CN113567724A - Secondary partial pressure measuring device and method for nanosecond fast-leading-edge high pressure - Google Patents
Secondary partial pressure measuring device and method for nanosecond fast-leading-edge high pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113567724A CN113567724A CN202110845604.6A CN202110845604A CN113567724A CN 113567724 A CN113567724 A CN 113567724A CN 202110845604 A CN202110845604 A CN 202110845604A CN 113567724 A CN113567724 A CN 113567724A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a second-stage partial pressure measuring device and a second-stage partial pressure method for nanosecond fast front-edge high pressure, wherein the device adopts second-stage partial pressure, the first-stage partial pressure adopts water resistance partial pressure, and the second-stage partial pressure adopts cage-type resistance partial pressure; the first-stage water resistance partial pressure part comprises a high-pressure testing end, an organic glass column, a CuSO4 solution and a metal needle; the first-stage water resistance voltage division part is connected with the second-stage resistance voltage division part through a metal needle; the resistance between the high-voltage testing end and the top of the metal needle represents the water resistance of a first-stage high-voltage arm, and the resistance between the top of the metal needle and the top of the voltage divider shell represents the water resistance of a first-stage low-voltage arm; the secondary resistance voltage division part comprises a secondary high-voltage arm resistance unit, a secondary low-voltage arm resistance unit and a circuit board assembly. When the voltage divider is used for voltage division, the water resistance of the first-stage high-voltage arm is connected with the water resistance of the first-stage low-voltage arm in series, and the voltage dividing part of the second-stage resistor is connected with the water resistance of the first-stage low-voltage arm in parallel, so that the total voltage dividing ratio of the high-voltage testing end and the voltage dividing output end is obtained. The invention weakens the interference of stray parameters on the pulse response and is suitable for nanosecond fast-front high-voltage pulse measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a voltage dividing device and a voltage dividing method, in particular to a second-stage voltage dividing measuring device and a voltage dividing method for nanosecond fast front-edge high voltage.
Background
Electromagnetic pulses are classified into radiation type and conduction type according to energy transmission manner. The radiation type is measured using different forms of electric and magnetic field sensors, while the conduction type is measured using voltage and current probes. For the measurement of nanosecond fast rise time pulse, the selected measuring equipment needs to have good broadband response characteristic.
When the amplitude of the fast-front electromagnetic pulse is high, a sensor or a voltage divider is used for measurement, but the technical realization of nanosecond-level high-voltage measurement equipment is a difficulty. At present, the voltage grade of a step wave pulse source used for calibration is 50kV, and a water resistance voltage divider is generally adopted for measurement. For the water resistance voltage divider structure generally adopted at present, parameters such as stray inductance influence the impulse response time of the sensor. Therefore, for the measurement of nanosecond pulse voltage, a structure combining the metal oxide film resistance and the water resistance can be adopted.
Because there is no apparatus and method for accurately measuring fast-leading-edge, high-voltage electromagnetic pulses, it is difficult to meet the requirements for testing and calibration.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems that in the prior art, when a voltage divider is adopted, stray inductance parameters influence the response time of a sensor, and the current test equipment is difficult to meet the test and calibration requirements, the invention provides a nanosecond fast-leading-edge high-voltage two-stage voltage dividing measuring device and a voltage dividing method, and the influence of the stray parameters on the pulse response time is reduced through a specific structure and the voltage dividing method.
The technical scheme is as follows: the nanosecond fast-frontage high-voltage two-stage partial pressure measuring device comprises a first-stage water resistance partial pressure part and a second-stage resistance partial pressure part;
the first-stage water resistance partial pressure part comprises a high-pressure testing end, an organic glass column and CuSO4Solutions and metal needles; the first-stage water resistance voltage division part is connected with the second-stage resistance voltage division part through a metal needle; CuSO is filled in the organic glass column4A solution; the metal needle is positioned in the insulator;
CuSO between high-voltage testing end and top of metal needle4The resistance value of the solution represents the water resistance R of the first-stage high-pressure arm1Of metalCuSO between needle top and voltage divider housing top4The resistance of the solution represents the water resistance R of the first-order low-pressure arm2；
The secondary resistance voltage division part comprises a secondary high-voltage arm resistance unit R3Two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4And a circuit board assembly; two-stage high-voltage arm resistance unit R3And a two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4Connected by a circuit board assembly.
