CN113527571B - 聚合物、包含其的底层涂料组合物以及图案化方法 - Google Patents
聚合物、包含其的底层涂料组合物以及图案化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113527571B CN113527571B CN202110278131.6A CN202110278131A CN113527571B CN 113527571 B CN113527571 B CN 113527571B CN 202110278131 A CN202110278131 A CN 202110278131A CN 113527571 B CN113527571 B CN 113527571B
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Classifications
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/20—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or phenols, e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate or glycerol mono-(meth)acrylate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/34—Esters containing nitrogen, e.g. N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate
- C08F220/343—Esters containing nitrogen, e.g. N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate in the form of urethane links
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/094—Multilayer resist systems, e.g. planarising layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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Abstract
公开了一种聚合物,其包含:包含由烷氧基羰基保护的氨基的第一重复单元;包含亲核基团的第二重复单元;以及包含可交联基团的第三重复单元,其中所述第一重复单元、所述第二重复单元和所述第三重复单元彼此不同。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及聚合物、其在底层涂料组合物中的用途、以及使用此类底层涂料组合物的图案化方法。本发明的聚合物、组合物和方法在半导体装置的形成中特别适用于半导体制造工业。
背景技术
光致抗蚀剂是用于将图像转移到基底上的光敏膜。将光致抗蚀剂涂覆到基底上后,将涂层通过图案化的光掩模暴露于活化能量源如紫外光,以在光致抗蚀剂涂层中形成潜像。光掩模具有对活化辐射不透明和透明的区域,所述区域限定了希望被转移到下面的基底上的图像。通过在抗蚀剂涂层中显影潜像图案来提供浮雕图像。所形成的图像可以是正型或负型的,这取决于光致抗蚀剂和显影剂的化学性质。
已知的光致抗蚀剂可以提供具有足以用于许多现有商业应用的分辨率和尺寸的特征。然而,对于许多其他应用,需要能够提供亚微米尺寸的高分辨率图像的新材料和工艺。
用于曝光光致抗蚀剂的活化辐射的反射通常对光致抗蚀剂层中图案化的图像的分辨率造成限制。成像辐射的散射和反射的量将典型地从区域到区域变化,导致另外的线宽不均匀。基底形貌的变化也可能导致分辨率限制问题。
用于减少反射辐射问题的一种方法是使用插入在基底表面与光致抗蚀剂涂层之间的辐射吸收层。此类层也称为抗反射层、BARC或底层。参见美国专利号9,541,834;US20150212414;美国专利号6,767,689 B2;美国专利号6,887,648 B2;以及美国专利号8,623,589。
随着半导体装置的特征尺寸持续减小,在光致抗蚀剂显影期间以图案塌陷形式的光致抗蚀剂图案化缺陷已经变得更加普遍。对于在ArF和EUV光刻中形成的柱和线/空间图案,这是特别有问题的。希望有大的图案塌陷裕度,以允许光刻工艺窗口的改进。
图案塌陷裕度很大程度上取决于在光致抗蚀剂层下面并与其接触的层(例如,BARC或EUV光致抗蚀剂底层)的膜特性。控制在与光致抗蚀剂层的界面处的底层的碱度可以积极地影响图案塌陷裕度。为了控制底层的碱度,已知使用光致产碱剂添加剂或可光分解的猝灭剂(PDQ)添加剂。然而,在光致抗蚀剂旋涂期间,由于在光致抗蚀剂组合物溶剂中的溶解,此类添加剂在底层的表面区域中的浓度可能减少。这种减少可能导致图案塌陷裕度的有效性降低或消除。
希望具有新的聚合物以及可用于形成光致抗蚀剂底层的含有此类聚合物的底层涂料组合物。
发明内容
提供了一种聚合物,其包含:包含由烷氧基羰基保护的氨基的第一重复单元;包含亲核基团的第二重复单元;以及包含可交联基团的第三重复单元,其中第一重复单元、第二重复单元和第三重复单元彼此不同。
还提供了一种底层涂料组合物,其包含所述聚合物、酸催化剂和溶剂。
另一方面提供了一种经涂覆的基底,其包括布置在基底上的底层涂料组合物的层;以及布置在所述底层涂料组合物的层上的光致抗蚀剂层。
还另一个方面提供了一种图案化方法,所述方法包括将底层涂料组合物的层施加在基底上;烘烤所述底层涂料组合物以形成底层膜;将光致抗蚀剂组合物的层施加在所述底层膜上以形成光致抗蚀剂层;将所述光致抗蚀剂层以图案方式暴露于活化辐射;以及使所暴露的光致抗蚀剂层显影以提供抗蚀剂浮雕图像。
具体实施方式
现在将详细参考示例性方面,其实例在本说明书中进行说明。在这方面,本发明的示例性方面可以具有不同的形式并且不应该被解释为限制于在本文中阐述的描述。因此,下面仅描述示例性方面,以解释本说明书的多个方面。本文所用的术语仅是为了描述具体方面的目的并且不旨在限制。
如本文使用的,术语“一个/一种(a,an)”和“所述”不表示数量的限制,并且除非在本文中以其他方式指出或与上下文明显矛盾,否则被解释为包括单数和复数二者。除非以其他方式明确指出,否则“或”意指“和/或”。本文所公开的全部范围包括端点,并且所述端点彼此可独立组合。后缀“(s)”旨在包括其修饰的术语的单数和复数二者,由此包括至少一个该术语。“任选的”或“任选地”意指随后描述的事件或情况可能发生或可能不发生,并且所述描述包括所述事件发生的例子以及其没有发生的例子。术语“第一”、“第二”和类似术语在本文不表示顺序、数量、或重要性,而是用于将一个元件与另一个进行区分。当一个元件被称为是“在”另一个元件“之上”时,它可以与所述另一个元件或可能存在于其间的插入元件直接接触。相反,当一个元件被称为是“直接在”另一个元件“之上”时,不存在插入元件。应当理解,可以在各方面中以任何合适的方式来组合所描述的方面的组件、元件、限制和/或特征。
