CN113526679A - Method for composite treatment of polluted water body by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof - Google Patents
Method for composite treatment of polluted water body by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113526679A CN113526679A CN202110926605.3A CN202110926605A CN113526679A CN 113526679 A CN113526679 A CN 113526679A CN 202110926605 A CN202110926605 A CN 202110926605A CN 113526679 A CN113526679 A CN 113526679A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for compositely treating polluted water by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof, which comprises the following steps: dissolving sodium hydroxide and urea in water, adding chitin into a mixed solution of the sodium hydroxide and the urea, and uniformly stirring; freezing the solution, taking out, continuously stirring uniformly, continuously freezing, taking out, stirring until the solution is dissolved, centrifuging the solution to obtain clear and transparent liquid, and storing the clear and transparent liquid; the hydrochloric acid solution was poured into the liquid obtained by the above centrifugation to neutralize. The invention can prepare the water-soluble chitosan solution with higher molecular weight, can ensure that the chitosan solution has higher efficiency on seawater eutrophication treatment by mixing with the marine algae liquid, and can more efficiently finish seawater purification treatment so as to be beneficial to ensuring the ecological balance of seawater, provide a good growing environment for aquatic animals and plants in the seawater and simultaneously contribute to improving the environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of eutrophic seawater treatment, in particular to a method for treating polluted water body by compounding algae and chitosan and derivatives thereof.
Background
The eutrophication of water body means that under the influence of human activities, a great amount of nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like required by organisms enter into slow-flow water bodies such as lakes, rivers, lakes, gulfs and the like, so that algae and other plankton are rapidly propagated, the dissolved oxygen amount of the water body is reduced, the water quality is deteriorated, and a great amount of fish and other organisms are killed. Under natural conditions, lakes also transition from a poor nutrient state to a rich nutrient state, but this natural process is very slow. The traditional eutrophic seawater treatment efficiency is low, and the eutrophic seawater cannot be purified in time, so that large-area marine environment pollution is caused, and the ecological disorder in the seawater is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for compositely treating polluted water by using algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for composite treatment of polluted water by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of chitin, 10-20 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5-10 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of hydrochloric acid solution, 50-70 parts of distilled water, 10-20 parts of acetic acid, 30-50 parts of marine algae liquid, 32-40 parts of clay and the balance of aqueous solution;
s2, dissolving sodium hydroxide and urea in water, adding chitin into a mixed solution of the sodium hydroxide and the urea, and uniformly stirring;
s3, freezing the solution, taking out the solution, continuously stirring the solution uniformly, continuously freezing the solution, taking out the solution, stirring the solution until the solution is dissolved, centrifuging the solution to obtain clear and transparent liquid, and storing the clear and transparent liquid;
s4, pouring the hydrochloric acid solution into the liquid obtained by centrifugation in the S3 for neutralization, pouring the neutralized solution into a dialysis bag, and dialyzing in distilled water;
s5, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration on the dialysate, carrying out freeze drying to obtain chitosan, adding the chitosan into a hydrochloric acid solution, stirring and dissolving, adding distilled water to a constant volume, and preparing to obtain a chitosan hydrochloric acid solution, wherein the concentration of the chitosan is 0.6-1.0 mg/L;
s6, taking marine algae (chlorella, oocyst algae, skeletonema costatum, chlorella, chaetoceros, etc.) in logarithmic growth phase, diluting with artificial seawater to prepare algae liquid with required concentration, adding chitosan hydrochloric acid solution, adjusting pH value of the algae liquid to 4-8 with acetic acid, and uniformly stirring with a stirring rod;
and S7, standing for a period of time after stirring is finished, and detecting the number and turbidity of algae cells.
Preferably, the clay is one of sepiolite, kaolin and diatomite, and the particle size of the clay is 20-40 meshes.
Preferably, the viscosity-average molecular weight of the chitin in S2 is 300000-360000.
Preferably, the freezing temperature in S3 is-30 ℃, and the primary freezing time is 2 h.
Preferably, the preservation temperature in S3 is 4 ℃ and the preservation time is 6-8 d.
Preferably, the dialysis bag in S4 has a molecular weight cut-off of 6000Da-8000Da and a dialysis time of 6-8d in distilled water.
Preferably, in the step S6, the mixture is rapidly stirred for 2 to 3 minutes at a rotating speed of 80 to 120r/min and then slowly stirred for 10 to 12 minutes at a rotating speed of 40 to 60 r/min.
Preferably, the chitosan-clay composite flocculant is prepared by the chitosan hydrochloric acid solution in step S5: and adding the chitosan hydrochloric acid solution into sepiolite, kaolin and diatomite for multiple times in small amount, and continuously stirring uniformly to form three different chitosan-clay composite flocculating agents.