Two-stage high-voltage arm resistance unit R3Comprises a plurality of parallel secondary high-voltage arm resistors R5Second-level low-voltage arm resistance unit R4Comprises a plurality of parallel-connected two-stage low-voltage arm resistors R6。
Second-level high-voltage arm resistor R5And a second-stage low-voltage arm resistor R6Is a metal film resistor.
Multiple two-stage high-voltage arm resistor R5Two-level high-voltage arm resistance unit R arranged in cage shape3。
Multiple two-stage low-voltage arm resistors R6Form a two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R in cage arrangement4。
The high-voltage test end is a copper high-voltage test end.
The circuit board assembly comprises a first circuit board, a second circuit board, a third circuit board, a second-stage high-voltage arm resistor R5And a second-stage low-voltage arm resistor R6Connected through a second circuit board.
The voltage divider housing includes a voltage divider housing cap and a voltage divider housing body.
The nanosecond fast front edge high-pressure water resistance partial pressure method comprises the following steps of:
(1) dividing a nanosecond fast front edge high voltage second-stage partial pressure measuring device into a first-stage water resistance partial pressure part and a second-stage resistance partial pressure part;
(2) the first-stage water resistance partial pressure part is composed of a first-stage high-pressure arm water resistance R1And a first-stage low-pressure arm water resistance R2Are connected in series; specifically, CuSO is arranged between the high-voltage testing end and the top of the metal needle4The resistance value of the solution is determined as the water resistance R of the first-level high-pressure arm1CuSO between the top of the metal pin and the top of the voltage divider housing4Resistance of solutionThe value is set as the water resistance R of the first-level low-pressure arm2；
(3) A plurality of parallel secondary high-voltage arm resistors R5The cage-shaped structure is connected in parallel to form a secondary high-voltage arm resistance unit R3A second-stage low-voltage arm resistor R6The cage-shaped structure is connected in parallel to form a two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4；
(4) A second-level high-voltage arm resistance unit R3And a two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4A secondary resistance voltage division part is formed by connecting in series; dividing the two-stage resistor into partial parts and water resistance R of the first-stage low-voltage arm2Parallel connection;
(5) the first-stage low-pressure arm is blocked by water R2The voltage division output end is connected to a second-stage high-voltage arm resistance unit R through a metal needle3The second-level low-voltage arm resistance unit R4The voltage division output is connected to the voltage division output end; the voltage division ratio K of the voltage division part of the secondary resistor2Comprises the following steps:
R3and R4Resistor and first-stage low-voltage arm water resistor R after series connection2The resistance after parallel connection is:
the first-stage water resistance partial pressure ratio K of the nanosecond-stage fast-front-edge high-pressure second-stage partial pressure measuring device1Comprises the following steps:
high-voltage U to be tested at high-voltage testing end in nanosecond-level fast-front-edge high-voltage two-stage partial pressure measuring device1And the voltage U of the voltage division output end3The total partial pressure ratio K between is:
i.e. the voltage U at the divider output3High voltage U to be tested for high voltage test end 11/K times of the total weight of the product.
Capacitor C with one-stage water resistance voltage division part distributed to groundI is divided intoComprises the following steps:
wherein l1Is a first-level high-pressure arm water resistance R1Length of (a)1Is R1Of (c) is used.
Then the formula t is 0.24 (R)Height of+RIs low in)CIs divided into (2)
The pulse response rise time of a first-stage water resistance partial pressure part of the nanosecond fast-leading-edge high-pressure second-stage partial pressure measuring device is obtained
tⅠr＝0.24(R1+R2)CI is divided into (9)
Wherein R is1+R2≤1kΩ。
N R of nanosecond fast front edge high voltage two-stage partial pressure measuring device5After parallel connection, the capacitors C are distributed to the groundII point ofIs composed of
Wherein, a2Is R5Radius of (a) < i >2Is R5Length of (d).
