CN110040834A - A kind of all natural composite flocculation agent and its application of asepsis environment-protecting - Google Patents
A kind of all natural composite flocculation agent and its application of asepsis environment-protecting Download PDFInfo
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- CN110040834A CN110040834A CN201910330244.9A CN201910330244A CN110040834A CN 110040834 A CN110040834 A CN 110040834A CN 201910330244 A CN201910330244 A CN 201910330244A CN 110040834 A CN110040834 A CN 110040834A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of all natural composite flocculation agents of asepsis environment-protecting, wherein, the composite flocculation agent be solid union flocculant that the chitosan of 20%-40%, the citric acid of 15%-30%, the ethanedioic acid less than 20%, the sodium diacelate of 30-60% and 1%-5% guar gum are formulated by mass percent.The present invention provides a kind of application of above-mentioned composite flocculation agent.Each component synergistic effect in composite flocculation agent according to the present invention, shows good flocculating property.Moreover, composite flocculation agent according to the present invention is solid-state form, used in 1 year be configured to after liquid composite flocculation agent, effect will not decline, consequently facilitating transport and long-term preservation, solve the problems, such as that common flocculant polyacrylamide degradation is fireballing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coagulant precipitation, relates more specifically to a kind of all natural composite flocculation agent of asepsis environment-protecting and its answer
With.
Background technique
Chitin is also referred to as chitin (chitin), chitin, and scientific name is the Portugal β-(Isosorbide-5-Nitrae) -2- acetylaminohydroxyphenylarsonic acid 2- deoxidation-D-
Grape sugar, molecular formula are (C8H13NO5) n, it is derived from the shell of oceanic invertebrate, the outer cutin of fungal cell wall and insect
A kind of natural polymers of layer and endocuticle, it belongs to glycosaminoglycan.Crust is known as α, three kinds of crystal forms of beta, gamma.Due to
Strong hydrogen bond action between macromolecular causes chitin to become a kind of structural material of protection biology, and crystal structure is firm, generally not
Fusing, is also insoluble in general organic solvent and soda acid, chemical property is highly stable, and application is limited.Chitin structural formula is as follows
It is shown:
Chitosan is also referred to as chitosan (chitosan), it is heated under alkaline condition by chitin, sloughs N- acetyl
It is generated after base.Its scientific name is β-(Isosorbide-5-Nitrae) -2-amino-2-deoxy-D-Glucose.Chitosan appearance is white or faint yellow
Translucent solid, slightly pearly luster.Chitosan structure formula is as follows:
Chitin is produced by shrimp, crab shell, the brief process of chitosan includes: that shrimp or crab shell-decalcification-take off albumen-chitin-
Deacylation base-chitosan.If chitin, which sloughs the acetyl group in molecule, can be converted into chitosan.Chitosan, chitosan due to
There are a large amount of amino in its macromolecular structure, to substantially improve the dissolubility and chemical activity of chitin, therefore in work
There is extremely extensive purposes in the fields such as industry, agricultural, medicine, cosmetics, environmental protection, water process.Not because of raw material and preparation method
Together, molecular weight is also differed from hundreds of thousands of to millions of, and not soluble in water and aqueous slkali dissolves in the inorganic acids such as dilute hydrochloric acid, nitric acid
With most of organic acids, insoluble in dilute sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid.Simultaneously in diluted acid, the main chain of chitosan will be slow hydrolysis, and solution is glutinous
Degree can gradually decrease.
Chitosan is a kind of natural polymer, by the chitin deacetylation system of the crustaceans such as shrimp, crab and insect, algae
, the alkaline polysaccharide that chitosan is made of aminoglucose and N- second phthalidyl aminoglucose has biological compatibility, biodegradable
The good natures such as property, adsorptivity and nontoxicity.Have in chitosan macromolecular and exists between stable cyclic structure and macromolecular
Strong hydrogen bond action, molecular structure are in close crystalline state shape, and it is very poor to be allowed to solubility property, cannot be directly dissolved in water and mostly
The characteristics of number organic solvent, constrains the use in environmental protection industry (epi).
