CN113558049A - Drought-resistant rice seed treating agent and application thereof - Google Patents

Drought-resistant rice seed treating agent and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113558049A
CN113558049A CN202110991263.3A CN202110991263A CN113558049A CN 113558049 A CN113558049 A CN 113558049A CN 202110991263 A CN202110991263 A CN 202110991263A CN 113558049 A CN113558049 A CN 113558049A
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seeds
coating
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drought
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CN113558049B (en
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胡立勇
张康康
毕俊国
罗利军
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N29/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing halogenated hydrocarbons
    • A01N29/02—Acyclic compounds or compounds containing halogen attached to an aliphatic side-chain of a cycloaliphatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a drought-resistant rice seed treating agent, which consists of 3-bromopentane and manganese chloride; it is also disclosed for seed priming: after the seeds are disinfected and washed by sodium hypochlorite, 3-bromopentane with the concentration of 4-6 mg/ml and manganese chloride with the concentration of 0.25 mg/ml are adopted, the seeds and a treating agent solution are soaked and initiated for 12 hours in a dark environment with the temperature of 26 +/-1 ℃ according to the proportion of 1:5, and then the seeds are taken out, washed for 3-5 times by clear water and dried; it is also disclosed for seed coating: adopting 3-bromopentane with the concentration of 12-18 mg/ml and manganese chloride solution with the concentration of 2.5 mg/ml and a coating agent according to the ratio of 2: 8, adding water with the volume of 4-5 times of that of the mixture to dilute the mixture to form a coating liquid, and placing the coating liquid in a container of a special seed coating machine; according to the liquid: seed = 55: 1, coating the seeds. The invention firstly proposes that the 3-bromopentane carries out seed initiation or envelope under the appropriate concentration, and has the functions of promoting the germination, rooting and stem leaf growth of plant seeds.