Then the formula t is 0.24 (R)Height of+RIs low in)CIs divided into (2)
The pulse response rise time of a secondary resistance voltage division part in a secondary voltage division measuring device for obtaining nanosecond fast leading edge high voltage is
tⅡr＝0.24(R3+R4)CII point of (12)
Wherein R is3+R4≤1kΩ。
The total pulse response rise time of the secondary voltage division measuring device of the nanosecond fast leading edge high voltage is obtained by the formula (9) and the formula (12)
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the nanosecond fast front edge high voltage two-stage partial pressure measuring device and the partial pressure method have the following advantages:
(1) the high-pressure water resistance voltage divider has the advantages that the structural form weakens the interference of stray parameters on pulse response, the error of the high-pressure water resistance voltage divider is small compared with the theoretical voltage division ratio, and the high-pressure water resistance voltage divider is suitable for measuring the fast leading edge pulse voltage which is not higher than 100 kV.
(2) Compared with the traditional pressure dividing device, the invention adopts a two-stage pressure dividing structure, wherein the first-stage pressure dividing part adopts water resistance to divide pressure; and the secondary voltage division part adopts a cage-type resistance distribution structure to carry out voltage division.
(3)R3And R4And a cage-shaped resistor arrangement structure is adopted, so that the inductance is reduced and the magnetic induction is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a nanosecond fast-frontage high-voltage two-stage partial pressure measuring device according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a circuit board assembly structure;
FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit schematic diagram of a resistance voltage divider;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage partial pressure measurement device for nanosecond fast front edge high pressure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the calibration of the nanosecond fast front edge high voltage two-stage partial pressure measurement device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of nanosecond fast front high pressure water resistance partial pressure calibration waveforms in accordance with the present invention; wherein, fig. 6(a) is a waveform overall diagram; FIG. 6(b) is a partial waveform diagram;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the partial pressure ratio of the water resistance partial pressure device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, the second-stage partial pressure measuring device for nanosecond fast front high voltage of the present invention includes a first-stage water resistance partial pressure portion and a second-stage resistance partial pressure portion.
In this embodiment, the first-stage water resistance partial pressure part comprises a high-pressure testing end 4, an organic glass column 2 and CuSO4 Solution 3 and metal needle 5. The organic glass column 2 is connected with the copper voltage divider shell 1 through threads. The copper voltage divider housing 1 comprises a copper voltage divider housing cap 1a and a copper voltage divider housing body 1 b.
The center of the organic glass column 2 is a cylindrical hollow structure, and the hollow structure is filled with CuSO4And (3) solution. Wherein, as shown in FIG. 1, CuSO is provided between the high voltage testing terminal 4 and the top of the copper metal needle 54Resistance value of the solution represents R1The resistance of the CuSO4 solution between the top of the copper metal pin 5 and the copper voltage divider housing cap 1a represents R2。
Copper high pressure test end 4 passes through threaded connection in organic glass post 2 top, and this fast forward position water resistance bleeder mechanism passes through copper high pressure test end 4 and is connected with the high pressure test point that awaits measuring. In addition, the other end of the copper high-voltage testing terminal 4 extends into the CuSO4And in the solution, carrying out subsequent partial pressure on the high pressure to be detected.
One end of the copper metal needle 5 extends into the CuSO4The other end of the solution 3 is connected with a circuit board component 6, namely, the primary water resistance voltage division part is connected with the secondary resistance voltage division part through a copper metal needle 5.
In this embodiment, the circuit board assembly 6 is a double-sided PCB. The copper metal needle 5 is located within the insulator 8. The insulator 8 has a first function of isolating the copper metal pin 5 from the copper voltage divider housing 1a, and a second function of preventing the CuSO4 solution from seeping out to the secondary resistance voltage dividing portion.
