CN113545200B - Large-scale factorization rice seeding system of growing seedlings - Google Patents

Large-scale factorization rice seeding system of growing seedlings Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113545200B
CN113545200B CN202110671319.7A CN202110671319A CN113545200B CN 113545200 B CN113545200 B CN 113545200B CN 202110671319 A CN202110671319 A CN 202110671319A CN 113545200 B CN113545200 B CN 113545200B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
seeding
frame
seedling raising
assembly
earthing
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CN202110671319.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113545200A (en
Inventor
李小明
吴明亮
李小杰
陈熵
黄成生
汤栋
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Changning Yunmao Agricultural Industry Development Co ltd
Hunan Agricultural University
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Changning Yunmao Agricultural Industry Development Co ltd
Hunan Agricultural University
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Priority to CN202110671319.7A priority Critical patent/CN113545200B/en
Publication of CN113545200A publication Critical patent/CN113545200A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/20Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-scale factory rice seeding and seedling raising system which comprises an electric control device, a walking device and a seeding device, wherein the walking device and the seeding device are connected with the electric control device, the walking device comprises a frame, left and right rails and front and rear rails arranged on two sides of a seedling raising field, two ends of the frame are arranged on the front and rear rails in a mode of being capable of moving back and forth, the left and right rails are arranged on the frame, and the seeding device is arranged on the left and right rails in a mode of being capable of moving left and right. The invention adopts the rail walking type seeding and seedling raising system capable of realizing large span, can realize the continuous large-scale seedling raising work of a seedling raising field factory, and is automatic and efficient in seedling raising process; meanwhile, the seedling raising system adopts a rack to transversely support, the performance is stable and reliable, and the operation quality is high; on one hand, the efficiency of seedling raising work is obviously improved, and the quality of seedling raising is ensured; on the other hand, the labor intensity in the artificial seedling raising process is reduced, the manpower input is reduced, the cost of seedling raising operation is obviously reduced, and the popularization and application of large-scale crop planting are facilitated.

Description

Large-scale factorization rice seeding system of growing seedlings
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a large-scale industrialized rice seeding and seedling raising system.
Background
Rice is the major food crop in nearly 50% of the world population, 90% of whichRice is produced in Asia and 2017, and the planting area of the rice in China is 0.302 hundred million hm 2 Accounting for about 30 percent of the total grain planting area of the whole country, is the country with the largest rice planting area in the whole world. Along with the continuous adjustment of rural industrial structures, the requirements of farmers on the mechanization of rice planting are also more and more urgent, and the areas of mechanized transplanting and seedling throwing are also rapidly increased. At present, the industrialized rice seedling raising mode has the characteristics of saving seeds, saving land, water and labor, short seedling raising period, regular seedling growth, no rotting of seedlings, no fear of rapid change of air temperature, ensured seedling quality, easy realization of mechanization and the like, and provides technical support for stable and high yield of rice, thereby becoming a trend of application and popularization.
However, most field seedling raising equipment belongs to miniaturized operation, has a simple structure and single function, and cannot adapt to large-scale industrialized seedling raising operation; meanwhile, the artificial participation degree in the seedling raising process is high, so that the seedling raising quality is unstable, the seedling raising efficiency is low, the labor cost is high, and the large-scale popularization and application are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects existing in the prior art and providing a large-scale industrialized rice seeding and seedling raising system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a large-scale industrialized rice seeding and seedling raising system, which comprises an electric control device, a traveling device and a seeding device, wherein the traveling device is connected with the electric control device and comprises a frame, left and right rails and front and rear rails arranged on two sides of a seedling raising field, two ends of the frame are arranged on the front and rear rails in a mode of being capable of moving back and forth, the left and right rails are arranged on the frame, and the seeding device is arranged on the left and right rails in a mode of being capable of moving left and right.
Further, the frame includes the fixed frame of controlling, the walking frame of front and back and the walking frame of controlling of two opposite settings, the walking frame is installed around on the track, arbitrary the both ends and the both sides of fixed frame of controlling the walking frame rigid coupling around, the walking frame of controlling is installed on the track about, the track is installed about in the walking frame, seeder's both ends and the walking frame rigid coupling about.
Further, the seeding device comprises a storage hopper, a seeding assembly and a soil covering assembly, wherein a discharge hole of the seeding assembly and a discharge hole of the soil covering assembly are positioned above a seedling raising field, the storage hopper comprises a seed seeding storage hopper and a soil covering storage hopper, the seed seeding storage hopper is connected with a feed inlet of the seeding assembly, the soil covering storage hopper is connected with the soil covering assembly, and two ends of the storage hopper are arranged on the left walking frame and the right walking frame.
