CN113582349B

CN113582349B - Multi-functional purifying box capable of self-adapting to water level change

Info

Publication number: CN113582349B
Application number: CN202110925469.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任凌霄; 丁克强; 杨明昊; 吴浩宇
Original assignee: Nanjing Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Nanjing Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2021-08-12
Filing date: 2021-08-12
Publication date: 2023-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-12
Also published as: CN113582349A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional purifying box adaptive to water level change, belonging to the technical field of water environment treatment and protection; comprises a purifying box body, a clapboard, an ecological floating bed module, a gate and a connecting rod; the purification box body is fixedly arranged in a river channel, and the partition plate divides the purification box body into an upstream compartment and a downstream compartment; the ecological floating bed module is arranged in an upstream compartment and can freely move up and down along with the change of the water level, and the up and down movement of the ecological floating bed can drive the gate to be opened and closed through the connecting rod, so that the water passing effect of the water purifying tank is ensured; when the water level is normal, the water inlet direction and the water outlet direction of the purification box are in the vertical direction, and the overflowing water body and the streaming water body are converged to form cross flow, so that the water flow speed is reduced, the interior of the purification box is fully purified, and the purification effect is improved; ecological bed of floating can independently come up during high water level to drive the gate through the connecting rod and open, thereby reduce the effect of blocking water of purifying box.

Description

Multi-functional purifying box capable of self-adapting to water level change

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water environment treatment and protection, and particularly relates to a multifunctional purifying box capable of self-adapting to water level change.

Background

Water resources are important problems which are increasingly concerned by people, and with rapid development of industry and agriculture and remarkable increase of population in recent years, the lake and reservoir non-point source pollution and water eutrophication degree are continuously improved, so that the sustainable development of society and economy is influenced, and the method becomes a research hotspot of the current ecological environment. When eutrophication occurs, a large amount of sewage and wastewater which is not treated or is incompletely treated can be directly discharged into lakes, rivers and the like, so that pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salts, residual pesticides, heavy metal ions and the like are greatly increased, the water quality of the downstream rivers and lakes, the quality of life of the masses and the water safety of industrial and agricultural production are seriously influenced, and the ecological potential safety hazard of watershed is aggravated. Meanwhile, the water treatment technology has been gradually developed from physical treatment methods such as precipitation and filtration to comprehensive application of various technologies such as advanced oxidation, membrane treatment and coagulating sedimentation after years of development, but the implementation cost of the methods is relatively high, and the popularization value in the field natural water body is not high. Therefore, the research and development of the water treatment device applied to the pollution control of the water delivery river channel has important practical value for guaranteeing the water quality safety of rivers and lakes and the sustainable development of society.

At present, the main means for purifying the water bodies of rivers and lakes is a biological technology, which is a process for reducing the concentration of pollutants in the water bodies or completely detoxifying the pollutants by utilizing the life metabolic activity of organisms so as to partially or completely recover the polluted water environment to the original state. At present, pollutant biological treatment technologies commonly used in the field comprise technologies such as constructed wetland construction, shore buffer zone arrangement, ecological revetment construction, ecological channel construction and the like, wherein the constructed wetland and the shore buffer zone have large construction floor area and long construction time, and the construction difficulty and cost for ecologically transforming the traditional vertically hardened revetment are high, so that the constructed wetland and the shore buffer zone are limited in popularization and application to a certain extent. At present, most of ecological channels are constructed by planting aquatic plants or arranging some purification devices, such as arranging biological purification boxes, ecological floating beds and the like, in the existing drainage riverways or ditches, and the concentration of pollutants in the water body is reduced to a certain extent by the measures. But the purifying box is easily influenced by the silt attachment at the bottom of the ditch, and the ecological floating bed needs to be cleaned and harvested in time in the growth process, otherwise, rotten branches and leaves can enter the water again to cause secondary pollution. More importantly, the traditional biological purification box and the ecological floating bed have obvious water-blocking effect in the river channel, and the plant roots at the bottoms of the purification box and the floating bed are easily damaged by the impact of water flow and sediment under the impact of large water flow.