As shown in fig. 2, the circuit board assembly 6 includes a first circuit board 6a, a second circuit board 6b and a third circuit board 6c, which are double-sided PCBs, and the boards all include via holes 10 and copper-clad layers 11, the via holes 10 are used for welding metal film resistors, and the copper-clad layers 11 adopt a grid copper-clad method to improve interference resistance. Wherein, the first circuit board 6a is provided with three through holes 10 and copper coating 11 with evenly distributed ring centers, and the second circuit board 6b is provided with two rings of 10 through holes 10 and copper coating with evenly distributed ring centersThe copper 11, the third circuit board 6c has six through holes 10 with uniformly distributed circle centers and copper coating 11. Two-stage high-voltage arm resistance unit R3And a two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4The connection is made through the vias 10 of the first, second and third circuit boards 6a, 6b, 6 c. One end of a copper metal needle 5 of the first-level water resistance voltage division part is welded with a middle through hole 10 of the first circuit board 6a, a middle through hole 10 of the second circuit board 6b is welded with one end of a copper connecting wire 7, and the other end of the copper connecting wire 7 penetrates through a round hole in the middle of the third circuit board 6c to be connected with a BNC voltage division output end 9. The third circuit board 6c is electrically connected to the copper voltage divider outer housing 1 b.
The secondary resistance voltage division part comprises a secondary high-voltage arm resistance unit R3Two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4And a circuit board assembly 6, a second-stage high-voltage arm resistance unit R3And a two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4Connected by a circuit board assembly 6.
The second-stage high-voltage arm resistor unit R3Comprises a plurality of high-voltage arm resistors R connected in parallel in a cage shape5In this embodiment, the resistor R5A first metal film resistance of 1.5k omega.
In this embodiment, the second-level low-voltage arm resistor unit R4Comprises a plurality of low-voltage arm resistors R with the resistance value of 300 omega6The resistance R6Is a second metal film resistor. High voltage arm resistor R5And a low-voltage arm resistor R6All are arranged in a cage structure and are welded on the circuit board assembly 6, and in the embodiment, the circuit board assembly 6 adopts a double-sided PCB.
For a general resistance voltage division device, the basic principle and the optimization process of the response time are as follows:
fig. 3 shows an equivalent circuit of the general resistive voltage divider. Wherein R isHeight ofIs a high-voltage arm resistor, RIs low inIs a low voltage arm resistor; u shapeinIs a high-voltage arm resistor RHeight ofInput terminal of (1) high voltage, U to be measuredoutIs a low-voltage arm resistor RIs low inThe output voltage of (1).
Voltage division ratio K of universal resistance voltage division deviceIs divided intoIs composed of
The pulse response rise time of the general resistance voltage divider is
t＝0.24(RHeight of+RIs low in)CIs divided into (2)
For the measurement of the fast leading edge pulse, the bandwidth of a test system is required to be wide, and the anti-interference capability is required to be strong. Therefore, the fast-front resistive voltage divider should satisfy the following three conditions:
(1) ground distributed capacitor C for reducing resistance voltage dividerIs divided into；
(2) Using a low-resistance divider resistor, RHeight of+RIs low in≤1kΩ；
(3) The signal to noise ratio is improved, and the anti-interference capability is enhanced.
The impulse response time is optimized as follows:
the bandwidth and the signal-to-noise ratio of the resistance voltage divider are improved by reducing the ground distributed capacitance and reducing the divider resistance, so that the high-field strength environment test is met.
In the above measure, the capacitance C is distributed to the groundIs divided intoIt is particularly important that the pulse response rise time of the resistance voltage divider is determined, and the output waveform of the pulse source is also influenced. During testing, the pulse width is reduced by connecting the resistance voltage divider; in addition, the distributed capacitance of the resistance voltage divider is connected with the load, so that the peak value of the output pulse is changed. When distributing capacitance CIs divided into<At 3pF, the peak value of the output pulse is improved, but no obvious overshoot is generated; c is not more than 3pFIs divided into<At 5pF, the output pulse has obvious overshoot; cIs divided intoAt > 5pF, the output pulse has a significant oscillation. Therefore, when nanosecond fast-leading-edge electromagnetic pulse is measured, in order to ensure that the pulse does not have obvious overshoot and oscillation, C is taken as the ground distributed capacitance when first-level voltage division is adoptedIs divided into<3pF, when two-stage voltage division is adopted, the ground distributed capacitance should be CIs divided into<1.5pF。
As shown in fig. 4, the voltage division principle of the second-stage voltage division measuring device for nanosecond fast leading edge high voltage of the present invention is as follows:
according to the analysis of the resistance voltage divider, in this embodiment, the nanosecond fast front water resistance voltage divider of the present invention employs two-stage voltage division, where the first stage is water resistance voltage division, and the second stage is metal film resistance voltage division. And the signal after the secondary voltage division is attenuated by the attenuator and then is accessed into an oscilloscope for measurement and observation.
