CN113555575A

CN113555575A - Automatic recovery system for waste lithium battery shells and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113555575A
Application number: CN202010340621.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹宏斌; 陶天一; 孙峙
Original assignee: Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
Priority date: 2020-04-26
Filing date: 2020-04-26
Publication date: 2021-10-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-26
Also published as: CN113555575B

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic recovery system of waste lithium battery shells and a using method thereof, wherein the automatic recovery system comprises a transmission unit, a separation unit and a cutting unit; the transmission unit is connected with the separation unit and used for transmitting the lithium battery to the separation unit; the separation unit comprises a conveying assembly and a transmission mechanism horizontally connected with the conveying assembly, and the conveying assembly moves horizontally under the driving of the transmission mechanism; the cutting unit comprises a push rod, a driving device and a cutting tool, the push rod is in transmission connection with the driving device, the push rod penetrates through the conveying assembly, the cutting tool is fixed at the outlet end of the conveying assembly, the conveying assembly is driven by the transmission mechanism to be close to or far away from the cutting tool, and the push rod stretches into the conveying assembly under the driving of the driving device and pushes out the battery to complete the cutting of the battery shell. The automatic recovery system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure in the operation process, high automation degree, high cutting speed, high disassembly efficiency, low manufacturing cost and low maintenance requirement.

Description

Automatic recovery system for waste lithium battery shells and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic waste recovery, relates to an automatic recovery system of waste lithium battery shells and a using method thereof, and particularly relates to an automatic recovery system of waste lithium battery shells with a single motion trail and a using method thereof.

Background

In the lithium battery recycling process, the battery needs to be crushed or disassembled for the purpose of dissociating and recycling the metal material with resource property. The current common methods comprise 3 methods, namely direct crushing, secondary disassembling and primary disassembling, mixing and crushing.

Direct crushing is to carry the unified breakage in the breaker to a large amount of batteries of collecting, and its advantage is that can handle the material in batches, and breaker does not have the challenge in the technical aspect, has ripe complete sets to supply purchase. However, direct comminution results in a material which contains a large amount of impurities, which leads to unnecessary material and energy losses in the subsequent recovery process, as well as a lower recovery rate and a lower purity product. The cutter head and the inner wall of the device, which are directly contacted with the material, of the crushing device are also seriously corroded, and the device has high maintenance and repair requirements.

And (4) secondary disassembly is carried out, and more refined disassembly is realized on the separated battery cell. The secondary disassembly comprises the steps of unfolding the coiled current collector in the battery core, realizing the separation of the current collector, the diaphragm and the powder, enriching various materials to a certain extent, and increasing the purity of the obtained product. But has the disadvantage that the fine dissociation of each cell takes more time, resulting in a reduction in throughput. The development of a fine secondary dismantling device is not mature, and compared with a direct crushing device, the cost is higher, so that the fine secondary dismantling process is only suitable for laboratory research at present and is not suitable for industrialization.

And (4) disassembling, mixing and crushing once, and performing uniform crushing treatment on the battery cell after separating the battery cell and the steel shell. The energy consumption of the process is lower than that of direct crushing, the materials obtained by crushing on the basis of removing a steel shell and a pole lug have high purity, but the defect is that the existing one-time disassembling process needs to cut a battery shell in complex actions, generally, the cutting of two ends and the longitudinal cutting of a shell body are carried out, then an internal battery core is pushed out by a push rod, the movement is complex, and a plurality of related mechanical transmission devices consume long time. From the viewpoint of the industrialization and the objective of high-purity materials, it is considered that primary dismantling, mixing and crushing are more suitable for the industrial expansion than direct crushing and secondary dismantling. Therefore, the cutting and process flow simplification for solving the complex actions in the current one-time disassembly stage is a primary research target.

At present, a wafer saw blade and laser which rotate at a high speed are mostly adopted for removing a battery steel shell as a cutting unit, and the cutting unit is matched with a sliding table or a mechanical arm to realize cutting actions, such as:

CN106816665A discloses automatic cutting equipment and method of old and useless power lithium cell electricity core, battery monomer feed case, step feed mechanism, light-duty monomer removes material manipulator, monomer location clamping mechanism, shell cutting device, shell receiving agencies, the shell collecting box, electric core ejecting device, electric core location clamping mechanism, electric core vertical cutting device, electric core horizontal cutting device, electric core piece collecting container, above-mentioned device loops through the main engine body and auxiliary device connects and constitutes an integral automatic control equipment and forms an inclosed processing space.

