CN113548396A - Chain conveyor, incineration facility and smelting facility - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a chain conveyor capable of detecting the difference of the elongation of a left chain and a right chain during operation. The chain conveyor is provided with: a driving part and a driven part; a pair of left and right chains which are erected between the driving part and the driven part; a plurality of scrapers which are arranged in parallel along the pair of left and right chains and are fixed between the pair of left and right chains; a pair of left and right distance sensors facing the position where the squeegee passes; and a calculation unit that calculates the distance between the adjacent scrapers at two positions on the left and right sides based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors during operation, and calculates the difference in the elongation between the pair of left and right chains based on the calculation results.

Description

Chain conveyor, incineration facility and smelting facility

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a chain conveyor, and an incineration facility and a smelting facility provided with the chain conveyor.

Background

In an incineration facility, a chain conveyor provided with a flight (also referred to as a scraper) is used to convey main ash, fly ash, slag, and the like. In a chain conveyor, the chain stretches when it becomes thinner due to wear. Derailment is easily caused when a difference in elongation occurs between the right and left chains (i.e., one-sided elongation of the chains). In order to suppress the difference in the elongation between the right and left chains as much as possible, it is desirable to make the input materials (conveyed materials) to the chain conveyor symmetrical with respect to the right and left chains. However, it is difficult to achieve a symmetrical state in practice due to restrictions on the arrangement of the front-end equipment and the rear-end equipment, variations in the characteristics of the transported object, and the like.

In order to prevent the occurrence of derailment, conventionally, when the operation is stopped, the operation of measuring the distance between the adjacent blades on the left and right chains by an operator (human) using a convex tape measure (gauge) is repeated between all the blades (the left and right distances between all the blades are measured), and then, based on the measurement results, the portions of the left and right chains to be replaced are examined, and the left and right chains are replaced at the portions. That is, the determination of the chain replacement position is based on the measurement result of the pitch of the left and right chains at the time of operation stop. The determination as to whether or not to replace the right and left chains is based on the monitoring and determination by a person, that is, whether or not derailment can be prevented by tension adjustment of the chains by the tensioner at the tail.

Therefore, during the operation, it is difficult to check whether or not the state of the chain when the chain is rapidly elongated during the operation of the chain conveyor and the adjustment result of the tension of the chain are appropriate. Further, the derailment of the chain due to the one-side elongation of the chain becomes an operation in an uneasy condition. Further, when the less-manned and unmanned operation of facilities is targeted, it is desired to reduce the monitoring load on people and to make a judgment of the replacement timing independent of the technology of people.

Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2016-20244 discloses an apparatus for detecting deformation (bending) of an apron plate caused by collision with a conveyed article (falling article) by measuring a distance to the apron plate during operation in a chain conveyor having the plate-shaped apron plate (apron pan) on which the conveyed article is placed and conveyed. However, a technique of detecting a difference between the elongations of the right and left chains during operation is not known.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of the above points. The invention aims to provide a chain conveyor capable of detecting the difference of the elongation of a left chain and a right chain during operation.

A chain conveyor according to claim 1 of the present invention includes:

a driving part and a driven part;

a pair of left and right chains that are arranged between the driving section and the driven section;

a plurality of scrapers which are arranged in parallel along the pair of left and right chains and are fixed between the pair of left and right chains;

a pair of left and right distance sensors facing a position where the squeegee passes; and

and a calculation unit that calculates a distance between adjacent blades at two positions on the left and right sides based on measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors during operation, and calculates a difference in elongation between the pair of left and right chains based on the calculation result.

According to this aspect, the calculation unit calculates the distance between the adjacent scrapers at the left and right positions based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors during operation, and calculates the difference in the elongation between the pair of left and right chains based on the calculation result. Thus, the difference in the elongation of the right and left chains can be detected during operation.

In the chain conveyor according to claim 2 of the present invention, in the chain conveyor according to claim 1, the distance sensor is an ultrasonic distance sensor or a laser distance sensor.

