CN113575338A - Method for improving tobacco fragrance by regulating and controlling nitrogen dosage of tobacco field - Google Patents
Method for improving tobacco fragrance by regulating and controlling nitrogen dosage of tobacco field Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113575338A CN113575338A CN202110881535.4A CN202110881535A CN113575338A CN 113575338 A CN113575338 A CN 113575338A CN 202110881535 A CN202110881535 A CN 202110881535A CN 113575338 A CN113575338 A CN 113575338A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- nitrogen
- fragrance
- regulating
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 10
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010813 internal standard method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009105 vegetative growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000086254 Arnica montana Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003715 nutritional status Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002706 plastid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001303 quality assessment method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling the nitrogen dosage of tobacco fields to improve the fragrance of tobacco leaves, which increases the nitrogen dosage of field by 15 to 20 percent of the normal nitrogen application amount in the tobacco leaf transplanting period by increasing the nitrogen dosage in the early stage; and (3) adjusting deficiency of the field nitrogen fertilizer in the topping period of the mature period, and adjusting deficiency of the field nitrogen fertilizer by 45-60% in a watering and sprinkling manner before and after topping. After the regulation and control scheme is adopted, the sufficient nitrogen nutrition in the early stage provides a material basis for vigorous carbon and nitrogen metabolism before and in the middle stage of tobacco plants, formation of sufficient photosynthetic products and accumulation of a large amount of aroma precursor substances; the deficiency is regulated after topping to promote tobacco plants to mature in good time, nitrogen metabolism is timely converted and weakened, conditions are provided for conversion of accumulated substances in the early stage, particularly full degradation and conversion of fragrance precursor substances, deficiency regulation is favorable for effectively regulating and controlling the level of nitrogen fertilizer, early-stage vegetative growth is promoted, yield is improved, later-stage maturation and yellowing are promoted, fragrance is increased, and quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco production, belongs to a tobacco cultivation technology, and particularly relates to a method for regulating and controlling the use amount of nitrogen in a tobacco field to improve the fragrance of tobacco leaves.
Background
The nitrogen has important contribution to the quality formation and the appearance of style characteristics of the tobacco leaves, and the nutritional status of the nitrogen has important effects on the growth and development, the yield and the quality of the flue-cured tobacco and the availability of the flue-cured tobacco. The tobacco growth is sensitive to nitrogen, each tobacco plant needs to absorb 6-10 g of nitrogen from soil, and the overground part of the tobacco plant grows slowly in 35 days after the tobacco plant is transplanted, the tobacco plant has small leaf area and few products, is an accumulation stage of the tobacco plant on the nitrogen, and the absorbed nitrogen accounts for 30% -40% of the total absorbed nitrogen. 35 d-70 d after transplanting is the period when the tobacco plants grow most vigorously and dry matter is accumulated most, and is the key period for forming yield and quality. The absorption of the tobacco plant to nutrient elements such as nitrogen after topping is gradually reduced, and the timely reduction of nitrogen metabolism is an important condition for ensuring the normal maturity and yellowing of the tobacco leaves and promoting the degradation and conversion of the aroma precursors of the tobacco leaves.
The method has the advantages of wide China regions, wide flue-cured tobacco distribution, large difference of soil environment and large difference of nitrogen consumption. The nitrogen application amount of Huang-Huai-Yan district represented by Henan is 45-52.5 kg/hm2Is suitable. The nitrogen application amount of the southwest smoke area taking Yunnan as core is 82.5-97.5 kg/hm2It is preferable. The content of the mineral is 79.95-90 kg/hm in Guizhou2The research result of the optimum nitrogen application amount of the Anhui southern sand soil tobacco leaves shows that the applied pure nitrogen is 75-90 kg/hm2Is most beneficial to the display of the sweet aroma of the coke.