CN207233900U discloses automatic equipment of disassembling of lithium cell module, including backup pad, horizontal transport mechanism, image acquisition mechanism and laser cutting mechanism, the backup pad set up in a supporting bench upper end, a supporting bench, backup pad central authorities vacuole formation, the cavity in be provided with horizontal transport mechanism, backup pad upper end, the side that is located horizontal transport mechanism be provided with the guide rail, the guide rail on be provided with image acquisition mechanism and laser cutting mechanism respectively through the forked tail cooperation.

CN209963160U discloses a semi-automatic battery peeler, including industry control machine case and cutting mechanism, through industry control machine case control laser generator, driving motor, first cylinder, second cylinder, third cylinder, multi-rod cylinder, fourth cylinder, fifth cylinder, sixth cylinder, slip table cylinder, first proximity switch sensor, second proximity switch sensor, drive arrangement and optical fiber sensor's operation, carry out the micro-heating to the battery epidermis through laser generator, under the extrusion of gear hobbing cutter and top pinch roller on the gyro wheel cutting mechanism, the battery epidermis is peeled off, even laser generator closes when optical fiber sensor reaches the detection threshold, thereby accomplish the automation of battery to skin, through the linkage of first proximity switch sensor, second proximity switch sensor, fourth cylinder, fifth cylinder, realize the buffering ejection of compact of battery, through operating personnel control sixth cylinder, The slip table cylinder is the manual operation ejection of compact to the realization is skinned to cylindrical battery's semi-automatization.

CN207495588U discloses a cylindrical lithium battery disassembling device, which comprises a workbench; the workbench comprises an upper shell taking mechanism, a servo mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a cavity sealing mechanism, a lower shell taking mechanism and an electric core taking mechanism, wherein the upper shell taking mechanism is arranged above the workbench and used for clamping a battery, the servo mechanism is used for driving the upper shell taking mechanism to move longitudinally and transversely, the cutting mechanism is used for cutting the battery, the cavity sealing mechanism is used for providing a sealed environment for the cutting mechanism, the lower shell taking mechanism is arranged below the cavity sealing mechanism and used for taking away the lower shell of the battery, and the electric core taking mechanism is used for taking away the electric core part of the battery.

CN210092279U discloses sorting machine is disassembled in automation of positive negative pole of lithium cell electrode and diaphragm, including setting up on the mounting panel of frame: the electrode feeding mechanism to be decomposed is used for providing a lithium battery to be decomposed; the separator receiving mechanism is positioned above the electrode feeding mechanism to be decomposed and is used for collecting the separator of the lithium battery positioned on the electrode feeding mechanism to be decomposed; the positive pole that sets up at waiting to decompose electrode feeding mechanism both ends decomposes and transplants arm and negative pole and decomposes and transplant the arm, is used for the positive pole and the negative pole of lithium cell to snatch respectively to place lithium cell positive pole and lithium cell negative pole in positive pole receiving storehouse and negative pole receiving storehouse respectively.

CN205437505U discloses square lithium cell laser cutting machine, including work platform and setting conveyer, last unloading manipulator and the laser cutting device on this work platform, the laser cutting device is including setting up fixture and cutting mechanism on the work platform.

The prior art mainly adopts a wafer saw blade rotating at a high speed, laser or a mechanical arm as a cutting unit, and has the defect that the relative movement of the positions is realized by the driving of a sliding table to complete the cutting of the head, the tail and the side body of the lithium battery. After the lithium battery is broken and disassembled, lithium hexafluorophosphate inside the lithium battery and electrolyte can volatilize and react with air to generate irritant, toxic and corrosive gas. The sliding table and the mechanical arm with precise structures all need higher manufacturing cost, and frequent maintenance can cause higher cost. And the cutting action in 3 azimuths and the action of pushing out the battery cell make the process flow become complicated, and more time is used.