Preferably, the steps S6 and S7 are repeated, the chitosan hydrochloric acid solution is changed into three different chitosan-clay composite flocculating agents, and the three different chitosan-clay composite flocculating agents are respectively added into the algae liquid for detection, wherein the concentration of the chitosan is 0.6-1.0mg/L, and the concentration of the clay is 10-15 mg/L.
According to the method for composite treatment of the polluted water body by the algae-chitosan and the derivatives thereof, the water-soluble chitosan solution with higher molecular weight can be prepared, the chitosan-clay composite flocculant is prepared by the chitosan hydrochloric acid solution to optimize the effect, the chitosan solution has higher efficiency on seawater eutrophication treatment by mixing with the algae solution, the seawater purification treatment is completed more efficiently, the ecological balance of seawater is ensured, a good growth environment is provided for aquatic animals and plants in the seawater, and the environmental protection is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
Example one
A method for composite treatment of polluted water by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of chitin, 10 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5 parts of urea, 10 parts of hydrochloric acid solution, 50 parts of distilled water, 10 parts of acetic acid, 30 parts of algae liquid and the balance of aqueous solution;
s2, dissolving sodium hydroxide and urea in water, adding chitin into a mixed solution of the sodium hydroxide and the urea, and uniformly stirring; chitin has a viscosity average molecular weight of 300000.
S3, freezing the solution, taking out the solution, continuously stirring the solution uniformly, continuously freezing the solution, taking out the solution, stirring the solution until the solution is dissolved, centrifuging the solution to obtain clear and transparent liquid, and storing the clear and transparent liquid; the freezing temperature was-30 ℃ and the primary freezing time was 2 hours, and the storage temperature in S3 was 4 ℃ and the storage time was 6 d.
S4, pouring the hydrochloric acid solution into the liquid obtained by centrifugation in the S3 for neutralization, pouring the neutralized solution into a dialysis bag, and dialyzing in distilled water; the dialysis bag had a molecular weight cut-off of 6000Da and a dialysis time of 6d in distilled water.
S5, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration on the dialysate, carrying out freeze drying to obtain chitosan, and then dissolving the chitosan in distilled water to prepare a chitosan solution, wherein the concentration of the chitosan is 0.8 mg/L;
s6, taking marine algae (chlorella, oocyst algae, skeletonema costatum, chlorella, chaetoceros, etc.) in logarithmic growth phase, diluting with artificial seawater to prepare algae liquid with required concentration, adding chitosan hydrochloric acid solution, adjusting pH value of the algae liquid to 6 by using acetic acid, and uniformly stirring by using a stirring rod; the mixture is stirred rapidly for 2 minutes at the rotating speed of 100r/min and then slowly for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 50 r/min.
And S7, standing for a period of time after stirring is finished, and detecting the number and turbidity of algae cells.
Example two
A method for composite treatment of polluted water by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of chitin, 15 parts of sodium hydroxide, 7 parts of urea, 15 parts of hydrochloric acid solution, 60 parts of distilled water, 15 parts of acetic acid, 40 parts of algae liquid, 32 parts of sepiolite and the balance of aqueous solution;
s2, dissolving sodium hydroxide and urea in water, adding chitin into a mixed solution of the sodium hydroxide and the urea, and uniformly stirring; chitin has a viscosity average molecular weight of 300000.
S3, freezing the solution, taking out the solution, continuously stirring the solution uniformly, continuously freezing the solution, taking out the solution, stirring the solution until the solution is dissolved, centrifuging the solution to obtain clear and transparent liquid, and storing the clear and transparent liquid; the freezing temperature was-30 ℃ and the primary freezing time was 2 hours, and the storage temperature in S3 was 4 ℃ and the storage time was 6 d.
S4, pouring the hydrochloric acid solution into the liquid obtained by centrifugation in the S3 for neutralization, pouring the neutralized solution into a dialysis bag, and dialyzing in distilled water; the dialysis bag had a molecular weight cut-off of 6000Da and a dialysis time of 6d in distilled water.
S5, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration on the dialysate, carrying out freeze drying to obtain chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in distilled water to prepare a chitosan solution, wherein the concentration of the chitosan is 0.8mg/L, and preparing the chitosan-clay composite flocculant by using a chitosan hydrochloric acid solution: adding chitosan hydrochloric acid solution into sepiolite for multiple times in small amount, and continuously stirring uniformly to form a chitosan-sepiolite composite flocculant;
s6, selecting marine algae (chlorella, oocyst algae, skeletonema costatum, chlorella, chaetoceros, etc.) in logarithmic growth phase, selecting the same algae in the above embodiment, diluting with artificial seawater to prepare algae liquid with required concentration, adding chitosan-sepiolite composite flocculant, adjusting pH value of the algae liquid to 6 with acetic acid, and uniformly stirring with a stirring rod; the mixture is stirred rapidly for 2 minutes at the rotating speed of 100r/min and then slowly for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 50 r/min.