Further, the earthing assembly comprises an earthing assembly arranged on two sides of the seeding assembly and used for earthing before seeding and an earthing assembly used for earthing after seeding, and the earthing storage hopper comprises an earthing storage hopper connected with the earthing assembly and an earthing storage hopper connected with the earthing assembly.
Further, a non-woven fabric laying assembly for laying non-woven fabrics on seedling raising fields before sowing is further arranged below the sowing device, and the non-woven fabric laying assembly comprises a roller wound with the non-woven fabrics.
Further, still install sprinkler in the frame, sprinkler includes water pump, water tank and water pipe, the one end of water pump with the water tank is connected, the other end with water piping connection, install a plurality of shower nozzles on the water pipe.
Further, at least one side of the frame is fixedly connected with a bedplate, the water tank and the electric control device are arranged on the bedplate, and the water pump is arranged on the electric control device.
Further, the seeding assembly comprises a seeding discharge hopper, a seeding motor and a seeding roller, wherein the input end of the seeding discharge hopper is connected with the seeding storage hopper, the output end of the seeding assembly is provided with the seeding roller, and the seeding roller is in transmission connection with the seeding motor arranged on the seeding discharge hopper.
Further, brushes for cleaning the sowing rollers are arranged on two sides of the output end of the sowing outlet hopper.
Further, the earthing subassembly includes earthing play hopper, earthing motor and conveyer belt, the input of earthing play hopper with earthing storage hopper is connected, and the output is provided with the conveyer belt, the conveyer belt is in through installing earthing goes out on the hopper earthing motor drive.
Further, an anti-caking roller is arranged above the conveying belt in the earthing discharging hopper, and a stirring rod is arranged on the anti-caking roller.
Further, still include signal acquisition device, signal acquisition device includes H type wheel, encoder, connecting plate and extension spring, the one end of connecting plate with walking frame pin joint around with the H type wheel pin joint, the other end with walking frame is connected around the extension spring one end with the connecting plate is connected so that H type wheel with track close fit around, the one end of encoder with H type wheel coaxial coupling, the other end with electric control device connects.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention adopts the rail walking type seeding and seedling raising system capable of realizing large span, can realize the continuous large-scale seedling raising work of a seedling raising field factory, and is automatic and efficient in seedling raising process; meanwhile, the seedling raising system adopts a rack to transversely support, the performance is stable and reliable, and the operation quality is high; on one hand, the seeding and seedling raising system remarkably improves the efficiency of seedling raising work and ensures the quality of seedling raising; on the other hand, the labor intensity in the artificial seedling raising process is reduced, the manpower input is reduced, the cost of seedling raising operation is obviously reduced, and the popularization and application of large-scale crop planting are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric schematic drawing (rotated 90 degrees) of a large-scale industrial rice seeding and seedling system disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view (rotated 90 degrees) of a large-scale industrialized rice sowing and seedling raising system according to the preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic left-hand view of a large-scale industrialized rice seeding and seedling system disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic axial view of the seeding hopper and the earthing discharge hopper after being integrally assembled, which is disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the seeding hopper and the earthing discharge hopper integrally assembled in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a signal acquisition device disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of a soil covering assembly disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the seeding assembly disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Legend description:
1. an electric control device;
2. a walking device; 21. a frame; 210. a left and right fixed frame; 211. a front and rear walking frame; 212. a left-right walking frame; 213. left and right travelling wheels; 214. a left-right driving motor; 215. front and rear travelling wheels; 216. a front-rear driving motor; 217. a platen; 22. front and rear rails; 23. left and right rails;
3. a sowing device; 31. a storage hopper; 310. sowing and storing hoppers; 311. a soil-covering storage hopper; 3110. a subsoil storage hopper; 3111. a surface soil storage hopper; 32. a seeding assembly; 320. sowing and discharging the seeds from the hopper; 321. sowing a motor; 322. a sowing roller; 323. a brush; 33. a soil covering assembly; 330. a subsoil assembly; 331. a overburden soil assembly; 332. earthing and discharging a hopper; 333. a soil covering motor; 334. a conveyor belt; 335. an anti-caking roller; 3351. a stirring rod; 34. a non-woven fabric laying assembly; 340. a roller; 341. a drum motor; 35. a sprinkler; 350. a water pump; 351. a water tank; 352. a water pipe; 353. a spray head;
4. a signal acquisition device; 41. an H-shaped wheel; 42. an encoder; 43. a connecting plate; 44. a tension spring;
5. seedling raising field.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown, for the purpose of illustrating the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown.