In water resistance partial pressure of a nanosecond-level fast-leading-edge high-pressure second-level partial pressure measuring device1Is a first-level high-pressure arm water resistance, R2Is a first-level low-pressure arm water resistance. To reduce the distributed capacitance to ground, the water resistance is small in diameter and length. Experiments show that for a narrow pulse with the leading edge rising time of 2.5ns and the half-peak width of 23ns, the surface flashover voltage of the uniform-field organic glass with the edge effect is 41kV in unit centimeter. Therefore, for a pulse source of the order of 100kV, the corresponding flashover distance is 100/41-2.44 cm, and the total length is selected to be longer in consideration of the redundancy.
In this embodiment, the first-stage high-pressure arm water resistor R1Has a diameter of 6mm and a cross-sectional area of 32πmm2The length is 50 mm; first-level low-pressure arm water resistance R2Has a cross-sectional area of (6)2-2.52)πmm2And the length is 1.64 mm. When being filled with CuSO4When the solution resistance is 1k omega, R1＝965Ω，R2＝35Ω。
For matching with 50 omega output cable, two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4Take 50 Ω. In this embodiment, a 300 Ω metal film resistor of 1/4W is selected as the second-level low-voltage arm resistor R6The parallel connection is made into a cage type structure, so that the inductance is reduced and the magnetic induction is reduced. Two-stage high-voltage arm resistance unit R3Taking 500 omega, selecting 3 1/2W 1.5k omega metal film resistors, namely two-stage high-voltage arm resistor R5Making into cage structure.
The second-stage voltage division ratio of the nanosecond fast-front-edge high-voltage two-stage voltage division measuring device, namely the voltage division ratio K of the voltage division part of the two-stage resistor2Comprises the following steps:
first-level low-pressure arm water resistance R2And R3+R4Resistance value after parallel connection is
The first-stage water resistance partial pressure ratio K of the nanosecond-stage fast-front-edge high-pressure second-stage partial pressure measuring device1Is composed of
High-voltage U to be tested at 4 positions of high-voltage testing end in nanosecond-level fast-front-edge high-voltage two-stage partial pressure measuring device1And the output voltage U of the voltage division output terminal 93A total partial pressure ratio K between
I.e. the output voltage U at the voltage dividing output 93Is a high voltage U to be tested at the high voltage testing end 411/K times of the total weight of the product.
Therefore, the maximum output voltage of the nanosecond fast-leading-edge high-voltage two-stage partial pressure measuring device is
The ground distributed capacitance of a first-stage water resistance voltage division part of a nanosecond-level fast-front-edge high-voltage second-stage voltage division measuring device depends on the water resistance R of a first-stage voltage division high-voltage arm1The geometric dimensions of (a). According to the water resistance selected size, the cylinder capacitance formula is used for calculating the earth distribution capacitance C of the primary water resistance voltage division partI is divided intoIs composed of
Wherein l1Is a water resistance R of a first-stage partial pressure high-pressure arm1Length of (a)1Is R1Of (c) is used.
Then the formula t is 0.24 (R)Height of+RIs low in)CIs divided into (2)
The pulse response rise time of the first-stage water resistance partial pressure of the second-stage partial pressure measuring device for obtaining the nanosecond fast front-edge high pressure is
tⅠr＝0.24(R1+R2)CI is divided into＝0.24×1000×1.2×10-12＝0.288(ns) (9)
Single second-level metal film resistor R of second-level voltage division measuring device for nanosecond fast front-edge high voltage5Radius a2Is 1.5mm, length l210mm, three R5After parallel connection, the capacitors C are distributed to the groundII point ofIs composed of
In this embodiment, three resistors R are selected according to actual conditions5. In other embodiments, n resistors R are selected5Wherein n is>1, then equation (8) is:
then the formula t is 0.24 (R)Height of+RIs low in)CIs divided into(2) The pulse response rise time of the secondary resistance voltage division in the secondary voltage division measuring device for obtaining the nanosecond fast leading edge high voltage is
tⅡr＝0.24(R3+R4)CII point of＝0.24×525×1.064×10-12＝0.134(ns) (12)
So far, the total pulse response rise time of the second-stage partial pressure measuring device of nanosecond fast leading edge high voltage is obtained from the formula (9) and the formula (12)
As shown in FIG. 5, when the nanosecond fast-frontage high-voltage two-stage partial pressure measuring device is calibrated, the water resistance partial pressure measuring device is connected with a pulse source, an oscilloscope and an attenuator. In the embodiment, the GMF-8E type pulse signal generator is selected as the pulse source, the oscilloscope adopts Agilent DSO 9404A, and the output signal of the nanosecond fast-fronting high-voltage secondary voltage division measuring device is connected to the oscilloscope through the 20dB attenuator. The excitation signal is square wave, the rising edge of the square wave signal is 2.5ns, and the pulse width is 100 ns.