Present environmental requirement is more and more tighter, and coagulant precipitation is widely used as an irreplaceable treatment process.It is mixed
Solidifying sedimenting system is made of coagulation and the two processes of flocculating, wherein coagulation generally instigates de- steady, demulsification the mistake of object processed
Journey, and flocculate and refer to the process of using water soluble polymer accelerating solid and liquid separation.In coagulant precipitation system,
Coagulant plays very crucial coagulation, and flocculant plays very crucial flocculation.Specifically, it suspends in water
Particle partial size it is small to a certain extent when, the energy of Brownian movement is enough to prevent the effect of gravity, and particle is made not sink
Drop.This suspension can keep stable state for a long time.Moreover, (often negative electricity) is often charged on suspended particulate surface,
The repulsion of intergranular like charges make particle be not easy merge become larger, to increase the stability of suspension.Coagulation process is exactly to add
Enter positively charged coagulant to go to neutralize the negative electricity of particle surface, makes particle " de- steady ".Then, it is inhaled between particle by collision, surface
It the effects of attached, Van der Waals force, is combined with each other and becomes larger, in favor of being separated from the water.Coagulant is that molecular weight is low and positive electricity is close
High water-soluble polymer is spent, majority is liquid.They are divided into inorganic and organic two major classes.Inorganic coagulant is mainly aluminium, iron
Salt and its polymer.Flocculation process is exactly the mistake that the macromolecular chain of polymer is built bridge between the particle and particle of suspension
Journey.Bridge formation be exactly on polymer molecule different segments be adsorbed on variable grain, promotion particle and particle aggregation.Flocculant is to have
Machine polymer, most molecular weight are higher, and have specific electrically (ionic) and charge density (ion degree).Flocculant passes through certainly
The polar group or ionic group of body and particle form hydrogen bond or ion pair, in addition Van der Waals force and be adsorbed in particle surface, in matter
Bridging is carried out between point to form bulky flocculent deposit and separate with aqueous solution.
Now common coagulant (such as aluminium chloride PAC/ bodied ferric sulfate PFS) and flocculant (such as polyacrylamide
PAM) with the use of will increase salinity, it is inevitably present the possibility of secondary pollution, molysite, aluminium salt class inorganic flocculating agent have
The advantages that usage is simple, mature production technology, but that there are flocculating effects is poor, dosage is big, sludge output is big, easily causes secondary pollution etc.
Disadvantage.In some special occasions, as after flocculating setting isolate for compost, organic fertilizer or the slurry treatment of construction site or
Fish pond water process etc. cannot achieve.
High polymer coagulant polyacrylamide is now commonly used, containing micro acrylamide monomer, acrylamide is carcinogenic in 2 classes
In object inventory, Ying Shiliang or use with caution in drinking water, natural water.Moreover, flocculant polyacrylamide is preparing
After need to use as early as possible, because it can degrade automatically in a natural environment, viscosity and molecular weight decline to a great extent, and two weeks basic can not to reach
To expected using effect.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as it is above-mentioned it is of the existing technology will lead to secondary pollution, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of nontoxic
The all natural composite flocculation agent and its application of environmental protection.
The present invention provides a kind of all natural composite flocculation agent of asepsis environment-protecting, wherein the composite flocculation agent is by quality
Percentage is the oxalic acid of the chitosan of 20%-40%, the citric acid of 15%-30%, the ethanedioic acid less than 20%, 30-60%
The solid union flocculant that sodium and 1%-5% guar gum are formulated.
Each component in composite flocculation agent according to the present invention acts synergistically, and is dispersed with a large amount of trip in chitosan molecule chain
From hydroxyl and amino with a large amount of positive charge to have the characteristics of cationic polyelectrolyte, make it can be with as flocculant
Charge neutrality effect and microorganism are passed through by complexing, with negatively charged suspended particulate to the heavy metal ion in water body
Pollutant shows good flocculating property by a series of different roles；The glycosidic bond of chitosan is unstable to acid half
The cooperation of ethylidene ether structure, citric acid and sodium diacelate can be such that chitosan dissolves through mechanical stirring through dozens of minutes in water, i.e.,
Accelerate its dissolved efficiency under the synergistic function of sodium diacelate；Since ethanedioic acid is liquid at 16.6 degree or so,
Compounding solid union flocculant should be ensured that the mass percent of ethanedioic acid less than 20%；Guar gum is a kind of cation water-soluble
High molecular polymer is the natural material of plant extract, uses usually as thickener, identical as cellulosic structure, is being flocculated
It is used cooperatively in the process with chitosan, plays synergistic function, bridge formation ability and charge neutrality ability can be enhanced, make wadding body more
Greatly, flocculation rate is more preferable, and mud-water separation effect is more preferable.Moreover, composite flocculation agent according to the present invention is solid-state form, preparing
At using in 1 year after liquid composite flocculation agent, effect will not decline, consequently facilitating transport and long-term preservation, solve common
The fireballing problem of flocculant polyacrylamide degradation.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the chitosan is between -200 ten thousand dalton of 20000 dalton.If molecular weight is too
Low, viscosity is lower, cohesiveness is poor after chitosan dissolution, and flocculating effect is bad；If molecular weight is too high, the more difficult system of chitosan
It is standby, higher cost.Preferably, by by the functional group-NHCOCH of chitin3Deacetylation (- COCH3) after leave behind amino (-
NH2) functional group prepares the chitosan.Preferably, deacetylated mass percent be 55-95%, that is, removed acetyl group (-
COCH3) the de- ratio of the total chitin of chitin Zhan be 55-95%.Therefore, natural polymer chitosan according to the present invention
Raw material sources are very extensive, and the content of precursor chitin in nature is only second to cellulose.