Under the condition of regulating the nitrogen content in the later stage, the nitrogen nutrient level in the early stage of the growth of the flue-cured tobacco is properly improved, the quality of the tobacco leaves is favorably improved, the plastid pigment in the early stage is vigorously synthesized and fully degraded and converted in the later stage, the degradation of macromolecular substances such as protein and starch in the tobacco leaves in the mature stage can be promoted, the chemical components are relatively coordinated, the growth vigor of the tobacco plants in the later stage is controlled, the mature yellowing is promoted, the content of neutral aroma substances is increased, the yield, the quality and the economic benefit of the tobacco leaves are effectively improved, and the style of the strong aromatic tobacco leaves is revealed.
The nitrogen leaching loss refers to a process that nitrogen which is not absorbed and utilized by crops in soil permeates into deep soil and underground water along with rainfall or irrigation water and is discharged into rivers and lakes through ditches, and further nitrogen loss of farmlands is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the fragrance of tobacco leaves by regulating and controlling the using amount of nitrogen in tobacco fields, and aims to solve the problems of insufficient early vegetative growth, late yellowing in later maturation stage, insufficient fragrance and the like of flue-cured tobacco leaves.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for regulating and controlling the dosage of nitrogen in tobacco to improve the fragrance of tobacco leaves comprises the following steps:
1) determining the conventional nitrogen application amount M for the tobacco planting land block and the tobacco transplanting period0And the normal nitrogen application amount P during topping of the mature period0；
2) In the transplanting period of the tobacco leaves, the application amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is M1Wherein M is1＝M0+(15％-20％)M0；
3) In the mature period-topping period, the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer is P1In which P is1＝P0-(45％-60％)P0。
Preferably, the aroma change of the tobacco leaves is analyzed by measuring the agronomic characters of the growth and development of the tobacco leaves, the change of the soil chemical components of the tobacco planting plots, the evaluation of the appearance quality, the chemical components of the tobacco leaves after baking, the neutral aroma substances and the change of the sensory quality.
Preferably, the agronomic traits of tobacco growth and development comprise the measurement of plant height and maximum leaf area;
fully-extended growing points of leaves and stems are taken in the transplanting and rooting stage, the vigorous growing stage and the dome stage respectively, and the plant height and the maximum leaf area of the tobacco plant are measured respectively.
Preferably, the appearance quality evaluation is carried out in a visual inspection dividing mode, and the indexes comprise color, chroma and oil content for quality grade division, wherein the color comprises cyan, normal yellow, golden yellow, dark yellow, light red orange, red brown and brown, and the total grade is eight; the chroma comprises thick, strong, medium, weak and light, and the total is five grades; the oil includes more, some, slightly and less, in four grades.
Preferably, the flue-cured tobacco leaf chemical components include at least one of soluble total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, potassium, and chlorine.
Preferably, the indexes of the sensory quality evaluation comprise aroma quality, aroma amount, concentration, softness and fineness, aftertaste, miscellaneous gas, irritation and strength;
the total score calculation formula of the sensory quality evaluation is as follows:
t ═ a + B × 2.0+ (C + D) × 1.5+ E + F + G + H, where T is the sensory quality evaluation total score, a is the fragrance quality score, B is the fragrance amount score, C is the concentration score, D is the fineness score, E is the aftertaste score, F is the miscellaneous gas score, G is the irritation score, and H is the strength score.
Preferably, the neutral aroma substance is measured by extracting the aroma substance by a simultaneous distillation and extraction instrument, and measuring the content of the aroma components by an internal standard method by using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer.
Preferably, specifically, weighing a tobacco leaf sample, putting the tobacco leaf sample into a round-bottom flask, sequentially adding citric acid, nitrobenzene and deionized water, fully shaking up, collecting an organic phase by using dichloromethane as an extracting agent and adopting a simultaneous distillation and extraction method, concentrating to a set volume, and performing qualitative search through a GC/MS identification result and a NIST08 library.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the technical scheme, the yield is improved in the early stage of vegetative growth and the fragrance is improved by effectively regulating and controlling the level of the nitrogen fertilizer, so that the method is one of the simplest, most convenient, most effective and most feasible ways for improving field growth of the tobacco at present.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below by examples, and the following examples are only exemplary and can be used only for explaining and explaining the technical solutions of the present invention, but not construed as limiting the technical solutions of the present invention.