如本文所用,术语“烃基”是指具有至少一个碳原子和至少一个氢原子的有机化合物,其任选地在指示的地方被一个或多个取代基取代;“烷基”是指直链或支链的饱和的烃,其具有指定的碳原子数并且具有为1的化合价;“亚烷基”是指具有为2的化合价的烷基;“羟烷基”是指被至少一个羟基(-OH)取代的烷基;“烷氧基”是指“烷基-O-”;“羧酸基”是指具有式“-C(=O)-OH”的基团;“环烷基”是指具有其中全部环成员是碳的一个或多个饱和环的单价基团;“亚环烷基”是指具有为2的化合价的环烷基;“烯基”是指具有至少一个碳碳双键的直链或支链的单价烃基;“烯氧基”是指“烯基-O-”;“亚烯基”是指具有为2的化合价的烯基;“环烯基”是指具有至少三个碳原子、具有至少一个碳碳双键的非芳香族环状的二价烃基;“炔基”是指具有至少一个碳碳三键的单价烃基;“芳基”是指单价芳香族单环或多环环体系,并且可以包括具有稠合到至少一个环烷基或杂环烷基环上的芳环的基团;“亚芳基”是指具有为2的化合价的芳基;“烷基芳基”是指已被烷基取代的芳基;“芳基烷基”是指已被芳基取代的烷基;“杂环烷基”是指具有作为代替碳的环成员的1-3个杂原子的环烷基;“亚杂环烷基”是指具有为2的化合价的杂环烷基;“杂芳基”是指具有作为代替碳的环成员的1-4个杂原子的芳香族基团;“芳氧基”是指“芳基-O-”;并且“芳硫基”是指“芳基-S-”。前缀“杂”意指化合物或基团包括至少一个为杂原子的成员(例如1、2或3个杂原子)代替碳原子,其中所述一个或多个杂原子各自独立地是N、O、S、Si或P。前缀“卤代”意指包括一个或多个氟、氯、溴或碘取代基代替氢原子的基团。可以存在卤基(例如溴和氟)的组合或仅氟基团。术语“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”包括甲基丙烯酸酯和丙烯酸酯二者,术语“(甲基)烯丙基”包括甲基烯丙基和烯丙基二者,并且术语“(甲基)丙烯酰胺”包括甲基丙烯酰胺和丙烯酰胺二者。
“取代的”意指所述基团上的至少一个氢原子被另一个基团替代,前提是不超过所指定原子的正常化合价。当取代基是氧代(即,=O)时,则碳原子上的两个氢被替代。取代基或变量的组合是可允许的。可以存在于“取代的”位置上的示例性基团包括但不限于,硝基(-NO2)、氰基(-CN)、羟基(-OH)、氧代(=O)、氨基(-NH2)、单-或二-(C1-6)烷基氨基、烷酰基(如C2-6烷酰基如酰基)、甲酰基(-C(=O)H)、羧酸或其碱金属或铵盐、C2-6烷基酯(-C(=O)O-烷基或-OC(=O)-烷基)、C7-13芳基酯(-C(=O)O-芳基或-OC(=O)-芳基)、酰胺基(-C(=O)NR2,其中R是氢或C1-6烷基)、甲酰胺基(-CH2C(=O)NR2,其中R是氢或C1-6烷基)、卤素(例如氟、氯、溴)、巯基(-SH)、C1-6烷硫基(-S-烷基)、氰硫基(-SCN)、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-9烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C3-12环烷基、C5-18环烯基、具有至少一个芳环的C6-12芳基(例如苯基、联苯基、萘基等,每个环是取代或未取代的芳香族的)、具有1至3个分开的或稠合的环以及6至18个环碳原子的C7-19芳基烷基、具有1至3个分开的或稠合的环以及6至18个环碳原子的芳基烷氧基、C7-12烷基芳基、C4-12杂环烷基、C3-12杂芳基、C1-6烷基磺酰基(-S(=O)2-烷基)、C6-12芳基磺酰基(-S(=O)2-芳基)、或甲苯磺酰基(CH3C6H4SO2-)。当基团是取代的时,指示的碳原子数是基团中的碳原子的总数,除了任何取代基的那些。例如,基团-CH2CH2CN是被氰基取代的C2烷基。
提供了一种聚合物,其包含:包含由烷氧基羰基保护的氨基的第一重复单元;包含亲核基团的第二重复单元;以及包含可交联基团的第三重复单元,其中所述第一重复单元、第二重复单元和第三重复单元彼此不同。第一重复单元通过热脱保护,例如通过聚合物的固化提供高pKa胺基作为碱性裂解产物。优选地,脱保护的胺基具有大于6的pKa。所公开的聚合物可以通过在脱保护时改变碱度来改善BARC和EUV底层的图案坍塌余量。此外,聚合物可通过第二重复单元的亲核基团和第三重复单元的可交联基团自交联。自交联可以降低交联聚合物的溶解度,从而避免在加工期间从底层溶解。在聚合物中使用至少三种不同和特定类型的重复单元可以提供比用光致产碱剂添加剂或可光破坏的猝灭剂添加剂控制碱度的传统方法显著改善的性能。
如本文使用的,术语“共聚物”是指含有两种或更多种不同的重复单元的聚合物。因此,所公开的本发明的聚合物化合物在本文中可以被称为“聚合物”或“共聚物”。
在一个实施例中,第一重复单元可以衍生自具有式(1)的单体:
在式(1)中,Ra是氢、氟、取代或未取代的C1-5烷基、或取代或未取代的C1-5氟烷基。优选地,Ra是氢或甲基。
在式(1)中,每个Rk独立地是卤素、羟基、羧酸或酯、巯基、直链或支链的C1-20烷基、单环或多环的C3-20环烷基、单环或多环的C3-20氟环烯基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烷基、单环或多环的C6-20芳基、或单环或多环的C4-20杂芳基,其中的每一个是取代或未取代的;并且n是0至11的整数。优选地,Rk是直链或支链的C1-20烷基并且n是1。
在式(1)中,A是单键或C1-2亚烷基。优选地,A是单键或C1亚烷基以提供5元或6元杂环。
在式(1)中,R1、R2和R3各自独立地是直链或支链的C1-20烷基、单环或多环的C3-20环烷基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烷基、直链或支链的C2-20烯基、单环或多环的C3-20环烯基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烯基、单环或多环的C6-20芳基、或单环或多环的C4-20杂芳基,其中的每一个是取代或未取代的。在一个实施例中,R1、R2和R3中的任何两个一起任选地可以形成环。在另外的实施例中,多环结构可以通过R1、R2和R3形成。
衍生自具有式(1)的单体的示例性第一重复单元包括但不限于以下:
其中Ra是如式(1)中所定义的。
在另一个实施例中,第一重复单元可以衍生自具有式(2)的单体:
在式(2)中,Rb是氢、氟、取代或未取代的C1-5烷基、或取代或未取代的C1-5氟烷基。优选地,Rb是氢或甲基。
在式(2)中,L1是连接基团。连接基团可以包含碳,并且可以任选地包含一个或多个杂原子。在实例中,L1可以是直链或支链的C1-20亚烷基、单环或多环的C3-20亚环烷基、单环或多环的C3-20亚杂环烷基、单环或多环的C6-20亚芳基、或单环或多环的C4-20亚杂芳基,其中的每一个是取代或未取代的。优选地,L1是C1-5亚烷基或C3-12亚环烷基。