The present invention provides a kind of application of above-mentioned composite flocculation agent, wherein the solid union flocculant puts into waste water
Middle carry out wastewater treatment.So that suspended matter (such as insoluble substance, particle, larger molecular organics protein, oil in waste water
Rouge, colloid) build bridge and is reacted with charge neutrality, the insoluble wadding body etc. being easily separated from water is generated, keeps pollutant quick with waste water
Separation, achievees the purpose that processing.Preferably, it is stirred to obtain liquid composite flocculation agent in solid union flocculant investment water
It puts into again afterwards and carries out wastewater treatment in waste water.Specifically, solid union flocculant of the invention is configured by specific composition, can be with
It is quickly and easily dissolved in the water, realizes when need to use with with matching as other flocculants, it can be widely
Applied to sewage disposal system.Preferably, it is stirred after solid union flocculant being put into water with pony mixer.One
In a preferred embodiment, the revolving speed of blender is 80 revs/min (i.e. 80rpm), and mixing time is 30 minutes.Preferably, will
1g-20g solid union flocculant, which is dissolved in the water of 100ml, is stirred to obtain liquid composite flocculation agent.Thus obtained liquid
The viscosity of composite flocculation agent is between 800cps-8000cps.Preferably, the amount of liquid of liquid composite flocculation agent presses 0.1ml/l-
10ml/l (can also be expressed as 0.1g/ml-10g/ml) dosage adds in waste water.The density of liquid composite flocculation agent is
1g/ml, if adding concentration with the effective ingredient of solid union flocculant to calculate, for 1-2000mg/l.Preferably implementing
In example, which is 3mg/l-40mg/l.It should be understood that the solid union flocculant can also be not soluble in water and directly with solid-state
It puts into waste water and is handled.
The chitosan of composite flocculation agent according to the present invention due to hydroxyl, amino and other groups in molecule presence, it is right
Many metal ions have chelation, so can effectively adsorb or trapping solution in heavy metal ion, formed stable
Chelate.Amido in chitosan molecule easily forms amine cation, has good chelation to many transition metal, can use
The heavy metal ion such as copper, cadmium, mercury, zinc, chromium in removal waste water.Specifically, chitosan and metal ion can pass through ion
Three kinds of exchange, absorption, chelating forms combine.
Preferably, the application include first coagulant is put into, then again by liquid composite flocculation agent put into waste water into
Row wastewater treatment.Preferably, the coagulant is modified starch or xanthan gum or pectin or other natural components, to be used for river
Pollutant flocculation, construction site slurry treatment, can be used for swimming pool, hydrotherapy center, boat paradise, hot water bathing pool or
In bathtub.
Make practice have shown that composite flocculation agent according to the present invention can play flocculation well in multiple water treatment occasion
With, at the same can or organic coagulants inorganic with multiclass (such as polyacrylamide) be used cooperatively, tool has been widely used, such as
It can be used for cultivating wastewater purification, the slurry treatment of construction site, the coagulant precipitation of sewage, heavy metals removal, soil in sewage
Pollutant in reparation is fixed, the algae in the chemicals substitution in the chemistry exploitation during oil exploitation, river is handled etc..