And S7, standing for a period of time after stirring is finished, and detecting the number and turbidity of algae cells.
EXAMPLE III
A method for composite treatment of polluted water by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of chitin, 15 parts of sodium hydroxide, 7 parts of urea, 15 parts of hydrochloric acid solution, 60 parts of distilled water, 15 parts of acetic acid, 40 parts of algae liquid, 32 parts of kaolin and the balance of aqueous solution;
s2, dissolving sodium hydroxide and urea in water, adding chitin into a mixed solution of the sodium hydroxide and the urea, and uniformly stirring; chitin has a viscosity average molecular weight of 300000.
S3, freezing the solution, taking out the solution, continuously stirring the solution uniformly, continuously freezing the solution, taking out the solution, stirring the solution until the solution is dissolved, centrifuging the solution to obtain clear and transparent liquid, and storing the clear and transparent liquid; the freezing temperature was-30 ℃ and the primary freezing time was 2 hours, and the storage temperature in S3 was 4 ℃ and the storage time was 6 d.
S4, pouring the hydrochloric acid solution into the liquid obtained by centrifugation in the S3 for neutralization, pouring the neutralized solution into a dialysis bag, and dialyzing in distilled water; the dialysis bag had a molecular weight cut-off of 6000Da and a dialysis time of 6d in distilled water.
S5, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration on the dialysate, carrying out freeze drying to obtain chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in distilled water to prepare a chitosan solution, wherein the concentration of the chitosan is 0.8mg/L, and preparing the chitosan-clay composite flocculant by using a chitosan hydrochloric acid solution: adding chitosan hydrochloric acid solution into kaolin for multiple times in small amount, and continuously stirring uniformly to form a chitosan-kaolin composite flocculant;
s6, selecting marine algae (chlorella, oocyst algae, skeletonema costatum, chlorella, chaetoceros, etc.) in logarithmic growth phase, selecting the same algae in the above embodiment, diluting with artificial seawater to prepare algae liquid with required concentration, adding chitosan-kaolin composite flocculant, adjusting pH value of the algae liquid to 6 with acetic acid, and uniformly stirring with a stirring rod; the mixture is stirred rapidly for 2 minutes at the rotating speed of 100r/min and then slowly for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 50 r/min.
And S7, standing for a period of time after stirring is finished, and detecting the number and turbidity of algae cells.
Example four
A method for composite treatment of polluted water by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of chitin, 15 parts of sodium hydroxide, 7 parts of urea, 15 parts of hydrochloric acid solution, 60 parts of distilled water, 15 parts of acetic acid, 40 parts of algae liquid, 32 parts of diatomite and the balance of aqueous solution;
s2, dissolving sodium hydroxide and urea in water, adding chitin into a mixed solution of the sodium hydroxide and the urea, and uniformly stirring; chitin has a viscosity average molecular weight of 300000.
S3, freezing the solution, taking out the solution, continuously stirring the solution uniformly, continuously freezing the solution, taking out the solution, stirring the solution until the solution is dissolved, centrifuging the solution to obtain clear and transparent liquid, and storing the clear and transparent liquid; the freezing temperature was-30 ℃ and the primary freezing time was 2 hours, and the storage temperature in S3 was 4 ℃ and the storage time was 6 d.
S4, pouring the hydrochloric acid solution into the liquid obtained by centrifugation in the S3 for neutralization, pouring the neutralized solution into a dialysis bag, and dialyzing in distilled water; the dialysis bag had a molecular weight cut-off of 6000Da and a dialysis time of 6d in distilled water.
S5, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration on the dialysate, carrying out freeze drying to obtain chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in distilled water to prepare a chitosan solution, wherein the concentration of the chitosan is 0.8mg/L, and preparing the chitosan-clay composite flocculant by using a chitosan hydrochloric acid solution: adding chitosan hydrochloric acid solution into diatomite for multiple times in small amount, and continuously stirring uniformly to form a chitosan-diatomite composite flocculant;
s6, selecting marine algae (chlorella, oocyst algae, skeletonema costatum, chlorella, chaetoceros, etc.) in logarithmic growth phase, selecting the same algae as in the previous embodiment, diluting with artificial seawater to prepare algae liquid with required concentration, adding chitosan-diatomite composite flocculant, adjusting the pH value of the algae liquid to be within 6 by using acetic acid, and uniformly stirring by using a stirring rod; the mixture is stirred rapidly for 2 minutes at the rotating speed of 100r/min and then slowly for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 50 r/min.
