CN103487659A - Method for detecting breaker loop resistor based on high impulse currents - Google Patents
Method for detecting breaker loop resistor based on high impulse currents Download PDFInfo
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- CN103487659A CN103487659A CN201310412008.4A CN201310412008A CN103487659A CN 103487659 A CN103487659 A CN 103487659A CN 201310412008 A CN201310412008 A CN 201310412008A CN 103487659 A CN103487659 A CN 103487659A
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Abstract
Disclosed is a method for detecting a breaker loop resistor based on high impulse currents. A breaker loop resistor detecting circuit comprises a super capacitor and a standard resistor. A voltage ratio method is used for measuring the breaker loop resistor. The super capacitor is used as a generating power source of the high impulse currents and is used for generating the high impulse currents for detection. If a breaker is a multi-fracture breaker and an arc extinguish chamber of the breaker is connected with a voltage sharing capacitor in parallel, the voltage sharing capacitor has no influence on loop resistor detection based on the high impulse currents. In order to eliminate the influences of lead-in inductance in the detecting circuit to measure the breaker loop resistor accurately, the voltage value on the breaker loop resistor can be obtained by simply collecting the voltage value measured by a voltage line when the current of a detection loop reaches the peak, a shielding line can also be used for eliminating the influences of inductance and electromagnetic interference of the site, and interference signals are prevented from entering a measuring line.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of circuit breakers, be specifically related to a kind of detection method of isolating switch loop resistance.
Background technology
Loop resistance is the key property parameter of isolating switch performance.If loop resistance increases, can cause the contact of breaker electrical loss to increase, temperature raises.The contact design of isolating switch has its thermal capacitance quantitative limitation, once the scope of the thermal capacity can bear over contact, isolating switch will cause switch fault in breakneck state, affects security of system.Therefore, it is very important regularly detecting the isolating switch loop resistance.
At present, generally adopt DC current to carry out the detection of isolating switch loop resistance.Isolating switch loop resistance resistance is very little, is generally tens to the hundreds of micro-ohm.If it is less to measure electric current, the voltage drop produced on isolating switch is just very little, and like this sensitivity of measuring the pressure drop instrument being required will be very high, and little electric current can not be eliminated the oxide film on contact, increase so not only make to measure difficulty, also be difficult to accomplish accurate measurement.This just requires to use large electric current to carry out the detection of isolating switch loop resistance.The volume of general D.C. high-current pick-up unit, can enlarge markedly along with the raising of output current, and the heat-sinking capability of device element is also proposed to very high requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of method that adopts heavy impulse current to detect the isolating switch loop resistance.More than the method measurement current peak reaches 1000A, can effectively improve the precision of measuring circuit resistance.
The method that detects the isolating switch loop resistance based on heavy impulse current of the present invention, wherein isolating switch loop resistance testing circuit includes ultracapacitor and measuring resistance, the measurement of isolating switch loop resistance adopts voltage-ratio method, ultracapacitor is used as heavy impulse current generation power supply, for generation of the detection heavy impulse current.
Further, if isolating switch multi-break isolating switch, and arc-extinguishing chamber of circuit breaker is while being parallel with equalizing capacitance, and equalizing capacitance detects not impact for the loop resistance based on heavy impulse current.Current value on multi-break isolating switch equalizing capacitance is very little is the kilo-ampere level for receiving peace level and detect loop current, so equalizing capacitance can ignore for the impact that detects loop, and equalizing capacitance does not affect metering circuit current waveform and current peak.
Further, for the impact of eliminating lead-in inductance in testing circuit with Measurement accuracy isolating switch loop resistance, the magnitude of voltage that when magnitude of voltage on the isolating switch loop resistance only needs the acquisition testing loop current to reach peak value, pressure-wire records gets final product, and wherein pressure-wire is the signal wire for detection of circuit breaker voltage.Lead-in inductance can not affect the generation of metering circuit heavy impulse current, but can make circuit breaker voltage that actual detection obtains be lead-in inductance voltage and loop resistance magnitude of voltage and, cause measurement result bigger than normal.When loop current reaches peak value, measured value now is true loop resistance magnitude of voltage, can carry out loop resistance measurement by such method.
Further, for the impact of eliminating lead-in inductance in testing circuit fully, with Measurement accuracy isolating switch loop resistance, can adopt shielding line to eliminate the impact of mutual inductance, and eliminate on-the-spot electromagnetic interference (EMI), avoid interference signal and enter slotted line.Wherein the electric current line is the main discharge circuit wiring, and pressure-wire is the signal wire for detection of circuit breaker voltage, and electric current line and pressure-wire are suspended on the breaker fracture two ends, and the electric current line is the parallel state of being close to substantially with pressure-wire.