The present invention also provides a kind of applications of above-mentioned composite flocculation agent, wherein the solid union flocculant is put into water
It is stirred to obtain after liquid composite flocculation agent to put into soil and be administered.Preferably, carboxyl and amino contained by chitosan
Group is hydrophilic radical, has stronger hygroscopicity, therefore the liquid composite flocculation agent can be used as sludge dehydrating agent.It is existing
It is not high only with polyacrylamide PAM dehydration efficiency in dewatering technology of mud, about 70-75%, or using ferric trichloride, lime or
The chemicals such as cement can improve dehydration efficiency, but have the risk for increasing pollutant and secondary pollution, and application according to the present invention,
Composite flocculation agent or with a small amount of polyacrylamide PAM with the use of dehydration efficiency can be substantially improved, moisture percentage in sewage sludge can be down to
55-65%.Preferably, chitosan has good suction-operated to heavy metal, therefore the liquid composite flocculation agent can be used for
In soil remediation technique, fixed function is played to the heavy metal in soil and effectively improves organic contamination, soil is changed
It is good.
In short, composite flocculation agent according to the present invention, is all natural high molecular material, pure biology is extracted, and not will cause two
Secondary pollution, heavy metal free, without carcinogenic substance, without venomous injurant, can be used for running water system, if for lake river realize wad a quilt with cotton
The effect of retrogradation drop does not generate secondary pollution, unharmful substance, does not generate adverse effect to aquatile, instead to microorganism
Activity has facilitation, can be effectively improved water body self-purification ability, that is, have environmental-friendly characteristic, the substance with recovery value
Isolate can be used for compost, organic fertilizer etc. after flocculating setting；After the slime water separation of construction site water can direct recharge, mud can be with
Directly backfill is without polluting；Composite flocculation agent provided by the invention can be used in the cultivation waters such as fish pond, can effectively reduce suspension
Object, nitrite without influence aquatic products, while can go removing heavy metals (such as lead, cadmium, barium, iron, nickel, vanadium, copper, aluminium, zinc,
Manganese, chromium, cobalt etc.).
Specific embodiment
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is given below, and is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 30 grams of chitosans, 29 grams of citric acids, 5 grams of ethanedioic acids, 35g oxalic acid
Sodium, 1 gram of guar gum arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 5000ml water,
With pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation agent that can be used.
As a comparison, individually take 30 grams of chitosans, put into 5000ml water, with pony mixer, revolving speed be adjusted to 80 turns/
Minute, it stirs 24 hours, chitosan is still separated from water, and is had no and is completely dissolved, it can be seen that the chitosan without compounding is individually thrown
Entering in water cannot dissolve and not be available.
Flocculating effect: certain aircraft engine maintenance factory Sewage Disposal waste water raw water, COD (COD) are
1200mg/L, suspended matter (SS) are 200mg/l, 500 times of coloration, first add 80mg/l aluminium chloride, 160 revs/min of revolving speed are stirred
It mixes 30 minutes, then adds 5mg/l composite flocculation agent, 60 revs/min of revolving speed are stirred 30 minutes, after sedimentation basin separates, supernatant is taken,
COD is 900mg/L, SS 15mg/l, 10 times of coloration.Obviously, SS, COD of waste water after processing and coloration decline to a great extent,
Desired effect is reached.
Embodiment 2
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 40 grams of chitosans, 15 grams of citric acids, 10 grams of ethanedioic acids, 30g oxalic acid
Sodium, 5 grams of guar gums arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 5000ml water,
With pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation agent one that can be used.
As a comparison, composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 40 grams of chitosans, 25 grams of citric acids, 0 gram of ethanedioic acid,
30 grams of sodium diacelates, 5 grams of guar gums arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into
In 5000ml water, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get multiple to the liquid that can be used
Close flocculant two.
As a comparison, composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 35 grams of chitosans, 30 grams of citric acids, 0 gram of ethanedioic acid,
30 grams of sodium diacelates, 5 grams of guar gums arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into
In 5000ml water, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get multiple to the liquid that can be used
Close flocculant three.
As a comparison, composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 39 grams of chitosans, 30 grams of citric acids, 0 gram of ethanedioic acid,
30 grams of sodium diacelates, 1 gram of guar gum arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into
In 5000ml water, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get multiple to the liquid that can be used
Close flocculant four.