CN207606753U discloses lithium battery case's dismounting device, including stand, cutting edge, well solid fixed ring, set up on the base the stand, the stand lower part sets up down the dead lever, the base middle part sets up well dead lever, base upper portion sets up the dead lever, the dead lever other end sets up down solid fixed ring down, the well dead lever other end sets up well solid fixed ring, the upper fixed lever other end sets up solid fixed ring, set up the guide rail on the base, set up the pillar on the guide rail, the pillar other end sets up the guide rail, the guide rail side sets up the slider, the terminal awl that sets up of slider, it sets up the silk sword to detain the awl end, gu fixed ring upper portion sets up the cutting edge, set up the cutting edge face on the cutting edge, set up the unloading piece under the solid fixed ring. However, the technique has problems that: (1) the upper cover of lithium cell can block in the ring sword inner chamber after being cut off by the ring sword, (2) do not disclose the battery bottom in the embodiment and need cut off earlier, and the process that the ring sword moved down can stir up the inside electric core of battery, (3) stir up the garrulous negative and positive negative pole short circuit of mass flow body simultaneously and sharply send out heat, when electric core was released, it is higher to meet the possibility that oxygen produced burning and explosion.

In summary, the lithium battery cutting scheme proposed at present has the following disadvantages: the purity of the directly crushed material is low; the flow of finely disassembling the current collector is long, and the yield is low; the mechanical movement of the disassembly and crushing mixing mode in the disassembly stage is complex, the device cost is high, the single treatment process is long, and the yield is low. Therefore, there is a need for an apparatus and method for automatically recycling waste lithium battery shells to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an automatic recovery system of waste lithium battery shells and a using method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, the invention provides an automatic recovery system for waste lithium battery shells, which comprises a transmission unit, a separation unit and a cutting unit.

The transmission unit is connected with the separation unit and used for transmitting the lithium battery to the separation unit.

The separation unit comprises a conveying assembly and a transmission mechanism horizontally connected with the conveying assembly, the conveying assembly is used for receiving the lithium batteries conveyed by the conveying device, and the conveying assembly moves horizontally under the driving of the transmission mechanism.

The cutting unit comprises a push rod, a driving device and a cutting tool, the push rod is in transmission connection with the driving device, the push rod penetrates through the conveying assembly, the cutting tool is fixed at the outlet end of the conveying assembly, the conveying assembly is driven by the transmission mechanism to be close to or far away from the cutting tool, and the push rod stretches into the conveying assembly under the driving of the driving device and pushes out the battery to complete the cutting of the battery shell.

The automatic recovery system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation process, all functions of battery feeding to battery core shell stripping, high automation degree, convenience in operation, high integration level, small occupied area and low manufacturing cost, is suitable for industrial recovery assembly lines and laboratory research, replaces manual disassembly, and is high in cutting speed and disassembly efficiency, and the recovery purity is effectively improved.

The automatic recovery system provided by the invention adopts the cutting tool with a special structure, so that the lithium battery can complete the cutting of the lithium battery shell even if the lithium battery moves in a single direction, the single-direction movement is favorable for the self-centering of the lithium battery, the cutting task is completed only by continuously contacting the battery with a cutting head without continuously changing the cutting track, the positioning between the cutting tool and the lithium battery is more favorable, the damage of the cutting tool to a battery core is effectively avoided, the cutting step is greatly simplified, the cutting efficiency and the cutting stability are improved, the noise generated in the cutting process is reduced, and the dust generated in the cutting process can be effectively avoided, is favorable for protecting the environment.

As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the separation unit includes a front fixing plate and a rear fixing plate, a positioning flange is disposed between the front fixing plate and the rear fixing plate, and the positioning flange is fixed between the front fixing plate and the rear fixing plate through a rod member.

The positioning flange is provided with an annular pushing sheet which can translate along the axial direction, the positioning flange is fixed with a cutting tool, and the cutting tool is provided with a through guide hole along the axial direction.

The positioning flange comprises a flange plate and a flange shaft positioned in the center of the flange plate, the annular push-out piece is sleeved on the flange shaft and translates along the flange shaft, and a cutting tool is fixed on the flange shaft.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a conveying assembly which can translate along the axial direction is arranged between the front fixing plate and the positioning flange, and the conveying assembly is of a hollow structure which penetrates through along the axial direction.

The conveying assembly comprises a conveying bin and a conveying pushing-out piece, the conveying bin is a cylinder which is horizontally arranged, and the conveying pushing-out piece is a disc which is coaxially fixed at one end of the cylinder; the top of the conveying bin is provided with a battery position supplementing port communicated with the inside of the conveying assembly; a through hole is formed in the front fixing plate, and one end, far away from the conveying push-out piece, of the conveying bin penetrates through the through hole; the conveying push-out piece is fixedly connected with the annular push-out piece through a rod piece.