在式(2)中,R4、R5和R6各自独立地是直链或支链的C1-20烷基、单环或多环的C3-20环烷基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烷基、直链或支链的C2-20烯基、单环或多环的C3-20环烯基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烯基、单环或多环的C6-20芳基、或单环或多环的C4-20杂芳基,其中的每一个是取代或未取代的。在一个实施例中,R4、R5和R6中的任何两个一起任选地可以形成环。在另外的实施例中,多环结构可以通过R4、R5和R6形成。
衍生自具有式(2)的单体的示例性第一重复单元包括但不限于以下:
其中Rb是如式(2)中所定义的。
在实施例中,第二重复单元可以衍生自具有式(3)的单体:
在式(3)中,Rc是氢、氟、取代或未取代的C1-5烷基、或取代或未取代的C1-5氟烷基。优选地,Rc是氢或甲基。
在式(3)中,L2是取代或未取代的C1-30亚烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚环烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚杂环烷基、取代或未取代的C6-30亚芳基、取代或未取代的二价C7-30芳基烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚杂芳基、或取代或未取代的二价C4-30杂芳基烷基。优选地,L2是取代或未取代的C1-10亚烷基。
在式(3)中,Z1是包含氧、氮或硫的亲核基团,如羟基(-OH)、羧基(-COOH)、胺基(-NH2)、巯基(-SH)、或酰胺基(-C(=O)NH2)部分。在实施例中,Z1是羟基、羧基、巯基、氨基或酰胺基。优选地,Z1是羟基。
在实施例中,第三重复单元可以衍生自具有式(4)的单体:
在式(4)中,Rd是氢、氟、取代或未取代的C1-5烷基、或取代或未取代的C1-5氟烷基。优选地,Rd是氢或甲基。
在式(4)中,L3是单键、取代或未取代的C1-30亚烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚环烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚杂环烷基、取代或未取代的C6-30亚芳基、取代或未取代的二价C7-30芳基烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚杂芳基、或取代或未取代的二价C4-30杂芳基烷基。优选地,L3是取代或未取代的C1-10亚烷基。
在式(4)中,Z2是环氧基或内酯。例如,Z2可以是环氧基、β-丙内酯、γ-丁内酯或δ-戊内酯,其中的每一个可以是取代或未取代的。优选地,Z2是环氧基。
在实施例中,聚合物包含5至60摩尔百分比(mol%)、优选5至30mol%的第一重复单元;20至65mol%、优选30至65mol%的第二重复单元;以及20至65mol%、优选30至65mol%的第三重复单元,各自基于聚合物中总重复单元的100mol%。例如,聚合物包含5至60mol%的衍生自具有式(1)或式(2)的单体的第一重复单元;20至65mol%的衍生自具有式(3)的单体的第二重复单元;以及20至65mol%的衍生自具有式(4)的单体的第三重复单元,各自基于聚合物中总重复单元的100mol%。
聚合物可以具有2,000克/摩尔(g/mol)至100,000g/mol、例如优选10,000至50,000g/mol、更优选12,000至30,000g/mol的重均分子量(Mw),以及1.3至3、优选1.3至2、更优选1.4至2的多分散性指数(PDI)。使用聚苯乙烯标准物通过凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)确定分子量。
本发明的合适的聚合物可以基于本申请实例中描述的程序并通过与本申请实例中描述的程序类比而容易地制备,这是本领域普通技术人员容易理解的。例如,可以使用合适的一种或多种溶剂和引发剂将对应于本文所述重复单元的一种或多种单体合并或分开进料,并在反应器中聚合。所述单体组合物可以进一步包括添加剂,如溶剂、聚合引发剂、固化催化剂(即酸催化剂)等。例如,聚合物可以通过相应的单体在任何合适的条件下的聚合来获得,如通过在有效的温度下加热、用有效的波长下的活化辐射进行辐射或其组合。
还提供了一种底层涂料组合物,其包含本文所述的聚合物、酸催化剂和溶剂。典型地,聚合物以底层涂料组合物的固体含量的70至99wt%、更优选75至95wt%的量存在于所述底层涂料组合物中。
底层涂料组合物可以进一步包含一种或多种除了上述本发明的聚合物之外的聚合物(“额外的聚合物”)。例如,底层涂料组合物可以进一步包含如上所述的但组成不同的额外的聚合物,或者类似于上述的那些但是不包括三种不同的必需单体类型中的每一种的聚合物。额外地或可替代地,所述一种或多种额外的聚合物可以包括在本领域中众所周知的那些,例如,聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯醚、聚酯、聚降冰片烯、聚缩醛、聚乙二醇、聚酰胺、聚丙烯酰胺、多酚、酚醛清漆、苯乙烯类聚合物、以及聚乙烯醇。
酸催化剂可以包括游离酸和/或酸产生剂,其可以起到促进组合物组分的硬化或交联的作用。通常优选通过酸产生剂的活化的底层涂料组合物的热诱导交联。游离酸的实例包括但不限于磺酸,如甲磺酸、乙磺酸、丙磺酸、苯磺酸、甲苯磺酸、十二烷基苯磺酸和三氟甲磺酸。
典型地,一种或多种游离酸可以以底层涂料组合物的固体含量的0.1至15wt%、更优选0.5至10wt%的浓度存在于所述底层涂料组合物中。
合适的热酸产生剂(TAG)包括非离子或离子化合物。合适的非离子热酸产生剂包括例如三氟甲基磺酸环己酯、三氟甲基磺酸甲酯、对甲苯磺酸环己酯、对甲苯磺酸甲酯、2,4,6-三异丙基苯磺酸环己酯、硝基苄基酯、苯偶姻甲苯磺酸酯、甲苯磺酸2-硝基苄基酯、三(2,3-二溴丙基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6-三酮、有机磺酸的烷基酯、对甲苯磺酸、十二烷基苯磺酸、草酸、邻苯二甲酸、磷酸、樟脑磺酸、2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酸、三异丙基萘磺酸、5-硝基邻甲苯磺酸、5-磺基水杨酸、2,5-二甲基苯磺酸、2-硝基苯磺酸、3-氯苯磺酸、3-溴苯磺酸、2-氟癸酰基萘磺酸、十二烷基苯磺酸、1-萘酚-5-磺酸、2-甲氧基-4-羟基-5-苯甲酰基-苯磺酸、以及它们的盐、及其组合。合适的离子热酸产生剂包括例如十二烷基苯磺酸三乙胺盐、十二烷基苯二磺酸三乙胺盐、对甲苯磺酸铵盐、磺酸盐(如碳环芳基和杂芳基磺酸盐、脂肪族磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐)和三氟甲磺酸铵盐(包括三氟甲磺酸的苄基吡啶鎓和苄基苯铵盐)。活化时产生磺酸或三氟甲磺酸的化合物通常是合适的。优选的热酸产生剂包括对甲苯磺酸铵盐、三氟甲磺酸铵盐和杂芳基磺酸盐。在实施例中,酸催化剂是对甲苯磺酸吡啶鎓。