Description

Drought-resistant rice seed treating agent and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plant growth conditioners, and particularly relates to a drought-resistant rice seed treating agent based on 3-bromopentane, and application of the treating agent to initiation and coating of drought-resistant rice and drought-resistant rice seeds.
Background
The shortage of water resources becomes an international problem, and the traditional flooding irrigation rice production mode consumes a large amount of fresh water resources, so that the sustainable development of agriculture is seriously restricted, and the development of a water-saving drought-resisting cultivation way is urgently needed. The water-saving drought-resistant rice is a new type of cultivated rice which has the characteristics of high yield and high quality of rice and the characteristics of water saving and drought resistance of dry rice. The water-saving drought-resistant rice can be planted in a drought pipe in a drought way, namely the whole process of sowing, seedling emergence and field management is completed like wheat planting. Therefore, the development of water-saving drought-resistant rice is beneficial to increasing and stabilizing the yield of rice, reducing water resource consumption, reducing labor input, saving labor, labor and cost and protecting the ecological environment.
However, under a dry direct seeding system, the water-saving drought-resistant rice also has the problems of low emergence rate and difficulty in 'full seedling sowing at one time'. The low emergence rate, uneven emergence and low growth vigor are the keys influencing the direct seeding and seedling formation of the drought-resistant rice. The adoption of seed treatment before sowing is an important technical approach for improving the germination and emergence characteristics of seeds, improving the emergence rate and strong seedling rate of water-saving drought-resistant rice and realizing 'full seedling' by one-time sowing.
The research shows that the plant growth regulator can effectively control the growth and development of plants and improve the crop yield. Crop chemical control technology taking plant growth regulator application as a means has become an important technology for high yield, high quality and high efficiency production of crops and plays an increasingly important role. The plant growth regulating substance is applied to seed treatment before sowing, the environmental conditions, concentration and time for using the medicament are relatively easy to control, the effect is more stable than that of field application, the influence of the regulating substance can be continued to the growth and development of the plants in the later period, and the plant morphological index, physiological and biochemical reaction and stress resistance are continuously influenced, so that the use effect of the regulator is improved, and the labor investment for applying the medicament in the plant growth process and the possible adverse environmental influence can be obviously reduced. Therefore, the seed treatment is a technology with high efficiency, environmental protection and wide application prospect. Is also one of the important technologies for realizing light simplified cultivation and mechanized direct seeding of crops.
3-Bromopentane (Bromopentane), also known as 3-pentylbromide, 3-Bromopentane. The 3-bromopentane can be used as an intermediate of products such as medicines, chemical engineering, spices and the like, and can be used for preparing 2- (3-alkyl phenoxy) pyridine derivatives and preparing 2- (3-pentyl-4-methoxy phenoxy) pyridine. 3-bromopentane is used as an unsaturated polyester adhesive curing and accelerating agent, an accelerating agent of vinyl compound polymer rubber and anaerobic adhesive, a plastic curing agent, a chemical reaction deacidification agent, a metal preservative and the like, and is also used as a raw material for manufacturing triphenylmethane dyes, azo dyes, basic dyes and color developers. The 3-bromopentane serving as a pesticide raw material can be used for preparing insecticides and bactericides. However, no research and report on the adoption of 3-bromopentane as a plant growth regulator and a seed treatment agent exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a drought-resistant rice seed treating agent, and relates to application of 3-bromopentane in regulation of plant growth activity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a drought-resistant rice seed treating agent is a solution prepared by taking 3-bromopentane as a main material and manganese chloride as an auxiliary material. The 3-bromopentane (Catechol) is colorless crystal with a molecular formula of C6H6O2Molecular weight is 110, and the product is soluble in water, alcohol, ether, chloroform, pyridine and alkaline water solution, and insoluble in cold benzene; can be distilled by water vapor and can be sublimated. The structural formula is as follows:
Figure 820217DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
。
the invention also aims to provide the seed treatment agent for seed priming, which comprises the following steps:
adopting a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 0.1% according to the seed: sodium hypochlorite solution = 1:5 (m/v) disinfecting the seeds for 10min, and then washing the seeds with distilled water for 4-5 times; soaking the drought-resistant rice seeds in a 3-bromopentane solution with the concentration of 4-6 mg/ml and a manganese chloride solution with the concentration of 0.25 mg/ml for 12 hours in a dark environment with the temperature of 26 +/-1 ℃ according to the proportion of 1:5 (m/v); and taking out the seeds, washing the seeds for 3-5 times by using clear water, and then airing the seeds.
The invention also aims to provide the seed treating agent for seed coating, which comprises the following steps:
adopting 3-bromopentane with the concentration of 12-18 mg/ml and manganese chloride solution with the concentration of 2.5 mg/ml and a coating agent according to the ratio of 2: 8 (v/v), adding water with the volume of 4-5 times of that of the mixture to dilute the mixture to form a coating liquid, and placing the coating liquid in a clean vessel; when the crop seeds are subjected to coating operation, the coating liquid comprises the following components: seed = 55: 1 (ml/kg), using a special seed coating machine to atomize the coating solution and uniformly coat the coating solution on the surface of the seeds, then quickly drying the water in the coating solution on the surface of the seeds through a fluidized bed, and firmly attaching the dried 3-bromopentane on the surface of the seeds in a film form.