And (3) calibrating a test result:
the calibration measured waveform is shown in FIG. 6, in which the ordinate of FIG. 6(a) is 200mv/div and the abscissa is 20 ns/div; FIG. 6(b) has 200mv/div ordinate and 20ns/div abscissa.
As can be seen from fig. 6, the voltage divider measures a waveform that is consistent with the original signal shape, and the rise time of the leading edge of the pulse is 2.65 ns. Calibration data for the voltage divider is shown in table 1. The partial pressure ratio curve plotted against the calibration data is shown in fig. 7. The voltage division ratio of the second-stage voltage division measuring device for obtaining the nanosecond fast front edge high voltage according to the slope of the fitting straight line is 620:1, and the error of the voltage division ratio with the theoretical voltage division ratio is 2.9%.
TABLE 1 Water resistance partial pressure data
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high second grade partial pressure measuring device of fast leading edge of nanosecond which characterized in that: the nanosecond fast front edge high voltage second-stage partial pressure measuring device comprises a first-stage water resistance partial pressure part and a second-stage resistance partial pressure part;
the first-level water resistance partial pressure part comprises a high-pressure testing end (4), an organic glass column (2) and CuSO4A solution (3) and a metal needle (5); the primary water resistance voltage division part is connected with the secondary resistance voltage division part through a metal needle (5); CuSO is filled in the organic glass column (2)4A solution (3); the metal needle (5) is positioned in the insulator (8);
CuSO between the high-voltage testing end (4) and the top of the metal needle (5)4The resistance value of the solution represents the water resistance R of the first-stage high-pressure arm1CuSO between the top of the metal needle (5) and the top of the voltage divider housing (1)4The resistance of the solution represents the water resistance R of the first-order low-pressure arm2；
The secondary resistance voltage division part comprises a secondary high-voltage arm resistance unit R3Two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4And a circuit board assembly (6); the second-stage high-voltage arm resistance unit R3And a two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4Connected by a circuit board assembly (6).
2. The device for measuring the secondary partial pressure of nanosecond fast-front high voltage according to claim 1, wherein: the second-stage high-voltage arm resistance unit R3Comprises a plurality of parallel secondary high-voltage arm resistors R5The second-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4Comprises a plurality of parallel-connected two-stage low-voltage arm resistors R6。
3. The device for measuring the secondary partial pressure of nanosecond fast-front high voltage according to claim 2, wherein: the second-level high-voltage arm resistor R5And a second-stage low-voltage arm resistor R6Is a metal film resistor.
4. The device for measuring the secondary partial pressure of nanosecond fast-front high voltage according to claim 2, wherein: the two-level high-voltage arm resistors R5Two-level high-voltage arm resistance unit R arranged in cage shape3。
5. The device for measuring the secondary partial pressure of nanosecond fast-front high voltage according to claim 2, wherein: the plurality of second-stage low-voltage arm resistors R6Form a two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R in cage arrangement4。
6. The device for measuring the secondary partial pressure of nanosecond fast-front high voltage according to claim 1, wherein: the high-voltage testing end (4) is a copper high-voltage testing end.
7. The device for measuring the secondary partial pressure of nanosecond fast-front high voltage according to claim 2, wherein: the circuit board assembly (6) comprises a first circuit board (6a), a second circuit board (6b) and a third circuit board (6c), and the secondary high-voltage arm resistor R5And a second-stage low-voltage arm resistor R6Connected through a second circuit board (6 b).