典型地,一种或多种热酸产生剂可以以底层涂料组合物的固体含量的0.1至15wt%、更优选0.5至10wt%的浓度存在于所述底层涂料组合物中。
底层涂料组合物的溶剂组分可以是单一溶剂或可以包括两种或更多种不同溶剂的混合物。适当地,多种溶剂中的每一种可以彼此混溶。合适的溶剂包括例如一种或多种氧基异丁酸酯,特别是2-羟基异丁酸甲酯、2-羟基异丁酸、乳酸乙酯,或乙二醇醚,如2-甲氧基乙基醚(二甘醇二甲醚)、乙二醇单甲基醚和丙二醇单甲基醚中的一种或多种;具有醚和羟基部分两者的溶剂,如甲氧基丁醇、乙氧基丁醇、甲氧基丙醇和乙氧基丙醇;酯,如甲基溶纤剂乙酸酯、乙基溶纤剂乙酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、二丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯和其他溶剂,如二元酯、碳酸丙烯酯和γ-丁内酯。
底层涂料组合物可以包含一种或多种任选的添加剂,包括例如表面活性剂和抗氧化剂。如果使用的话,此类任选的添加剂各自典型地以基于底层涂料组合物的固体含量的如0.01至10wt%的少量存在于所述底层涂料组合物中。
典型的表面活性剂包括展现出两亲性质的那些,意味着它们可以同时既是亲水性的又是疏水性的。两亲性表面活性剂具有一个或多个亲水性头基(其对于水具有强的亲和力)以及一个长疏水尾(其是亲有机性的且排斥水)。合适的表面活性剂可以是离子的(即,阴离子的、阳离子的)或非离子的。表面活性剂的另外的实例包括硅酮表面活性剂、聚(氧化烯)表面活性剂、和含氟化合物表面活性剂。合适的非离子表面活性剂包括但不限于,辛基和壬基苯酚乙氧基化物,如TRITON X-114、X-100、X-45、X-15,以及支链的仲醇乙氧基化物,如TERGITOL TMN-6(陶氏化学公司(Dow Chemical Company),美国密歇根州米德兰)。还另外的示例性的表面活性剂包括醇(伯醇和仲醇)乙氧基化物、胺乙氧基化物、葡糖苷、葡糖胺、聚乙二醇、聚(乙二醇-共-丙二醇)、或在由糖果制造商出版公司(ManufacturersConfectioners Publishing Co.)出版的Glen Rock,N.J的2000年北美版的McCutcheon′sEmulsifiers and Detergents[麦卡琴乳化剂和清洁剂]中公开的其他表面活性剂。作为炔二醇衍生物的非离子表面活性剂也可以是合适的。此类表面活性剂可商购于宾夕法尼亚州阿伦敦的空气化工产品有限公司(Air Products and Chemicals,Inc.)并且以商品名SURFYNOLTM和DYNOLTM出售。额外的合适的表面活性剂包括其他聚合物化合物,如三嵌段EO-PO-EO共聚物PLURONICTM 25R2、L121、L123、L31、L81、L101和P123(巴斯夫公司(BASF,Inc.))。
可以添加抗氧化剂,以防止或最小化底层涂料组合物中有机材料的氧化。合适的抗氧化剂包括例如,基于苯酚的抗氧化剂、由有机酸衍生物构成的抗氧化剂、含硫抗氧化剂、基于磷的抗氧化剂、基于胺的抗氧化剂、由胺-醛缩合物构成的抗氧化剂和由胺-酮缩合物构成的抗氧化剂。基于苯酚的抗氧化剂的实例包括经取代的苯酚,如1-氧基-3-甲基-4-异丙基苯、2,6-二-叔丁基苯酚、2,6-二-叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚、2,6-二-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、4-羟基甲基-2,6-二-叔丁基苯酚、丁基羟基苯甲醚、2-(1-甲基环己基)-4,6-二甲基苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚、2-甲基-4,6-二壬基苯酚、2,6-二-叔丁基-α-二甲基氨基-对甲酚、6-(4-羟基-3,5-二-叔丁基苯胺基)2,4-双辛基-硫代-1,3,5-三嗪、正十八烷基-3-(4′-羟基-3′,5′-二-叔丁基苯基)丙酸酯、辛基化苯酚、经芳烷基取代的苯酚、烷基化对甲酚和受阻酚;双酚、三酚和多酚,如4,4′-二羟基二苯基、亚甲基双-(二甲基-4,6-苯酚)、2,2′-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)、2,2′-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-环己基苯酚)、2,2′-亚甲基双-(4-乙基-6-叔丁基苯酚)、4,4′-亚甲基双-(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、2,2′-亚甲基双-(6-α-甲基-苄基-对甲酚)、亚甲基交联的多价烷基酚、4,4′-亚丁基双-(3-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)、1,1-双-(4-羟基苯基)-环己烷、2,2′-二羟基-3,3′-二-(α-甲基环己基)-5,5′-二甲基二苯基甲烷、烷基化双酚、受阻双酚、1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯、三-(2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基)丁烷、和四-[亚甲基-3-(3′,5′-二叔丁基-4′-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]甲烷。合适的抗氧化剂是可商购的,例如,IrganoxTM抗氧化剂(汽巴特种化学品公司(Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corp.))。
所希望的组合物的总固体含量将取决于多种因素,如所希望的最终的层厚度。典型地,底层涂料组合物的固体含量可以是基于所述底层涂料组合物的总重量0.1至20wt%、例如0.1至10wt%、更典型地0.11至5wt%。如本文使用的,底层涂料组合物的“固体含量”是指除溶剂载体之外的底层涂料组合物的所有材料。
底层涂料组合物可以按照已知程序制备。例如,底层涂料组合物可以通过以任何顺序组合聚合物、酸催化剂、溶剂以及任何任选的组分来制备。底层涂料组合物可以按原样使用,或者可以在涂覆到基底上之前进行纯化。纯化可以涉及例如离心、过滤、蒸馏、倾析、蒸发、用离子交换珠处理等中的一种或多种。
本发明的图案化方法包括将底层涂料组合物的层施加在基底上;烘烤所述底层涂料组合物以形成底层膜;将光致抗蚀剂组合物的层施加在所述底层膜上以形成光致抗蚀剂层;将所述光致抗蚀剂层以图案方式暴露于活化辐射;以及使所暴露的光致抗蚀剂层显影以提供抗蚀剂浮雕图像。