Chinese patent CN 107055808A discloses a hanging box type combined floating bed, which comprises a floating bed base body, a plurality of biological purification boxes and a plurality of hanging mechanisms; this patent is connected biological purification case in the below of floating bed base member through hanging the mechanism, adopts the flexible mode of concatenating between each purifying box, and the box can be along with the rivers swing, has effectually reduced the resistance to the rivers, has purification efficiency height, hinders advantages such as water rate is low, simple to operate. But this invention does not address the resistance of the purification tank to water.

Chinese patent CN 210393872U discloses a modular biological purification box for purifying water quality of rivers and lakes, wherein the filler of the patent adopts soft fiber filler which is filled in a hollow spherical framework, so that the filler is not easy to block; although the problem of filler jam has been solved to this patent, the box is the structure of permeating water, still can't solve the problem of blocking water of flood season purification box.

Therefore, an ecological purification device is needed, the advantages of the biological purification box and the ecological floating bed are scientifically combined, the water blocking effect of the purification device can be reduced while water pollutants are purified, and the survival rate of aquatic plants is ensured; can obviously reduce the layout and maintenance cost of the ecological purification device, and has positive significance for the treatment of the polluted river and lake water body.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional purifying box adaptive to water level change, which is coupled with an ecological floating bed and biological packing balls and greatly improves the water purifying efficiency; the ecological floating bed drives the gate to be opened and closed when moving up and down along with the water level, so that the water passing effect of the purification box is ensured, and the water blocking problem of the purification box is solved.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the method is specifically realized by the following technologies:

a multifunctional purifying box adaptive to water level change is characterized by comprising a purifying box body, a partition plate, an ecological floating bed module, a gate and a connecting rod;

the interior of the purification box body is of a cavity structure, and the partition plate divides the purification box body into an upstream compartment and a downstream compartment; the top of the upstream compartment is open, and the ecological floating bed module is arranged in the upstream compartment; a water inlet hole is formed in the side face, opposite to the partition plate, of the upstream partition, and a water outlet hole is formed in the side face, perpendicular to the side face where the water inlet hole is formed, of the upstream partition; the side surface of the downstream compartment opposite to the partition plate is open, the top of the downstream compartment is provided with a through hole, and the gate penetrates through the through hole and is parallel to the partition plate; the partition plate is provided with a rectangular through hole and a water passing channel, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the gate, and the other end of the connecting rod passes through the rectangular through hole and is fixedly connected with the ecological floating bed module.

The ecological floating bed module can drive the gate to open and close by moving up and down, so that the water passing mode, the hydraulic retention time and the pollutant purification effect of the purification box are influenced. The river water flows into the purifying box body from the water inlet hole, the water in the purifying box flows out of the purifying box body from the water outlet hole, and the water inlet hole and the water outlet hole are arranged on the side surfaces which are vertical to each other, so that the overflowing water and the streaming water are converged to form cross flow, the flow velocity of the streaming water is slowed down, and the water is fully purified in the purifying box body.

Further, the gate has a width equal to a length of the open side of the downstream compartment, the length being greater than a height of the purge bin. When the shutter is in the closed state, the water flow cannot flow out from the opening side of the purifying box body.

Further, the volume of the upstream compartment is 3 to 4 times that of the downstream compartment.

Furthermore, the distance between the upper edge and the lower edge of the water inlet hole and the upper edge and the lower edge of the purification box body is 10-15 cm, and the lower edge of the water outlet hole is 5-8 cm higher than the lower edge of the water inlet hole. Settled silt may be collected at the bottom of the upstream compartment.

Further, the ecological floating bed module comprises a floating bed frame, a planting matrix, aquatic plants and biological filler ball units; a gap is reserved between the floating bed frame and the upstream compartment, the planting substrate is fixed on the floating bed frame, and the biological packing ball unit is fixedly connected below the floating bed frame. The number of the biological packing ball units can be adjusted according to the size of the purifying box body, so that the purpose of adjusting the weight of the floating bed module is achieved by increasing or decreasing the packing ball units.