8. The device for measuring the secondary partial pressure of nanosecond fast-front high voltage according to claim 1, wherein: the voltage divider shell (1) comprises a voltage divider shell cap (1a) and a voltage divider shell (1 b).
9. The device for measuring the secondary partial pressure of nanosecond fast-front high voltage according to claim 1, wherein: the insulator (8) is located within the voltage divider housing (1).
10. A nanosecond fast-front high-pressure water resistance partial pressure method is characterized in that: the voltage division method is performed by using the secondary voltage division measuring device for nanosecond fast front high voltage according to claim 1, and comprises the following steps:
(1) dividing a nanosecond fast front edge high voltage second-stage partial pressure measuring device into a first-stage water resistance partial pressure part and a second-stage resistance partial pressure part;
(2) the first-stage water resistance partial pressure part is composed of a first-stage high-pressure arm water resistance R1And a first-stage low-pressure arm water resistance R2Are connected in series; concretely, the CUSO between the high-voltage testing end (4) and the top of the metal needle (5)4The resistance value of the solution is determined as the water resistance R of the first-level high-pressure arm1CuSO between the top of the metal needle (5) and the top of the voltage divider housing (1)4The resistance value of the solution is set as the first-level low-pressure arm water resistance R2；
(3) A plurality of parallel secondary high-voltage arm resistors R5The cage-shaped structure is connected in parallel to form a secondary high-voltage arm resistance unit R3A second-stage low-voltage arm resistor R6Formed by cage-shaped structures connected in parallelTwo-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4；
(4) A second-level high-voltage arm resistance unit R3And a two-stage low-voltage arm resistance unit R4A secondary resistance voltage division part is formed by connecting in series; dividing the two-stage resistor into partial parts and water resistance R of the first-stage low-voltage arm2Parallel connection;
(5) the first-stage low-pressure arm is blocked by water R2The voltage division output end is connected to a second-stage high-voltage arm resistance unit R through a metal needle (5)3The second-level low-voltage arm resistance unit R4Is connected to the voltage division output (9); the voltage division ratio K of the voltage division part of the secondary resistor2Comprises the following steps:
R3and R4Resistor and first-stage low-voltage arm water resistor R after series connection2The resistance after parallel connection is:
the first-stage water resistance partial pressure ratio K of the nanosecond-stage fast-front-edge high-pressure second-stage partial pressure measuring device1Comprises the following steps:
high-voltage U to be tested at high-voltage testing end (4) in nanosecond-level high-front-edge high-voltage two-stage partial pressure measuring device1And the output voltage U at the voltage-dividing output end (9)3The total partial pressure ratio K between is:
i.e. the output voltage U at the voltage-dividing output (9)3Is a high voltage U to be tested at the high voltage testing end (4)11/K times of the total weight of the composition;
the first-stage water resistance voltage division part is connected with a ground distributed capacitor CI is divided intoIs composed of
Wherein l1Is a water resistance R of a first-stage partial pressure high-pressure arm1Length of (a)1Is R1The radius of (a);
then the formula t is 0.24 (R)Height of+RIs low in)CIs divided into (2)
The pulse response rise time of a first-stage water resistance partial pressure part of the nanosecond fast-leading-edge high-pressure second-stage partial pressure measuring device is obtained
tⅠr＝0.24(R1+R2)CI is divided into (9)
Wherein R is1+R2≤1kΩ。
N R of nanosecond fast front edge high voltage two-stage partial pressure measuring device5After parallel connection, the capacitors C are distributed to the groundII point ofIs composed of
Wherein, a2Is R5Radius of (a) < i >2Is R5Length of (d).
Then the formula t is 0.24 (R)Height of+RIs low in)CIs divided into (2)
The pulse response rise time of a secondary resistance voltage division part in a secondary voltage division measuring device for obtaining nanosecond fast leading edge high voltage is
tⅡr＝0.24(R3+R4)CII point of (12)
Wherein R is3+R4≤1kΩ。
The total pulse response rise time of the secondary voltage division measuring device of the nanosecond fast leading edge high voltage is obtained by the formula (9) and the formula (12)
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