在所述图案化方法中可以使用各种各样的基底,其中电子装置基底是典型的。合适的基底包括例如,封装基底如多芯片模块;平板显示器基底;集成电路基底;用于包括有机发光二极管(OLED)的发光二极管(LED)的基底;半导体晶片;多晶硅基底;等。合适的基底可以呈晶片的形式,如用于制造集成电路、光学传感器、平板显示器、集成光学电路、和LED的那些。如本文使用的,术语“半导体晶片”旨在涵盖“电子装置基底”、“半导体基底”、“半导体装置”以及用于各种互连水平的各种封装物,包括单芯片晶片、多芯片晶片、用于各种水平的封装物、或其他需要焊接连接的组件。此类基底可以是任何合适的尺寸。典型的晶片基底直径是200mm至300mm,尽管根据本发明可以适当地使用具有更小和更大直径的晶片。如本文使用的,术语“半导体基底”包括具有一个或多个半导体层或结构的任何基底,所述半导体层或结构可以任选地包括半导体装置的活性或可操作部分。半导体装置是指半导体基底,在其上已经批量制造或正在批量制造至少一种微电子装置。
基底典型地由硅、多晶硅、氧化硅、氮化硅、氮氧化硅、锗化硅、砷化镓、铝、蓝宝石、钨、钛、钛-钨、镍、铜和金中的一种或多种构成。基底可以包括一个或多个层以及图案化特征。所述层可以包括例如一个或多个导电层,如铝、铜、钼、钽、钛、钨,这些金属的合金、氮化物或硅化物、掺杂非晶硅或掺杂多晶硅的层;一个或多个介电层,如氧化硅、氮化硅、氮氧化硅或金属氧化物的层;半导体层,如单晶硅;以及其组合。所述层可以通过各种技术形成,例如化学气相沉积(CVD),如等离子体增强的CVD(PECVD)、低压CVD(LPCVD)或外延生长,物理气相沉积(PVD),如溅射或蒸发、或电镀。
在本发明的某些图案化方法中,在形成本发明的光致抗蚀剂底层之前,可能希望在基底的上表面上提供一个或多个光刻层,如硬掩模层,例如旋涂碳(SOC)、无定形碳或金属硬掩模层,CVD层,如氮化硅(SiN)层、氧化硅(SiO)层或氮氧化硅(SiON)层,有机或无机BARC层或其组合。此类层与本发明的外涂覆底层和光致抗蚀剂层一起形成光刻材料堆叠件。可用于本发明的图案化方法中的典型光刻堆叠件包括例如以下:SOC层/底层/光致抗蚀剂层;SOC层/SiON层/底层/光致抗蚀剂层;SOC层/SiARC层/底层/光致抗蚀剂层;SOC层/金属硬掩模层/底层/光致抗蚀剂层;无定形碳层/底层/光致抗蚀剂层;以及无定形碳层/SiON层/底层/光致抗蚀剂层。
可以通过任何合适的手段如旋涂、狭缝式模头涂布、刮涂、幕涂、辊涂、喷涂、浸涂等将底层涂料组合物涂覆在基底上。在半导体晶片的情况下,旋涂是优选的。在典型的旋涂方法中,将本发明的组合物施加到以500至4000rpm的速率旋转的基底上持续15至90秒的时间段以在基底上获得希望的凝结聚合物的层。本领域技术人员将理解的是,经涂覆的层的厚度可以通过改变旋转速度以及组合物的固体含量来调节。由底层涂料组合物形成的底层典型地具有1至50nm、更典型地1至10nm的干燥层厚度。
任选地在相对较低的温度下将经涂覆的底层组合物软烘烤,以从所述底层组合物中除去任何溶剂和其他相对易挥发的组分。典型地,在小于或等于150℃、优选60℃至125℃、并且更优选90℃至115℃的温度下烘烤基底。烘烤时间典型地是10秒至10分钟、优选30秒至5分钟、并且更优选6至90秒。当基底是晶片时,此烘烤步骤可以通过在热板上加热所述晶片来进行。此软烘烤步骤可以作为涂层的固化的一部分来进行,或者可以完全省略。
然后将经涂覆的底层组合物固化以形成底层。应将组合物充分固化,使得底层不与要在底层上形成的光致抗蚀剂层混合,或最小程度地混合。可以在含氧气氛(如空气)中或在惰性气氛(如氮气)中并且在足以提供固化涂层的条件(如加热)下固化经涂覆的底层组合物。此固化步骤优选在热板式设备上进行,尽管可以使用烘箱固化来获得等效的结果。固化温度应足以使酸催化剂在整个层中进行固化,例如,足以使游离酸进行交联,或使热酸产生剂释放酸并使释放的酸进行交联,其中所述酸催化剂是TAG。典型地,固化在150℃或更高、并且优选150℃至450℃的温度下进行。更优选的是,固化温度是180℃或更高、还更优选200℃或更高、并且甚至更优选200℃至400℃。固化时间典型地是10秒至10分钟、优选30秒至5分钟、更优选45秒至2分钟、并且还更优选45至90秒。任选地,可以使用斜升式或多阶段固化工艺。斜升式烘烤典型地在相对低的(例如,环境)温度下开始,所述温度以恒定或变化的斜升速率增加至较高的目标温度。多阶段固化工艺涉及在两个或更多个温度平台处固化,典型地在较低的烘烤温度下进行第一阶段,在较高的温度下进行一个或多个额外的阶段。此类斜升式或多阶段固化工艺的条件对于本领域技术人员是已知的,并且可以允许省略先前的软烘烤工艺。
底层组合物固化后,在底层上形成光致抗蚀剂层。
各种各样的光致抗蚀剂可以适当地用于本发明的方法中,并且典型地是正性材料。待使用的具体的光致抗蚀剂将取决于所使用的曝光波长,并且通常包含酸敏感的基质聚合物、光活性组分如光酸产生剂、溶剂和任选的额外的组分。合适的光致抗蚀剂对于本领域技术人员是已知的并且是可商购的,例如,来自杜邦电子与成像事业部(DuPontElectronics&Imaging)的UVTM和EPICTM产品家族中的各种光致抗蚀剂材料。可以通过已知的涂覆技术(如以上关于底层组合物描述的,其中旋涂是典型的)将光致抗蚀剂施加到基底上。光致抗蚀剂层的典型厚度是10至300nm。接下来,典型地将光致抗蚀剂层软烘烤以最小化所述层中的溶剂含量,从而形成无粘性涂层并提高所述层对基底的粘附性。软烘烤可以在加热板上或在烘箱中进行,其中加热板是典型的。典型的软烘烤在70℃至150℃的温度下进行,并且时间为30至90秒。
接下来,将光致抗蚀剂层通过光掩模暴露于活化辐射,以在暴露区域与未暴露区域之间产生溶解度差异。本文提及的将光致抗蚀剂组合物暴露于对所述组合物有活化作用的辐射表明辐射能够在所述光致抗蚀剂组合物中形成潜像。光掩模具有光学透明和光学不透明区域,分别对应于抗蚀剂层中的待通过活化辐射曝光的和未曝光的区域。曝光波长典型地是400nm以下、并且更典型地,300nm以下,如248nm(KrF)、193nm(ArF)或EUV波长(例如13.5nm)。在优选的方面,曝光波长是193nm或EUV波长。曝光能量典型地是10至100mJ/em2,这取决于例如曝光工具和光敏组合物的组分。
在暴露光致抗蚀剂层之后,典型地进行暴露后烘烤(PEB)。PEB可以例如在加热板上或在烘箱中进行。PEB典型地在70℃至150℃的温度下进行,并且时间为30至90秒。由此形成由极性转换和未转换区域(分别对应于曝光和未曝光区域)之间的边界限定的潜像。接下来,将光致抗蚀剂层显影以除去所述层的暴露区域,留下未暴露区域形成图案化的光致抗蚀剂层。显影剂典型地是水性的碱性显影剂,例如,四烷基氢氧化铵溶液,如四甲基氢氧化铵(TMAH)溶液、典型地是0.26当量浓度(N)(2.38wt%)TMAH。可以通过已知技术,例如旋涂或浸涂(puddle coating),将显影剂施加在基底上。