In the invention, the cutting tool is provided with a through guide-out hole along the axial direction, the guide-out hole is used for the lithium battery to pass through the center of the lithium battery, and the cutting edge of the cutting tool cuts the lithium battery shell in the process that the lithium battery passes through the cutting tool, so that the shell and the battery core are separated. The cutting task is completed by using the cutter only by continuously contacting the battery with the cutting head without continuously changing the cutting track, so that the cutting step is simplified to a great extent, the cutting efficiency and the cutting stability are improved, the noise generated in the cutting process is reduced, the dust generated in the cutting process can be effectively avoided, and the environment is protected.

It should be noted that the structure of the cutting tool is not specifically limited and required, and optionally, the tool for peeling off the cylindrical battery shell disclosed in CN207997029U specifically includes a tool seat and a cutting head connected with each other, the cutting head includes at least two tool posts, the top of the tool post is provided with a cutting edge, the tool posts are arranged around the axis of the tool seat and form a lead-out hole for allowing the battery core to pass through, and the lead-out hole penetrates through the tool seat. When the cutter performs a cutting operation, the battery is brought into contact with the cutter post, and the case of the battery is cut by the cutting blade, so that the battery cell of the battery passes through the lead-out hole.

As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, a flange pushing piece which translates along the axial direction is disposed between the positioning flange and the rear fixing plate, and the flange pushing piece is fixedly connected to the annular pushing piece through a rod.

According to a preferable technical scheme of the invention, along the pushing-out direction of the lithium battery, the conveying pushing-out piece, the annular pushing-out piece and the flange pushing-out piece of the conveying assembly are sequentially and fixedly connected through a rod piece to form a tower structure capable of axially translating.

The separation unit still include power device, power device output shaft pass the after-fixing board and connect the flange push away the piece, power device drive the flange in proper order and push away piece, annular push away the piece, the conveying pushes away piece and conveying storehouse translation.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a conveying bin sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the conveying bin, and a through groove corresponding to the battery position repairing port is formed in the top of the conveying bin sleeve.

Conveying push sheet and annular push sheet between still the cover be equipped with the cutting safety cover, cutting safety cover top and bottom all set up the through-hole.

In the invention, the conveying bin sleeve is mainly used for fixing the center of the conveying bin and preventing the lithium battery from deviating in the process of pushing the lithium battery out by the push rod. The cutting protection cover is mainly used for fixing the conveying push-out piece and the annular push-out piece to be located on the same axis, the top through hole is used for observing the cutting process, and the bottom through hole is used for enabling the cut shell to fall into the collecting box below.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the transmission unit comprises a vibration disc, a slide way and a battery collection box which are in butt joint connection in sequence.

The bottom opening of the battery collecting box is butted with a battery position supplementing opening at the top of the conveying bin.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the vibration tray is a feeding device for transporting batteries, which is well known to those skilled in the art, and the specific structure of the feeding device is well known in the art, and the present invention is not particularly limited and requires in particular, and for example, the vibration tray specifically includes a cylindrical hopper, a spiral track disposed on an outer wall of the cylindrical hopper, and a driving device for driving the cylindrical hopper to vibrate. It should be clear that the above-mentioned structure is only an exemplary description of the vibrating disk for helping the skilled in the art to understand the technical solution and implementation manner of the present invention, but it is not intended to be a further limitation of the present invention, in other words, other types of vibrating disks disclosed in the prior art or vibrating disks defined in new technology not yet disclosed are equally applicable to the present invention, and fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the automatic recycling system further includes a collecting unit.

The collecting unit comprises a shell collecting box and an electric core collecting box, the shell collecting box is located below the cutting tool and used for receiving and collecting a cut battery shell, the electric core collecting box is located below the area between the positioning flange and the rear fixing plate and used for receiving and collecting a cut electric core.

In the invention, as the lithium battery is gradually pushed to the cutting tool, the lithium battery gradually passes through the guide-out hole of the cutting tool, and is cut by the cutting edge of the cutting tool, the metal shell of the lithium battery is cut into a flower shape, when the lithium battery is to be completely pushed out of the conveying bin, most of the inner core of the battery enters the guide-out hole of the cutting tool, the push rod stops moving and abuts against the tail part of the lithium battery, the conveying assembly drives the transmission mechanism to move towards the direction far away from the cutting tool again, the shell which is cut into the flower shape is completely separated from the battery cell, the shell which is cut into the flower shape falls into the shell collecting box along with the trend, and the cell which strips the shell falls into the cell collecting box.

