CN113511815A - Cream-yellow glossy glaze for sanitary ceramics and preparation method of product thereof - Google Patents
Cream-yellow glossy glaze for sanitary ceramics and preparation method of product thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113511815A CN113511815A CN202110872839.4A CN202110872839A CN113511815A CN 113511815 A CN113511815 A CN 113511815A CN 202110872839 A CN202110872839 A CN 202110872839A CN 113511815 A CN113511815 A CN 113511815A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/20—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing titanium compounds; containing zirconium compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cream yellow gloss glaze for sanitary ceramics and a preparation method of a product thereof, wherein the cream yellow gloss glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: potassium feldspar, quartz powder, waste ceramic powder, calcite, kaolin, calcined zinc oxide, zirconium silicate, calcined talcum powder, 809 fusion cakes and praseodymium yellow pigment; the waste porcelain powder comprises the following chemical components: 63.50-65% SiO2、22‑24％Al2O3、1.04‑1.24％Fe2O3、0.18‑0.22％TiO2、0.96‑1.16％CaO、0.56‑0.86％MgO、2.36‑2.86％K2O、1.06‑1.36％Na2O and 0.44-0.64% of loss on ignition, the prepared milky yellow gloss glaze for the sanitary ceramics has the texture exactly like milk, gives soft and warm visual perception to people, is fine and smooth, does not lose personality, and is easy to clean.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic glaze, in particular to cream-yellow glossy glaze for sanitary ceramics and a preparation method of a product thereof.
Background
With the improvement of the quality of life of people, the pursuit of sanitary ceramic products is not only reflected in practical application, but also puts forward higher requirements on the aspect of ornamental value, and more users pursue the comfort of toilets and the matching of styles.
Most of the prior sanitary ware is zirconium opaque glaze, the glaze color is generally milky white, and the color is monotonous; and matt glaze and colored glaze, such as pure yellow glaze materials of lemon yellow, chicken oil yellow, soya bean yellow, rice yellow, Jiaohuang yellow, soy sauce yellow and the like, the presented color is darker, the color is very hard, the texture is hard when the ceramic glaze is used on sanitary ware, people feel cold, and the visual effect lacks warm texture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a creamy yellow gloss glaze for sanitary ceramics and a preparation method of a product thereof, the glaze of the product has creamy yellow gloss exactly like milk, is warm and soft, and solves the technical problems of monotonous glaze color and lack of warm texture of the sanitary ceramics in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the cream-yellow glossy glaze for the sanitary ceramics is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-25 parts of quartz powder, 15-25 parts of waste porcelain powder, 12-16 parts of calcite, 5-8 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of sintered zinc oxide, 4-8 parts of zirconium silicate, 2-5 parts of sintered talcum powder, 2-6 parts of 809 melt and 1.4-2.0 parts of praseodymium yellow pigment;
the waste porcelain powder comprises the following chemical components: 63.50-65% SiO2、22-24％Al2O3、1.04-1.24％Fe2O3、 0.18-0.22％TiO2、0.96-1.16％CaO、0.56-0.86％MgO、2.36-2.86％K2O、1.06-1.36％Na2O and 0.44-0.64% loss on ignition.
Specifically, the 809 fusion cake comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 63-65% SiO2、 11-13％Al2O3、0.05-0.08％Fe2O3、0.03-0.05％TiO2、8-9％CaO、1.0-1.5％MgO、 2.5-3.0％K2O、1.0-1.5％Na2O, ZnO of 7.5 to 8.0 percent and BaO of 0.5 to 1.0 percent, and the balance is ignition loss.
Preferably, the waste ceramic powder is prepared from ceramic waste in the production process, and the fineness of the waste ceramic powder is 80-140 meshes.
Further, quartz, kaolin, waste porcelain powder and other raw materials are added to control the silica-alumina ratio of the glaze to be between 7 and 10;
the melting length of the cream-yellow glossy glaze for the sanitary ceramics is 60-70 mm.