1 test set-up
The test is carried out in 2019, a field test is designed in a flat-top mountain tobacco area, a sandy loam tobacco field with flat terrain, convenient irrigation and drainage and medium fertility is selected, and the soil property is as follows: pH 7.38, organic matter 15.17 g/kg. The conventional fertilization is carried out twice, the first time is in the tobacco seedling transplanting period, the second time is in the mature period-topping period, the conventional fertilization amount is the same twice, and the conventional fertilization amount is 50kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen application, which is the control example CK.
Example 1
Transplanting in field at the beginning of 5 months, and increasing the nitrogen application level by 15 percent by taking the normal nitrogen application level as a control in the period, namely applying pure nitrogen with the amount of 57.5kg/hm 2; and (3) performing secondary fertilization in a maturation period and a topping period, and performing experimental treatment to regulate the nitrogen level and apply pure nitrogen of 20kg/hm2, wherein the experimental number is T1.
Example 2
Transplanting in field at the beginning of 5 months, and increasing the nitrogen application level by 15 percent by taking the normal nitrogen application level as a control in the period, namely applying pure nitrogen with the amount of 57.5kg/hm 2; and (3) performing secondary fertilization in a maturation period and a topping period, and performing experimental treatment to regulate the nitrogen level and apply pure nitrogen of 14kg/hm2, wherein the experimental number is T2.
Example 3
Transplanting in field at the beginning of 5 months, and increasing the nitrogen application level by 15 percent by taking the normal nitrogen application level as a control in the period, namely applying pure nitrogen with the amount of 60kg/hm 2; and (3) performing secondary fertilization in a maturation period and a topping period, and performing experimental treatment to regulate the nitrogen level and apply pure nitrogen of 20kg/hm2, wherein the experimental number is T3.
Example 4
Transplanting in field at the beginning of 5 months, and increasing the nitrogen application level by 15 percent by taking the normal nitrogen application level as a control in the period, namely applying pure nitrogen with the amount of 60kg/hm 2; and (3) performing secondary fertilization in a maturation period and a topping period, and performing experimental treatment to regulate the nitrogen level and apply pure nitrogen of 14kg/hm2, wherein the experimental number is T4.
Periodically measuring the agronomic characters 40 days after the flue-cured tobacco is transplanted, uniformly topping 70 days after the flue-cured tobacco is transplanted, keeping 20-22 leaves, and baking and modulating the leaves for determination and analysis of chemical components, neutral aroma components, sensory quality and the like.
Researching the influence of the agronomic characters, soil chemical components, chemical components of the flue-cured tobacco leaves, neutral aroma substances and sensory quality of the growth and development of the tobacco leaves.
Table 1 test handling list
2 results and analysis
2.1 agricultural characters in the field
As can be seen from Table 2, the difference between the plant heights and the maximum leaf areas of the two treatments is not significant in the plantlet stage; in the vigorous growth period and the doming period, the height and the maximum leaf area of the T-treated plant are respectively obviously improved compared with CK; in the harvesting period, the CK treated plant height and the maximum leaf area are respectively obviously improved compared with T.
TABLE 2 agronomic traits
2.2 analysis and comparison of the quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves
Conventional chemical composition determination
Chemical component detection indexes and methods soluble total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, potassium and chlorine contents in tobacco leaf samples are detected according to industry unified standards by referring to YC/T159-2002, YC/T160-2002, YC/T161-2002, YC/T173-2003 and YC/T162-2002 respectively.