然后,可以通过适当的蚀刻技术将光致抗蚀剂层的图案转移到一个或多个包括底层的下层并转移到基底,例如通过对每个蚀刻的层使用适当的气体种类进行等离子体蚀刻。取决于所涉及的层和材料的数量,图案转移可以涉及使用不同蚀刻气体的多个蚀刻步骤。在使用常规技术对基板进行图案转移之后,可以除去光刻堆叠件中的图案化的光致抗蚀剂层、底层和其他任选的层。任选地,可以在图案转移到下层之后除去,或在图案转移到下层期间以及在图案转移到基底之前消耗掉堆叠件的层的一个或多个。然后根据已知方法进一步加工基底以形成电子装置。
在下文中,参考实例更详细地说明本公开。然而,这些实例是示例性的,并且本发明不限于此。
实例
聚合物合成
实例1
在第一圆底烧瓶(RBF)中在室温下搅拌下,将甲基丙烯酸4-羟苯酯(HQMA)(18.2克(g))、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)(7.3g)、4-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)哌啶甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯(TBPMA)(4.6g)和2,2′-偶氮双(2-甲基丙酸)二甲酯(V601)(3.5g)溶解在32.5g的乳酸乙酯(EL)/γ-丁内酯(GBL)(EL:GBL=70∶30wt%比率)中。单独地,将EL/GBL(37.5g)装入到配备有冷凝器和磁力搅拌器的第二RBF中。在搅拌下将第二烧瓶在90℃下加热,并在3小时内向其中滴加第一RBF的内容物。单体进料完成后,将反应混合物在90℃下再搅拌一小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,并沉淀为甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE,1000g)。分离出固体,并在真空下在40℃下干燥16小时。共聚物包含以60.6:30.4:9.0的比率的重复单元HQMA∶GMA:TBPMA并且具有如通过GPC测定的9.2kg/mol的Mw。
实例2
在第一RBF中在室温下在搅拌下将HQMA(15.1g)、GMA(5.9g)、TBPMA(9.0g)和V601(2.6g)溶解在32.5g的EL/GBL(70:30wt/w比率)中。单独地,将EL/GBL(37.5g)装入到配备有冷凝器和磁力搅拌器的第二RBF中。在搅拌下将第二烧瓶在90℃下加热,并在3小时内向其中滴加第一RBF的内容物。单体进料完成后,将反应混合物在90℃下再搅拌一小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,并用MTBE(1000g)沉淀。分离出固体,并在真空下在40℃下干燥16小时。共聚物包含以56.5∶27.0∶16.5的比率的重复单元HQMA∶GMA∶TBPMA并且具有如通过GPC测定的11.8kg/mol的Mw。
实例3
在第一RBF中在室温下在搅拌下将甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯(HEMA)(15.9g)、GMA(5.5g)、TBPMA(5.5g)和V601(5.6g)溶解在32.5g的EL/GBL(70∶30wt/w比率)中。单独地,将EL/GBL(37.5g)装入到配备有冷凝器和磁力搅拌器的第二RBF中。在搅拌下将第二烧瓶在80℃下加热,并在2小时内向其中滴加第一RBF的内容物。单体进料完成后,将反应混合物在80℃下再搅拌一小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,并用MTBE(1000g)沉淀。将所得产物重新溶解在THF(120g)中,并用MTBE(1500g)沉淀。分离出固体,并在真空下在40℃下干燥16小时。共聚物包含以63.4∶26.6∶10.0的比率的重复单元HEMA∶GMA∶TBPMA并且具有如通过GPC测定的7.7kg/mol的Mw。
实例4
在第一RBF中在室温下在搅拌下将HQMA(19.8g)、GMA(7.9g)、4-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)-4-甲基哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(TBMPMA)(5.3g)和V601(3.5g)溶解在32.5g的EL/GBL(70∶30wt/w比率)中。单独地,将EL/GBL(37.5g)装入到配备有冷凝器和磁力搅拌器的第二RBF中。在搅拌下将第二烧瓶在90℃下加热,并在3小时内向其中滴加第一RBF的内容物。单体进料完成后,将反应混合物在90℃下再搅拌一小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,并用MTBE(1000g)沉淀。分离出固体,并在真空下在40℃下干燥16小时。共聚物包含以58.9∶30.9∶10.2的比率的重复单元HQMA∶GMA∶TBMPMA并且具有如通过GPC测定的9.0kg/mol的Mw。
实例5
在第一RBF中在室温下在搅拌下将HQMA(19.6g)、GMA(7.8g)、4-乙基-4-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(TBEPMA)(5.5g)和V601(3.5g)溶解在32.5g的EL/GBL(70∶30wt/w比率)中。单独地,将EL/GBL(37.5g)装入到配备有冷凝器和磁力搅拌器的第二RBF中。在搅拌下将第二烧瓶在90℃下加热,并在3小时内向其中滴加第一RBF的内容物。单体进料完成后,将反应混合物在90℃下再搅拌一小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,并用MTBE(1000g)沉淀。分离出固体,并在真空下在40℃下干燥16小时。共聚物包含以59.3∶31.0∶9.7的比率的重复单元HQMA∶GMA∶TBEPMA并且具有如通过GPC测定的10.5kg/mol的Mw。
实例6
在第一RBF中在室温下在搅拌下将HQMA(20.5g)、GMA(7.8g)、2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)乙基甲基丙烯酸酯(TBAEMA)(4.4g)和V601(3.5g)溶解在32.5g的EL/GBL(70∶30wt/w比率)中。单独地,将EL/GBL(37.5g)装入到配备有冷凝器和磁力搅拌器的第二RBF中。在搅拌下将第二烧瓶在90℃下加热,并在3小时内向其中滴加第一RBF的内容物。单体进料完成后,将反应混合物在90℃下再搅拌一小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,并用MTBE(1000g)沉淀。分离出固体,并在真空下在40℃下干燥16小时。共聚物包含以60.1∶29.5∶10.4的比率的重复单元HQMA∶GMA∶TBAEMA并且具有如通过GPC测定的11.3kg/mol的Mw。
实例7