Further, the invention also provides a preparation method of the sanitary ceramic product containing the cream-yellow gloss glaze, which is used for preparing the cream-yellow gloss glaze for the sanitary ceramic product, and comprises the following steps:
s1), weighing the raw materials of the cream-yellow glossy glaze according to the mass parts: 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-25 parts of quartz powder, 15-25 parts of waste porcelain powder, 12-16 parts of calcite, 5-8 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 4-8 parts of zirconium silicate, 2-5 parts of calcined talcum powder, 2-6 parts of 809 fusion cake and 1.4-2.0 parts of praseodymium yellow pigment, adding the materials into a ball mill, adding water slurry, and uniformly mixing to prepare a mixed glaze;
s2) adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixed glaze, carrying out wet ball milling, and detecting and controlling the qualified particle fineness of the ball milling of the mixed glaze to prepare glaze slurry;
s3) screening the glaze slip through a screen mesh, carrying out first deironing screening, and then screening the glaze slip through the screen mesh, carrying out second deironing screening, so as to obtain deironing glaze slip;
s4) spraying the iron-removing glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic blank to prepare a glazed blank;
s5) putting the glazed green body into a tunnel kiln, heating to a firing temperature, and firing at one time to obtain the sanitary ceramic product containing the cream-yellow glossy glaze.
Specifically, in the step S1), the adding amount of the water is 40-45% of the total mass of the raw materials of the milk yellow luster glaze.
Preferably, in step S2), the adding amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.23-0.25% of the total mass of the mixed glaze, the ball milling time is 13-15h, and the particle fineness of the glaze slip is 68-75% of the total mass of the glaze slip with the particle size less than 10 μm.
Preferably, in step S3), the mesh openings of the first deironing sieve and the second deironing sieve are 180 meshes and 200 meshes, respectively.
Preferably, in step S4), the thickness of the glaze layer sprayed on the surface of the glazed body is 0.5-0.7 mm.
Preferably, in the step S5), the firing temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, and the firing time is 16-20 h.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the cream-yellow glaze for sanitary ceramics, the introduced waste porcelain powder is beneficial to forming an intermediate layer with better fusion property and larger thickness between the blank glazes, so that the expansion coefficient of the blank glazes is appropriate, the mutual adaptability of the blank glazes is improved, and the thermal stability of products is improved; the method comprises the steps of regulating and controlling the silica-alumina ratio range of glaze through the added raw materials such as quartz, kaolin, waste porcelain powder and the like to form the glossy glaze, controlling the silica-alumina ratio to be between 7 and 10, simultaneously using other raw materials in a matching way to enable the raw materials to be matched with each other and complement each other, optimizing the formula composition of the glaze, expanding the firing temperature range of the glaze, enabling the glaze effect to have very strong stability to form a glaze with good gloss, presenting the texture of the glaze exactly like milk, giving soft and warm visual perception to people, and being fine and smooth, free from personality loss and easy to clean.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a test sample of a cream-yellow glaze according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the description herein, references to the terms "embodiment," "example," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
A cream yellow gloss glaze for sanitary ceramics comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of long potassium stone, 15-25 parts of quartz powder, 15-25 parts of waste porcelain powder, 12-16 parts of calcite, 5-8 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of sintered zinc oxide, 4-8 parts of zirconium silicate, 2-5 parts of sintered talcum powder, 2-6 parts of 809 fusion cake and 1.4-2.0 parts of praseodymium yellow pigment;
the chemical composition of the waste porcelain powder is：63.50-65％SiO2、22-24％Al2O3、1.04-1.24％Fe2O3、 0.18-0.22％TiO2、0.96-1.16％CaO、0.56-0.86％MgO、2.36-2.86％K2O、 1.06-1.36％Na2O and 0.44-0.64% loss on ignition.
The creamy yellow glossy glaze for the sanitary ceramics has glaze surface texture similar to milk, gives soft and warm visual perception to people, is fine and smooth, does not lose personality, and is easy to clean.
The cream yellow glossy glaze for the sanitary ceramics takes Ca as a main fusing agent, has small viscosity and good fluidity in a high-temperature melting state, has good transparency, glossiness and elasticity of a glaze layer of a product, reasonable formula of glaze materials, smooth and flat glaze surface after firing, stable and pure color, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, pollution resistance, impact resistance and other properties, strong adaptability, simple used raw materials, easy realization of large-scale production, good surface gloss of the product, excellent decorative effect and individuality display.