As shown in fig. 1-8, the embodiment of the invention discloses a large-scale industrialized rice seeding and seedling raising system, which comprises an electric control device 1, a traveling device 2 and a seeding device 3, wherein the traveling device 2 and the seeding device 3 are connected with the electric control device 1, the main body structure of the electric control device 1 is an electric control cabinet internally provided with various electric control components, the traveling device 2 comprises a rack 21, a front rail 22 and a rear rail 22 and a left rail 23, the front rail and the rear rail 22 are arranged on two sides of a seedling raising field 5, two ends of the rack 21 are arranged on the front rail 22 and the rear rail 22 in a manner of being capable of moving forwards and backwards, the left rail 23 and the right rail 23 are arranged on two sides of the rack 21, and two ends of the seeding device 3 are arranged on the left rail 23 and the right rail 23 in a manner of being capable of moving leftwards and rightwards. Thereby the seeding device 3 can realize the large-span track walking type seeding operation, and the seeding area range is enlarged. Further, the seeding device 3 can move back and forth and left and right relative to the seedling raising field 5, so that seeding and seedling raising operation of the whole seedling raising field 5 is realized, the seedling raising process is automatic and efficient, the cost of seedling raising operation is obviously reduced, and the popularization and application of large-scale crop planting are facilitated.
In this embodiment, the frame 21 includes a left and right fixed frame 210, a front and rear walking frame 211 and a left and right walking frame 212 which are disposed in pairs, the front and rear walking frame 211 is mounted on the front and rear rail 22, both ends of any one of the left and right fixed frames 210 are fixedly connected with the front and rear walking frames 211 on both sides, so as to form a cross-type layout similar to a travelling crane, the left and right walking frames 212 are mounted on the left and right rail 23, the left and right rail 23 is mounted on the left and right walking frame 212, both ends of the sowing device 3 are fixedly connected with the left and right walking frames 212, in order to realize the travelling of the front and rear walking frames 211 and the left and right walking frames 212, a left and right travelling wheel 213 and a left and right driving motor 214 for driving the left and right travelling wheels 213 to travel on the left and right rail 23 are mounted on the lower side of the front and rear walking frame 211, a front and rear travelling wheel 215 and a front and rear driving motor 216 for driving the front and rear travelling wheels 215 to travel on the front and rear rail 22, and the left and right travelling wheels 213 are all H-shaped. Therefore, the layout mode of the travelling crane provides stable support for the seeding device 3, and the frame 21 can realize larger span due to the layout of the travelling crane, thereby being convenient for realizing a large-scale industrialized seeding and seedling mode.
In this embodiment, the seeding device 3 includes a storage hopper 31, a seeding component 32 and a soil covering component 33, the seeding component 32 and the discharge hole of the soil covering component 33 are located above the seedling raising field 5, the storage hopper 31 includes a seed seeding storage hopper 310 and a soil covering storage hopper 311, the seeding storage hopper 310 is connected with the feed inlet of the seeding component 32, the soil covering storage hopper 311 is connected with the soil covering component 33, two ends of the storage hopper 31 are mounted on a left walking frame 212 and a right walking frame 212, the upper end of the storage hopper 31 is provided with the feed inlet, the storage hopper 31 is used for the staff to pour more seeds and soil from outside at one time, the pouring is convenient for once, and the operation of seeding is repeated. The storage hopper 31 is correspondingly fed from an opening below to the sowing assembly 32 and the earthing assembly 33, and then sows through the sowing assembly 32, and the seeds are earthed through the earthing assembly 33. Specifically, the soil covering assembly 33 includes a soil covering assembly 330 disposed on two sides of the seeding assembly 32 for covering soil before seeding and a soil covering assembly 331 for covering soil after seeding, the soil covering storage hopper 311 includes a soil covering storage hopper 3110 connected with the soil covering assembly 330 and a soil covering storage hopper 3111 connected with the soil covering assembly 331, seeds and soil are fallen down by gravity, and then covered by the soil covering and soil covering, thereby realizing covering of the seeds by covering soil, and facilitating nutrient growth of the seeds.
In this embodiment, in order to be convenient for transplant after growing seedlings, prevent that root system such as seedling from being too dark hardly pulls out, the non-woven fabrics of being used for laying the non-woven fabrics to seedling field 5 before sowing is still installed to seeder 3's below, non-woven fabrics is laid subassembly 34 and is included the cylinder 340 that can roll to lay the non-woven fabrics and wind the non-woven fabrics, cylinder 340 can be through the rotatory release just cloth of cylinder motor 341 drive, the non-woven fabrics on the one hand guarantees that the seedling can absorb moisture and the nutrient in the earth of non-woven fabrics below, on the other hand has played certain root system isolation effect, be convenient for pull out and transplant, wherein, the location accessible manual execution is cut out in the beginning of non-woven fabrics and final, the middle laying process of crossing seedling field 5 is laid through cylinder motor 341 is automatic.