在第一RBF中在室温下在搅拌下将GMA(21.8g)和HQMA(18.2g)溶解在40g的EL中。单独地,将EL(80g)装入到配备有冷凝器和磁力搅拌器的第二RBF中。在搅拌下将第二烧瓶在90℃下加热,并在3小时内向其中滴加第一RBF的内容物。单体进料完成后,将反应混合物在90℃下再搅拌一小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,并用MTBE(1000g)沉淀。分离出固体,并在真空下在40℃下干燥16小时。共聚物包含以60.3∶39.7的比率的重复单元GMA∶HQMA并且具有如通过GPC测定的4.7kg/mol的Mw。
抗反射组合物的制备
通过组合实例1至7的共聚物之一、2,4,6-三甲基吡啶鎓对甲苯磺酸盐、2-羟基异丁酸甲酯(8.308g)、1-甲氧基-2-乙酸丙酯(20.769g)和甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(0.593g)来制备组合物。表1列出了组合物。
表1
实例 | 共聚物 | 共聚物量(g) | 2,4,6-三甲基吡啶鎓对甲苯磺酸盐(g) |
8 | 实例1 | 0.326 | 0.004 |
9 | 实例2 | 0.326 | 0.004 |
10 | 实例1 | 0.314 | 0.016 |
11 | 实例2 | 0.314 | 0.016 |
12 | 实例1 | 0.287 | 0.033 |
13 | 实例2 | 0.287 | 0.033 |
14 | 实例3 | 0.287 | 0.033 |
15 | 实例4 | 0.287 | 0.033 |
16 | 实例5 | 0.287 | 0.033 |
17 | 实例6 | 0.287 | 0.033 |
18* | 实例7 | 0.326 | 0.004 |
*指示对比实例
实例19:膜剥离测试
将组合物旋涂在200mm的硅晶片上,并通过MARK轨道在205℃下烘烤60秒(步骤1)。将经涂覆的晶片暴露于30mL的PGMEA∶PGME(30:70wt%比率)持续90秒,旋转干燥以形成薄膜,并且在110℃下固化60秒(步骤2)。通过Opti-probe对初始涂覆的膜(步骤1)和烘烤后的膜(步骤2)进行膜厚度测量。将剥离量确定为步骤1厚度与步骤2厚度之差。
实例20:光刻测试
在TEL Lithius 300mm晶片轨道上用ARTM 40有机底部抗反射涂层涂覆硅晶片,并且在205℃下固化60秒以形成第一BARC层。然后将实例8至18的组合物涂覆在第一BARC层上,并且在205℃下固化60秒以形成/>第二层。将EPICTM IM7011基于(甲基)丙烯酸酯的ArF光致抗蚀剂(杜邦电子与成像事业部)涂覆在第二层上,并且在110℃下软烘烤60秒以形成/>厚度层。在NIKON 610C ArF浸没式扫描仪上以1.3NA、0.98/0.78内/外σ、偶极子照射,通过光掩模暴露晶片以形成40/80nm线/间隔图案。将晶片在95℃下进行暴露后烘烤(PEB)持续60秒。将晶片用0.26N TMAH显影剂显影并且旋转干燥以形成正性图案。使用CD-SEM工具检查图案化的晶片。
实例8至18的结果提供于表2中。
表2
*指示对比实例
如表2所示,相对于实例18(对比),实例8至17的底层涂料组合物实现了图案塌陷改善,同时膜剥离损失减少。
虽然已经结合目前被认为是实际的示例性方面描述了本公开,但是应当理解,本发明不限于所公开的方面,而且相反地,旨在覆盖包括在所附权利要求的精神和范围内的各种修改和等同布置。
Claims (4)
1.一种经涂覆的基底,其包括:
布置在基底上的底层涂料组合物的固化的层;以及
布置在所述底层涂料组合物的固化的层上的光致抗蚀剂层,
所述底层涂料组合物包括一种聚合物,其包含:
包含由烷氧基羰基保护的氨基的第一重复单元;
包含亲核基团的第二重复单元;以及
包含可交联基团的第三重复单元,
其中所述第一重复单元、所述第二重复单元和所述第三重复单元彼此不同,
所述第一重复单元衍生自具有式(1)或(2)的单体:
其中,
Ra是氢、氟、取代或未取代的C1-5烷基、或取代或未取代的C1-5氟烷基;
每个Rk独立地是卤素、羟基、羧酸或酯、巯基、直链或支链的C1-20烷基、单环或多环的C3-20环烷基、单环或多环的C3-20氟环烯基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烷基、单环或多环的C6-20芳基、或单环或多环的C4-20杂芳基,其中的每一个是取代或未取代的;
A是单键或C1-2亚烷基;
R1、R2和R3各自独立地是直链或支链的C1-20烷基、单环或多环的C3-20环烷基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烷基、直链或支链的C2-20烯基、单环或多环的C3-20环烯基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烯基、单环或多环的C6-20芳基、或单环或多环的C4-20杂芳基,其中的每一个是取代或未取代的,并且R1、R2和R3中的任何两个任选地一起形成环;并且
n是0至11的整数,
其中,
Rb是氢、氟、取代或未取代的C1-5烷基、或取代或未取代的C1-5氟烷基;
L1是连接基团;并且
R4、R5和R6各自独立地是直链或支链的C1-20烷基、单环或多环的C3-20环烷基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烷基、直链或支链的C2-20烯基、单环或多环的C3-20环烯基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烯基、单环或多环的C6-20芳基、或单环或多环的C4-20杂芳基,其中的每一个是取代或未取代的,并且R4、R5和R6中的任何两个任选地一起形成环,
所述第二重复单元衍生自具有式(3)的单体:
其中
Rc是氢、氟、取代或未取代的C1-5烷基、或取代或未取代的C1-5氟烷基;
L2是取代或未取代的C1-30亚烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚环烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚杂环烷基、取代或未取代的C6-30亚芳基、取代或未取代的二价C7-30芳基烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚杂芳基、或取代或未取代的二价C4-30杂芳基烷基;并且
Z1是羟基、羧基、巯基、氨基或酰胺基,
所述第三重复单元衍生自具有式(4)的单体:
其中,
Rd是氢、氟、取代或未取代的C1-5烷基、或取代或未取代的C1-5氟烷基;
L3是单键、取代或未取代的C1-30亚烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚环烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚杂环烷基、取代或未取代的C6-30亚芳基、取代或未取代的二价C7-30芳基烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚杂芳基、或取代或未取代的二价C4-30杂芳基烷基;并且