The transmission unit, the separation unit, the cutting unit and the collection unit are arranged in the sealing cover.

The sealing cover in still be provided with the tail gas processing unit, the tail gas processing unit be used for handling the waste gas and the dust that the lithium cell cutting in-process produced.

The automatic recovery system also comprises an operation platform; the operation platform is divided into three layers, the transmission unit is positioned on the upper layer of the operation platform, the separation unit and the cutting unit are positioned on the middle layer of the operation platform, and the collection unit and the tail gas treatment unit are positioned on the lower layer of the operation platform.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of using the automatic recycling system of the first aspect, the method comprising:

the transmission unit transmits the waste lithium batteries to the conveying assembly in order, the transmission mechanism drives the conveying assembly to translate to the cutting tool, the driving device drives the push rod to stretch into the conveying assembly and push out the lithium batteries, and the lithium batteries gradually penetrate through the guide-out holes of the cutting tool in the pushing-out process to disassemble the lithium battery shell.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the using method specifically comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps that (I) waste lithium batteries are conveyed into a slide way by a vibrating disc, and the lithium batteries are guided into a battery collecting box through the slide way to be arranged in order and fall into a battery position supplementing opening of a conveying assembly one by one;

(II) the power device sequentially drives the flange pushing sheet, the annular pushing sheet and the conveying assembly to move towards the direction of the cutting tool, and the conveying assembly stops moving after approaching the cutting tool;

(III) the push rod extends into the conveying assembly under the driving of the driving device and gradually pushes out the lithium battery, and the lithium battery passes through the cutting tool under the pushing of the push rod to complete the cutting of the shell;

(IV) when the tail part of the lithium battery is pushed to be left in the conveying assembly, the push rod stops moving and pushes against the tail part of the lithium battery, the driving device drives the conveying assembly to move towards the direction far away from the cutting tool, the lithium battery integrally pushes out the conveying assembly and penetrates through the cutting tool, the shell is completely separated from the battery cell, the separated shell falls into a shell collecting box, and the battery cell falls into a battery cell collecting box;

and (V) driving the conveying assembly to reset by the power device, and supplementing the lithium battery and repeating the steps to realize continuous cutting of the lithium battery shell.

In the invention, as the lithium battery is gradually pushed to the cutting tool, the lithium battery gradually passes through the guide-out hole of the cutting tool, the metal shell of the lithium battery is cut into a flower shape by the cutting of the cutting tool, when the lithium battery is to be completely pushed out of the conveying bin, most of the inner core of the battery enters the guide-out hole of the cutting tool, the push rod stops moving and abuts against the tail part of the lithium battery, the conveying assembly drives the annular push-out piece to move towards the direction far away from the cutting tool again, and the shell which is cut into the flower shape is completely separated from the battery cell and falls into different collecting boxes respectively.

The system refers to an equipment system, or a production equipment.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the automatic recovery system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation process, all functions of battery feeding to battery core shell stripping, high automation degree, convenience in operation, high integration level, small occupied area and low manufacturing cost, is suitable for industrial recovery assembly lines and laboratory research, replaces manual disassembly, and is high in cutting speed and disassembly efficiency, and the recovery purity is effectively improved.

(2) The automatic recovery system provided by the invention adopts the cutting tool with a special structure, so that the lithium battery can move in a single direction and can also cut the lithium battery shell, the movement in the single direction is favorable for self-centering of the lithium battery, the cutting task is completed only by continuously contacting the battery with the cutting head without continuously changing the cutting track, the positioning between the tool and the lithium battery is more favorable, the damage of the tool to the battery cell is effectively avoided, the cutting step is greatly simplified, the cutting efficiency and the cutting stability are improved, the noise generated in the cutting process is reduced, the dust generated in the cutting process can be effectively avoided, and the environment is favorably protected.