And S7, standing for a period of time after stirring is finished, and detecting the number and turbidity of algae cells.
The four different groups of chitosan hydrochloric acid solution, chitosan-sepiolite composite flocculant, chitosan-kaolin composite flocculant and chitosan-diatomite composite flocculant are used for carrying out water purification treatment on eutrophic seawater, and the removal rate of the algae cells and turbidity of the detected algae liquid by adding different treatment liquids is detected, so that the following results are obtained:
TABLE 1 comparison table of algae cell and turbidity removal rate of different treatment solutions to detected algae solution
| Examples | A | II | III | Fourthly |
| Concentration of chitosan | 0.8mg/L | 0.8mg/L | 0.8mg/L | 0.8mg/L |
| Sepiolite concentration | / | 15mg/L | / | / |
| Concentration of Kaolin | / | / | 15mg/L | / |
| Diatomaceous earth concentration | / | / | / | 15mg/L |
| Algal cell removal rate | 72.3％ | 96.3％ | 84.6％ | 78.2％ |
| Turbidity removal rate | 57.5％ | 87.2％ | 79.8％ | 78.2％ |
In conclusion, the method for treating polluted water by combining algae and chitosan and derivatives thereof provided by the invention has the advantages that the chitosan-sepiolite composite flocculant is adopted to perform purification treatment on eutrophic seawater, and the effect of purifying the eutrophic seawater can be achieved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for composite treatment of polluted water by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of chitin, 10-20 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5-10 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of hydrochloric acid solution, 50-70 parts of distilled water, 10-20 parts of acetic acid, 30-50 parts of marine algae liquid, 32-40 parts of clay and the balance of aqueous solution;
s2, dissolving sodium hydroxide and urea in water, adding chitin into a mixed solution of the sodium hydroxide and the urea, and uniformly stirring;
s3, freezing the solution, taking out the solution, continuously stirring the solution uniformly, continuously freezing the solution, taking out the solution, stirring the solution until the solution is dissolved, centrifuging the solution to obtain clear and transparent liquid, and storing the clear and transparent liquid;
s4, pouring the hydrochloric acid solution into the liquid obtained by centrifugation in the S3 for neutralization, pouring the neutralized solution into a dialysis bag, and dialyzing in distilled water;
s5, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration on the dialysate, carrying out freeze drying to obtain chitosan, adding the chitosan into a hydrochloric acid solution, stirring and dissolving, adding distilled water to a constant volume, and preparing to obtain a chitosan hydrochloric acid solution, wherein the concentration of the chitosan is 0.6-1.0 mg/L;
s6, taking marine algae in logarithmic growth phase, including chlorella, oocyst algae, skeletonema costatum, chlorella, chaetoceros or other algae, diluting with artificial seawater to prepare algae liquid with required concentration, adding chitosan hydrochloric acid solution, adjusting pH value of the algae liquid to 4-8 with acetic acid, and uniformly stirring with a stirring rod;
and S7, standing for a period of time after stirring is finished, and detecting the number and turbidity of algae cells.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clay is sepiolite, kaolin, or diatomaceous earth, and has a particle size of 20-40 mesh.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the viscosity-average molecular weight of the chitin in S2 is 300000-360000.
4. The method for composite treatment of polluted water by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the freezing temperature in S3 is-30 ℃ and the primary freezing time is 2 h.
5. The method for composite treatment of polluted water by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preservation temperature in S3 is 4 ℃ and the preservation time is 6-8 d.
6. The method for composite treatment of polluted water by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cut-off molecular weight of the dialysis bag in S4 is 6000Da-8000Da, and the dialysis time in distilled water is 6-8 d.
7. The method for composite treatment of polluted water by algae-chitosan and derivatives thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S6, stirring is performed at a high speed of 80-120r/min for 2-3 minutes, and then at a low speed of 40-60r/min for 10-12 minutes.
8. The method for composite treatment of polluted water according to claim 1, wherein the chitosan-clay composite flocculant is prepared from chitosan hydrochloride solution in step S5: and adding the chitosan hydrochloric acid solution into sepiolite, kaolin and diatomite for multiple times in small amount, and continuously stirring uniformly to form three different chitosan-clay composite flocculating agents.
9. The method for composite treatment of polluted water according to claim 8, wherein the steps S6 and S7 are repeated, and the chitosan hydrochloric acid solution is replaced by three different chitosan-clay composite flocculants which are respectively added into the algae liquid for detection, wherein the chitosan concentration is 0.6-1.0mg/L and the clay concentration is 10-15 mg/L.
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Application publication date: 20211022 |