In this embodiment, in order to further improve the degree of automation of seeding and seedling raising, still install sprinkler 35 on frame 21, sprinkler 35 includes water pump 350, water tank 351 and water pipe 352, and the one end and the water tank 351 of water pump 350 are connected, and the other end is connected with water pipe 352, installs the equipartition on the water pipe 352 and has shower nozzle 353 to sprinkler after the seed earthing, realize the integration operation of seeding and sprinkling, improved the work efficiency of growing seedlings. Meanwhile, at least one side of the frame 21 is fixedly connected with a bedplate 217, a water tank 351 and the electric control device 1 are arranged on the bedplate 217, and on one hand, the electric control device 1 is convenient to overhaul by a worker and water is added to the water tank 351 through the arrangement of the bedplate 217; on the other hand, timely feeding into the storage hopper 31 is facilitated, and a worker stands on the platen 217 to control and monitor the entire sowing process. The water pump 350 is integrally mounted on the electric control device 1, so that the integration of an electric control structure is realized, and unified management is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the seeding assembly 32 includes a seeding outlet hopper 320, a seeding motor 321, and a seeding roller 322, the input end of the seeding outlet hopper 320 is connected with the seeding storage hopper 310, the output end is provided with the seeding roller 322, and the seeding roller 322 is in driving connection with the seeding motor 321 mounted on the seeding outlet hopper 320. Wherein, be provided with the groove on the outer wall of seeding roller 322 to insert the seed in seeding hopper 320, rotate to the seed whereabouts after the seedling raising field 5, both sides of the output of seeding hopper 320 are provided with the brush 323 that is used for clearing up seeding roller 322, thereby in time clear up the seed that bonds on the seeding roller 322.
Referring to fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the earthing assembly 33 includes an earthing discharge hopper 332, an earthing motor 333 and a conveyor belt 334, the input end of the earthing discharge hopper 332 is connected with an earthing storage hopper 311, the output end is provided with a conveyor belt 334, the conveyor belt 334 is driven by the earthing motor 333 mounted on the earthing discharge hopper 332, when earthing falls onto the conveyor belt 334 from the earthing discharge hopper 332, it is carried out by the conveyor belt 334, and then falls into the seedling field 5 from the output end of the conveyor belt 334, thereby realizing earthing operation. An anti-caking roller 335 is arranged above the conveyor belt 334 in the earthing discharge hopper 332, and a stirring rod 3351 is arranged on the anti-caking roller 335, so as to prevent the earthing from arching or caking.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, in order to detect the movement of the front and rear traveling frames 211 on the front and rear rails 22, the problems of easy slip of the driving wheels due to traveling on the flat rails, unstable seeding, and easy slurrying of the subsoil are prevented. The seeding device further comprises a signal acquisition device 4, the signal acquisition device 4 plays a role in motion feedback closed-loop control, precision control of the seeding process is achieved, the signal acquisition device 4 comprises an H-shaped wheel 41, an encoder 42, a connecting plate 43 and a tension spring 44, one end of the connecting plate 43 is pivoted with the front and rear travelling frame 211, the other end of the connecting plate 43 is pivoted with the H-shaped wheel 41, the encoder 42 is connected with the electric control device 1, the tension spring 44 is kept in a stretched state, one end of the tension spring 44 is connected with the front and rear travelling frame 211, the other end of the tension spring 44 is connected with the connecting plate 43 so that the H-shaped wheel 41 is tightly matched with the front and rear rails 22, slipping of the H-shaped wheel 41 is prevented, one end of the encoder 42 is coaxially connected with the H-shaped wheel 41, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with the electric control device 1.