TABLE 3 conventional chemical composition
| Test treatment | CK | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 |
| Total nitrogen | 2.18ab | 2.47a | 2.01b | 2.47a | 2.11b |
| Protein (%) | 11.41ab | 12.22a | 10.45b | 12.22a | 11.34ab |
| Reducing sugar (%) | 15.87bc | 18.66ab | 19.03a | 18.66ab | 15.48c |
| Total sugar (%) | 21.13ab | 23.16a | 21.93ab | 23.16a | 19.66b |
| Nicotine (%) | 2.55a | 2.33a | 3.04a | 2.33a | 2.51a |
| Potassium (%) | 1.08b | 0.94b | 1.54a | 0.94b | 0.99b |
| Chlorine (%) | 0.24a | 0.22a | 0.32a | 0.22a | 0.28a |
| Total sugar/nicotine | 8.39ab | 9.95a | 7.51b | 9.95a | 7.86ab |
| Reducing sugars/Total sugars | 0.75b | 0.81ab | 0.87a | 0.81ab | 0.78ab |
| Potassium/chlorine | 4.48a | 4.51a | 5.66a | 4.51a | 3.55a |
2.3 measurement of aroma substances
Extracting aroma substances by a simultaneous distillation and extraction instrument, and measuring the content (mass fraction) of aroma components by an internal standard method (nitrobenzene) by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. Weigh 20.000g of a smoke sample into a 100mL round bottom flask, add 2.0g of citric acid, 0.5mL of internal standard, and 500mL of deionized water in that order, and shake well. The organic phase was collected by simultaneous distillation and extraction using 40mL of dichloromethane as extractant, and the sample was concentrated to about 1mL for use. Samples were characterized by GC/MS identification and NIST08 library search.
As can be seen from Table 2, the difference between the plant heights and the maximum leaf areas of the two treatments is not significant in the plantlet stage; in the vigorous growth period and the doming period, the height and the maximum leaf area of the T-treated plant are respectively obviously improved compared with CK; in the harvesting period, the CK treated plant height and the maximum leaf area are respectively obviously improved compared with T.
Table 4 neutral aroma units: mg/kg
2.4 sensory quality assessment method:
evaluation of tobacco sensory quality by 11 professional smokers in the tobacco technology center of Henan according to YC/T138-1988 sensory evaluation method of tobacco and tobacco products
TABLE 4 sensory quality evaluation Table
| Test treatment | CK | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 |
| Sensory quality score | 68.25 | 72.12 | 75.21 | 73.24 | 74.38 |
In conclusion, after the test treatment, the nitrogen fertilizer dosage is increased in the early stage, the nitrogen element is moderately regulated in the later stage of maturation period, the improvement of the tobacco leaf quality is facilitated, the sensory quality score is higher than the control, the total amount of the aroma substances is higher than the control, and the 4 treatments are respectively as follows: t1, increasing early stage by 15% and adjusting maturity by 50%; t2, increasing early stage by 15% and adjusting maturity by 60%; t3, increasing early stage by 20% and adjusting maturity by 50%; t4, increasing 20% of the early stage, adjusting the deficiency of the mature period by 60%, and sequencing the adjusting and controlling effects in sequence as follows: t2 greater than T4 greater than T3 greater than T1. Therefore, the best regulation mode is as follows: under the normal level of applying nitrogen fertilizer, 15% of nitrogen is added in the early stage, and 60% of nitrogen is regulated in the later stage of maturation, which is most beneficial to improving the quality of tobacco leaves, increasing the aroma quality of the tobacco leaves and improving the sensory quality.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for regulating and controlling the using amount of nitrogen in a tobacco field to improve the fragrance of tobacco leaves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) determining the conventional nitrogen application amount M for the tobacco planting land block and the tobacco transplanting period0And the normal nitrogen application amount P during topping of the mature period0；
2) In the transplanting period of the tobacco leaves, the application amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is M1Wherein M is1＝M0+(15％-20％)M0；
3) In the mature period-topping period, the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer is P1In which P is1＝P0-(45％-60％)P0。
2. The method for improving the fragrance of the tobacco leaves by regulating the using amount of the tobacco nitrogen according to claim 1, wherein the change of the fragrance of the tobacco leaves is analyzed by measuring the agronomic characters of the growth and development of the tobacco leaves, the change of the chemical components of the soil of the tobacco planting land, the evaluation of the appearance quality, the change of the chemical components, the neutral fragrance substances and the sensory quality of the baked tobacco leaves.
