved oxygen concentration is higher than 5mg/L, the aeration is stopped, so that the sludge conditioning process which lasts for 12 hours is carried out. The microbial inoculum is added every 4 hours. The capillary water absorption time (CST), sludge viscosity, pH, MLSS, temperature, sludge calorific value of the raw sludge and the conditioned sludge were measured.
(4) Plate-frame filter-pressing dehydration
The operating conditions of the plate-and-frame filter press are as follows: the pressure of the primary filter pressing is 0.6MPa, and the time is about 2 hours; the secondary pressure was 1.2MPa for about 1 hour. And after the press filtration is finished, the water content of the press filtration mud cake is measured.
(5) Detection result
The capillary time, sludge viscosity, pH, MLSS, temperature, and sludge calorific value of the raw sludge and conditioned sludge are shown in table 3. The capillary water absorption time reduction rate is 35.3%, the viscosity reduction rate is 58.1%, the sludge concentration reduction rate is 10.1%, the pH is maintained at neutrality, and the heat value of the sludge is not obviously changed. The water content of the sludge cake after press filtration is 58.56 percent. The reaction temperature is 7-8 ℃, and the water content of the sludge cannot be reduced to below 80% by the existing biological dehydration technology at the reaction temperature. The water mill adopts a dehydration method of polyacrylamide coupled with ferric chloride to condition sludge and then plate-and-frame filter pressing, the water content of the obtained mud cake is about 70%, and the heat value of the sludge is reduced by about 20%, namely the method is superior to the existing method.
。
Embodiment 7:
referring to FIG. 4, the method is used for carrying out pilot scale conditioning dehydration (the treatment capacity is 1 ton) on sludge in a municipal sewage treatment plant in winter, the treated sludge is thickening tank sludge generated by treating municipal sewage in winter by adopting an MBR process, and the initial concentration of the sludge is 14.8+/-0.2 g/L.
(1) Preparation of cold-resistant sludge efficient biological predation microbial conditioner bacterial powder
Preparing cold-resistant microbial powder in advance, wherein the live bacteria concentration of grazing bacteria in the cold-resistant microbial powder reaches 10 9 pfu/mL。
(2) Adjustment of sludge concentration
The pH value of the sludge is 7.01+/-0.06, the concentration of the sludge is not required to be regulated, the sludge can be directly used for experiments, and 1 ton of sludge is pumped into a reaction tank from a concentration tank. The viscosity of the sludge is 56.8 mpa.s, and the primary microbial inoculum is added.
(3) Addition of cold-resistant microbial agent and conditioning of sludge
100mL of cold-resistant microbial agent is added into the sludge, and the bacterial liquid and the sludge are uniformly mixed by stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 200rpm, and the stirring time is 5 minutes. Thereafter, the dirt was removed at 200rpmStirring the mud for 12h continuously with aeration rate of 0.3m 3 And (h.kg sludge) aerating the sludge, wherein the switch of the aeration pump is controlled by the dissolved oxygen concentration of the reaction system, the dissolved oxygen concentration range is 1-5mg/L, if the dissolved oxygen concentration is lower than 1mg/L, the aeration is started, and if the dissolved oxygen concentration is higher than 5mg/L, the aeration is stopped, so that the sludge conditioning process which lasts for 12 hours is carried out. The capillary water absorption time (CST), sludge viscosity, pH, MLSS, temperature, sludge calorific value of the raw sludge and the conditioned sludge were measured.
(4) Plate-frame filter-pressing dehydration
The operating conditions of the plate-and-frame filter press are as follows: the pressure of the primary filter pressing is 0.6MPa, and the time is about 2 hours; the secondary pressure was 1.2MPa for about 1 hour. And after the press filtration is finished, the water content of the press filtration mud cake is measured.
(5) Detection result
The capillary time, sludge viscosity, pH, MLSS, temperature, and sludge calorific value of the raw sludge and conditioned sludge are shown in table 4. The capillary water absorption time reduction rate is 41.1%, the viscosity reduction rate is 38.5%, the sludge concentration reduction rate is 12.2%, the pH is maintained at neutrality, and the heat value of the sludge is not obviously changed. The water content of the sludge cake after press filtration is 56.34%. The reaction temperature in this case is about 10 ℃. The water mill adopts a dehydration method that polyacrylamide is coupled with polymeric aluminum ferric sulfate to condition sludge and then plate and frame filter pressing is carried out, the water content of the obtained mud cake is about 70%, and the heat value of the sludge is reduced by about 20%, namely the method is superior to the existing method.