While the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Many possible variations and modifications of the disclosed technology can be made by anyone skilled in the art, or equivalent embodiments with equivalent variations can be made, without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. The large-scale factory rice seeding and seedling raising system is characterized by comprising an electric control device (1), a traveling device (2) and a seeding device (3), wherein the traveling device (2) is connected with the electric control device (1), the traveling device (2) comprises a frame (21), left and right rails (23) and front and rear rails (22) arranged on two sides of a seedling raising field (5), two ends of the frame (21) are arranged on the front and rear rails (22) in a mode of being capable of moving forwards and backwards, the left and right rails (23) are arranged on the frame (21), and the seeding device (3) is arranged on the left and right rails (23) in a mode of being capable of moving leftwards and rightwards; the sowing device is characterized in that the frame (21) comprises a left fixed frame (210), a right fixed frame (211) and a left walking frame (212), wherein the left fixed frame and the right fixed frame are arranged in a pairwise manner, the front walking frame and the rear walking frame (211) are arranged on a front rail (22), two ends of any left fixed frame and any right fixed frame (210) are fixedly connected with the front walking frame and the rear walking frame (211) on two sides, the left walking frame and the right walking frame (212) are arranged on a left rail (23), the left rail and the right rail (23) are arranged on the left walking frame and the right walking frame (212), and two ends of the sowing device (3) are fixedly connected with the left walking frame and the right walking frame (212); the seeding device (3) comprises a storage hopper (31), a seeding assembly (32) and a soil covering assembly (33), wherein discharge holes of the seeding assembly (32) and the soil covering assembly (33) are positioned above a seedling raising field (5), the storage hopper (31) comprises a seed seeding storage hopper (310) and a soil covering storage hopper (311), the seed seeding storage hopper (310) is connected with a feed inlet of the seeding assembly (32), the soil covering storage hopper (311) is connected with the soil covering assembly (33), and two ends of the storage hopper (31) are mounted on the left and right walking racks (212); the seeding assembly (32) comprises a seeding discharge hopper (320), a seeding motor (321) and a seeding roller (322), wherein the input end of the seeding discharge hopper (320) is connected with the seeding storage hopper (310), the output end of the seeding assembly is provided with the seeding roller (322), and the seeding roller (322) is in transmission connection with the seeding motor (321) arranged on the seeding discharge hopper (320); the outer wall of the sowing roller (322) is provided with a groove, so that seeds are filled in the sowing discharge hopper (320) and rotate to fall down after facing the seedling raising field (5); the soil covering assembly (33) comprises a soil covering assembly (330) which is arranged at two sides of the sowing assembly (32) and is used for covering soil before sowing and a soil covering assembly (331) which is used for covering soil after sowing, and the soil covering storage hopper (311) comprises a soil covering storage hopper (3110) connected with the soil covering assembly (330) and a soil covering storage hopper (3111) connected with the soil covering assembly (331); a non-woven fabric laying assembly (34) for laying non-woven fabrics on the seedling raising field (5) before sowing is also arranged below the sowing device (3), and the non-woven fabric laying assembly (34) comprises a roller (340) wound with the non-woven fabrics; the water spraying device (35) is further arranged on the frame (21), the water spraying device (35) comprises a water pump (350), a water tank (351) and a water pipe (352), one end of the water pump (350) is connected with the water tank (351), the other end of the water pump is connected with the water pipe (352), and a plurality of spray heads (353) are arranged on the water pipe (352); at least one side of the frame (21) is fixedly connected with a bedplate (217), the water tank (351) and the electric control device (1) are arranged on the bedplate (217), and the water pump (350) is arranged on the electric control device (1); brushes (323) for cleaning the sowing rollers (322) are arranged on two sides of the output end of the sowing discharge hopper (320); the earthing component (33) comprises an earthing discharge hopper (332), an earthing motor (333) and a conveying belt (334), wherein the input end of the earthing discharge hopper (332) is connected with the earthing storage hopper (311), the output end of the earthing discharge hopper is provided with the conveying belt (334), and the conveying belt (334) is driven by the earthing motor (333) arranged on the earthing discharge hopper (332); an anti-caking roller (335) is arranged above the conveying belt (334) in the earthing discharge hopper (332), and a stirring rod (3351) is arranged on the anti-caking roller (335); still include signal acquisition device (4), signal acquisition device (4) include H type wheel (41), encoder (42), connecting plate (43) and extension spring (44), the one end of connecting plate (43) with walking frame (211) pin joint around, the other end with H type wheel (41) pin joint, the one end of extension spring (44) with walking frame (211) around is connected, the other end with connecting plate (43) are connected so that H type wheel (41) with track (22) close fit around, the one end of encoder (42) with H type wheel (41) coaxial coupling, the other end with electrically controlled device (1) are connected.
CN202110671319.7A 2021-06-17 2021-06-17 Large-scale factorization rice seeding system of growing seedlings Active CN113545200B (en)

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BR8501038A (en) * 1985-03-06 1986-10-14 Semeato Ind & Comercio FLOW REGULATORY DEVICE OF PRODUCTS LAUNCHED BY MACHINERY AND AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS
CN2300236Y (en) * 1997-07-02 1998-12-16 宋建农 Bunch planting tray seedling implement
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