3. The method for improving the fragrance of the tobacco leaves by regulating the using amount of the nitrogen in the tobacco fields according to claim 2, wherein the agronomic characters of the growth and development of the tobacco leaves comprise the measurement of the plant height and the maximum leaf area;
fully-extended growing points of leaves and stems are taken in the transplanting and rooting stage, the vigorous growing stage and the dome stage respectively, and the plant height and the maximum leaf area of the tobacco plant are measured respectively.
4. The method for improving the fragrance of the tobacco leaves by regulating the using amount of the nitrogen in the tobacco fields according to claim 2, wherein the appearance quality evaluation is carried out in a visual classification mode, and indexes comprise color, chroma and oil content for quality grade classification, wherein the color comprises green, positive yellow, golden yellow, dark yellow, light red orange, red brown and brown, and the total is eight grades; the chroma comprises thick, strong, medium, weak and light, and the total is five grades; the oil includes more, some, slightly and less, in four grades.
5. The method for improving the fragrance of tobacco leaves by regulating the dosage of nitrogen in the tobacco fields according to claim 2, wherein the chemical components of the tobacco leaves after baking comprise at least one of soluble total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, potassium and chlorine.
6. The method for improving the fragrance of the tobacco leaves by regulating the using amount of the nitrogen element in the tobacco fields as claimed in claim 2, wherein the indexes of sensory quality evaluation comprise fragrance quality, fragrance amount, concentration, fineness, aftertaste, miscellaneous gas, irritation and strength;
the total score calculation formula of the sensory quality evaluation is as follows:
t ═ a + B × 2.0+ (C + D) × 1.5+ E + F + G + H, where T is the sensory quality evaluation total score, a is the fragrance quality score, B is the fragrance amount score, C is the concentration score, D is the fineness score, E is the aftertaste score, F is the miscellaneous gas score, G is the irritation score, and H is the strength score.
7. The method for improving the fragrance of the tobacco leaves by regulating the using amount of the smoke nitrogen according to claim 2, wherein the neutral fragrance substance is measured by extracting the fragrance substance by a simultaneous distillation and extraction instrument, and the content of the fragrance ingredient is measured by an internal standard method by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyzer.
8. The method for improving tobacco fragrance by regulating the using amount of the tobacco nitrogen according to claim 7, is characterized in that specifically, a tobacco sample is weighed and placed into a round-bottomed flask, citric acid, nitrobenzene and deionized water are sequentially added, after the mixture is fully shaken up, dichloromethane is used as an extracting agent, an organic phase is collected by a simultaneous distillation and extraction method, the organic phase is concentrated to a set volume, and qualitative results are obtained through GC/MS identification and NIST08 library retrieval.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110881535.4A CN113575338A (en) | 2021-08-02 | 2021-08-02 | Method for improving tobacco fragrance by regulating and controlling nitrogen dosage of tobacco field |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110881535.4A CN113575338A (en) | 2021-08-02 | 2021-08-02 | Method for improving tobacco fragrance by regulating and controlling nitrogen dosage of tobacco field |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113575338A true CN113575338A (en) | 2021-11-02 |
Family
ID=78253839
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110881535.4A Pending CN113575338A (en) | 2021-08-02 | 2021-08-02 | Method for improving tobacco fragrance by regulating and controlling nitrogen dosage of tobacco field |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113575338A (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105309097A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2016-02-10 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Method for determining optimal nitrogen fertilizer application amount of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN108990747A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-12-14 | 黔南州烟草公司瓮安县分公司 | A kind of cultural method improving tobacco aroma quality perfume quantity |