Further, to the collection of magnitude of voltage, can gather repeatedly, then carry out the calculating of loop resistance, average again afterwards.
The present invention proposes based on ultracapacitor and produce kilo-ampere level heavy impulse current, for measuring the method for isolating switch loop resistance, its measuring accuracy is very high.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 voltage-ratio method measuring principle
Fig. 2 experimental circuit
Fig. 3 shunt voltage oscillogram
Fig. 4 ultracapacitor equivalent model
Fig. 5 ultracapacitor realistic model
Fig. 6 single-break circuit breaker loop resistance detection simulation circuit
Fig. 7 double-fracture isolating switch loop resistance detection simulation circuit
When Fig. 8 voltage on capacitor is made as 15V, waveform on equalizing capacitance
Fig. 9 when L=200 μ H, the loop current waveform
Figure 10 loop resistance Test Field wiring diagram
The actual voltage waveform that records of Figure 11 circuit breaker voltage p-wire
The voltage waveform of Figure 12 loop resistance
Figure 13 detects the current waveform in loop
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further.
1. the heavy impulse current measuring method based on ultracapacitor
The present invention adopts voltage-ratio method to carry out the isolating switch loop resistance measurement.Measuring principle as shown in Figure 1, measuring circuit resistive voltage U
rwith the voltage U on measuring resistance
r.Can obtain the loop resistance value by Ohm law is
wherein r is the known measuring resistance of resistance.
In order to realize that heavy impulse current detects, the present invention adopts ultracapacitor as dash current testing circuit power supply.Ultracapacitor, as the term suggests be exactly capacitor with super capacity, also referred to as double layer capacitor, is passive type Double layer energy storage device.Capacitor with super capacity is comprised of porous surface activated charcoal and organic electrolyte, and body seal is welded by argon arc welding method in outside, and connects with external environment condition by electrode.The capacity of super capacitor maximum can reach 1000F, reaches 500000 serviceable life, and charging rate is fast, and large current discharging capability is strong, is desirable dash current generation power supply.
2. measuring method experimental study
The present invention utilizes two shunts respectively as measuring resistance and isolating switch loop resistance research experiment, and experimental circuit as shown in Figure 2.Wherein BN-CDJ33V25A is as the charger of ultracapacitor, and maximum charging voltage is 33V, and maximum charging current is 25A; The SCPM321546 super capacitor module is as power supply, and this module internal resistance is 10m Ω, and condenser capacity is 54F, and maximum rated voltage is 32V (voltage can be adjusted arbitrarily in scope); Relay SSR-10DD controls the ultracapacitor charging; Thyristor MTC500 (model in this thyristor model and Fig. 2 is inconsistent, need examine and be revised as unanimously by the applicant) controls the ultracapacitor electric discharge; Shunt 1 (75mV/750A) is as measuring resistance; Shunt 2 (75mV/1000A) is as the mimic-disconnecting switch loop resistance.
(1) realization of heavy impulse current detection method
Fig. 3 records two shunt voltage oscillograms for experiment, and it is rendered as surge waveform as seen from the figure, because shunt is pure resistance, consistent with current waveform by the known voltage waveform of Ohm law, therefore the loop current waveform is also surge waveform.
Table 1 is when the capacitor surge voltage changes, the loop current peak value.As shown in Table 1, when charging voltage reaches 12V, main circuit current has just reached the kilo-ampere level, and evidence utilizes ultracapacitor as power supply, can realize the purpose that heavy impulse current detects.
Table 1 voltage on capacitor and loop current peak value relation
(2) adopt the measuring accuracy checking of heavy impulse current measuring circuit resistance
Utilize shunt 1 as measuring resistance, shunt 2 mimic-disconnecting switch loop resistances.Charging voltage V
0mean shunt 1 measuring voltage peak value V
1mean shunt 2 measuring voltage V
2mean, experimental result is as shown in table 2
In table, data are known, and the measurement relative error of shunt 2 is very little, adopt as seen heavy impulse current to measure the small resistor of μ Ω level, and its measuring accuracy is very high.
The precision of table 2 heavy impulse current measuring circuit resistive method
Yet, not merely only have resistance in the actual measurement circuit.The multi-break isolating switch is evenly distributed for the voltage that makes fracture, to give full play to the effect of each arc-chutes, and each arc-chutes equalizing capacitance all in parallel.Because equalizing capacitance and isolating switch loop resistance are relation in parallel, if electric capacity powers on and flows through greatly, can cause between measuring resistance and loop resistance electric current unequal, cause measuring inaccurate.