The floating bed frame and the upstream compartment have a gap therebetween, so the floating bed frame can freely move up and down in the purification box body along with the change of the water level.

Furthermore, the biological filler ball unit comprises a biological filler ball and a connecting structure, the biological filler ball is made of polyolefin plastics and is hollow spherical in shape, and a polyurethane matrix biological filler is filled in the biological filler ball.

Furthermore, a purification gravel layer is laid at the bottom of the purification box body, and the particle size of the gravel is 3-5 cm. The gravel layer can strengthen the purifying effect of the invention on the water body through the contact oxidation process while stabilizing the purifying box body, and can receive a part of settled silt particles flowing through the water body.

Furthermore, the purifying box is crisscross to be set up in the river course, inlet opening place side and shore protection bottom parallel and level, the apopore is placed in the one side of keeping away from the river course shore protection.

Furthermore, the water body in the river channel enters the box body from the water inlet, when the water body is at a normal water level in the non-flood season, the gate is in a closed state, and the water body is purified by the purification box and then flows out from the water outlet; when the water purification box is in a flood season, the floating bed module drives the gate to be opened through the connecting rod, and the water body flows out of the water outlet holes and the water passing channel after being purified by the purification box body, so that the resistance of the purification box to water flow is reduced.

Furthermore, the baffle is detachable construction to make things convenient for regularly to clear up silt in the purifying box, clear away rotten aquatic plant branch and leaf, maintain ecological floating bed or change biological packing ball.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) The ecological floating bed and the biological packing balls are coupled in the basic structure of the purification tank, so that the water purification efficiency can be greatly improved, wherein the ecological floating bed can move up and down according to the water level change, and the opening and closing of the gate are driven while the continuous growth of aquatic plants is ensured, so that the water passing effect of the purification tank is ensured;

(2) When the water level is normal, the water inlet direction and the water outlet direction of the purification box are in the vertical direction, and the overflowing water body and the streaming water body are converged to form cross flow, so that the flow velocity of the streaming water body is reduced, the interior of the purification box is fully purified, and the purification effect is improved; the ecological floating bed can float upwards automatically at a high water level and drives the gate to open through the connecting rod, so that the water blocking effect of the purification box is reduced;

(3) The invention divides the purifying box into an upstream compartment and a downstream compartment, and the clapboard and the gate have the functions of a wave-absorbing plate to a certain extent: when the river water body enters the upstream compartment or enters the downstream compartment through the water passing channel, the flow direction of the river water body is changed under the blocking action of the partition plate and the gate respectively, so that the water flow in the water purifying tank is relatively stable, and the influence of the flow velocity fluctuation of the river water body on the internal state of the purifying tank body is reduced; meanwhile, the stable water flow is beneficial to the sedimentation of silt in the purifying box body, so that the adverse effects of the silt on the growth of aquatic plants and the propagation of microorganisms on the filler balls are reduced;

(4) The species and planting density of the plants of the ecological floating bed can be selected independently, the aquatic plants can be taken away at any time for replacement and repair, and meanwhile, the water immersion depth of the ecological floating bed can be adjusted according to the overall weight of the ecological floating bed, so that the opening and closing degree of a gate is adjusted;

(5) The purification box has a simple structure, is convenient to install, is convenient and quick in construction process, is easy to popularize and implement, does not need a large amount of capital construction projects, can be popularized and used in various river channels, and can improve the purification treatment effect of river channel water bodies by arranging a plurality of purification boxes in a river bank in a staggered manner.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the multifunctional purification box of the present invention installed in a river;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the multifunctional purification box of the present invention installed in a river;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the multifunctional purifying box of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the multifunctional purification box installed in a river;

FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4 atbase:Sub>A normal water level;