The potassium feldspar has low melting temperature, so that the initial melting temperature of the glaze can be reduced, and the formation of the glossy glaze is facilitated; the introduced waste ceramic powder can replace partial feldspar and quartz, the oxidation reaction of all components in the waste ceramic powder is basically finished, the gas emission in the firing process is low, the density of a fired glaze layer can be increased, the hardness and the fineness of the glaze surface are obviously improved, the quality of the obtained gloss glaze is high, and the glaze surface has extremely low porosity, is bright and fine, can keep the stain resistance of the glaze material and has long-term stain resistance.
Calcite mainly contains CaO, so that the glossiness of the glaze surface can be improved, the transmittance can be improved, and anorthite crystals are easily separated out when the content is too high, so that the glaze surface is dull; the zinc oxide is a strong fluxing agent, plays a great role in improving the glossiness of the glaze, and when the content is more than 5%, glaze is easy to flow, crystallization can be caused, and the cost of the glaze is increased; the introduced burning talc provides a certain amount of magnesium, so that the sintering temperature range of the glaze can be expanded, and the proportion of calcium and magnesium in the glaze can be regulated and controlled; the calcium and the magnesium are used as high-temperature fluxing agents, and the proper proportion is beneficial to increasing glazeThe viscosity and the surface tension of the glaze melt during high-temperature melting enable the fluidity to reach the optimal state, and are beneficial to improving the smoothness and the flatness of the fired glaze surface, so that the glossiness of the glaze surface reaches the optimal state; introducing part of ZrSiO4The glaze has the functions of an opacifier, improves the covering power and whiteness of the glaze, and the residual zirconium particles and pigment particles interact with each other, so that the yellow color presented on the surface of the glaze is softer and more warm, has the milky glaze texture, is khaki without adding zirconium silicate, is cool and poor in texture, and can improve the wear resistance and hardness of a glaze layer due to the addition of zirconium; the kaolin contains a certain amount of aluminum which can be used as a suspending agent to ensure the stability of the glaze slip.
Because the chemical components of the waste porcelain powder and the blank body are similar, the introduced waste porcelain powder is beneficial to forming an intermediate layer with better fusion property and larger thickness between the blank glazes, so that the expansion coefficients of the blank glazes are appropriate, the mutual adaptability of the blank glazes is improved, and the thermal stability of the product is improved; the waste porcelain powder can also obviously improve the initial melting temperature of the glaze, expand the firing temperature range of the glaze, facilitate the discharge of gas in the firing process of the blank glaze, reduce the defects of air holes, pinholes, glaze bubbles and the like, improve the appearance quality of the glaze and facilitate the improvement of the glossiness of the glaze; because the waste porcelain powder is prepared by crushing a product which is sintered at high temperature, belongs to a ridge raw material, and the glaze shrinkage is small in the drying and sintering processes, the sintered product has less glaze shrinkage and high goodness.
Specifically, the 809 fusion cake comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 63-65% SiO2、 11-13％Al2O3、0.05-0.08％Fe2O3、0.03-0.05％TiO2、8-9％CaO、1.0-1.5％MgO、2.5-3.0％K2O、1.0-1.5％Na2O, ZnO of 7.5 to 8.0 percent and BaO of 0.5 to 1.0 percent, and the balance is ignition loss.
809 the frit can reduce the sintering temperature of the glaze, and because the frit also contains calcium and zinc, the oxide of calcium and zinc is used as the flux, and the glossiness of the glaze can be improved.
Preferably, the waste ceramic powder is prepared from ceramic waste in the production process, and the fineness of the waste ceramic powder is 80-140 meshes.
The waste porcelain powder belongs to industrial waste products, and when the waste porcelain powder is added into a formula for use, the pollution to the environment can be reduced, and the cost of glaze can be reduced.
The creamy yellow glaze for sanitary ceramics containing the waste porcelain powder with the fineness of 80-140 meshes has better fineness of the fired glaze, the waste porcelain powder with the granularity of more than 80 meshes is harder, the ball milling time is long, the production cost is increased, the mismatching of particle size is easily caused, the fired glaze is not dense, the quality of the glaze is poor, and the glaze is easy to present macroscopic particles. For example, the fineness of zirconium silicate is below 1 μm, and the original structure is destroyed after the grinding time is too long). The waste porcelain powder with the granularity less than 140 meshes needs extra crushing processing, has high manufacturing cost and causes quality waste.