| CN111707785A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-25 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality of large-depth thick sheet type tobacco leaves |
-
2021
- 2021-08-02 CN CN202110881535.4A patent/CN113575338A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105309097A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2016-02-10 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Method for determining optimal nitrogen fertilizer application amount of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN108990747A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-12-14 | 黔南州烟草公司瓮安县分公司 | A kind of cultural method improving tobacco aroma quality perfume quantity |
| CN111707785A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-25 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality of large-depth thick sheet type tobacco leaves |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 危月辉等: "烤烟不同供氮模式对烟叶色素和香气物质含量的影响", 《贵州农业科学》 * |
| 苏菲等: "不同施氮量协同打顶后同量调亏对烤烟中性致香物质含量及评吸质量的影响", 《河南农业大学学报》 * |
| 许东亚等: "氮素前移对烤烟生长发育以及烟叶质量的影响", 《贵州农业科学》 * |
| 许东亚等: "烤烟成熟期氮素灌淋调亏对烟叶生长发育及质量的影响", 《土壤》 * |
| 顾少龙等: "成熟期氮素调亏程度对烤烟叶片生长和化学成分含量的影响", 《河南农业科学》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Taylaran et al. | Performance of a high-yielding modern rice cultivar Takanari and several old and new cultivars grown with and without chemical fertilizer in a submerged paddy field | |
| Joslin et al. | Five native tree species and manioc under slash-and-mulch agroforestry in the eastern Amazon of Brazil: plant growth and soil responses | |
| Ulger et al. | Influence of nitrogen rates and row spacing on corn yield, protein content, and other plant parameters | |
| Paranychianakis et al. | Influence of rootstock, irrigation level and recycled water on water relations and leaf gas exchange of Soultanina grapevines | |
| CN105284262A (en) | Flue-cured tobacco fertilizing method for Yunyan87 | |
| Huang et al. | Optimised sowing date enhances crop resilience towards size-asymmetric competition and reduces the yield difference between intercropped and sole maize | |
| Sinha et al. | Sulphur and phosphorus nutrition of winter maize in calcareous soil | |
| CN111693650B (en) | Method for improving quality of six tobacco leaves on flue-cured tobacco | |
| Bianchi et al. | Phenotyping of the “G series” Vitis hybrids: First screening of the mineral composition | |
| CN105918044B (en) | A method of promoting High And Stable Yield of Chinese Fir Seed Orchard | |
| Quansah | Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers and their combinations on the growth and yield of maize in the semi-deciduous forest zone of Ghana | |
| CN108575390B (en) | Research method for promoting tomato growth by partially replacing chemical fertilizer with biogas slurry | |
| Singh | Mineral nutrient requirement, their disorders and remedies in groundnut | |
| CN115812593B (en) | Method for creating anti-premature senility melon germplasm resources | |
| CN113575338A (en) | Method for improving tobacco fragrance by regulating and controlling nitrogen dosage of tobacco field | |
| Mishra | Intermittent irrigation enhances morphological and physiological efficiency of rice plants | |
| CN110771470A (en) | High-altitude mountain KRK26 tobacco production and planting method | |
| Jensen | Nitrogen acquisition by pea and barley and the effect of their crop residues on available nitrogen for subsequent crops | |
| Emmer | Humus form development and succession of dwarf shrub vegetation in grass dominated primary Pinus sylvestris forests | |
| Miner et al. | Plant analysis as an aid in fertilizing tobacco | |
| CN111707785A (en) | Method for improving quality of large-depth thick sheet type tobacco leaves | |
| CN108605767A (en) | A kind of implantation methods improving flue-cured tobacco cultivars K326 qualities of tobacco | |
| Kueklang et al. | Seasonal variation of fruit yield and leaf macronutrient concentrations of Thai aromatic coconut | |
| Bavaresco | Relationship between chlorosis occurrence and mineral composition of grapevine leaves and berries | |
| CN111738872A (en) | Method for improving quality of small and thin tobacco leaves |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20211102 |