FIG. 6 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4 atbase:Sub>A high water level;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view A '-A' of FIG. 4 at a high water level;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 4 at a high water level;

wherein: 1. river bank protection; 2. purifying the box body; 3. a gate; 4. an aquatic plant; 5. a water inlet hole; 6. a water level; 7. the bottom of the revetment; 8. a slot position; 9. a water outlet hole; 10. the direction of the water flow; 11. a floating bed frame; 12. planting a matrix; 13. a partition plate; 14. a connecting rod; 15. a water passage; 16. a nylon cord; 17. biological filler balls; 18. a gravel layer; 19. and a rectangular through hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The application of the principles of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the embodiment provides a multifunctional purifying box adaptive to the water level change of a river channel, which comprises a purifying box body 2, a partition plate 13, an ecological floating bed module, a gate 3 and a connecting rod 14; the purifying box body 2 is fixedly placed in a river channel between river channel revetments 1, and the bottom edge of the purifying box body 2 is flush with the bottom 7 of the revetments; as shown in fig. 3, the purifying box body 2 of the present embodiment is a cuboid, the interior of the purifying box body is a cavity structure, the purifying box body 2 is integrally formed by engineering plastics, and the wall thickness of the box body is 5-7 cm; the top of the tank wall in the length direction is provided with a tank position 8, the width of the tank position 8 is 2-3 cm, and the depth is 1-2 cm; as shown in fig. 5, the partition 13 is vertically installed at about 1/4 of the left side of the purification box body 2, the cross section of the partition 13 is in an inverted L shape, and the partition 13 is integrally formed by engineering plastics; the width of the partition 13 is the same as the width of the purification tank 2 (except for the wall thickness), and the length is the same as the height of the purification tank 2. The purifying box body 2 is divided into an upstream compartment and a downstream compartment by a partition plate 13, the top of the upstream compartment is opened, and the side surface of the right side of the upstream compartment is provided with a plurality of rectangular water inlet holes 5; the water body flows into an upstream compartment of the purifying box body 2 from a water inlet 5 on the right side of the purifying box body 2 along the river course water flow direction 10; the upper edge and the lower edge of the water inlet 5 are 10-15 cm away from the upper edge and the lower edge of the purifying box body 2, and the width and the number of the water inlet 5 can be automatically adjusted according to the flow; a plurality of rectangular water outlet holes 9 are formed in the outer side surface of the upstream partition of the purification box body 2, and water in the purification box body 2 can flow out of the water outlet holes 9; the height of the water outlet hole 9 is 20-30 cm, and the lower edge of the water outlet hole 9 is 5-8 cm higher than the lower edge of the water inlet hole 5, so that the purifying box has a certain collecting effect on settled silt.

As shown in fig. 4 to 5, the ecological floating bed module of the present embodiment is disposed in the upstream compartment of the purification box 2 and can freely move up and down with the change of the water level 6; comprises a floating bed frame 11, a planting matrix 12, aquatic plants 4 and a biological filler unit; the planting substrate 12 is fixed on the floating bed frame 11 and used for planting the aquatic plants 4, and the biological filler ball unit is fixedly connected below the floating bed frame 11.

As shown in fig. 8, two ends of the top surface of the partition plate 13 are provided with protrusions, and the partition plate 13 is clamped and fixed with the slot 8 at the top of the tank wall of the purification tank body 2 through the protrusions; two rectangular through holes 19 are symmetrically formed in the upper portion of the side face of the partition plate 13, and two circular water passing channels 15 are formed in the lower portion of the side face of the partition plate; the lower edge of the water passage 15 is spaced from the bottom of the purifying tank 2 by 8 to 10cm, and as shown in fig. 5, water in the upstream compartment of the purifying tank 2 can flow into the downstream working compartment through the water passage 15.

As shown in fig. 5, the partition plate 13 of the present embodiment has a through hole on the top surface, the gate 3 is installed in the through hole on the top surface of the partition plate 13, and the gate 3 can vertically ascend or descend in the through hole; the width of the gate 3 is the same as that of the purification box body 2 (except the wall thickness), the length is larger than the height of the purification box body 2, the thickness is 1cm, the interior is hollow, and the material is stainless steel; when the gate 3 is in a closed state, water flow cannot flow out from the left side of the purification box body 2; one end of the connecting rod 14 is fixedly connected with the gate 3, and the other end is fixedly connected with the floating bed frame 11 through a rectangular through hole 19. The connecting rod 14 can move up and down through a rectangular through hole 19 on the side surface of the partition plate 13, so that when the ecological floating bed module moves up and down, the ecological floating bed module can drive the gate 3 to open or close through the connecting rod 14. The connecting rod 14 is connected to the gate 3 at the following positions: when the gate 3 is in a closed state, the river channel is at the normal water level height; the bottom height of the rectangular through hole 19 is the normal water level height of the river channel, and the top height is the highest water level height of the river channel in the flood season;

as shown in fig. 4, the floating bed frame 11 of the present embodiment is a hollow structure made of engineering plastics, which enables the ecological floating bed module to float on the water surface; the width and the length of the floating bed frame 11 are 1-2 cm smaller than the width and the length of the interior of an upstream compartment of the purifying box body, and the floating bed frame 11 can freely move up and down in the purifying box body 2 along with the change of the water level 6; a certain gap is left between the planting matrixes 12 to increase the gas exchange area of the water body below. As shown in fig. 5, the bio-filler ball unit comprises a plurality of nylon ropes 16 and a plurality of bio-filler balls 17, the upper ends of the nylon ropes 16 are fixedly connected to the floating bed frame 11, the nylon ropes 16 are fixedly connected with a plurality of bio-filler balls 17 at equal intervals, and the intervals of the bio-filler balls 17 are 5-8 cm. The biological filler ball 17 is made of polyolefin plastic, is in a hollow spherical shape, and is internally provided with a biological filler of a polyurethane matrix.

As shown in fig. 4, the bottom of the upstream compartment of the purifying box 2 is paved with a gravel layer 18, the particle size of the gravel is 3-5 cm, the upper edge of the gravel layer 18 is lower than the lower edge of the water inlet hole 5 and is flush with the lower edge of the water passing channel 15; the gravel layer 18 stabilizes the purification box body 2, enhances the purification effect of the multifunctional purification box on the water body through a contact oxidation process, and can receive a part of settled silt particles of the overflowing water body.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: firstly, designing the combination shape of the ecological floating bed module, the planting density of aquatic plants and the number of biological filler balls 17 connected in series below a floating bed frame 11 according to the size of a purification box body 2 and the water quality purification requirement; then determining the length and the fixed position of the partition plate 13 according to the size of the floating bed module; and then the fixed connection position of the gate 3 and the connecting rod 14 is determined according to the variation range of the target river water level 6, and the assembled multifunctional purifying box is fixedly placed in the river channel between the river channel revetments 1.

Under the condition of normal water level in the non-flood season, as shown in fig. 5, the ecological floating bed module floats on the water level 6 and is at a lower position, and the floating bed frame 11 drives the gate 3 to be in a closed state through the connecting rod 14; at the moment, the polluted water body of the river channel enters the purifying box body 2 from the water inlet 5, partial silt particles on the back of the water body impacting the gate 3 along the water flow direction 10 can settle in a downstream compartment of the purifying box body 2, then the water body can flow out from the water outlet 9, and the flow velocity of the streaming water body can be reduced when the overflowing water body and the streaming water body are converged to form cross flow, so that the water body is fully purified in the purifying box body 2; the gravel layer 18 of the compartment upstream of the purification tank enhances the pollutant removal effect of the present invention by a contact oxidation process, and a portion of the silt of the overflowing body of water gradually settles inside the gravel layer 18. When the river course water level is less than normal water level, can temporarily take off the aquatic plant 4 of floating bed top, directly utilize the biological packing ball 17 that hangs below the floating bed frame to purify water quality to through the weight that increases biological packing ball 17 in order to increase ecological floating bed module, reach the effect that the gate was closed.