(3) The automatic recovery system provided by the invention has the advantages that the mechanisms are independently arranged, and the maintenance and the replacement of parts are convenient. The transmission unit provided by the invention realizes the ordered arrangement of the batteries and loads the batteries in the battery collection box, ensures the accurate transportation of the lithium batteries in the next working section, reduces the labor force of workers and improves the working efficiency. The automatic recovery system provided by the invention is designed in a sealing way, all mechanism parts are arranged in the sealing cover, and the bottom of the automatic recovery system is provided with the tail gas treatment unit, so that the safety of the external working environment is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automated recycling system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a separation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an assembly view of a separating unit and a cutting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

100-transmission unit; 110-a vibrating disk; 120-a slide; 130-a battery collection box; 200-a separation unit; 210-a front fixing plate; 220-rear fixing plate; 230-a positioning flange; 240-a transport assembly; 241-a transfer bin; 242-transport ejector sheet; 243-transfer cartridge sleeve; 250-a transmission mechanism; 251-ring-shaped push-out piece; 252-flange ejector blade; 253-a power plant; 260-cutting the protective cover; 300-a cutting unit; 310-a drive device; 320-a push rod; 330-a cutting tool; 400-a collection unit; 410-a housing collection bin; 420-a cell collection box; 500-a tail gas treatment unit; 600-an operating platform; 700-lithium battery.

Detailed Description

It is to be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be taken as limiting the present invention.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides an automatic recycling system for waste lithium batteries 700, which includes a transmission unit 100, a separation unit 200 and a cutting unit 300 as shown in fig. 1, wherein the transmission unit 100 is connected to the separation unit 200, and the transmission unit 100 is used for orderly transmitting the lithium batteries 700 to the separation unit 200. The separating unit 200 is shown in fig. 3 and includes a conveying assembly 240 and a transmission mechanism 250 horizontally connected to the conveying assembly 240, the conveying assembly 240 is used for receiving the lithium battery 700 conveyed by the conveying device, and the conveying assembly 240 is driven by the transmission mechanism 250 to move horizontally. The cutting unit 300, as shown in fig. 4, includes a push rod 320, a driving device 310 and a cutting tool 330, wherein the push rod 320 is in transmission connection with the driving device 310. As shown in fig. 5, the push rod 320 is inserted into the conveying assembly 240, the cutting tool 330 is fixed at the outlet end of the conveying assembly 240, the transmission mechanism 250 drives the conveying assembly 240 to approach or separate from the cutting tool 330, and the push rod 320 extends into the conveying assembly 240 under the driving of the driving device 310 and pushes out the lithium battery 700 to complete the cutting of the battery case. Compared with the prior art that the cutter is adopted for rotary cutting or the lithium battery multidirectional movement equipment is large in occupied area, high in error rate and high in equipment manufacturing and maintenance cost, the lithium battery 700 can be cut into the shell of the lithium battery 700 even if the lithium battery 700 moves in a single direction by utilizing the automatic recovery system, the single-direction movement is beneficial to self-centering of the lithium battery 700, the lithium battery 700 is continuously contacted with the cutting cutter 330 only when the cutting task is completed, the cutting track is not required to be continuously changed, the positioning between the cutting cutter 330 and the lithium battery 700 is more beneficial, the damage of the cutting cutter 330 to the battery core is effectively avoided, and the cutting step is greatly simplified.

As shown in fig. 2, the conveying unit 100 includes a vibrating tray 110, a chute 120, and a battery collecting box 130, which are connected in an abutting manner in sequence, wherein the chute 120 is of a spiral track structure, and a bottom opening of the battery collecting box 130 abuts against a battery position supplementing opening of a conveying assembly 240. The transfer unit 100 implements the orderly arrangement of the batteries and loads the batteries in the battery collecting box 130, ensures the accurate transportation of the lithium batteries 700 at the next process, reduces the labor of workers, and improves the work efficiency.