Flocculating effect: certain coating factory Sewage Disposal emulsifying liquid waste water, COD 20000mg/L, SS 800mg/l, coloration
12000 times, four beaker 1000ml waste water is taken first to add 300mg/l aluminium chloride, 160 revs/min of revolving speed stirrings 30 respectively respectively
Minute, then add 40mg/l composite flocculation agent one, 40mg/l composite flocculation agent two, the compound wadding of 40mg/l respectively in four beakers
Solidifying agent three, 40mg/l composite flocculation agent four are all made of 60 revs/min of revolving speed and stir 30 minutes, after sedimentation basin separates, take supernatant
Liquid, COD are respectively 9000mg/L, 9500mg/L, 8800mg/L, 9800mg/L, SS be respectively 20mg/l, 22mg/l, 20mg/l,
24mg/l, coloration are respectively 10 times, 10 times, 8 times, 10 times.Obviously, waste water SS, COD after processing and coloration substantially under
Drop, has reached desired effect.
Embodiment 3
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 20 grams of chitosans, 15 grams of citric acids, 0 gram of ethanedioic acid, 60g oxalic acid
Sodium, 5 grams of guar gums arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 5000ml water,
With pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation agent that can be used.
Flocculating effect: picking up from river water turbidity 20NTU of the May containing a large amount of green algas, first adds the flocculation of 30mg/l modified starch
Agent, 160 revs/min of revolving speed are stirred 10 minutes, then add 15mg/l composite flocculation agent (in terms of solid content), 60 revs/min of revolving speed stirrings
10 minutes, after sedimentation basin separates, green alga was deposited in bottom, and supernatant fluid turbidity 1NTU has reached desired effect.
Embodiment 4
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 40 grams of chitosans, 29 grams of citric acids, 0 gram of ethanedioic acid, 30 grams of oxalic acid
Sodium, 1 gram of guar gum arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 10000ml water,
With pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation agent that can be used.
Flocculating effect: the water in the shrimp pool of cultivation white shrimp, NO are picked up from2For 100mg/L, SS 800mg/l, turbidity 20NTU,
30mg/l modified starch flocculant is first added, 160 revs/min of revolving speed are stirred 10 minutes, then add 3mg/l composite flocculation agent, revolving speed
60 revs/min are stirred 10 minutes, after sedimentation basin separates, take supernatant, NO2For 50mg/L, SS 10mg/l, turbidity 5NTU.It is aobvious
So, waste water SS, NO2, turbidity after processing declines to a great extent, and has reached desired effect.
Embodiment 5
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 40 grams of chitosans, 15 grams of citric acids, 14 grams of ethanedioic acids, 30 grams of diethyls
Sour sodium, 1 gram of guar gum arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 5000ml water
In, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation that can be used
Agent.
Flocculating effect: picking up from the slime water of construction site, and SS 1000mg/l first adds the flocculation of 30mg/l modified starch
Agent, 160 revs/min of revolving speed are stirred 10 minutes, then add 15mg/l composite flocculation agent, and 60 revs/min of revolving speed are stirred 10 minutes, through precipitating
After the separation of pond, supernatant, SS 10mg/l are taken.Obviously, waste water SS after processing declines to a great extent, and has reached desired effect.
Embodiment 6
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 20 grams of chitosans, 30 grams of citric acids, 15 grams of ethanedioic acids, 30 grams of diethyls
Sour sodium, 5 grams of guar gums arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 1000ml water
In, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation that can be used
Agent.
Flocculating effect: certain potato chips factory waste water system sludge dewatering link adds 40mg/l composite flocculation agent and enters sludge tune
Slot is managed, folded spiral shell dewaterer is directly entered, into after mud-water separation, solid content 20% is transported to organic fertilizer producer and carries out organic fertilizer life
It produces.Heavy metal free unharmful substance reaches organic fertilizer requirement.
Enter sludge conditioning slot compared to the polyacrylamide that adds in prior art, the present embodiment is in sludge conditioning slot
Biggish alumen ustum (i.e. wadding body) can be generated, to be conducive to mud-water separation.Specifically, the already known processes of polyacrylamide are added
By folded spiral shell dewaterer treated moisture percentage in sewage sludge about 83-85%, and the present embodiment is carried out using chitin composite flocculant
The technique of sludge conditioning improves dehydration efficiency through folded spiral shell dewaterer treated moisture percentage in sewage sludge about 80-81%.
Embodiment 7
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 20 grams of chitosans, 15 grams of citric acids, 4 grams of ethanedioic acids, 60 grams of oxalic acid
Sodium, 1 gram of guar gum arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 5000ml water,
With pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation agent that can be used.