Under the condition of high water level in a flood season, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the ecological floating bed module floats on the water level 6 and is at a higher position, and the floating bed frame 11 drives the gate 3 to be in an open state through the connecting rod 14; at the moment, after the polluted water in the river channel enters the purification box body 2 from the water inlet 5, most of the polluted water can flow out of the purification box body 2 through the water channel 15 along the water flow direction 10, so that the rigid blocking effect of the purification box on the water is reduced, and the over-flow is improved. After the flood of the river channel is finished, the water level 6 of the river channel is lowered to enable the position of the ecological floating bed to be lowered again, the gate 3 is in a closed state again, and the purification box is restored to the working condition when in normal water level. Under two working states, the biological packing balls 17 fixedly connected with the bottom of the ecological floating bed module can swing along with water flow, so that the purification efficiency of the ecological floating bed module on polluted water is effectively improved while the roots of plants are protected and the water flow scouring is reduced.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional purifying box adaptive to water level change is characterized by comprising a purifying box body, a partition plate, an ecological floating bed module, a gate and a connecting rod;

the interior of the purification box body is of a cavity structure, and the partition plate divides the purification box body into an upstream compartment and a downstream compartment; the top of the upstream compartment is open, and the ecological floating bed module is arranged in the upstream compartment; the side surface of the upstream compartment opposite to the partition plate is provided with a water inlet, and the side surface vertical to the side surface where the water inlet is positioned is provided with a water outlet; the side surface of the downstream compartment opposite to the partition plate is opened, a through hole is formed in the top of the downstream compartment, and the gate penetrates through the through hole and is parallel to the partition plate; the partition board is provided with a rectangular through hole and a water passing channel, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the gate, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the ecological floating bed module through the rectangular through hole.

2. The multi-functional purification box of adaptive water level variation according to claim 1, wherein the gate has a width the same as the length of the open side of the downstream compartment, and a length greater than the height of the purification box body.

3. The multi-functional purification tank of adaptive water level variation according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the upstream compartment is 3 to 4 times that of the downstream compartment.

4. The multifunctional purifying box capable of adapting to the water level change of claim 1, wherein the upper edge and the lower edge of the water inlet are 10-15 cm away from the upper edge and the lower edge of the purifying box body, and the lower edge of the water outlet is 5-8 cm higher than the lower edge of the water inlet.

5. The multi-functional purification box of self-adaptive water level change according to claim 1, wherein the ecological floating bed module comprises a floating bed frame, a planting substrate, aquatic plants and biological packing ball units; a gap is reserved between the floating bed frame and the upstream partition, the planting substrate is fixed on the floating bed frame, and the biological packing ball unit is fixedly connected below the floating bed frame.

6. The multifunctional purifying box capable of adapting to water level change according to claim 5, wherein the biological filler ball unit comprises a biological filler ball and a connecting structure, the biological filler ball is made of polyolefin plastics and is hollow spherical, and biological fillers with polyurethane matrixes are filled in the biological filler ball.

7. The multifunctional purifying box capable of adapting to water level change of claim 6, wherein the distance between the filler balls is 5-8 cm.

8. The multifunctional purifying box capable of adapting to the water level change according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the upstream compartment is paved with a purifying gravel layer, and the particle size of the gravel is 3-5 cm.

9. The multifunctional purifying box capable of adapting to water level changes according to claim 1, wherein the purifying boxes are arranged in a river channel in a staggered mode, the side face of each water inlet hole is flush with the bottom of the bank protection, and the water outlet holes are arranged on the side far away from the bank protection of the river channel.

10. The multifunctional purifying box capable of adapting to water level change according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a river water body enters the box body from a water inlet, when the water body is at a normal water level in an non-flood period, the gate is in a closed state, and the water body flows out from a water outlet after being purified by the purifying box; when being in flood season, the floating bed module drives the gate through the connecting rod and opens, and the water flows out from apopore and water channel after the purification of purifying box to reduce the resistance of purifying box to rivers.