CN113586109A - Hanging wall rock mass supporting method for underground mining ore body of metal mine - Google Patents
Hanging wall rock mass supporting method for underground mining ore body of metal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113586109A CN113586109A CN202110777087.3A CN202110777087A CN113586109A CN 113586109 A CN113586109 A CN 113586109A CN 202110777087 A CN202110777087 A CN 202110777087A CN 113586109 A CN113586109 A CN 113586109A
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- anchor cable
- ore body
- rock mass
- long anchor
- underground mining
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hanging wall rock mass supporting method for an underground mining ore body of a metal mine, which comprises the following steps: a plurality of connecting roadways are arranged according to stope arrangement requirements and penetrate through an ore body to enter an unstable area of an upper wall rock body, large-diameter drill holes are constructed between adjacent connecting roadways along the direction of the ore body to be communicated, flexible large-diameter special anchor cables are arranged in each drill hole, long anchor cables are fixed and presoaked, gaps between the large-diameter drill holes and the long anchor cables are filled, and then areas where the long anchor cables are located in the connecting roadways are filled to form a group supporting effect. The method solves the problems of small support range, uneven local anchor cable support strength and the like in the conventional support method for unstable rock mass of a roof in an underground mining area of a metal mine, realizes the yielding support effect of large-area and high-strength, and has simple support process and obviously improved support effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for supporting a rock mass on an upper plate of an ore body.
Background
Many of the gold ore downhole ore bodies are structurally altered into ore and such ore bodies are commonly found on fault footwall. Influenced by geological motion and tectonic activity, the ore body and the contact rock mass are very unstable, especially the rock mass of the upper plate of the ore body close to the fault area is very unstable, and once the rock mass is exposed for a long time, the rock mass is easy to destabilize and collapse, thereby causing great potential safety hazard to the mining of the ore body. Therefore, the problem of unstable rock mass support must be solved during mining.
Aiming at the supporting problem of the unstable rock mass on the upper wall of the ore body, the method adopted by the prior art is to construct a certain number of long anchor cables and anchor rods into the unstable rock mass from the ore body or adopt other combined supporting mechanisms to temporarily support the unstable rock mass on the upper wall. The conventional supporting mode theoretically can limit the regional surface movement of an unstable rock mass to a certain extent, but has a plurality of defects in the practical application process:
when a long anchor cable supporting mode is adopted to support an unstable rock body, the anchor cable hole is communicated in multiple places in the grouting process due to the existence of rock body joint cracks, the upward grouting liquid pressure cannot meet the design requirement, a large amount of grouting materials are consumed in the gravity seepage effect, the grouting effect is hardly guaranteed, the setting time is longer than the recovery time, the construction efficiency is influenced, and the anchoring force of the long anchor cable is insufficient.
If the resin anchor rod is adopted for supporting, on one hand, the length of the resin anchor rod is limited, on the other hand, the resin explosive cartridge is not firm with an unstable rock body support, and the tensile capacity of the anchor rod cannot meet the support requirement.
Therefore, the supporting means adopted at present hardly meets the requirement of stable mining of hanging rocks in the mine construction area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hanging wall rock mass supporting method for an underground mining ore body of a metal mine, which aims to: large-area and high-strength support in unstable rock bodies is realized.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a hanging wall rock mass supporting method for an underground mining ore body of a metal mine comprises the following steps:
step 4, fixing and tensioning the long anchor cable in the connection roadway where the two ends of the long anchor cable are located;
and 5, filling the area where the long anchor cable is located in the connecting roadway.
The support method is further improved as follows: the long anchor cable arranged in the same drilling hole is the whole anchor cable.
The support method is further improved as follows: and 4, after the two ends of the long anchor cable are fixed and tensioned, if the drill holes penetrate through more than three contact roadways, connecting pieces connected with the long anchor cable are further arranged in the middle contact roadway except the contact roadway where the two ends of the drill holes are located, and the connecting pieces are fixed on the middle contact roadway where the connecting pieces are located.
The support method is further improved as follows: the connecting piece is provided with three through holes, the long anchor cable penetrates through the middle through hole, the other two through holes are connected with the anchor rod through the steel wire rope, and the anchor rod is fixed on the middle connection roadway.
The support method is further improved as follows: in the step 4, the end part of the long anchor cable sequentially penetrates through a cushion layer, I-shaped steel and a lock which are positioned on the outer side of the drill hole, so that the long anchor cable is fixed in the communication roadway.
The support method is further improved as follows: in the step 4, an anchor rod and a steel wire rope are further arranged in the connection roadway, the anchor rod is fixed on the rock wall of the connection roadway, one end of the steel wire rope is connected with the anchor rod, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the end portion of the long anchor rope.
The support method is further improved as follows: and (5) grouting the gap between the drill hole and the long anchor cable after the step 4 is finished and before the step 5 is started.
The support method is further improved as follows: during grouting, the grout stop plug is positioned at the through position of the drilling hole and the connection roadway, and grouting is performed between a plurality of connection roadways in a segmented mode.
The support method is further improved as follows: and step 5, building and filling the retaining wall in the connection roadway, and then filling the area where the long anchor cable is located in the connection roadway by adopting concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the supporting effect is ensured. The anchoring mode of the long anchor cable support in the method is two-end anchoring, which is different from the conventional grouting full-length anchoring of the long anchor cable support, and a certain designed anchoring force can be provided after the two ends of the long anchor cable are tensioned and fixed. Meanwhile, the grouting slurry is only used for reinforcing the long anchor cable support, and the support force deficiency or support failure caused by the diffusion of the grouting slurry and the insufficient grouting pressure can be avoided in the long anchor cable support effect. And the long anchor cable has certain flexible deformability in a transverse supporting mode, so that the vertical movement of the rock body realizes the designed initial yielding effect, the deformability is controllable and adjustable, and the supporting effect is better ensured.
(2) The supporting capability is large. The drilling holes can be drilled with larger diameters, the long anchor cables can be large-diameter anchor cables according to requirements, the tensile strength of the long anchor cables is enhanced, and flexibility is controllable. In addition, the end parts of the long anchor cables are connected with a plurality of resin anchor rods on two sides of the communication roadway through steel wire ropes, so that a group supporting effect is realized, and the homogenization and the precontrol performance of the full-area supporting of the mining area top plate are realized.
(3) The supporting mode is flexible. The method has the advantages that the plurality of connecting roadways for entering the unstable rock mass are arranged, the supporting method can be used for effectively supporting the unstable rock mass according to the invention when the drilling holes are communicated with each other, the supporting mode is flexible, the drilling hole construction angle and range can be adjusted according to the requirements of a stope, and the method is flexible and has diversity.
(4) The support range is wide. By constructing a plurality of connecting roadways in space, the supporting method provided by the invention can flexibly and effectively support the unstable rock mass on the upper plate, a plurality of long anchor cable supports can be constructed simultaneously, and long anchor cable support groups are formed in space.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of FIG. 1 after rotation in the direction A-A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of FIG. 1 after rotation in the direction B-B;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at C;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the connector.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, a hanging wall rock mass supporting method for underground mining ore bodies of metal mines comprises the following core ideas:
the unstable rock mass 1 is actively supported based on the long anchor cables 2, so that the supporting effect can be ensured. In addition, the support group of the long anchor cable 2 is formed in space, so that the unstable rock mass 1 can be supported in a large range under the condition that the integrity of the ore body 13 is not damaged.
The two sides of the long anchor cable 2 are fixed by adopting a lock 6 on the premise of tensioning, and the end parts of the long anchor cable 2 are connected with steel wire ropes 7 connected with the resin anchor rods 9 through the lock 6 to reinforce the anchoring force of the long anchor cable 2. After the long anchor cable 2 is stretched and anchored, the gap between the drill hole 8 and the long anchor cable 2 is grouted by cement mortar 3, so that the long anchor cable 2 is changed from a flexible supporting state to a rigid state, and the compression resistance and the tensile resistance of the long anchor cable 2 are further improved. After grouting of the drill hole 8 is finished, the filling retaining wall 11 is built on one side, close to the ore body 13, in the communication roadway 12, the fixing area of the long anchor cable 2 on the inner side is filled, deformation and displacement of the end portion of the long anchor cable 2 are further limited by the strength of the concrete 14, and it is ensured that the long anchor cable 2 can support and provide enough supporting force when deformation occurs to the upper-plate unstable rock body 1.
Furthermore, a plurality of contact roadways 12 can be passed at long anchor rope 2 middle part, be equipped with the connecting piece 10 that long anchor rope passed in middle contact roadway 12, the connecting piece 10 both ends are connected with fixed resin stock 9 on the contact roadway 12 through wire rope 7 again, and the connecting piece 10 both ends can respectively settle a set of tool to lock 6 and fix long anchor rope 2, guarantee to strut long anchor rope 2 in a plurality of contact roadways 12 for one completion long anchor rope, guarantee that long anchor rope 2 struts the wholeness along moving towards the direction. In addition, even if the support of the long anchor cables 2 between the adjacent communication roadways 12 fails, the support of other long anchor cables 2 is still effective due to the existence of the connecting pieces 10 and the locks 6 at the two sides.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the method comprises the following steps:
And 2, constructing through drill holes 8 (phi 60-200mm) in the plurality of connecting roadways 12 approximately along the direction of the trend of the ore body 13, wherein the drill holes 8 are communicated with the connecting roadways 12 on the two sides. The drill rig is arranged in the communication roadway. The partial bore 8 may pass through more than three communication lanes 12.
And 3, arranging a long anchor cable 2 (phi 20-100mm) in the drill hole 8. For a long anchor cable 2 passing through more than three communication roadways 12, a connecting piece 10 is also passed through the middle of the anchor cable, and the connecting piece 10 is arranged in the passed middle communication roadway.
And 4, as shown in fig. 4, sequentially mounting a cushion layer 4 and I-shaped steel 5 at the end part of the long anchor cable 2, and fixing the long anchor cable through a locking device 6 after tensioning.
And then, grouting a gap between the drill hole 8 and the long anchor cable 2 by adopting cement mortar 3. During grouting, the grout stop plug is positioned at the through position of the drill hole 8 and the connection roadway, and grouting is performed between a plurality of connection roadways in a segmented mode.
As shown in fig. 5, three through holes are formed in the middle connecting piece 10, the long anchor cable 2 penetrates through the middle through hole, the other two through holes are connected with the anchor rod 9 through the steel wire rope 7, and the anchor rod 9 is fixed on the middle connecting roadway where the anchor rod 9 is located.
And 5, after the long anchor cables 2 are connected with the resin anchor rods 9, building filling retaining walls 11 at the positions, close to the upper plate of the ore body 13, of the communication roadway 12, and filling supporting and reinforcing areas of the long anchor cables 2 and the resin anchor rods 9 with C45 concrete 14.
In conclusion, according to the method for supporting the upper-plate unstable rock 11 provided by the invention, on the premise of not damaging the integrity of the ore body 13, a plurality of long anchor cables 2 among the communication roadways 12 in the space are used for supporting, and a plurality of groups of long anchor cable 2 supporting groups are constructed in the unstable rock 11, so that the overall movement and deformation of the upper-plate unstable rock 11 after exposure can be effectively limited, the supporting capability is improved, the supporting effect is guaranteed, and a series of problems restricting the upper-plate unstable rock 11 are effectively solved.
Claims (9)
1. A hanging wall rock mass supporting method for underground mining ore bodies of metal mines is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, constructing a plurality of connecting roadways (12), and enabling the connecting roadways to parallelly penetrate through an ore body (13) and enter an unstable rock body (1) on a plate of the ore body (13);
step 2, constructing through drill holes (8) between the connection roadways (12) along the trend direction of the ore body (13);
step 3, arranging a long anchor cable (2) in the drill hole (8);
step 4, fixing and tensioning the long anchor cable (2) in a connection roadway (12) where the two ends of the long anchor cable (2) are located;
and step 5, filling the area where the long anchor cable (2) is located in the connecting roadway (12).
2. The method for hanging the rock mass on the metal mine underground mining ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the long anchor cable (2) arranged in the same drilling hole (8) is a whole anchor cable.
3. The method for hanging the rock mass on the metal mine underground mining ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 4, after the two ends of the long anchor cable (2) are fixed and tensioned, if the drill hole (8) penetrates through more than three connection roadways (12), connecting pieces (10) connected with the long anchor cable (2) are further arranged in the middle connection roadway except the connection roadway (12) where the two ends of the drill hole (8) are located, and the connecting pieces (10) are fixed on the middle connection roadway where the connecting pieces are located.
4. The method for hanging the rock mass on the metal mine underground mining ore body according to claim 3, characterized in that: the anchor rod connecting structure is characterized in that three through holes are formed in the connecting piece (10), the long anchor cable (2) penetrates through the middle through hole, the other two through holes are connected with the anchor rod (9) through the steel wire rope (7), and the anchor rod (9) is fixed on the middle connecting roadway.
5. The method for hanging the rock mass on the metal mine underground mining ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 4, the end part of the long anchor cable (2) sequentially penetrates through a cushion layer (4) positioned on the outer side of the drill hole (8), the I-shaped steel (5) and the lock (6) to realize fixation in the communication roadway (12).
6. The method for hanging the rock mass on the metal mine underground mining ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 4, an anchor rod (9) and a steel wire rope (7) are further arranged in the connection roadway (12), the anchor rod (9) is fixed on the rock wall of the connection roadway (12), one end of the steel wire rope (7) is connected with the anchor rod (9), and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the end portion of the long anchor cable (2).
7. The method for hanging the rock mass on the metal mine underground mining ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (5) grouting the gap between the drill hole (8) and the long anchor cable (2) after the step 4 is finished and before the step 5 is started.
8. The method for hanging the rock mass on the metal mine underground mining ore body according to claim 7, characterized in that: during grouting, the grout stop plug is positioned at the through position of the drilling hole (8) and the connection roadway (12), and grouting is performed between the plurality of connection roadways (12) in a segmented and simultaneous manner.
9. The method for hanging-up rock mass in metal mine underground mining ore body according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: in the step 5, a filling retaining wall (11) is built in the connection roadway (12), and then concrete (14) is adopted to fill the area where the long anchor cable (2) is located in the connection roadway (12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110777087.3A CN113586109B (en) | 2021-07-09 | Method for supporting upper-disc rock mass of underground mining ore body of metal mine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110777087.3A CN113586109B (en) | 2021-07-09 | Method for supporting upper-disc rock mass of underground mining ore body of metal mine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113586109A true CN113586109A (en) | 2021-11-02 |
| CN113586109B CN113586109B (en) | 2024-09-24 |
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