Z2是环氧基或内酯,
所述聚合物包含:
5至60摩尔百分比的所述第一重复单元;
20至65摩尔百分比的所述第二重复单元;以及
20至65摩尔百分比的所述第三重复单元,
各自基于所述聚合物中的总重复单元的100摩尔百分比。
2.如权利要求1所述的经涂覆的基底,其中,所述底层涂料组合物还包含:
酸催化剂;以及
溶剂。
3.如权利要求2所述的经涂覆的基底,其中,所述底层涂料组合物进一步包含不同于如权利要求1所述的聚合物的额外的聚合物。
4.一种图案化方法,所述方法包括:
将底层涂料组合物的层施加在基底上;
烘烤所述底层涂料组合物以形成底层涂料组合物的固化的层;
将光致抗蚀剂组合物的层施加在所述底层涂料组合物的固化的层上以形成光致抗蚀剂层;
将所述光致抗蚀剂层以图案方式暴露于活化辐射;以及
使所述暴露的光致抗蚀剂层显影以提供抗蚀剂浮雕图像,
所述底层涂料组合物包括一种聚合物,其包含:
包含由烷氧基羰基保护的氨基的第一重复单元;
包含亲核基团的第二重复单元;以及
包含可交联基团的第三重复单元,
其中所述第一重复单元、所述第二重复单元和所述第三重复单元彼此不同,
所述第一重复单元衍生自具有式(1)或(2)的单体:
其中,
Ra是氢、氟、取代或未取代的C1-5烷基、或取代或未取代的C1-5氟烷基;
每个Rk独立地是卤素、羟基、羧酸或酯、巯基、直链或支链的C1-20烷基、单环或多环的C3-20环烷基、单环或多环的C3-20氟环烯基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烷基、单环或多环的C6-20芳基、或单环或多环的C4-20杂芳基,其中的每一个是取代或未取代的;
A是单键或C1-2亚烷基;
R1、R2和R3各自独立地是直链或支链的C1-20烷基、单环或多环的C3-20环烷基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烷基、直链或支链的C2-20烯基、单环或多环的C3-20环烯基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烯基、单环或多环的C6-20芳基、或单环或多环的C4-20杂芳基,其中的每一个是取代或未取代的,并且R1、R2和R3中的任何两个任选地一起形成环;并且
n是0至11的整数,
其中,
Rb是氢、氟、取代或未取代的C1-5烷基、或取代或未取代的C1-5氟烷基;
L1是连接基团;并且
R4、R5和R6各自独立地是直链或支链的C1-20烷基、单环或多环的C3-20环烷基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烷基、直链或支链的C2-20烯基、单环或多环的C3-20环烯基、单环或多环的C3-20杂环烯基、单环或多环的C6-20芳基、或单环或多环的C4-20杂芳基,其中的每一个是取代或未取代的,并且R4、R5和R6中的任何两个任选地一起形成环,
所述第二重复单元衍生自具有式(3)的单体:
其中
Rc是氢、氟、取代或未取代的C1-5烷基、或取代或未取代的C1-5氟烷基;
L2是取代或未取代的C1-30亚烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚环烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚杂环烷基、取代或未取代的C6-30亚芳基、取代或未取代的二价C7-30芳基烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚杂芳基、或取代或未取代的二价C4-30杂芳基烷基;并且
Z1是羟基、羧基、巯基、氨基或酰胺基,
所述第三重复单元衍生自具有式(4)的单体:
其中,
Rd是氢、氟、取代或未取代的C1-5烷基、或取代或未取代的C1-5氟烷基;
L3是单键、取代或未取代的C1-30亚烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚环烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚杂环烷基、取代或未取代的C6-30亚芳基、取代或未取代的二价C7-30芳基烷基、取代或未取代的C3-30亚杂芳基、或取代或未取代的二价C4-30杂芳基烷基;并且
Z2是环氧基或内酯,
所述聚合物包含:
5至60摩尔百分比的所述第一重复单元;
20至65摩尔百分比的所述第二重复单元;以及
20至65摩尔百分比的所述第三重复单元,
各自基于所述聚合物中的总重复单元的100摩尔百分比。
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JP6233240B2 (ja) * | 2013-09-26 | 2017-11-22 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | パターン形成方法 |
CN106094431B (zh) * | 2015-04-30 | 2020-06-26 | 罗门哈斯电子材料韩国有限公司 | 光致抗蚀剂组合物和方法 |
TWI672562B (zh) * | 2015-09-30 | 2019-09-21 | 南韓商羅門哈斯電子材料韓國公司 | 光致抗蝕劑組合物及方法 |
KR102361878B1 (ko) * | 2015-11-17 | 2022-02-11 | 닛산 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 레지스트 하층막 형성 조성물용 첨가제 및 이 첨가제를 포함하는 레지스트 하층막 형성 조성물 |
KR102446546B1 (ko) * | 2016-09-15 | 2022-09-23 | 닛산 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 레지스트 하층막 형성 조성물 |
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KR20210128920A (ko) | 2021-10-27 |
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JP7204803B2 (ja) | 2023-01-16 |
TW202146487A (zh) | 2021-12-16 |
US20210324122A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
US11567409B2 (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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