As shown in fig. 3, the separation unit 200 includes a front fixing plate 210 and a rear fixing plate 220, a positioning flange 230 is disposed between the front fixing plate 210 and the rear fixing plate 220, and further, the positioning flange 230 is fixed between the front fixing plate 210 and the rear fixing plate 220 by a rod member. The positioning flange 230 is provided with an annular pushing-out piece 251 which can translate along the axial direction, the positioning flange 230 is fixed with a cutting tool 330, the cutting tool 330 is a hollow structure which is through along the axial direction, in this specific embodiment, the cutting tool 330 adopts a tool disclosed in CN207997029U for peeling off a cylindrical battery shell, and specifically includes a tool holder and a cutting head which are connected with each other, the cutting head includes at least two tool posts, the top of the tool post is provided with a cutting tool edge, the tool posts are arranged around the axis of the tool holder and form a leading-out hole which allows a battery core to pass through, and the leading-out hole penetrates through the tool holder. When the cutter performs a cutting operation, the battery is brought into contact with the cutter post, and the case of the battery is cut by the cutting blade, so that the battery cell of the battery passes through the lead-out hole. The positioning flange 230 includes a flange plate and a flange shaft located at the center of the flange plate, the annular pushing sheet 251 is sleeved on the flange shaft and moves horizontally along the flange shaft, and a cutting tool 330 is fixed on the flange shaft.

A conveying assembly 240 which can translate along the axial direction is arranged between the front fixing plate 210 and the positioning flange 230, and the conveying assembly 240 is a hollow structure which penetrates through along the axial direction. Specifically, the transfer assembly 240 includes a transfer bin 241 and a transfer pusher 242, the transfer bin 241 is a horizontally disposed cylinder, and the transfer pusher 242 is a disk coaxially fixed to one end of the cylinder. The top of the conveying bin 241 is provided with a battery position supplementing port communicated with the inside of the conveying assembly 240, the top opening of the battery collecting box 130 is in butt joint with the battery position supplementing port, the outer side of the conveying assembly 240 is sleeved with a conveying bin sleeve 243, and the top of the conveying bin sleeve 243 is provided with a through groove corresponding to the battery position supplementing port. A through hole is formed in the front fixing plate 210, and one end of the transfer bin 241, which is far away from the transfer pushing-out piece 242, passes through the through hole. The delivery push-out piece 242 is fixedly connected to the annular push-out piece 251, and further, the delivery push-out piece 242 is fixedly connected to the annular push-out piece 251 through a rod.

A flange pushing sheet 252 which can translate along the axial direction is arranged between the positioning flange 230 and the rear fixing plate 220, the flange pushing sheet 252 is fixedly connected with the annular pushing sheet 251, and further, the flange pushing sheet 252 is fixedly connected with the annular pushing sheet 251 through a rod. A cutting protective cover 260 is further sleeved between the conveying pushing piece 242 and the annular pushing piece 251, and through holes are formed in the top and the bottom of the cutting protective cover 260. Along the pushing direction of the lithium battery 700, the conveying pushing sheet 242, the annular pushing sheet 251 and the flange pushing sheet 252 of the conveying assembly 240 are fixedly connected in sequence through a rod to form a tower structure which can translate along the axial direction.

The separation unit 200 further comprises a power device 253, an output shaft of the power device 253 penetrates through the rear fixing plate 220 to be connected with the flange pushing sheet 252, and the power device 253 sequentially drives the flange pushing sheet 252, the annular pushing sheet 251, the conveying pushing sheet 242 and the conveying bin 241 to translate;

the automatic recovery system further comprises a collection unit 400, the collection unit 400 is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a shell collection box 410 and a cell collection box 420, the shell collection box 410 is located below the cutting tool 330, the shell collection box 410 is used for receiving and collecting the cut battery shells, the cell collection box 420 is located below the area between the positioning flange 230 and the rear fixing plate 220, and the cell collection box 420 is used for receiving and collecting the cut cells.

The transfer unit 100, the separation unit 200, the cutting unit 300, and the collection unit 400 are disposed in a hermetic enclosure (not shown in the drawings). The sealing cover is also internally provided with a tail gas treatment unit 500, and the tail gas treatment unit 500 is used for treating waste gas and dust generated in the cutting process of the lithium battery 700. The automatic recovery system is designed in a sealing mode, all mechanism parts are arranged inside the sealing cover, and the tail gas treatment unit 500 is arranged at the bottom of the automatic recovery system, so that the safety of the external working environment is ensured.