Flocculating effect: certain river, NO2 -For 50mg/L, SS 20mg/l, turbidity 20NTU, 30mg/l modified starch is first added
Flocculant, then 8mg/l composite flocculation agent is added, it is opened 30 minutes, is added within one week once with assault boat, quality of river water greatly improves,
NO2For 10mg/L, SS 10mg/l, turbidity 5NTU.Natural macromolecular material provided by the present invention, pure biology are extracted without secondary
Pollution, heavy metal free are effectively improved water body self-purification ability for lake river, no carcinogenic substance, without venomous injurant.
Embodiment 8
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 20 grams of chitosans, 30 grams of citric acids, 19 grams of ethanedioic acids, 30 grams of acetic acid
Sodium, 1 gram of guar gum arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 5000ml water,
With pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation agent that can be used.
Flocculating effect: certain aircraft engine maintenance factory Sewage Disposal original uses polyacrylamide, but dosage is smaller, provides
1 ‰ PAM with 1 ton, but because its hydrolysis rate is very fast, is affected to using effect, cannot store for a long time for about 1 month, preceding
Effect is preferable within two weeks, and rear two weeks viscosity declines to a great extent and can not play flocculation, and it is compound now to use the liquid prepared in upper ratio instead
Flocculant will not hydrolyze the short time, can keep its long-term effect, place the long period as reused after 1 month, performance does not decline still
It can normal use.
Embodiment 9
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 35 grams of chitosans, 15 grams of citric acids, 19 grams of ethanedioic acids, 30 grams of diethyls
Sour sodium, 1 gram of guar gum arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 5000ml water
In, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation that can be used
Agent.
In addition, taking in 5 grams of non-ionic polyacrylamide investment 5000ml water, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80
Rev/min, 30 minutes are stirred to get to the liquid polypropylene amide flocculant that can be used.
Flocculating effect: certain landfill leachate treatment project sludge dewatering link is added using sheet frame sludge dewatering equipment
30mg/l liquid polypropylene amide flocculant, while adding 30mg/l chitin composite flocculant and entering sludge conditioning slot, through dirt
Enter sheet frame sludge dewatering equipment after mud conditioning to be dehydrated, dehydrated sludge moisture content can be down to 65% hereinafter, relative to other dirts
Mud flocculant or chemicals performance are especially prominent, such as the project single use polyacrylamide flocculant dehydrated sludge moisture content
It is only capable of reaching 70% or so.
Obviously, composite flocculation agent of the invention and polyacrylamide are imitated with the use of available better Treatment of Sludge
Fruit can obtain higher dewatering rate.
Embodiment 10
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 40 grams of chitosans, 15 grams of citric acids, 0 gram of ethanedioic acid, 44 grams of oxalic acid
Sodium, 1 gram of guar gum arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 5000ml water,
With pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation agent that can be used.
Flocculating effect: certain electroplate factory's electroplating wastewater, Cu2-For 22mg/L, Zn2-For 31mg/l, Ni-For 1.2mg/l, first add
60mg/lCaCl2, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 160 revs/min, stirs 10 minutes, then add 4mg/l composite flocculation
Agent, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, and stirring after ten minutes, precipitates 10 minutes, supernatant is taken to be analyzed,
Cu2-For 0.15mg/L, Zn2-For 0.22mg/l, Ni-For 0.04mg/l, reach discharge standard.
Because heavy metal concentration is higher in the present embodiment, relatively inexpensive chemicals CaCl is first added2, by most of heavy metal
It first removes, recycles the absorption, trapping, chelant ability of chitosan, heavy metal is further removed, and heavy metal amount is made to reach non-
Often low value.If only adding 60mg/lCaCl2, clear liquid Cu after mixing2-For 1.1mg/L, Zn2-For 5.6mg/l, Ni-For
Emission request is not achieved in 0.6mg/l.
Obviously, the present embodiment verifies removal effect of the composite flocculation agent to heavy metal, in chitosan molecule chain
Containing a large amount of amino, hydroxyl, there is chelating effect to many metal ions, can effectively adsorb or trapping solution in a huge sum of money
Belong to ion.
Embodiment 11
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 40 grams of chitosans, 15 grams of citric acids, 0 gram of ethanedioic acid, 40 grams of oxalic acid
Sodium, 5 grams of guar gums arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 5000ml water,
With pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation agent that can be used.
Flocculating effect: testing a pedotheque by lead contamination, and native soil sample analysis lead tolerance is
800mg/kg controls standard beyond state, liquid composite flocculation agent is added by 500ml per kilogram amount of soil, uses mechanical stirring device
It is mixed, is stirred 1 hour, be sufficiently mixed the two, soil after processing is monitored after 24 hours, measuring value is only
10mg/kg achieves the desired results.Specific metrology step includes: 1. to weigh pedotheque 1.00g to be put into clean 100mL tri-
In the bottle of angle, adds several wettings of dripping, sequentially add the 5.0mL concentrated sulfuric acid and 1mL perchloric acid, gently shake up that (it is small that bottleneck can put a curved neck
Funnel).2. heating about 20 minutes on electric furnace (if solution colour is still that black or brown can continue to add again plus after 10 drop perchloric acid
Heat) digestion to solution becomes white or canescence, and it is cooling.3. finally the solution in triangular flask is all nondestructively turned with distilled water
50mL volumetric flask is moved to, scale is settled to, is the sample prepare liquid of measurement lead, arsenic, chromium, four heavy metal species of cadmium after shaking up.It adopts
Heavy metal concentration can be obtained with spectrophotometry sample prepare liquid.
Obviously, it is fixed to the heavy metal in soil effective to demonstrate composite flocculation agent for the present embodiment.
Embodiment 12
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 31 grams of chitosans, 15 grams of citric acids, 19 grams of ethanedioic acids, 30 grams of diethyls
Sour sodium, 5 grams of guar gums arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 5000ml water
In, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation that can be used
Agent.
Flocculating effect: air-conditioning factory coating wastewater, main pollution is water paint, and COD 890mg/L, turbidity are
400mg/L, oil are 60mg/L, first add the PAC of 60mg/L, and with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 160 revs/min, stirring 20
Minute, then 4mg/l composite flocculation agent is added, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, and stirring after twenty minutes, precipitates
10 minutes, supernatant is taken to be analyzed, COD 440mg/L, turbidity 15mg/L, oil 2mg/L reach discharge standard.
Embodiment 13
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 20 grams of chitosans, 15 grams of citric acids, 19 grams of ethanedioic acids, 45 grams of diethyls
Sour sodium, 1 gram of guar gum arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 5000ml water
In, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation that can be used
Agent.
Flocculating effect: the landscape pond in certain park, NO2 -For 18mg/L, turbidity 20NTU, it is added directly the compound wadding of 1mg/l
Solidifying agent, is opened 30 minutes with assault boat, is sampled after 4 hours, and discovery water quality greatly improves, NO2 -For 10mg/L, turbidity 5NTU.This hair
Natural macromolecular material provided by bright, pure biology extract without secondary pollution, heavy metal free, are effectively improved water for lake river
Body self-purification capacity, no carcinogenic substance, without venomous injurant.
Embodiment 14
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 20 grams of chitosans, 15 grams of citric acids, 19 grams of ethanedioic acids, 41 grams of diethyls
Sour sodium, 5 grams of guar gums arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 10000ml water
In, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation that can be used
Agent.
Flocculating effect: rainwater early period of certain enterprise's storage tank zone, major pollutants are organic matter, grease stain, suspended matter etc., the water
COD is that 180mg/L, oil 20mg/L, SS80mg/L are added directly 3mg/l and are answered using the treatment process of " coagulation separation+sand filtration "
Flocculant is closed, 80 revs/min of stirrings, water quality greatly improves after processing, and COD is less than 60mg/L, oil is less than 5mg/L, SS and is less than
10mg/L reaches emission request.
Embodiment 15
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 20 grams of chitosans, 30 grams of citric acids, 0 gram of ethanedioic acid, 49 grams of oxalic acid
Sodium, 1 gram of guar gum arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 500ml water, use
Pony mixer, revolving speed are adjusted to 80 revs/min, stir 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation agent that can be used.
Flocculating effect: certain oil-containing wastewater, COD 1200mg/L, pH8.5mg/L, TDS1800mg/L are first added
The PAC of 150mg/L, 160 revs/min of revolving speed are stirred 20 minutes, then add 100mg/L composite flocculation agent, 60 revs/min of revolving speed stirrings 20
Minute, after processing, COD is less than 300mg/L, oil is less than 20mg/L, SS and is less than 10NTU less than 10mg/L, turbidity, after processing
Waste water enter RO film process unit and be further processed.Natural macromolecular material provided by the present invention is more effectively broken
Cream improves the recycling of crude oil, and treated waste water, finally can qualified discharge to subsequent RO film process.
Embodiment 16
Composite flocculation agent is prepared by following mass ratio: 20 grams of chitosans, 30 grams of citric acids, 0 gram of ethanedioic acid, 45 grams of oxalic acid
Sodium, 5 grams of guar gums arrive solid union flocculant after being sufficiently mixed, solid union flocculant are put into 5000ml water,
With pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, stirs 30 minutes to get to the liquid composite flocculation agent that can be used.
Flocculating effect: certain dyeing waste water waste water after secondary biochemical treatment, need to carry out in water return processing advanced treating, this is useless
Water is after coagulating treatment, into RO processing unit.Dyeing waste water waste water COD after secondary biochemical treatment is 126mg/L, coloration
90NTU, SS100mg/L first add the PAC of 40mg/L, and with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 160 revs/min, stir 20 points
Clock, then 4mg/l composite flocculation agent is added, with pony mixer, revolving speed is adjusted to 80 revs/min, and stirring after twenty minutes, precipitates 10
Minute, take supernatant to be analyzed, COD 68mg/L, turbidity 10mg/L, SS are this strand of water of 8mg/L after sand filtration or ultrafiltration
Into RO processing unit.Through natural macromolecular material provided by the present invention, the organic matter in waste water is further decreased, is reached
The water quality requirement for entering RO film reduces the pollution to RO film, while using natural macromolecular material provided by the present invention
It will not be reacted with chemical agents generations such as antisludging agents used in RO film and cause the damage to RO film.
Above-described, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, the range being not intended to limit the invention, of the invention is upper
Stating embodiment can also make a variety of changes.Made by i.e. all claims applied according to the present invention and description
Simply, equivalent changes and modifications fall within the claims of the invention patent.The not detailed description of the present invention is
Routine techniques content.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of all natural composite flocculation agent of asepsis environment-protecting, which is characterized in that the composite flocculation agent is by mass percent
For the chitosan of 20%-40%, the citric acid of 15%-30%, the ethanedioic acid less than 20%, 30-60% sodium diacelate and
The solid union flocculant that 1%-5% guar gum is formulated.
2. composite flocculation agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the molecular weight of the chitosan is between 20000 dongles
Between -200 ten thousand dalton of pausing.
3. a kind of application of composite flocculation agent described in any one of -2 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the solid union
Flocculant, which is put into, carries out wastewater treatment in waste water.
4. application according to claim 3, which is characterized in that be stirred to obtain in solid union flocculant investment water
It is put into again after liquid composite flocculation agent and carries out wastewater treatment in waste water.
5. application according to claim 4, which is characterized in that 1g-20g solid union flocculant is dissolved in the water of 100ml
In be stirred to obtain liquid composite flocculation agent.
6. application according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the amount of liquid of liquid composite flocculation agent presses 0.1ml/l-
10ml/l dosage adds in waste water.
7. application according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the application include by coagulant and liquid composite flocculation agent according to
Secondary put into carries out wastewater treatment in waste water.
8. application according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the application includes that other type flocculants and liquid are compound
Flocculant is used in compounding.
9. a kind of application of composite flocculation agent described in any one of -2 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the solid union
It is stirred to obtain in flocculant investment water after liquid composite flocculation agent to put into soil and be administered.
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| CN110479302A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-22 | 上海尚析环保设备有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of micropore iron carbon composite catalytic agent and thus obtained micropore iron carbon composite catalytic agent and its application |
| CN114230135A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-25 | 碳中和(山东)产业发展有限公司 | Sludge treatment and disposal technology |
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| CN105502617A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-04-20 | 江南大学 | Guar gum-chitosan natural flocculant and preparing method thereof |
| CN108569775A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-09-25 | 佛山市航祥千安科技有限公司 | A kind of water treatment composition and its application |
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| CN104891629A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2015-09-09 | 哈洛资源公司 | Preparation of solid-state blend containing chitosan and method |
| CN105502617A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-04-20 | 江南大学 | Guar gum-chitosan natural flocculant and preparing method thereof |
| CN108569775A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-09-25 | 佛山市航祥千安科技有限公司 | A kind of water treatment composition and its application |
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Application publication date: 20190723 |