Because isolating switch is generally all higher, the current feed of actual pick-up unit is all longer, all can there is inductance on voltage detecting line and loop current lead-in wire, and voltage detecting line and loop current lead-in wire are all generally to hang over the isolating switch two ends during actual acquisition, be and be arranged in parallel, can have mutual inductance between loop current lead-in wire and voltage tester line like this, make actual acquisition to voltage be loop resistance voltage and mutual voltage sum, this will make measured value bigger than normal.
These measuring circuit parameters all may exert an influence to the accurate measurement of loop resistance.
3. heavy impulse current measuring method realistic model
The equivalent electrical circuit of the ultracapacitor in the present invention as shown in Figure 4
ESR is equivalent series resistance, and C is ideal capacitance, and EPR (mean that with the ESP in Fig. 4 mode is inconsistent, need the applicant to examine and revise) characterizes the leakage current effects of ultracapacitor, and EPR is the parameter that affects the long-term energy storage of ultracapacitor.EPR is usually very large, can reach a few 10k Ω, and leakage current is very little, only has several 10～100 μ A, and therefore, EPR can ignore, and is considered as open circuit, therefore ultracapacitor adopts Fig. 5 institute representation model when simulation study.
The electric capacity of isolating switch shnt capacitor is chosen in following numerical value: 1000pF, 1500pF, 1800pF, 2000pF, 2500pF, 3000pF, 4000pF, 5000pF.
The straight lead inductance computing formula of circle is:
Middle l wherein
wfor conductor length; r
wfor the conductor cross-section radius; μ
0for permeability of vacuum, μ
0=4 π * 10
-7(H/m).
It is 50mm that isolating switch measurement mechanism lead-in wire adopts specification
2, length is taken as 20m, and can calculate lead-in inductance according to the straight lead inductance computing formula in this garden is 24.6 μ H.
According to voltage-ratio method, measuring resistance and loop resistance are series relationship, and ultracapacitor is as power supply in circuit, and measuring resistance is connected with loop resistance, and equalizing capacitance is in parallel with loop resistance, and lead-in inductance is connected with loop resistance.
As shown in Figure 6, for single-break circuit breaker loop resistance testing circuit, wherein 1 is ultracapacitor equivalent capacity C=54F, and 2 is ultracapacitor equivalent internal resistance R=10m Ω, and 3 is time switch, closure during t=0.008ms, 4 is measuring resistance r=100 μ Ω, and 5 is the pick-up unit lead-in inductance, is taken as 24.6 μ H, 6 is the isolating switch loop resistance, is taken as 100 μ Ω.
At present, the multi-break isolating switch is mainly the double-fracture isolating switch, and double-fracture isolating switch loop resistance testing circuit as shown in Figure 7, wherein 1,2,3,4,5 is identical with circuit component shown in Fig. 6,7,8 is each fracture loop resistance of isolating switch, all is taken as 50 μ Ω, and 9,10 is the isolating switch equalizing capacitance.
4. the impact of equalizing capacitance impact Super-Current Measurement isolating switch loop resistance
The prerequisite of voltage-ratio method is that measuring resistance equates with electric current on loop resistance, because equalizing capacitance is connected with measuring resistance with after the loop resistance parallel connection again, electric current on measuring resistance is actual is equalizing capacitance electric current and loop resistance electric current sum, if the equalizing capacitance electric current is excessive, can make loop resistance detect inaccurate.Therefore be necessary the impact of equalizing current is analyzed.
When the ultracapacitor charging voltage is made as 15V, on equalizing capacitance, as shown in Figure 8, the equalizing capacitance peak value is 30nA to waveform, and by known loop peak value in table 3 up to 1442A, on visible equalizing capacitance, electric current can be ignored.Table 3 is the electric current on measuring resistance, loop resistance and equalizing capacitance when equalizing capacitance changes, visible because electric current on equalizing capacitance is very little of receiving the peace level, measuring resistance with current visible on loop resistance for equating, therefore, while in circuit, equalizing capacitance being arranged, equalizing capacitance is for the not impact of detection of loop resistance.
Respectively Fig. 6 and two kinds of isolating switch loop resistance testing circuits of Fig. 7 are carried out to experimental study, find that the loop current waveform is identical when equalizing capacitance is got the value between 0～5000pF.Again as shown in Table 3, it doesn't matter for equalizing capacitance value and measuring circuit current peak.Therefore, have or not equalizing capacitance not change the measurement current waveform.
Table 3 equalizing capacitance and loop element current peak relation
5. the impact of lead-in inductance impact Super-Current Measurement isolating switch loop current and loop resistance
Analysis from table 4, no matter be without the single-break circuit breaker loop resistance measurement circuit of equalizing capacitance or the multi-break isolating switch loop resistance measurement circuit of equalizing capacitance arranged, all the circuit model shown in available Fig. 7 carries out analytical calculation, therefore adopt this circuit model while studying lead-in inductance.
(1) impact of lead-in inductance on loop current
Change the lead-in inductance of connecting in circuit, can obtain the discharge current waveform data as shown in table 4.Can find out when lead-in inductance L reaches 1000 μ H in table, detect the loop maximum discharge current and still can reach the kilo-ampere level.When L=200 μ H, as shown in Figure 9, visible loop current waveform is also the heavy impulse current waveform to the loop current waveform.And, when wire length reaches 100m, lead-in inductance is 155 μ H, visible lead-in inductance does not affect the generation of heavy impulse current.
Table 4 maximum discharge current and lead-in inductance relation
(2) impact that lead-in inductance detects for the isolating switch loop resistance
The isolating switch loop resistance detects, and generally adopts four-terminal method to be detected, and as shown in figure 10, wherein the electric current line is the main discharge circuit wiring in wiring, and pressure-wire is the signal wire that detects circuit breaker voltage.Wiring is in order to eliminate the impact of wiring place contact resistance like this.Because isolating switch is generally all very high, so electric current line and pressure-wire all are suspended on the breaker fracture two ends, the electric current line is the parallel state of being close to substantially with pressure-wire.There is mutual inductance between electric current line and pressure-wire.
Because the voltage detecting line is signal wire, current visible is zero, so the not impact of detection for loop current on the mutual inductance of electric current line of voltage detecting line.And flow through the electric current of kilo-ampere level in the electric current line, and this electric current is dash current, is engraved in variation during electric current, therefore the magnitude of voltage that the electric current line will make the voltage detecting line record to the mutual inductance of pressure-wire changes.
The mutual inductance of electric current line to pressure-wire, can obtain by the method for calculating coefficient of mutual inductance.If current return is numbered 1, electric current is I, and magnetic flux is Φ
11, inductance is L, the voltage detecting loop is numbered 2, the electric current I of current return 1, its produce and with loop 2 magnetic flux of handing over be Φ
21.Because electric current line and pressure-wire are parallel adjacent state, therefore Φ
11=Φ
21therefore, mutual inductance
the magnitude of voltage that the voltage detecting line detects is loop resistance voltage and inductive drop sum.
Adopt lead-in wire size commonly used during experiment, i.e. long 20m, sectional area 50mm
2.By the known lead-in inductance L=24.6 μ of the calculating H of formula 1.
Figure 11 is the actual voltage waveform that records of circuit breaker voltage p-wire, namely isolating switch loop resistance and lead-in inductance voltage sum.Figure 12 is voltage waveform on loop resistance.Contrast two graph discoveries because the impact of lead-in inductance, reality detect voltage waveform by serious distortion, if do not eliminate the impact of lead-in inductance, the loop resistance value recorded is by inaccurate.Therefore, be necessary the measure of research elimination lead-in inductance impact.
Eliminate the measure of lead-in inductance impact:
(1) Figure 13 is for detecting the current waveform in loop, and when t=21.2ms, electric current reaches peak value, now current changing rate di/dt=0.Because inductive drop meets u=L * di/dt, wherein L is inductance value, and u is inductive drop, and i is loop current.To reach the peak value place at electric current be 0 in the pressure drop of inductance.This voltage that constantly records the isolating switch two ends is exactly the voltage on circuit breaker contact persistence r.Experimental calculation also shows, when t=21.2ms, on inductance, voltage is 0, and it is the loop resistance magnitude of voltage that the test voltage line records magnitude of voltage, now the loop resistance voltage U
g=0.1442V, the measuring resistance voltage U
r=0.1442V, and measuring resistance resistance r=100 μ Ω, according to voltage-ratio method
obtain loop resistance R=100 μ Ω identical with preset value, the loop resistance resistance is accurately measured.If will obtain Measurement accuracy isolating switch loop resistance visible, the magnitude of voltage that while only needing the acquisition testing loop current to reach peak value, pressure-wire records gets final product, and on measuring resistance, voltage waveform reaches peak value and constantly is and detects loop current and reach peak value constantly.
(2) when actual measurement, due to on-the-spot strong electromagnetic, and the impact of other X factors, may there be larger error in single collection point, should gather some points more and be calculated and average.Observe Figure 11 waveform, the voltage waveform variation range that the actual detection of discovery voltage signal line obtains is very large, maximum reaches power source charges voltage 15V, if adopt voltage sensor to carry out data acquisition, require the voltage sensor input range very large, be multiplied by a coefficient and the measuring accuracy of voltage sensor is measurement range, will make like this voltage sensor measuring accuracy lower, affect measurement result.If will thoroughly eliminate the impact of lead-in inductance, can adopt shielding line to eliminate the impact of mutual inductance, and eliminate on-the-spot electromagnetic interference (EMI), avoid interference signal and enter slotted line.
Claims (5)
1. a method that detects the isolating switch loop resistance based on heavy impulse current, wherein isolating switch loop resistance testing circuit includes ultracapacitor and measuring resistance, it is characterized in that, the measurement of described isolating switch loop resistance adopts voltage-ratio method, and described ultracapacitor is used as heavy impulse current generation power supply, for generation of the detection heavy impulse current.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, if isolating switch is the multi-break isolating switch, and arc-extinguishing chamber of circuit breaker is while being parallel with equalizing capacitance, and described equalizing capacitance detects not impact for the isolating switch loop resistance based on heavy impulse current.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, for the impact of eliminating lead-in inductance in testing circuit accurately to detect the isolating switch loop resistance, the magnitude of voltage that magnitude of voltage on the isolating switch loop resistance is recorded by pressure-wire while only needing the acquisition testing loop current to reach peak value gets final product, and wherein pressure-wire is the signal wire for detection of circuit breaker voltage.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, for the impact of eliminating lead-in inductance in testing circuit with Measurement accuracy isolating switch loop resistance, can adopt shielding line to eliminate the impact of the mutual inductance between electric current line and pressure-wire, and eliminate on-the-spot electromagnetic interference (EMI), avoid interference signal and enter electric current line and pressure-wire; Wherein the electric current line is the main discharge circuit wiring, and pressure-wire is the signal wire for detection of circuit breaker voltage, and electric current line and pressure-wire are suspended on the breaker fracture two ends, and the electric current line is the parallel state of being close to substantially with pressure-wire.
5. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, preferred, the collection of magnitude of voltage can gather repeatedly, then carries out the calculating of loop resistance, averages afterwards again.
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| CN103884916A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-06-25 | 国家电网公司 | Novel topology loop for measuring breaker loop resistance and measuring method of novel topology loop |
| CN103926466A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 武汉大学 | Electrical equipment loop resistor test system and contact state evaluation method |
| CN105866667A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 国家电网公司 | Loop resistance test method for two-terminal-grounding circuit breaker |
| CN107122511A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-09-01 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of super capacitor fractional model parameter identification method |
| CN109839539A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-06-04 | 云南电网有限责任公司瑞丽供电局 | A kind of dynamic resistance of high-voltage circuit breaker measurement method |
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| CN115144791A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-10-04 | 浙江新图维电子科技有限公司 | Method and system for online detection of high-voltage cable armor grounding state |
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| CN103884916A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-06-25 | 国家电网公司 | Novel topology loop for measuring breaker loop resistance and measuring method of novel topology loop |
| CN103926466A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 武汉大学 | Electrical equipment loop resistor test system and contact state evaluation method |
| CN103926466B (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2016-08-24 | 武汉大学 | A kind of electrical equipment loop resistance test system and contact condition appraisal procedure |
| CN107122511B (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2020-08-04 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Super capacitor fractional order model parameter identification method |
| CN107122511A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-09-01 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of super capacitor fractional model parameter identification method |
| CN105866667A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 国家电网公司 | Loop resistance test method for two-terminal-grounding circuit breaker |
| CN105866667B (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-12-04 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of loop resistance test method of two sides earth breaker |
| CN109839539A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-06-04 | 云南电网有限责任公司瑞丽供电局 | A kind of dynamic resistance of high-voltage circuit breaker measurement method |
| CN111751622A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-10-09 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for measuring circuit breaker loop resistance |
| CN111880007A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-11-03 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for judging circuit breaker loop resistance qualification |
| CN111856143A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-10-30 | 云南电力技术有限责任公司 | Grounding impedance test method and device for eliminating mutual inductance influence |
| CN115144791A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-10-04 | 浙江新图维电子科技有限公司 | Method and system for online detection of high-voltage cable armor grounding state |
| CN115144791B (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-12-09 | 浙江新图维电子科技有限公司 | Method and system for online detection of high-voltage cable armor grounding state |
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Application publication date: 20140101 |