Furthermore, the silica-alumina ratio of the glaze is controlled between 7 and 10 by raw materials such as quartz, kaolin, waste porcelain powder and the like.
The Si/Al ratio is SiO in the formula (also called glaze formula) calculated in the formulation design2With Al2O3The ratio of the number of moles of (a).
The melting length of the cream-yellow glossy glaze for the sanitary ceramics is 60-70 mm.
The cream yellow glossy glaze for the sanitary ceramics is formed by regulating and controlling the silica-alumina ratio range of glaze through quartz, kaolin or waste porcelain powder and the like; by optimizing the formula composition of the glaze, the sintering temperature range of the glaze is expanded, the glaze effect has strong stability, the silica-alumina ratio is controlled to be 7-10, and the glaze with good gloss can be formed by adopting the formula combination of quartz and calcite.
It is worth mentioning that the melting length of the cream-yellow lustrous glaze for sanitary ceramics according to the invention is determined by the high-temperature fluidity of the glaze: injecting a sample glaze slurry into a specific mould to prepare a cylindrical glaze strip with the diameter of 10mm, placing the cylindrical glaze strip in an oven for drying, weighing 4g of the glaze strip, adhering the glaze strip on a slope plate square brick with an angle of 45 degrees by using wet methyl, putting the slope plate square brick into a kiln for sintering, and measuring the length of the glaze strip after flowing downwards on the square brick after sintering, namely defining the length of the glaze strip as the melting length to represent the high-temperature fluidity of glaze.
If the melting length is too short, the high-temperature fluidity of the glaze is too poor, the glaze melt is difficult to spread on the surface of a blank at high temperature, a smooth and flat glaze cannot be obtained, and the glossiness is also poor; when the melting length is too long, the fluidity of the glaze melt at high temperature is too good, glaze flowing is easy to cause, and the glaze surface is not good in color and luster due to uneven thickness of the glaze surface after being fired. Therefore, the melt length is controlled in a proper range, so that the texture of the fired glaze can meet the expected requirement.
Further, the invention also provides a preparation method of the sanitary ceramic product containing the cream-yellow gloss glaze, which is used for preparing the cream-yellow gloss glaze for the sanitary ceramic product, and comprises the following steps:
s1), weighing the raw materials of the cream-yellow glossy glaze according to the mass parts: 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-25 parts of quartz powder, 15-25 parts of waste porcelain powder, 12-16 parts of calcite, 5-8 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 4-8 parts of zirconium silicate, 2-5 parts of calcined talcum powder, 2-6 parts of 809 fusion cake and 1.4-2.0 parts of praseodymium yellow pigment, adding the materials into a ball mill, adding water slurry, and uniformly mixing to prepare a mixed glaze;
s2) adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixed glaze, carrying out wet ball milling, and detecting and controlling the qualified particle fineness of the ball milling of the mixed glaze to prepare glaze slurry;
s3) screening the glaze slip through a screen mesh, carrying out first deironing screening, and then screening the glaze slip through the screen mesh, carrying out second deironing screening, so as to obtain deironing glaze slip;
s4) spraying the iron-removing glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic blank to prepare a glazed blank;
s5) putting the glazed green body into a tunnel kiln, heating to a firing temperature, and firing at one time to obtain the sanitary ceramic product containing the cream-yellow glossy glaze.
The preparation method of the sanitary ceramic product containing the cream-yellow glossy glaze is convenient to operate, simple in firing process, suitable for large-scale mass production and good in production efficiency.
The glaze layer prepared by adopting dry creamy yellow crystal nucleus particles in the prior art belongs to the category of crystallized glaze, the glaze needs to be subjected to the processes of phase separation, nucleation, crystallization, crystal growth and the like, a series of crystallization promoting raw materials (such as a crystallization agent or a crystal nucleus agent) need to be introduced, and macroscopic crystals are separated out from the overglaze.
The cream-yellow glossy glaze prepared by the invention belongs to the category of glossy glaze, the main crystal phase is glass phase, the effect of gloss is generated by mirror reflection due to the irradiation of light, the cream-yellow crystal nucleus dry particles belong to different glaze types, and the forming mechanism is different, so the decorative effect is different, one is the reflection of crystal flowers with different shapes, and the other is mirror gloss with uniform color.
The milk yellow crystal nucleus dry particle formula has various raw materials, rare earth metal oxides and the like are also used, the rare earth metal oxides are used as crystal promoters, the firing period is only 100-150 minutes, although the special personalized glaze effect can be achieved, the following defects exist if the formula is used in the field of sanitary ceramics:
1. the raw materials are various and are not suitable for standardized operation, and the manufacturing cost is high;
2. when the formula of the dry creamy yellow crystal nucleus particles is used for firing in a medium-temperature tunnel kiln, the product can not show crystal flowers, because the sufficient heat preservation time is not available to ensure that the precipitated crystals grow up, and the product is fired in different kilns, because the temperature distribution conditions of the kilns are different, the effect of the glaze surface of the product is inconsistent, namely the glaze material is unstable;
3. for sanitary ceramics, the glaze surface forms thick particles by using the glaze material with crystallization, which can cause disqualification of antifouling performance, wear resistance and the like
Specifically, in the step S1), the adding amount of the water is 40-45% of the total mass of the raw materials of the milk yellow luster glaze.
The water adding amount is controlled to be 40-45% of the total mass of the raw materials, so that the ball milling effect after slurry melting is ensured, and the bad phenomena that the viscosity of the glaze slurry is too low due to excessive water adding, and glaze flows when spraying is carried out are avoided.
Further, in step S2), the adding amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.23-0.25% of the total mass of the mixed glaze, the ball milling time is 13-15h, and the particle fineness of the glaze slip is 68-75% of the total mass of the glaze slip with the particle size less than 10 μm.
The fineness of the glaze is controlled within a reasonable range, so that the glaze glossiness of the creamy yellow glaze after firing can reach the optimal value.
The particle size of the glaze slip is measured by a Malvern laser particle size analyzer by a laser diffraction method, so that the real distribution of the particle size of the glaze slip can be well measured, and the particle fineness of the glaze slip can be better controlled.
The addition of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in the ball mill is helpful to improve the ball milling efficiency and save the electricity consumption.
The experiment shows that: the ratio of the particle size of the glaze slip smaller than 10 mu m exceeds 80%, the particles of the glaze slip are too fine, the surface tension of the glaze is larger, although the glossiness of the glaze is better, the glaze slip is too fine, the glaze is sprayed completely, the surface of the dried glaze can have tiny visible chicken claw cracks, and the defects of 'rolling glaze' and 'glaze crack' are easy to appear; the proportion of the particle diameter of less than 10 mu m in the glaze slip is less than 65 percent, the particles of the glaze slip are too coarse, the pigment in the glaze material is not matched with the particle size of the basic glaze, the pigment and the particle size of the basic glaze are not matched, tight combination cannot be achieved, gaps exist, the glossiness of the fired glaze surface is poor, small pores can appear, the glossiness of the glaze surface can be affected, and therefore the particle fineness of the glaze slip is set.
Preferably, in step S3), the mesh openings of the first deironing sieve and the second deironing sieve are 180 meshes and 200 meshes, respectively.
The iron removal and sieving operations are carried out twice through screens of 180 meshes and 200 meshes, the impurity removal effect is good, and the fired glaze surface has no black spots, yellow spots or green spots and other impurities, so that the impurity defects of the glaze surface can be effectively reduced.
Preferably, in step S4), the thickness of the glaze layer sprayed on the surface of the glazed body is 0.5-0.7 mm.
The prepared glaze slip is distributed on the surface of the blank body in a glaze spraying mode, the uniformity of a glaze layer can be well controlled, the glaze spraying thickness is controlled to be 0.5-0.7mm, and the prepared glaze layer has good covering power and good wear resistance.
The glaze spraying thickness also has certain influence on the color generation of the colored glaze, and the color generation stability of the glaze and the glossiness after firing can be ensured by controlling the uniformity of the glaze spraying thickness.
The glaze spraying thickness is controlled in a reasonable range, so that the effects of the luster and the fineness of the glaze surface can be better expressed. When the glaze spraying thickness is too low, the defects of bottom exposure or air holes and the like easily occur on the glaze surface, and the glaze surface is uneven and has poor glossiness and color and luster; on the contrary, when the thickness is too thick, glaze cracks easily appear on the glaze surface after glaze spraying, glaze shrinkage phenomenon appears on the glaze surface after firing, and the glossiness of the glaze surface with excessive thickness also drops.
Preferably, in the step S5), the firing temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, and the firing time is 16-20 h.
When the firing temperature is too high, the glaze surface is boiled to generate sandwich glaze-like bubbles, and when the firing temperature is too low, the raw firing and the luster are dull, so that the texture and the effect of the creamy yellow glossy glaze can not be achieved.
Examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 6
1. Using a hand basin blank as a blank, preparing the glaze containing milky yellow luster according to the following steps:
s1), weighing the raw materials of the cream-yellow glossy glaze according to the mass parts, adding the raw materials into a ball mill, adding water slurry, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed glaze;
s2) adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixed glaze, carrying out wet ball milling, and detecting and controlling the qualified particle fineness of the ball milling of the mixed glaze to prepare glaze slurry;
s3) screening the glaze slip through a screen to perform first deironing screening, and then performing second deironing screening on the screening net to obtain deironing glaze slip;
s4) spraying the iron-removing glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic blank to prepare a glazed blank;
s5) putting the glazed green body into a tunnel kiln, heating to a firing temperature, and firing at one time to obtain the sanitary ceramic product containing the cream-yellow glossy glaze.
2. The raw material components and ratios, and process parameters of each example and comparative example are detailed in tables 1 and 2.
3. The gloss, the antifouling ability, the thermal stability and the glaze fineness of the products of each example and comparative example were measured according to the following measurement methods, and the measurement results are detailed in tables 1 and 2.
Measurement of gloss: the WGG-60 type gloss meter is adopted, the surface of a sample to be tested is smooth, has no obvious unevenness, can not generate light leakage, and has enough plane range for testing.
Determination of the antifouling Capacity: wiping the surface of the test sample with clean soft cloth at 100cm23-4 drops of ink are dripped on the surface of the test sample, then the ink is evenly smeared, after the test sample is repeatedly ground for 3min, the ink on the surface is washed clean by water, and the number of black stains adsorbed on the surface of the glaze layer is confirmed by visual observation, and is qualified if the number of the black stains is less than 5.
Determination of thermal stability: placing the test piece (glazed tile) in an electric heating blast constant temperature drying oven, baking for 3 hours at the temperature of 130 ℃, then placing the test piece into ice water at the temperature of 3 ℃, after the temperature of the test piece is reduced to normal temperature, placing the test piece into a container filled with red ink water solution, soaking for 10 minutes, immersing the red ink water solution in an object to be measured, and taking out to observe whether the glaze has cracks.
And (3) measuring the smoothness of the glaze surface: place the sample in the place that light is weak partially, observer's eyes are looked level up the glaze, and the effect of glaze is observed to the eye: the glaze surface is smooth and flat without fine pores, no pinholes or glaze bubbles are seen, and no obvious phenomena of concave-convex and ripple are caused.
And (3) measuring the melting length of the glaze: injecting a sample glaze slurry into a specific mould to prepare a cylindrical glaze strip with the diameter of 10mm, placing the cylindrical glaze strip in a drying oven for drying, weighing 4g of wet methyl to stick the glaze strip on a square brick which is obliquely placed at an angle of 45 degrees, placing the square brick into a kiln for firing, and measuring the length of the glaze strip after the glaze strip flows downwards on the square brick after firing, namely defining the length of the glaze strip as the melting length to represent the high-temperature fluidity of glaze.
Table 1 raw material composition, process parameters and test results of each example
Table 2 raw material composition, process parameters and test results for each ratio
The data and information are analyzed according to tables 1 and 2 above as follows:
1. the glaze glossiness of the hand washing basin prepared in the embodiments 1-5 is 89.5-90.8GU, the anti-fouling capability, the thermal stability and the glaze fineness are all qualified, the glaze of each embodiment is fine and smooth and has milk-like fine texture, a test sample of the thermal stability of the embodiment 3 is shown in figure 1, and the cream yellow glaze for sanitary ceramics and the glaze effect of the hand washing basin using the cream yellow glaze meet expected targets, so that the technical scheme is effective.
2. In contrast to example 3, comparative example 1 differs in that: comparative example 1 No calcite was added, dolomite was used instead of calcite, and the wash basin made in comparative example 1 had a dull, matt and pinhole glaze.
3. In contrast to example 3, comparative example 2 differs in that: the comparative example 2 does not add zirconium silicate, and the hand washing basin prepared in the comparative example 2 has poor glaze luster, no soft texture, and uncooled and non-delicate color.
4. In contrast to example 3, comparative example 3 differs in that: comparative example 3 has no waste porcelain powder, the glaze of the hand washing basin prepared in comparative example 3 has granular feel, milk-like texture is not presented, and the hand washing basin has more pinholes and unqualified antifouling performance.
5. In contrast to example 3, comparative example 4 differs in that: the crystal nucleus agent is added in the comparative example 4, the glaze surface of the hand basin prepared in the comparative example 4 has large crystal flower particles, the granular feeling is obvious, and the hand basin has ripples and pinholes, is not fine and smooth, and has unqualified antifouling performance.
6. In contrast to example 3, comparative example 5 differs in that: the melting length of the comparative example 5 is only 55mm and is lower than the lower limit value of the melting length of 60-70mm, so that the glaze surface of the hand basin prepared by the comparative example 5 has the defects of poor gloss, unevenness, unqualified anti-fouling capability, unqualified thermal stability, and the defects of corrugation and pinholes.
7. In contrast to example 3, comparative example 6 differs in that: the melting length of the comparative example 6 is 73mm, which exceeds the upper limit value of the melting length of 60-70mm, so that the color of the glaze surface of the hand basin prepared by the comparative example 6 is uneven, and the glaze surface has the phenomena of glaze flowing, unsmooth and uneven glaze.
In conclusion, the creamy yellow gloss glaze for the sanitary ceramics has the glaze texture similar to milk, gives soft and warm visual perception to people, is fine and smooth, does not lose personality, and is easy to clean. The preparation method of the sanitary ceramic product containing the cream-yellow gloss glaze is convenient and convenient to operate, and the firing process is simple and effective.
In the description herein, references to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an exemplary embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is only intended to explain the principles of the invention; and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way. Based on the explanations herein; other specific embodiments of the invention will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art without the need to exercise inventive faculty; all of which fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The cream-yellow glossy glaze for the sanitary ceramics is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-25 parts of quartz powder, 15-25 parts of waste porcelain powder, 12-16 parts of calcite, 5-8 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of sintered zinc oxide, 4-8 parts of zirconium silicate, 2-5 parts of sintered talcum powder, 2-6 parts of 809 fusion cake and 1.4-2.0 parts of praseodymium yellow pigment;
the waste porcelain powder comprises the following chemical components: 63.50-65% SiO2、22-24％Al2O3、1.04-1.24％Fe2O3、0.18-0.22％TiO2、0.96-1.16％CaO、0.56-0.86％MgO、2.36-2.86％K2O、1.06-1.36％Na2O and 0.44-0.64% loss on ignition.
2. The creamy yellow lustrous glaze for sanitary ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that the 809 frits have the following chemical compositions, calculated by mass percentage: 63-65% SiO2、11-13％Al2O3、0.05-0.08％Fe2O3、0.03-0.05％TiO2、8-9％CaO、1.0-1.5％MgO、2.5-3.0％K2O、1.0-1.5％Na2O, ZnO of 7.5 to 8.0 percent and BaO of 0.5 to 1.0 percent, and the balance is ignition loss.
3. The creamy yellow lustrous glaze for sanitary ceramics according to claim 1, wherein the waste porcelain powder is made of ceramic waste in a production process, and the fineness of the waste porcelain powder is 80-140 mesh.
4. The cream-colored glaze for sanitary ceramics according to claim 1, wherein the silica-alumina ratio of the glaze is controlled to be between 7 and 10 by adding quartz, kaolin, waste porcelain powder and the like;
the melting length of the cream-yellow glossy glaze for the sanitary ceramics is 60-70 mm.
5. A method for preparing sanitary ceramic products containing a cream-yellow lustrous glaze, characterized in that it is used to prepare a cream-yellow lustrous glaze for sanitary ceramics according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:
s1), weighing the raw materials of the cream-yellow glossy glaze according to the mass parts: 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-25 parts of quartz powder, 15-25 parts of waste porcelain powder, 12-16 parts of calcite, 5-8 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 4-8 parts of zirconium silicate, 2-5 parts of calcined talcum powder, 2-6 parts of 809 fusion cake and 1.4-2.0 parts of praseodymium yellow pigment, adding the materials into a ball mill, adding water slurry, and uniformly mixing to prepare a mixed glaze;
s2) adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixed glaze, performing wet ball milling, and detecting and controlling the qualified particle fineness of the ball milling of the mixed glaze to prepare glaze slurry;
s3) screening the glaze slip through a screen mesh, carrying out first deironing screening, and then screening the glaze slip through the screen mesh, carrying out second deironing screening, so as to obtain deironing glaze slip;
s4) spraying the iron-removing glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic blank to prepare a glazed blank;
s5) putting the glazed green body into a tunnel kiln, heating to a firing temperature, and firing at one time to obtain the sanitary ceramic product containing the cream-yellow glossy glaze.
6. The method for preparing a sanitary ceramic article containing a cream-yellow lustrous glaze according to claim 5, wherein in step S1), water is added in an amount of 40-45% by mass of the total mass of the raw materials of the cream-yellow lustrous glaze.
7. The method for preparing a sanitary ceramic product containing cream-yellow lustrous glaze according to claim 5, wherein in step S2), the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose added is 0.23-0.25% of the total mass of the mixed glaze, the ball milling time is 13-15h, and the fineness of the particles of the glaze slip is 68-75% of the total mass of the glaze slip with the particle size of less than 10 μm.
8. The method for preparing a sanitary ceramic ware containing cream-yellow glaze according to claim 5, wherein in step S3), the mesh sizes of the first and second screens are 180 mesh and 200 mesh, respectively.
9. The method for preparing a sanitary ceramic ware containing a cream-yellow gloss glaze according to claim 5, wherein the thickness of the glaze layer sprayed on the surface of the glazed body in the step S4) is 0.5-0.7 mm.
10. The method for preparing a sanitary ceramic article containing cream-yellow glaze according to claim 5, wherein in step S5), the firing temperature is 1190-1210 ℃ and the firing time is 16-20 h.
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| CN115028362A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-09 | 山东兆鼎瓷业有限公司 | High-performance daily fine porcelain colored glaze |
| CN115215550A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-10-21 | 佛山东鹏洁具股份有限公司 | Antibacterial and anti-fouling glaze, sanitary ceramic using antibacterial and anti-fouling glaze and preparation method of sanitary ceramic |
| CN115677222A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-02-03 | 福建省德化龙峰陶瓷有限公司 | Antistatic antibacterial ceramic glaze and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN112299884A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-02 | 佛山东鹏洁具股份有限公司 | Glaze material of sanitary ceramic easy to clean, sanitary ceramic and preparation method |
| CN112408786A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 佛山东鹏洁具股份有限公司 | Dull color glaze mixed with waste ceramic powder, ceramic product and preparation method |
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| CN112299884A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-02 | 佛山东鹏洁具股份有限公司 | Glaze material of sanitary ceramic easy to clean, sanitary ceramic and preparation method |
| CN112408786A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 佛山东鹏洁具股份有限公司 | Dull color glaze mixed with waste ceramic powder, ceramic product and preparation method |
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| CN115028362A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-09 | 山东兆鼎瓷业有限公司 | High-performance daily fine porcelain colored glaze |
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| CN115677222A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-02-03 | 福建省德化龙峰陶瓷有限公司 | Antistatic antibacterial ceramic glaze and manufacturing method thereof |
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Address after: No. 15 Innovation Avenue, Fengcheng High-tech Industrial Park, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province Applicant after: JIANGXI DONGPENG TOILET AND BATHROOM Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: FOSHAN DONGPENG SANITARY WARE Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: GUANGDONG DONGPENG HOLDINGS Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Foshan Dongpeng integrated Sanitary Ware Co.,Ltd. Address before: 528000 side of youyugang, Haikou village, Zhangcha street, Chancheng District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: FOSHAN DONGPENG SANITARY WARE Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: GUANGDONG DONGPENG HOLDINGS Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: Foshan Dongpeng integrated Sanitary Ware Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: JIANGXI DONGPENG TOILET AND BATHROOM Co.,Ltd. |