。
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiment is one of the laboratory application embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be equivalent to the above-mentioned embodiment, which is included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The biological sludge dewatering and reducing method at low temperature is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1), culturing cold-resistant sludge high-efficiency biological predation microbial conditioner bacterial liquid, and preparing the bacterial liquid into solid bacterial powder;
step 2) adjusting the concentration of sludge;
step 3) inoculating a cold-resistant efficient biological predation microbial conditioning bacterial agent for the sludge into the sludge, uniformly stirring and mixing, and then carrying out microbial conditioning treatment on the sludge, and dehydrating by adopting a plate-and-frame filter press after conditioning;
wherein the viable bacteria of the cold-tolerant sludge high-efficiency biological predatory microbial conditioning agent in the step 1) comprise one or more cold-tolerant predatory bacteria of cold-tolerant Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, cold-tolerant Bdellovibrio stonecrop, cold-tolerant Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and cold-tolerant myxobacteria, and one or more of Klebsiella, lactobacillus group, escherichia coli group, bacillus pumilus, cellulomonas, sphingolipid group, flavobacterium group, beta-amoebacterium group and delta-amoeba group are used as inducing bacteria;
wherein the low temperature range is 4-15 ℃, the cold-resistant type sludge efficient biological predatory microorganism conditioning microbial inoculum in the step 1) can grow and reproduce in the temperature range of 4-35 ℃, and has the capability of predating sludge in the temperature range of 4-15 ℃ and improving the sludge dewatering performance, the capability of the microbial inoculum for predating the sludge can be enhanced along with the increase of the reaction temperature,
the method for culturing and fermenting the cold-resistant sludge efficient biological predation microbial conditioner bacterial liquid in the step 1) comprises the following steps:
(a) Preparation of an induced bacterial liquid: inoculating one or more bacteria including Klebsiella, lactobacillus group, colibacillus group, bacillus pumilus, cellulomonas, sphingolipid bacillus group, flavobacterium group and beta-amoebocyte group delta-amoebocyte group as inducing bacteria into fermentation culture solution respectively, and performing aerobic culture for 12-36h at 20-35 ℃, wherein the formula of the fermentation culture solution is 5-20g/L peptone, 5-10g/L beef extract, 5-20g/L sodium chloride and pH=6.0-8.0;
(b) Preparing cold-resistant predatory bacterial liquid: adding the induced strain obtained in the step (a) into a cold-resistant predatory bacteria culture solution to ensure that the concentration range of the induced strain is 10 9 —10 10 CFUand/mL, inoculating cold-resistant predatory bacteria, and performing aerobic culture at 8-15deg.C for 48-96 hr to obtain the number of live predatory bacteria at 10 8 Mixing different predatory bacteria bacterial solutions with equal volumes above PFU/mL;
(c) Preparing cold-resistant predatory bacteria freeze-dried powder: adding the cold-resistant predatory bacteria liquid obtained in the step (b) into the induced bacteria obtained in the step (a) according to the ratio of 1-10% v/v after inactivation, carrying out aerobic culture for 18-24 h, adding 1-3% v/v glycerol, uniformly mixing, adding a carrier solution according to the ratio of 1:1-1:2v/v, dissolving one or more of skimmed milk powder, diatomite, mannitol and trehalose into sterile pure water to form a carrier solution, carrying out pre-freezing treatment at the temperature of-20-40 ℃ for 2-6h after uniformly mixing the carrier solution and the bacterial liquid, carrying out vacuum drying on the pre-frozen beams for 48-72h, wherein the water content of the finally obtained microbial inoculum solid powder is 1-8 wt% and the concentration range of the cold-resistant predatory bacteria viable bacteria is 10 10 -10 12 PFU/mL；
In the step 2), the sludge concentration is regulated to 10-50g/L,
inoculating the freeze-dried powder of the cold-resistant predatory bacteria in the step 3) into the pretreated sludge, wherein the inoculation amount is 0.001 per mill-1% v/v of the volume of the sludge, and the final concentration of the cold-resistant predatory bacteria in the sludge is determined according to the viscosity of the sludge, and the calculation formula is as followsBacterial concentration unit is pfu/mL, and sludge viscosity unit is mpa.s; inoculating the cold-resistant microbial powder in the step 3) into the pretreated sludge, and adding once when the viscosity of the sludge is less than or equal to 3000 mpa.s; when the viscosity of the sludge is higher than 3000 mpa.s, the sludge is added for a plurality of times, and is added once every 4 hours, and the adding amount of each time is 3000 mpa.s;
in the step 3), the bacterial powder and the sludge are uniformly mixed by stirring, the stirring speed is 200-500rpm, the stirring time is 5-10 minutes, the sludge is subjected to microbial conditioning after uniform stirring and mixing, the microbial conditioning reaction time is 10-16 hours, continuous stirring is required in the conditioning process, and the stirring speed is 50-300rpm; aeration is required in the conditioning process, and the aeration rate is 0.05-0.5m 3 The aeration switch is controlled by the dissolved oxygen concentration of the reaction system, the dissolved oxygen concentration range is 0.5-5mg/L, if the dissolved oxygen concentration is lower than 0.5mg/L, the aeration is started, and if the dissolved oxygen concentration is higher than 5mg/L, the aeration is stopped;
in the step 3), the conditioned sludge is introduced into a plate-and-frame filter press for press filtration and dehydration, and a dehydrated mud cake with the water content lower than 60% is obtained, and the plate-and-frame filter press has the following operating conditions: the pressure of primary filter pressing is 0.4-0.8MPa, and the time is 1.5-2.5 hours; the pressure of the secondary filter pressing is 1.2-1.6MPa, and the time is 0.5-1.5 hours.
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