A chain conveyor according to claim 3 of the present invention is the chain conveyor according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an alarm unit that issues an alarm when the difference in elongation exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

A chain conveyor according to claim 4 of the present invention is the chain conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a prediction unit that predicts a replacement timing of the pair of left and right chains based on a time change in the difference in elongation.

A chain conveyor according to claim 5 of the present invention is the chain conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pair of left and right distance sensors are located at positions where the distance sensors pass toward the scraper on the driven portion side with respect to an entrance of the conveyed material.

According to this aspect, since the scraper passing in front of the pair of left and right distance sensors is located on the driven portion side with respect to the entrance of the transported material, it is difficult to directly hit the transported material, and thus the measurement error can be reduced. In addition, a blade guide is generally provided at the entrance of the transported object, and the blade moves on the blade guide immediately before passing in front of the pair of left and right distance sensors, thereby contributing to cleaning of the measurement surface of the blade. Further, since the pair of left and right distance sensors are located near the driven portion, it is possible to detect a state in which the tension of the chain obtained by the tensioner provided in the driven portion is reduced due to the progress of wear of the chain and the slack in the chain gravity direction is increased, based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors.

A chain conveyor according to claim 6 of the present invention is the chain conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a slack detection unit that detects slack of the pair of left and right chains based on measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors.

A chain conveyor according to claim 7 of the present invention is the chain conveyor according to claim 6, further comprising a 2 nd alarm unit configured to issue an alarm when the slack exceeds a 2 nd predetermined threshold value.

A chain conveyor according to an 8 th aspect of the present invention is the chain conveyor according to the 6 th or 7 th aspect, further comprising a 2 nd prediction unit that predicts an adjustment timing of tension of the pair of right and left chains based on a temporal change in the slack.

A chain conveyor according to claim 9 of the present invention is the chain conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising an elongation calculation unit that calculates a distance between adjacent scrapers at two left and right positions based on measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors during operation, and calculates an elongation of the pair of left and right chains with respect to a design value based on the calculation result.

A chain conveyor according to a 10 th aspect of the present invention is the chain conveyor according to the 9 th aspect, further comprising a 3 rd alarm unit that issues an alarm when the elongation exceeds a 3 rd predetermined threshold value.

A chain conveyor according to an 11 th aspect of the present invention is the chain conveyor according to the 9 th or 10 th aspect, further comprising a 3 rd prediction unit that predicts a time of replacement of a new product of the pair of right and left chains based on a time change in the elongation.

A chain conveyor according to a 12 th aspect of the present invention includes:

a driving part and a driven part;

a chain which is erected between the driving part and the driven part;

a plurality of scrapers arranged in parallel along the chain and fixed to the chain;

a pair of left and right distance sensors facing a position where the squeegee passes; and

and an elongation calculation unit that calculates a distance between adjacent flights at two positions on the left and right sides based on measurement results of the pair of distance sensors on the left and right sides during operation, and calculates an elongation of the chain with respect to a design value based on the calculation result.

An incineration facility according to claim 13 of the present invention includes the chain conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

A smelting facility according to claim 14 of the present invention is provided with the chain conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an incineration facility according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a chain conveyor of the incineration facility shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of an area surrounded by a broken line denoted by reference character a in the chain conveyor shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a view of the chain conveyor shown in fig. 3, viewed from above.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of measurement results of a pair of left and right distance sensors.

Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of processing for calculating a difference between the elongations of the pair of left and right chains based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors.

Fig. 7 is a table showing an example of calculation results of the difference between the extensions of the pair of left and right chains.

Fig. 8 is a diagram for explaining an example of processing for predicting replacement timing of a pair of left and right chains.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description and the drawings used in the following description, the same reference numerals are used for portions that can adopt the same configuration, and overlapping description is omitted.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an incineration facility 100 according to an embodiment.