The automatic recycling system further includes an operation platform 600, the operation platform 600 is divided into three layers, the transmission unit 100 is located at the upper layer of the operation platform 600, the separation unit 200 and the cutting unit 300 are located at the middle layer of the operation platform 600, and the collection unit 400 and the tail gas treatment unit 500 are located at the lower layer of the operation platform 600.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for using the above automatic recycling system, wherein the method comprises:

the vibration disc 110 conveys the waste lithium batteries 700 into the slide way 120, and the waste lithium batteries are guided into the battery collecting box 130 through the slide way 120 to be arranged in order and fall into the battery filling port of the conveying assembly 240 one by one;

(II) the power device 253 drives the flange pushing sheet 252, the annular pushing sheet 251 and the conveying assembly 240 to move towards the cutting tool 330 in sequence, and the conveying assembly 240 stops moving after approaching the cutting tool 330;

(III) the push rod 320 extends into the conveying assembly 240 under the driving of the driving device 310 and gradually pushes the lithium battery 700 out of the battery bin 241 and to the cutting tool 330;

(iv) as the lithium battery 700 is gradually pushed toward the cutting tool 330, the lithium battery 700 gradually passes through the exit hole of the cutting tool 330, and is cut by the blade of the cutting tool 330, the metal casing of the lithium battery 700 is cut into a flower shape, when the lithium battery 700 is to be completely pushed out of the conveying bin 241, most of the core of the lithium battery 700 enters the exit hole of the cutting tool 330, at this time, the push rod 320 stops moving and abuts against the tail of the lithium battery 700, the conveying assembly 240 drives the transmission mechanism 250 to move again in the direction away from the cutting tool 330, the lithium battery 700 is wholly pushed out of the conveying assembly 240 and passes through the cutting tool 330, the casing which is cut into a flower shape is completely separated from the battery cell, the separated casing falls into the casing collection box 410, and the cell falls into the cell collection box 420;

(V) the power device 253 drives the conveying assembly 240 to reset, the lithium battery 700 is replaced, and the steps are repeated to realize continuous cutting of the shell of the lithium battery 700.

The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. The automatic recovery system of the waste lithium battery shells is characterized by comprising a transmission unit, a separation unit and a cutting unit;

the transmission unit is connected with the separation unit and is used for transmitting the lithium battery to the separation unit;

the separation unit comprises a conveying assembly and a transmission mechanism horizontally connected with the conveying assembly, the conveying assembly is used for receiving the lithium batteries conveyed by the conveying device, and the conveying assembly moves horizontally under the driving of the transmission mechanism;

2. The automatic recovery system of claim 1, wherein the separation unit comprises a front fixing plate and a rear fixing plate, a positioning flange is arranged between the front fixing plate and the rear fixing plate, and the positioning flange is fixed between the front fixing plate and the rear fixing plate through a rod;

the positioning flange is provided with an annular pushing sheet which can translate along the axial direction, a cutting tool is fixed on the positioning flange, and the cutting tool is provided with a through guide-out hole along the axial direction;

3. The automatic recovery system of claim 2, wherein a transfer assembly which can translate along the axial direction is arranged between the front fixing plate and the positioning flange, and the transfer assembly is a hollow structure which penetrates along the axial direction;

4. The automatic recovery system of claim 3, wherein a flange pushing piece which can translate along the axial direction is arranged between the positioning flange and the rear fixing plate, and the flange pushing piece is fixedly connected with the annular pushing piece through a rod piece.

5. The automatic recovery system of claim 4, wherein the conveying push-out piece, the annular push-out piece and the flange push-out piece of the conveying assembly are sequentially and fixedly connected through a rod piece along the push-out direction of the lithium battery to form a tower structure which can translate along the axial direction;

6. The automatic recovery system of claim 5, wherein a conveying bin sleeve is sleeved outside the conveying bin, and a through groove corresponding to the battery position filling port is formed in the top of the conveying bin sleeve;

7. The automatic recovery system of claim 6, wherein the transmission unit comprises a vibration tray, a slide and a battery collection box which are connected in a butt joint manner in sequence;

8. The automated recycling system according to claim 7, further comprising a collection unit;

the collecting unit comprises a shell collecting box and a battery cell collecting box, the shell collecting box is positioned below the cutting tool and used for receiving and collecting cut battery shells, the battery cell collecting box is positioned below an area between the positioning flange and the rear fixing plate and used for receiving and collecting cut battery cells;

the transmission unit, the separation unit, the cutting unit and the collection unit are arranged in the sealing cover;

the sealing cover is internally provided with a tail gas treatment unit, and the tail gas treatment unit is used for treating waste gas and dust generated in the cutting process of the lithium battery;

9. A method of using the automated recycling system of any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising:

10. The use method according to claim 9, characterized in that the use method specifically comprises the following steps: