CN113586057B - Method for safely and efficiently recovering interval columns of segmented open-field subsequent filling method panel - Google Patents
Method for safely and efficiently recovering interval columns of segmented open-field subsequent filling method panel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113586057B CN113586057B CN202111055273.2A CN202111055273A CN113586057B CN 113586057 B CN113586057 B CN 113586057B CN 202111055273 A CN202111055273 A CN 202111055273A CN 113586057 B CN113586057 B CN 113586057B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for safely and efficiently recovering panel pillars of a sublevel open stope subsequent filling method, which fully utilizes a sublevel rock drilling roadway (5), a sublevel connecting channel (6), a stope slope channel (7) and a sublevel vein connecting channel (8) of the original project, arranges a filling raise along the length direction of the panel pillars (3) of the stope middle section at intervals according to design parameters, utilizes the mining principle of a sill pillar-free sublevel caving method, backfills waste rocks through the filling raise to form a filling waste rock covering layer (9), and ensures that ore rocks in a stope are filled while ore is discharged under the covering layer, supports the wall-protecting ore pillars (10) at two sides, and ensures the stope safety. The method has the advantages of high ore recovery rate, high stoping capacity, low stoping cost, high mechanization degree, safe operation environment, no goaf after the stoping is finished and no hidden danger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground mining, and particularly relates to a method for extracting panel intervals by a segmented open-stope subsequent filling method, which can be widely applied to underground mining of large and medium non-coal solid mines in black, colored and chemical industries.
Background
With the improvement of the requirement of environmental protection, the progress of the filling technology and the reduction of the filling cost, more and more mines adopt the filling method for stoping, in particular to iron mines. Because the ore body is thicker, no matter the stope adopts along the arteries to arrange, or the perpendicular trend is arranged, the length overlength of stope is unfavorable for safe stope, consequently, divide the deposit into a plurality of panels, leave between the panel and set up the pillar, divide the stope in the panel, arrange stope tie tunnel in the pillar, stope length generally is 50m ~ 60m long, panel pillar generally is 15m ~ 20m wide, panel pillar ore deposit accounts for about 23% ~ 25% of total ore deposit, how safe high-efficient stope was retrieved to panel pillar deposit always is a difficult problem.
The existing methods for recovering the panel interval columns mainly comprise a segmented empty field method and a layered filling method. Because the filling bodies on the two sides of the panel interval column are provided with the cemented filling bodies and the non-cemented filling bodies, when the interval column is mined by a segmented open stope method, in order to ensure the safety of the filling bodies on the two sides, thicker breast wall ore columns need to be reserved, the recovery rate of the interval column is lower, a bottom ore removal structure needs to be arranged in an adjacent filling body, and the tunneling and the supporting of a roadway are difficult. In addition, as the stope is empty, the two side retaining wall ore pillars are subjected to larger lateral pressure and are easy to collapse, and certain potential safety hazards exist; when the layered filling method is adopted for recovery, about 2.5m is recovered each time, the recovery efficiency is very low, the recovery period is long, the recovery cost is high, the operation is required under an empty field, the safety is difficult to guarantee, a point column is generally required to be reserved for improving the safety, and the recovery rate is reduced due to the reservation of the point column.
In order to carry out stoping on the underground mine goaf remaining pillars, chinese patent application 202010746889.3 discloses a stoping method of the underground mine goaf remaining pillars, in the method, a mine removal roadway is tunneled into a pillar at one side of a middle-section haulage roadway to reach an ore body hanging wall, and the top of the mine removal roadway is expanded to form a horn-mouth-shaped bottom structure by adopting a fan-shaped medium-length hole; the method comprises the steps of respectively arranging a cutting raise and a pedestrian ventilation raise on the ore rock contact surface on the pillar and in the surrounding rock of the lower pillar, enabling the cutting raise and the pedestrian ventilation raise to be communicated with an upper middle section return air roadway, tunneling layered communication roads in the pedestrian ventilation raise at certain intervals along the vertical direction to reach the boundary of the lower pillar, then circularly drilling upward parallel blast holes, charging blasting, forced ventilation and caving ore discharging links from bottom to top one by one in a layered mode until the whole pillar is mined, and then using a scraper to completely discharge the caving ore and fill a goaf to improve the recovery rate of the pillar ore and reduce the dilution rate of the ore. But the method has larger engineering quantity and higher recovery cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of large stoping work amount, high cost, low stoping rate, long stoping period, difficult safety guarantee and the like in the prior art, and provides a method for safely and efficiently recovering a section open stope subsequent filling method panel interval column, which has the advantages of small stoping preparation amount, small construction difficulty, short stoping preparation time and high interval column recovery rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for safely and efficiently recovering a section open stope subsequent filling method panel interval column.
The invention relates to a method for safely and efficiently recovering a panel interval column of a segmented open stope subsequent filling method, which is applied to the method, stoping is performed from bottom to top, generally 3-4 segments form a stoping middle segment, a segmented connecting channel in the panel interval column is used as a rock drilling tunnel, a segmented connecting channel on the stoping middle segment is used as a filling tunnel, filling raise shafts are arranged in the filling tunnel at certain intervals and are communicated with a lower segmented rock drilling tunnel, a cutting raise shaft is arranged at one end of the panel interval column and is subjected to groove drawing, then stoping is started, all segments in the middle segment can be simultaneously stoped, the lower segment is behind the upper segment by 5-10 m, when ore is removed, waste rock is poured into a dead zone through the filling raise shafts above the stoping zone in the filling tunnel to serve as a waste rock filling covering layer, and the pouring amount and the ore removal amount are the same each time. The following technical scheme is adopted specifically:
1) The method fully utilizes the sectional rock drilling roadway, the sectional connecting roads, the stope slope roads outside the stope and the sectional vein connecting roads of the existing project in the panel interval column, namely utilizes the sectional connecting roads in the panel interval column as the rock drilling roadway and utilizes the sectional connecting road on the upper section of the stope middle section as the filling roadway;
2) Arranging a filling raise at intervals along the length direction of the disc interval column in the last subsection of the stoping middle section according to design parameters;
3) Retaining wall-protecting ore pillars on two sides of the panel compartment pillars, wherein the wall-protecting ore pillars are laterally supported by means of ore caving and waste rock backfilling, so that the safety of the wall-protecting ore pillars is ensured;
4) During stoping, chiseling upward fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes in the subsection connecting channel, enabling the upper subsection to be 5-10 m ahead of the lower subsection, extruding the caving ore on the working face of the subsection connecting channel by a covering layer, adopting a scraper to shovel and remove the ore, unloading the ore into a drop shaft, pouring the waste rocks into a filling raise shaft in the upper subsection connecting channel during ore removal by utilizing the mining principle of a sill pillar-free subsection caving method to form a covering layer filled with the waste rocks, and finishing ore removal under the covering layer filled with the waste rocks; the amount of the poured waste rocks is the same as the amount of the mined ores, and the stope is always kept in a full state;
5) And after the recovery is finished, high-strength slurry filling and leveling are carried out through a filling raise to form an operation platform for the lower recovery, and after the recovery of all panel intervals is finished, mortar filling is connected to the top, so that the filling effect is ensured, and the recovery work of the panel intervals is finished.
According to the optimized technical scheme, the thickness of the retaining wall ore pillars reserved on the two sides of the panel interval pillars is reserved according to the fact that the volume of the two retaining wall ore pillars accounts for 15-20% of the volume of the panel interval pillars, and under the thickness, the stability and the safety of the retaining wall ore pillars can be guaranteed, and the recovery rate of the panel interval pillars can also be guaranteed.
As the optimized technical scheme of the invention, the length and the width of the panel interval column are not restricted, the sectional height of the panel interval column is the same as the sectional height of a stope, and the middle section height of the panel interval column consists of 3-4 sections.
As the optimized technical scheme of the invention, a cutting raise is arranged at one end of the panel interval column, a groove is drawn, then the panel interval column is mined, all the segments in the middle section of the panel interval column are mined simultaneously, and the upper segment is 6-8 m ahead of the lower segment. The multi-section simultaneous rock drilling, simultaneous blasting and simultaneous ore removal can be realized.
The invention mainly utilizes the existing roadway, a filling waste rock covering layer is formed by pouring waste rocks, lateral support is formed by utilizing the dead weight and the fluidity of the filling waste rock covering layer, and the rock ore removal is covered by utilizing extrusion blasting. The method for safely and efficiently recovering the space columns of the segmented open-field subsequent filling method disc has the following positive effects by adopting the technical scheme:
1) The existing engineering in the panel compartment column is used as a rock drilling roadway, the rock drilling roadway is only needed to be added when no engineering exists, the amount of mining preparation engineering is small, the stoping preparation time is short, the goaf is managed while the ore is stoped, the stoping is finished, the filling operation of the goaf is basically completed, and the stoping process is safe and reliable;
2) The stope is always kept in a full-filling state, no goaf is formed in the stope process, the two-side retaining wall ore pillars are prevented from being empty, the retaining wall ore pillars are supported, the pressure of a filling body is offset, the thickness of the retaining wall ore pillars can be reduced under the condition of ensuring safety, and the recovery rate of the pillars is improved;
3) The middle-deep hole rock drilling is adopted, the scraper removes ore, the mechanization is high, and the production capacity is high;
4) Therefore, the operation is carried out in the roadway, and the safety is guaranteed;
5) The project does not need to be arranged in the filling body, and the construction difficulty does not exist;
6) Waste rocks generated in the production period can be consumed, after the stoping is finished, the stope is filled with the waste rocks, only a small amount of mortar is filled at the upper part to serve as a working platform, and the filling cost is low;
7) The mining process is simple and easy to operate;
8) The mining process of the sill pillar-free sublevel caving method is adopted, the mining cost is low, and the recovery rate of pillars between panels reaches 80 to 85 percent;
9) The invention reasonably utilizes the waste rocks accumulated in the mine while filling the goaf and spacing columns in the stoping panel, thereby being beneficial to realizing green mining.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a method of safely and efficiently recovering pillars between segmented open-field subsequent-filling-method panels according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top plan view, i.e., cross-sectional view II-II of FIG. 1, of a method of safely and efficiently recovering segmented open-field subsequent filling method panel pillars in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view, III-III cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, of a method of the present invention for safely and efficiently recovering segmented open-field subsequent filling panel spacers.
The reference signs are: 1-non-cementitious infill (low strength infill); 2-cemented filling (high strength filling); 3-disc compartment columns; 4-filling the retaining wall; 5-subsection rock drilling roadway; 6-segmented contact channel; 7-stope ramp; 8-segmented liaison channels; 9-filling a waste rock covering layer; 10-a retaining wall pillar; 11-ore caving; 12-filling the raise; 13-fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes.
Detailed Description
For better description of the present invention, the following describes the method for safely and efficiently recovering the interval pillars of the segmented open-field subsequent filling panel in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
The invention relates to a method for safely and efficiently recovering panel space columns of a segmented open stope subsequent filling method, wherein a mined stope formed by alternately arranging a non-cemented filling body 1 filled with waste rocks and a cemented filling body 2 filled with tailings is arranged on two sides of the panel space columns 3, segmented rock drilling tunnels 5 and segmented connecting tunnels 6 are arranged in the panel space columns 3, filling retaining walls 4 are arranged in the segmented rock drilling tunnels 5, stope slope tunnels 7 outside panel surrounding rocks are communicated with segments, the segmented connecting tunnels 6 are respectively communicated with the stope slope tunnels 7 outside the veins and segmented vein-along connecting tunnels 8, the segmented vein-along connecting tunnels 8 are communicated with stope chutes and middle air shafts, and the panel space columns 3 are recovered by adopting the following technical scheme:
1) The existing engineering subsection rock drilling roadway 5, the subsection connecting road 6, the stope slope road 7 outside the vein and the subsection vein-following connecting road 8 in the panel interval column 3 are fully utilized; the sectional connecting channel 6 in the panel interval column 3 is used as a rock drilling roadway, and the sectional connecting channel 6 on the upper section of the stoping middle section is used as a filling roadway;
2) Arranging a filling raise 12 at intervals along the length direction of the disc compartment column 3 in the last subsection of the stoping middle section according to design parameters;
3) Retaining wall-protecting ore pillars 10 on two sides of the panel compartment pillars 3, wherein the wall-protecting ore pillars 9 are laterally supported by means of caving ores 11 and backfilling waste rocks, so that the safety of the wall-protecting ore pillars 9 is ensured; the thickness of the retaining wall ore pillars 10 reserved on two sides of the panel interval pillar 3 is reserved according to the fact that the volume of the two retaining wall ore pillars 10 accounts for 15-20% of the volume of the panel interval pillar 3; arranging a cutting raise at one end of the panel interval column 3, and drawing a groove;
4) During stoping, upward fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes 13 are chiseled in the subsection connecting channel 6, the upper subsection is 5-10 m ahead of the lower subsection, the caving ore 11 is extruded on the working face of the subsection connecting channel 6 by a covering layer, the caving ore is shoveled and loaded by a shoveling conveyor and unloaded into a draw shaft, the waste rock is poured into a filling raise 12 in the upper subsection connecting channel 6 during ore removal to form a waste rock filling covering layer 9, and ore removal is completed under the waste rock filling covering layer 9; the amount of the poured waste rocks is the same as the amount of the mined ores, and the stope is always kept in a full state;
5) And after the recovery is finished, high-strength slurry filling and leveling are carried out through the filling raise 12 to form an operation platform for lower recovery, and after the recovery of all panel intervals 3 is finished, mortar filling is carried out to ensure the filling effect, so that the recovery work of the panel intervals 3 is finished.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a method of safe high-efficient recovery segmentation open stope afterwards filling method panel intercolumn, the stope of having adopted that column (3) both sides are alternately constituteed of non-consolidated obturator (1) and consolidated obturator (2) between the panel, be equipped with segmentation rock drilling tunnel (5) and segmentation connecting channel (6) in panel intercolumn (3), be equipped with in segmentation rock drilling tunnel (5) and fill barricade (4), there are stope ramp (7) each segmentation of intercommunication outside the country rock of panel, segmentation connecting channel (6) respectively with the outer stope ramp (7) of arteries and veins, segmentation along arteries and veins connecting channel (8) intercommunication stope drop shaft and middle section air shaft, its characterized in that:
1) The existing engineering sectional rock drilling roadway (5), a sectional connecting channel (6), a stope slope channel (7) outside the vein and a sectional vein-following connecting channel (8) in the panel space column (3) are fully utilized;
2) Arranging a filling raise (12) at intervals along the length direction of the disc compartment column (3) in the last subsection of the stoping middle section according to design parameters;
3) Retaining wall-protecting ore pillars (10) at two sides of the panel interval pillars (3), wherein the wall-protecting ore pillars (10) obtain lateral support through ore caving (11) and backfilling waste rocks, so that the safety of the wall-protecting ore pillars (10) is ensured;
4) During stoping, upward fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes (13) are chiseled in the subsection connecting channel (6), the upper subsection is advanced by 5-10 m from the lower subsection, the caving ore (11) is extruded by a covering layer on the working surface of the subsection connecting channel (6), a scraper is adopted to shovel and remove ore, the ore is discharged into a draw shaft, waste rocks are poured into a filling raise (12) in the upper subsection connecting channel (6) during ore removal, a filling waste rock covering layer (9) is formed, and ore removal is completed under the filling waste rock covering layer (9); the amount of the poured waste rocks is the same as the amount of the mined ores, and the stope is always kept in a full state;
5) And after the recovery is finished, high-strength slurry filling and leveling are carried out through the filling raise (12) to form an operation platform for the lower recovery, and after the recovery of all the panel intervals (3), mortar filling is carried out to connect the roof, so that the filling effect is ensured, and the recovery work of the panel intervals (3) is finished.
2. A method of safely and efficiently recovering space columns of a segmented open-field subsequent-filling-method panel according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the retaining wall ore pillars (10) reserved on the two sides of the panel interval pillar (3) is reserved according to the fact that the volume of the two retaining wall ore pillars (10) accounts for 15-20% of the volume of the panel interval pillar (3).
3. A method of safely and efficiently recovering segmented open-field subsequent-filling-method panel spacers as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the length and the width of the panel interval column (3) are not restricted, the sectional height of the panel interval column (3) is the same as the sectional height of a stope, and the middle section height of the panel interval column (3) is composed of 3-4 sections.
4. A method for safely and efficiently recovering the space bars of the segmented open-field subsequent-filling-method disc as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: and arranging a cutting raise at one end of the panel interval column (3), drawing a groove, and then starting to recover the panel interval column (3), wherein each section in the middle section of the panel interval column (3) is recovered simultaneously, and the upper section is 6-8 m ahead of the lower section.
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