As shown in fig. 1, an incineration facility 100 includes: a platform 21 for stopping a transport vehicle (garbage truck) 22 loaded with waste; a refuse receptacle 3 for storing the waste thrown from the platform 21; a crane 5 for stirring and transporting the waste stored in the garbage pit 3; a hopper 4 into which the waste conveyed by the crane 5 is fed; an incinerator 1 for incinerating waste fed from a hopper 4; a waste heat boiler 2 that recovers waste heat from the exhaust gas generated in the incinerator 1; and a chain conveyor 10 that conveys incineration ash (main ash and a part of fly ash) generated in the incinerator 1. The type of incinerator 1 is not limited to the grate furnace shown in fig. 1, and includes a fluidized bed furnace (also referred to as a fluidized bed furnace). In addition, the construction of the trash pit 3 is not limited to the primary pit shown in fig. 1, and includes a secondary pit.

The waste carried in a state of being loaded on the transport vehicle 22 is thrown into the refuse chute 3 from the platform 21 and stored in the refuse chute 3. The waste stored in the refuse pit 3 is stirred by a crane 5, is transported to a hopper 4 by the crane 5, is fed into the incinerator 1 via the hopper 4, and is incinerated in the incinerator 1.

Next, the structure of the chain conveyor 10 will be described with reference to fig. 2 to 4. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the chain conveyor 10. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of an area surrounded by a broken line denoted by reference character a in the chain conveyor 10 shown in fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a view of the chain conveyor 10 shown in fig. 3, viewed from above. In fig. 3 and 4, the housing 16 is not shown. In fig. 4, the chains 13a and 13b moving along the return stroke are not shown.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the chain conveyor 10 includes: a driving part 11 and a driven part 12; a pair of left and right chains 13a, 13 b; a plurality of scrapers 171 to 174; a pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14 b; and an information processing unit 15.

The pair of left and right chains 13a and 13b are connected in a circulating manner (have a ring shape as a whole). The pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b may be short-section (chain type) chains or plate roller chains.

As shown in fig. 2, the pair of right and left chains 13a, 13b are respectively stretched by applying a predetermined tension (tension) between the driving unit 11 and the driven unit 12 so that the upper portion and the lower portion extend substantially parallel to each other.

A motor, not shown, is connected to the driving unit 11. When the driving unit 11 is rotated counterclockwise (self-rotated) in fig. 2 by the power of the motor, the lower portion in fig. 2 is pulled by the driving unit 11 to move rightward and the upper portion in fig. 2 moves leftward in the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b engaged with the driving unit 11, and the chain as a whole revolves counterclockwise. The upper and lower portions of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b move in opposite directions (the chain rotates counterclockwise as a whole) as described above, and the driven portion 12 engaged with the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b rotates counterclockwise (rotates) in fig. 2.

As shown in fig. 4, the traveling-direction left side chain 13a and the traveling-direction right side chain 13b extend in parallel to each other along the traveling direction.

As shown in fig. 3, a plurality of scrapers 171 to 174 (also referred to as scarers) are arranged in parallel at substantially equal intervals along the traveling direction of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b, and fixed between the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13 b. As shown in fig. 4, the left end of each flight 171 to 174 is fixed to the left side chain 13a by a bolt, and the right end is fixed to the right side chain 13b by a bolt.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13b, the driving portion 11, and the driven portion 12 are disposed inside the housing 16. An inlet 16a for the transported material (incineration ash) is formed upward on the driven portion 12 side of the casing 16, and an outlet 16b for the transported material (incineration ash) is formed downward below the driving portion 11.

Incineration ash (main ash and a part of fly ash) generated in the incinerator 1 is thrown into the inside of the casing 16 from the inlet 16a of the transported material and falls on the bottom plate of the casing 16. Scrapers 171 to 174 fixed to lower portions of the pair of left and right counterclockwise rotating chains 13a push the burned ash accumulated on the bottom plate of the housing 16 rightward in fig. 2, convey it along the bottom plate of the housing 16 to the driving section 11 side, and drop it from the outlet 16b of the conveyed material. The conveyance object falling from the outlet 16b is carried out to, for example, a dust pit not shown. The scrapers 171 to 174 that have passed through the position facing the outlet 16b of the conveyed material pass through the upper portions of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b and return to the driven portion 12 side. In this specification, an upper portion (a portion traveling leftward in fig. 2) of the pair of left and right chains 13a is sometimes referred to as a return stroke, and a lower portion (a portion traveling rightward in fig. 2) is sometimes referred to as a stroke.

As the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b, for example, an ultrasonic distance sensor or a laser distance sensor can be used.

The pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b are disposed toward positions where the scrapers 171-174 pass. In the illustrated example, the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b are disposed downward above the return stroke of the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13b, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be disposed downward between the forward stroke and the return stroke of the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13 b. In the illustrated example, the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b are disposed outside the housing 16, and can measure the distance D (see fig. 3) from the window formed in the housing 16 to the blades 171 to 174 or the bottom plate of the housing 16.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14 b. The squeegee that moves in the forward stroke passes through a position closer to the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b than the bottom plate of the housing 16, and the squeegee that moves in the backward stroke passes through a position closer to the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b than the squeegee that moves in the forward stroke. Therefore, in the example of fig. 5, when the 1 st squeegee 171 and the 2 nd squeegee 172 pass along the course from below the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b, the 1 st value smaller than the distance to the bottom plate of the housing 16 is measured; when the 3 rd squeegee 173 and the 4 th squeegee 174 pass under the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b along the return stroke, the 2 nd value smaller than the 1 st value is measured.

In the example of fig. 2, the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b are located at positions that are closer to the front side (i.e., the driven portion 12 side) in the traveling direction of the course than the entrance 16a of the conveyed material, and that pass through the scrapers 171 to 174. Thus, by positioning the scrapers 171 to 174 passing in front of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b on the driven part 12 side with respect to the inlet 16a of the transported object, the transported object (incineration ash) thrown in from the inlet 16a is less likely to directly hit, and therefore, the measurement error can be reduced. As shown in fig. 2, the entrance 16 of the transported object is usually provided with a blade guide 16c, and the blades 171 to 174 can help to clean the measurement surfaces of the blades 171 to 174 by passing through the position of the blade guide 16c immediately before passing in front of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14 b. Further, since the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b are located near the driven portion 12, it is possible to detect a state in which the chain tension obtained by the tensioner (not shown) set in the driven portion 12 decreases due to the progress of wear of the chains 13a and 13b and the slack of the chains 13a and 13b in the gravity direction increases as indicated by the broken line in fig. 2, based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14 b.

The information processing unit 15 is configured by one or more computers, and acquires measurement results from the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14 b. The information processing unit 15 includes an arithmetic unit 15a, a prediction unit 15b, an alarm unit 15c, a sag detection unit 15d, a 2 nd alarm unit 15e, a 2 nd prediction unit 15f, an elongation arithmetic unit 15g, a 3 rd alarm unit 15h, and a 3 rd prediction unit 15 i.

The calculation unit 15a calculates the distance between the adjacent scrapers 171 to 174 at two positions on the left and right sides based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b during the operation of the chain conveyor 10, and calculates the difference in the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b based on the calculation results.

The processing of the arithmetic unit 15a will be described in detail. Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of processing for calculating the difference in the elongation between the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14 b.

Referring to fig. 5, the calculation unit 15a first calculates time differences Δ Ta and Δ Tb between the time when the 1 st blade 171 passes (the time when the 1 st value is detected) and the time when the 2 nd blade 172 passes (the time when the 1 st value is detected next) based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14 b. Next, the calculation unit 15a calculates products Pa and Pb of the time differences Δ Ta and Δ Tb and the conveying speeds (moving speeds) of the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13b, and calculates a pitch difference between the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13b (a pitch difference between the 1 st blade 171 and the 2 nd blade 172) from an equation of (Pa-Pb) × W0/W using a distance W in the left-right direction between the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b and a distance W0 in the left-right direction between the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13 b. The calculation unit 15a may calculate the conveying speed (moving speed) of the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13b from the rotational speed of the motor of the drive unit 11.

Referring to fig. 7, the calculation unit 15a calculates the difference in the pitch between the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b (the difference in the distance between the adjacent two scrapers) for all the scrapers 171 to 174 fixed between the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b, and integrates them over the entire chain to calculate the difference in the elongation of the pair of left and right chains (total: 45mm in fig. 7).

The alarm unit 15b compares the difference in elongation (total: 45mm in fig. 7) between the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b calculated by the calculation unit 15a with a predetermined threshold value, and issues an alarm when the difference in elongation exceeds the threshold value.

The prediction unit 15b predicts the replacement timing of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b based on the time change in the difference in the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b calculated by the calculation unit 15 a.

The process of the prediction unit 15b will be described in detail. Fig. 8 is a diagram for explaining an example of processing for predicting replacement timing of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13 b.

In the example of fig. 8, the prediction unit 15b plots a time change in the difference in the elongation between the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b on a graph, and predicts a time at which an approximate straight line intersects a straight line indicating a predetermined threshold value as a replacement timing of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13 b.

The slack detection unit 15d detects the slack of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14 b.

The processing of the sag detecting unit 15d will be described in detail. As shown by the broken lines in fig. 2, the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b are located near the driven portion 12 at positions where the chain tension obtained by a tensioner (not shown) provided in the driven portion 12 is reduced by the progress of wear of the chains 13a and 13b, and the slack of the chains 13a and 13b in the direction of gravity increases. As the slack of the chains 13a and 13b increases, the height position of the blade moving in the return stroke from below the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b decreases, that is, the distance between the pair of left and right distance sensors and the blade passing in the return stroke from below decreases. Therefore, referring to fig. 5, the measurement value d when the scrapers 173 and 174 pass below the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b increases in proportion to the increase in slack of the chains 13a and 13 b. The slack detection unit 15d detects the slack of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b based on the amount of change from the initial value after the tension adjustment of the measurement value d of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b measured when the blade passes through the lower side of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b along the return stroke.

The 2 nd alarm unit 15e compares the slack of the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13b detected by the slack detection unit 15d with a 2 nd threshold value determined in advance, and issues an alarm when the slack exceeds the 2 nd threshold value.

The 2 nd prediction unit 15f predicts the timing of tension (tension) adjustment of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b based on the temporal change in the sag of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b detected by the sag detection unit 15 d. For example, the 2 nd prediction unit 15f plots the temporal change in the sag of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b on a graph, and predicts the time at which the approximate straight line intersects the straight line indicating the predetermined threshold value as the adjustment timing of the tension of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13 b. Tension (tension) of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b can be adjusted using, for example, a tensioner (not shown) provided in the driven portion 12.

The elongation calculation unit 15g calculates the distance between the adjacent scrapers 171 to 174 at two positions on the left and right sides based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b during the operation of the chain conveyor 10, and calculates the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b with respect to the design value based on the calculation results.

The 3 rd alarm section 15h compares the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b calculated by the elongation calculation section 15g with a 3 rd predetermined threshold value, and issues an alarm when the elongation exceeds the 3 rd threshold value.

The 3 rd prediction unit 15i predicts the timing at which the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b should be replaced with a new one based on the temporal change in the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b calculated by the elongation calculation unit 15 g. For example, the 3 rd prediction unit 15i plots the time change in the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b on the graph, and predicts the time at which the approximate straight line intersects the straight line indicating the predetermined threshold value as the time of replacement of the new product of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13 b.

Next, the operation of the chain conveyor 10 configured in this manner will be described.

First, referring to fig. 2, the drive unit 11 is rotated counterclockwise (rotated on its own) by the power of a motor (not shown), whereby the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13b, which are disposed between the drive unit 11 and the driven unit 12, are rotated counterclockwise as a whole.

Next, when the incineration ash (main ash and a part of fly ash) generated in the incinerator 1 is thrown into the housing 16 from the inlet 16a of the transported material and falls on the bottom plate of the housing 16, the scrapers 171 to 174 fixed to the lower portions (courses) of the pair of left and right counterclockwise rotating chains 13a push the incineration ash accumulated on the bottom plate of the housing 16 to the right in fig. 2, transport it to the driving section 11 side along the bottom plate of the housing 16, and fall from the outlet 16b of the transported material. The conveyance object falling from the outlet 16b is carried out to, for example, a dust pit not shown. The scrapers 171 to 174 that have passed through the position facing the outlet 16b of the conveyed material pass through the upper portions (return paths) of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b and return to the driven portion 12 side.

During operation of the chain conveyor 10, the blade moving in the course passes through a position closer to the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b than the bottom plate of the casing 16, and the blade moving in the return stroke passes through a position closer to the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b than the blade moving in the course. Therefore, as shown in fig. 5, in the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b, when the 1 st blade 171 and the 2 nd blade 172 pass along the course, the 1 st value smaller than the distance to the bottom plate of the housing 16 is measured; when the 3 rd squeegee 173 and the 4 th squeegee 174 pass under the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b along the return stroke, the 2 nd value smaller than the 1 st value is measured.

The calculation unit 15a calculates the distance between the adjacent scrapers 171 to 174 at two positions on the left and right sides based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b during the operation of the chain conveyor 10, and calculates the difference in the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b based on the calculation results.

Specifically, for example, referring to fig. 5, the calculation unit 15a calculates time differences Δ Ta and Δ Tb between the time when the 1 st blade 171 passes (the time when the 1 st value is detected) and the time when the 2 nd blade 172 passes (the time when the 1 st value is detected next) based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14 b. Next, the calculation unit 15a calculates products Pa and Pb of the time differences Δ Ta and Δ Tb and the conveying speeds (moving speeds) of the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13b, and calculates a pitch difference between the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13b (a pitch difference between the 1 st blade 171 and the 2 nd blade 172) from an equation of (Pa-Pb) × W0/W using a distance W in the left-right direction between the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b and a distance W0 in the left-right direction between the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13 b.

Referring to fig. 7, the calculation unit 15a calculates the difference in the pitch between the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b (the difference in the distance between the adjacent two scrapers) for all the scrapers 171 to 174 fixed between the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b, and integrates them over the entire chain to calculate the difference in the elongation of the pair of left and right chains (total: 45mm in fig. 7).

The alarm unit 15b compares the difference in elongation (total: 45mm in fig. 7) between the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b calculated by the calculation unit 15a with a predetermined threshold value, and issues an alarm when the difference in elongation exceeds the threshold value.

The prediction unit 15b predicts the replacement timing of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b based on the time change in the difference in the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b calculated by the calculation unit 15 a. Specifically, for example, referring to fig. 8, the prediction unit 15b plots a time change in the difference in the elongation between the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b on a graph, and predicts a time at which an approximate straight line intersects a straight line indicating a predetermined threshold value as a replacement timing of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13 b.

The slack detection unit 15d detects the slack of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14 b. Specifically, for example, referring to fig. 5, the slack detection unit 15d detects the slack of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b based on the amount of change from the initial value after the tension adjustment of the measurement value d of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b measured when the blade passes through the lower side of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b in the return stroke.

The 2 nd alarm unit 15e compares the slack of the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13b detected by the slack detection unit 15d with a 2 nd threshold value determined in advance, and issues an alarm when the slack exceeds the 2 nd threshold value.

The 2 nd prediction unit 15f predicts the timing of tension (tension) adjustment of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b based on the temporal change in the sag of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b detected by the sag detection unit 15 d. For example, the 2 nd prediction unit 15f plots the temporal change in the sag of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b on a graph, and predicts the time at which the approximate straight line intersects the straight line indicating the predetermined threshold value as the adjustment timing of the tension of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13 b.

The elongation calculation unit 15g calculates the distance between the adjacent scrapers 171 to 174 at two positions on the left and right sides based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b during the operation of the chain conveyor 10, and calculates the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b with respect to the design value based on the calculation results.

The 3 rd alarm section 15h compares the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b calculated by the elongation calculation section 15g with a 3 rd predetermined threshold value, and issues an alarm when the elongation exceeds the 3 rd threshold value.

The 3 rd prediction unit 15i predicts the timing at which the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b should be replaced with a new one based on the temporal change in the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b calculated by the elongation calculation unit 15 g. For example, the 3 rd prediction unit 15i plots the time change in the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b on the graph, and predicts the time at which the approximate straight line intersects the straight line indicating the predetermined threshold value as the time of replacement of the new product of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13 b.

According to the present embodiment described above, the calculation unit 15a calculates the distance between the adjacent scrapers 171 to 174 at two positions on the left and right sides based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b during operation at the positions where the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b pass through the scrapers 171 to 174, and calculates the difference in the elongation between the pair of left and right chains 13a and 13b based on the calculation result. This makes it possible to detect the difference in the elongation of the left and right chains 13a, 13b during operation. Since the difference in the elongation of the left and right chains 13a, 13b can be measured during the operation, only the replacement operation of the chains is required after the operation is stopped (it is not necessary to measure the difference in the elongation of the chains again), and the operation time is significantly shortened. Further, even when the chain is rapidly extended during operation, one-side extension of the chain can be detected, and therefore, occurrence of derailment of the chain can be suppressed.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b are located at positions on the driven portion 12 side where the scrapers 171 to 174 pass through compared to the inlet 16a of the transported material, and the scrapers 171 to 174 passing in front of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b are less likely to directly hit the transported material (incineration ash) thrown in from the inlet 16a, so that the measurement error can be reduced. Further, a blade guide 16c (see fig. 2) is usually provided at the entrance 16 of the conveyed material, and the blades 171 to 174 can contribute to cleaning the measurement surfaces of the blades 171 to 174 by passing through the position of the blade guide 16c immediately before passing in front of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14 b. Further, since the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b are located near the driven portion 12, it is possible to detect a state in which the slack in the gravitational direction of the chains 13a and 13b (see the broken line in fig. 2) is increased due to the decrease in the chain tension obtained by the tensioner (not shown) set in the driven portion 12 as the wear of the chains 13a and 13b progresses, based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a and 14 b.

In the above embodiment, the chain conveyor 10 is configured to convey the main ash and the fly ash in the incineration apparatus 100, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the chain conveyor 10 may be configured to convey slag in the smelting apparatus. The same effects as those of the above embodiment can be obtained in this way.

In the above embodiment, the configuration is such that: the chain conveyor 10 is a double chain conveyor including a pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b, and the elongation calculation unit 15g calculates the distance between the adjacent scrapers 171 to 174 at two left and right positions based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors 14a, 14b during the operation of the chain conveyor 10, and calculates the elongation of the pair of left and right chains 13a, 13b with respect to the design value based on the calculation result. For example, the following may be configured: the chain conveyor is a single chain conveyor including a single chain that is laid between a driving portion and a driven portion, a plurality of scrapers that are arranged in parallel along the chain and fixed to the chain, and a pair of left and right distance sensors that face positions where the scrapers pass, and an elongation calculation portion calculates distances between adjacent scrapers at left and right positions based on measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors during operation of the chain conveyor, and calculates an elongation of the chain with respect to a design value based on the calculation results.

Specifically, for example, in a single-chain conveyor, the elongation calculation unit calculates the distance between adjacent flights on the chain by calculating the distance between adjacent flights at two positions on the left and right based on the measurement results of a pair of left and right distance sensors and obtaining the average (median) of the distances. Then, the elongation calculation unit calculates the distance between two adjacent flights on the chain for all flights fixed to the chain, and adds up the distances over the entire chain to obtain the length of the entire chain. Then, the elongation calculation unit compares the length of the entire chain with the design value thereof to calculate the elongation of the chain with respect to the design value.

In the single-chain conveyor, the slack detection unit may detect the slack of the chain based on the measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors. Specifically, for example, the slack detection unit calculates, on the left and right sides, the amount of change from the initial value after tension adjustment of the measurement values of the pair of left and right distance sensors measured when the blade passes through the lower side of the pair of left and right distance sensors in the return stroke, and detects the slack of the chain based on the average value (median value) of the amounts.

In the single-chain conveyor, the 2 nd alarm unit may compare the slack of the chain detected by the slack detection unit with a 2 nd threshold value determined in advance, and issue an alarm when the slack exceeds the 2 nd threshold value.

In the single-chain conveyor, the 2 nd prediction unit may predict the timing of tension (tension) adjustment of the chain based on the temporal change in the slack of the chain detected by the slack detection unit. For example, the 2 nd prediction unit plots a time change in the slack of the chain on a graph, and predicts a time at which an approximate straight line of the time change intersects a straight line indicating a predetermined threshold value as an adjustment timing of the tension of the chain.

The embodiments and modifications of the present invention have been described above by way of examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be modified and modified according to the purpose within the scope described in the claims. The embodiments and the modifications can be appropriately combined within a range in which the processing contents are not contradictory.

Claims (14)

1. A chain conveyor is characterized by comprising:

a driving part and a driven part;

a pair of left and right chains that are arranged between the driving section and the driven section;

a plurality of scrapers which are arranged in parallel along the pair of left and right chains and are fixed between the pair of left and right chains;

a pair of left and right distance sensors facing a position where the squeegee passes; and

and a calculation unit that calculates a distance between adjacent blades at two positions on the left and right sides based on measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors during operation, and calculates a difference in elongation between the pair of left and right chains based on the calculation result.

2. Chain conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance sensor is an ultrasonic distance sensor or a laser distance sensor.

3. The chain conveyor according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an alarm portion that issues an alarm when the difference in elongation exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

4. The chain conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a prediction unit that predicts a replacement timing of the pair of left and right chains based on a time change in the difference in elongation.

5. Chain conveyor according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance sensors of a left-right pair are located at the side of the driven part towards the position where the scraper passes compared to the inlet of the conveyed material.

6. The chain conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a slack detection unit that detects slack of the pair of left and right chains based on measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors.

7. The chain conveyor according to claim 6, further comprising a 2 nd alarm unit that issues an alarm when the sag exceeds a 2 nd predetermined threshold value.

8. The chain conveyor according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising a 2 nd prediction unit that predicts an adjustment timing of tension of the pair of left and right chains based on a temporal change in the slack.

9. The chain conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising an elongation calculation unit that calculates a distance between adjacent flights at two positions on the left and right sides based on measurement results of the pair of left and right distance sensors during operation, and calculates an elongation of the pair of left and right chains with respect to a design value based on the calculation result.

10. The chain conveyor according to claim 9, further comprising a 3 rd alarm unit that issues an alarm when the elongation exceeds a 3 rd predetermined threshold value.

11. The chain conveyor according to claim 9 or 10, further comprising a 3 rd predicting section that predicts a time of replacement of a new product of the pair of right and left chains based on a time change of the elongation.

12. A chain conveyor is characterized by comprising:

a driving part and a driven part;

a chain which is erected between the driving part and the driven part;

a plurality of scrapers arranged in parallel along the chain and fixed to the chain;

a pair of left and right distance sensors facing a position where the squeegee passes; and

and an elongation calculation unit that calculates a distance between adjacent flights at two positions on the left and right sides based on measurement results of the pair of distance sensors on the left and right sides during operation, and calculates an elongation of the chain with respect to a design value based on the calculation result.

13. An incineration facility, characterized by being provided with the chain conveyor of any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A smelting plant, characterized by being provided with the chain conveyor of any one of claims 1 to 12.

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