The coating agent is Bian Liang Jinyi Weidai rice seed coating agent.
The application of the drought-resistant rice seed treating agent is characterized in that a special seed coating machine is a Beijing modern agricultural 5BW50-100 type coating machine.
The fluidized bed of the drought-resistant rice seed treating agent is a WLG-6X1.2 reciprocating fluidized bed dryer of Jiangsu Bosiwei chemical equipment engineering Co.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is based on the characteristics that 3-bromopentane has low-concentration promoting and high-concentration inhibiting effects on crop seeds, can be used as a novel plant seed initiator component, and is applied to treatment of seeds of drought-resistant rice and drought-resistant rice (upland rice). The 3-bromopentane with proper concentration can adjust the vitality of the seeds, effectively accelerate the germination and emergence of the seeds, improve the emergence rate and promote the growth of seedlings.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The invention relates to a drought-resistant rice seed treating agent which is a solution prepared by taking 3-bromopentane as a main material and manganese chloride as an auxiliary material.
The invention also relates to application of the 3-bromopentane in promoting germination of drought-resistant rice or drought-resistant rice seeds, and the 3-bromopentane is applied to initiation and enveloping treatment of the drought-resistant rice seeds. The 3-bromopentane has low-concentration promoting and high-concentration inhibiting effects on crop seeds, and can be used as a novel plant seed initiator and a novel coating agent component in the fields of agriculture, forestry, gardening and the like, in particular to crops such as drought-resistant rice, dry rice (upland rice) and the like.
The embodiment provides an active ingredient seed initiation and coating method for promoting germination and emergence of drought-resistant rice, which comprises the following steps:
seed priming: adopting a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 0.1% according to the seed: sodium hypochlorite solution = 1:5 (m/v) disinfecting the seeds for 10min, and then washing the seeds with distilled water for 4-5 times; soaking the drought-resistant rice seeds in a 3-bromopentane solution with the concentration of 4-6 mg/ml and a manganese chloride solution with the concentration of 0.25 mg/ml for 12 hours in a dark environment with the temperature of 26 +/-1 ℃ according to the proportion of 1:5 (m/v); and taking out the seeds, washing the seeds for 3-5 times by using clear water, and then airing the seeds.
Coating the seeds: adopting 3-bromopentane with the concentration of 12-18 mg/ml and manganese chloride solution with the concentration of 2.5 mg/ml and a coating agent according to the ratio of 2: 8 (v/v), adding water with the volume of 4-5 times of that of the mixture to dilute the mixture to form a coating solution, and placing the diluted coating solution in a clean container. When in use, the diluted coating agent and the seeds are adopted: the seed number is 55: coating was carried out at a ratio of 1 (ml/kg). If a common container is adopted, the seeds are quickly stirred by a glass rod after being added, so that the coating solution is uniformly coated on the surfaces of the seeds, and then the seeds are dried in the shade and ventilated places for storage or sowing. If a coating machine is adopted to carry out coating operation on seeds, the coating solution is atomized in the coating machine and then uniformly coated on the surfaces of the seeds, and the coated seeds are quickly dried by a fluidized bed and then preserved or sowed.
The 3-bromopentane (Gamma-butyrolactone) is a transparent light yellow liquid organic matter, is insoluble in water, is dissolved in ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene, acetone and chloroform, and is obtained by reacting 3-pentanol with hydrogen bromide in the presence of sulfuric acid. The molecular weight thereof: 151.04, formula: c5H11Br is added. The structural formula is as follows:
Figure 471779DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
。
(1) test materials: the tested variety is drought-resistant rice variety drought-excellent 73.
(2) The test treatment method comprises the following steps:
seed priming: according to the seed: sodium hypochlorite solution = 1:5 (m/v), disinfecting the mixture for about 10min by using a 0.1% sodium hypochlorite solution, then washing the mixture for 4-5 times by using distilled water, and washing off the residual solution of the sodium hypochlorite on the surface. The tested seeds are soaked for 12 hours by adopting the treating agent of 3-bromopentane with the concentration of 5 mg/ml and manganese chloride with the concentration of 2.5 mg/ml, then are cleaned by clear water, dried and sowed in a germination box.
Coating the seeds: the test seeds adopt 15 mg/ml 3-bromopentane and 2.5 mg/ml manganese chloride treating agent and coating agent according to the proportion of 2: 8 volume ratio (v/v) to uniformly coat the surface of the seeds with the coating solution, air-drying the coated seeds, and sowing the seeds in a germination box.
The treated seeds are placed in an artificial climate incubator for growth. The incubator is set to light (13000 lx)/dark (0 lx), and the light/dark time is set to 12 h/12 h. The night/day temperature was set at 25/30 ℃. The seeds were evenly placed in germination boxes (volume 12X 12 cm) covered with 3 layers of autoclaved filter paper and added with 12ml of distilled water, 50 seeds were placed in order in each germination box, and the procedure was repeated three times.
(3) The measuring and calculating method comprises the following steps: recording the germination rate every day after sowing; the rate of emergence was counted daily from the date of emergence. On day 7, sampling seedlings, and determining the fresh weight and the dry weight of the seedlings. And calculating indexes of germination rate, emergence rate, average germination time (MGT), Germination Index (GI) and the like of different crops.
And (4) after sowing, placing the incubator for 24h, and counting indexes such as germination rate, emergence rate and the like according to the same time every day. The germination rate of the seeds is counted by taking the 'radicle breaking through seed coat' as a standard, and the emergence rate is counted by taking the 'radicle exceeding the length of the seeds and the embryo reaching half of the length of the seeds' as a standard.
The indexes of germination rate, emergence rate, average germination time (MGT), average emergence time (MET), Germination Index (GI), Seedling Vigor Index (SVI) and the like are calculated according to the following formulas.
Germination rate: GP = Gn/100 × 100% (Gn represents the total number of germinated seeds);
emergence rate: EP = En/100 × 100% (En represents the total number of seeds that emerge);
average germination time:
Figure 48253DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
(gi represents the number of seeds germinated on day i, ti represents day i since sowing);
average time of emergence:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
(ei represents the number of seeds emerging on day i, ti represents day i since emergence);
germination index:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
；
seedling vitality index: SVI = GI x m. (m is individual seedling dry weight).
Seeds were sampled on day 7 post-sowing: 30 seedlings with uniform growth vigor are taken from each box, the highest 5 seedlings and the lowest 5 seedlings are selected, the remaining seedlings are 20 seedlings with uniform growth vigor, the root length and the stem length of the seedlings are respectively measured by a ruler, all seedlings which have emerged in each box with repeated sprouting are taken out, the overground part, the underground part and the underground part are separately sampled and bagged, the boxes are placed in an oven for deactivation of enzymes at 105 ℃ for 20min and then dried to balance weight at 70 ℃, and the dry weight of stems, leaves and the dry weight of roots are respectively weighed.
The results of the effect of seed priming and coating treatments on germination obtained in this example are shown in the following table.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
The results of the effect of the obtained seed priming and coating treatments on seedling growth are shown in the following table.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
The results of the two tables show that after the seeds are initiated and coated by adopting the determined appropriate concentration of the 3-bromopentane, the indexes of the drought-resistant rice, such as the average germination and emergence time, the germination and emergence rate, the height and the root length of the seedlings, the weight of stems and leaves of the seedlings, the dry weight and the total dry weight of the roots and the like, can reach obvious levels compared with the control. Has the effects of improving the seed vitality, effectively accelerating the seed germination speed, improving the germination rate and the emergence rate and promoting strong seedlings.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A drought-resistant rice seed treating agent is characterized in that: it is a solution prepared by using 3-bromopentane as a main material and manganese chloride as an auxiliary material.
2. The drought resistant rice seed treatment agent for seed priming according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
adopting a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 0.1% according to the seed: sodium hypochlorite solution = 1:5 (m/v) disinfecting the seeds for 10min, and then washing the seeds with distilled water for 4-5 times;
soaking the drought-resistant rice seeds in a 3-bromopentane solution with the concentration of 4-6 mg/ml and a manganese chloride solution with the concentration of 0.25 mg/ml for 12 hours in a dark environment with the temperature of 26 +/-1 ℃ according to the proportion of 1:5 (m/v); and taking out the seeds, washing the seeds for 3-5 times by using clear water, and then airing the seeds.
3. The drought resistant rice seed treatment agent for seed coating according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
adopting 3-bromopentane with the concentration of 12-18 mg/ml and manganese chloride solution with the concentration of 2.5 mg/ml and a coating agent according to the ratio of 2: 8 (v/v), adding water with the volume of 4-5 times of that of the mixture to dilute the mixture to form a coating liquid, and placing the coating liquid in a clean vessel; according to the liquid: seed = 55: 1 (ml/kg), using a special seed coating machine to atomize the coating solution and uniformly coat the coating solution on the surface of the seeds, and then rapidly drying the water in the coating solution on the surface of the seeds through a fluidized bed to ensure that the dried 3-bromopentane is firmly attached to the surface of the seeds in a film form.
4. The application of the drought resistant rice seed treating agent as claimed in claim 3, wherein the coating agent is Bian Liang jin Yi rice seed coating agent.
5. The application of the drought resistant rice seed treatment agent according to claim 3, wherein the special seed coating machine is a modern agricultural 5BW50-100 type coating machine in Beijing.
6. The use of the drought resistant rice seed treatment agent according to claim 3, wherein the fluidized bed is a reciprocating fluidized bed dryer model WLG-6X1.2 of Jiangsu Boschwey chemical plant engineering Co.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023246170A1 (en) * 2022-06-24 2023-12-28 上海市农业科学院 Direct seeding and drought management planting-based method for reducing methane emission of paddy field, and use thereof

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CN1102944A (en) * 1993-11-24 1995-05-31 化学工业部沈阳化工研究院 Seed processing agent for paddy rice direct seeding

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1102944A (en) * 1993-11-24 1995-05-31 化学工业部沈阳化工研究院 Seed processing agent for paddy rice direct seeding

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Title
宋平: "国外种子处理的进展", 《种子世界》 *
许易梅 等: "不同浓度的萘嵌戊烷和秋水仙素对‘黔通2号’果实农艺性状的影响研究", 《特产研究》 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023246170A1 (en) * 2022-06-24 2023-12-28 上海市农业科学院 Direct seeding and drought management planting-based method for reducing methane emission of paddy field, and use thereof

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