CN113510007B - Vertical electrostatic solid waste separator - Google Patents
Vertical electrostatic solid waste separator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113510007B CN113510007B CN202110928057.8A CN202110928057A CN113510007B CN 113510007 B CN113510007 B CN 113510007B CN 202110928057 A CN202110928057 A CN 202110928057A CN 113510007 B CN113510007 B CN 113510007B
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- sorting
- sorting roller
- roller
- solid waste
- wall
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- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 46
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 12
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 102000003691 T-Type Calcium Channels Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108090000030 T-Type Calcium Channels Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002801 charged material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010793 electronic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
- B03C7/02—Separators
- B03C7/06—Separators with cylindrical material carriers
Landscapes
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vertical electrostatic solid waste separator which comprises a sealed box body, a separation roller, at least two groups of separation electrode devices and at least two groups of nonmetal discharging devices, wherein the separation roller is rotatably arranged in the sealed box body, the at least two groups of separation electrode devices are symmetrically arranged at the outer side of the separation roller in a point mode, solid waste powder is fed from the upper end of the sealed box body and passes through the at least two groups of separation electrode devices along the outer wall of the separation roller, the nonmetal discharging devices are arranged between the adjacent two groups of separation electrode devices and are positioned at the outer side of the separation roller to remove nonmetal powder on the outer wall of the separation roller, the separation electrode devices comprise a plurality of corona electrodes and a plurality of static electrodes, and the corona electrodes are positioned above the static electrodes. The invention can separate a large amount of solid waste powder from the multi-group separation electrode device respectively, realizes multiple separation of powder in a single roller, improves the separation precision, greatly improves the processing capacity of powder separation and improves the separation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a separator, in particular to a vertical electrostatic solid waste separator, and belongs to the field of solid waste treatment.
Background
With the development of economy and society, various solid wastes are more and more, if the solid wastes are improperly treated, the solid wastes not only cause great harm to the environment, but also cause resource waste. At present, the resource utilization, reduction and harmlessness of solid waste disposal are enhanced, and meanwhile, a resource-saving type and environment-friendly society is built, so that the solid waste disposal has become a common public knowledge. The primary link of recycling the resources is to separate materials with different purposes and values, namely sorting. For crushed powdery solid wastes, such as electronic wastes, waste metals and the like, an electrostatic separator is generally adopted for separation. Electrostatic separation is a separation method which uses the dielectric properties of different materials to separate.
The existing electrostatic separator generally adopts a horizontal roller to separate, the feeding mode of the electrostatic separator generally adopts single-line feeding along the length direction of the horizontal roller, the treatment capacity is small, the area of a separation area on the wall surface of the roller is small, and a single separation roller can only separate once and has low separation precision. However, to achieve multiple sorting requires an increased number of sorting rolls and increased equipment energy consumption. Although some disc type electrostatic separation equipment can realize multiple separation, the problems of complex equipment structure, inconvenient maintenance, difficult realization of large-scale popularization and application and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a vertical electrostatic solid waste separator, which improves the equipment handling capacity and is convenient to maintain.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a vertical electrostatic solid waste separator is characterized in that: the sorting device comprises a sealing box body, a sorting roller, at least two groups of sorting electrode devices and at least two groups of nonmetal discharging devices, wherein the sorting roller is rotationally arranged in the sealing box body, the at least two groups of sorting electrode devices are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the sorting roller, solid waste powder is fed from the upper end of the sealing box body and passes through the at least two groups of sorting electrode devices along the outer wall of the sorting roller, the nonmetal discharging devices are arranged between the adjacent two groups of sorting electrode devices and are positioned on the outer side of the sorting roller to remove nonmetal powder on the outer wall of the sorting roller, the sorting electrode devices comprise a plurality of corona electrodes and a plurality of static electrodes, and the corona electrodes are positioned above the static electrodes.
Further, the sorting electrode device comprises three corona electrodes and two static electrodes which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the sorting electrode device is spirally wound on the outer side of the sorting roller, and the three corona electrodes and the two static electrodes are respectively connected with a static generator fixed on the outer side of the sealing box body through wires.
Further, the three corona electrodes and the two static electrodes are respectively provided with a spacing adjusting mechanism for adjusting the spacing between the corona electrodes and the static electrodes and the outer wall of the sorting roller, wherein the spacing between the corona electrodes and the outer wall of the sorting roller is smaller than the spacing between the static electrodes and the outer wall of the sorting roller.
Further, select separately cylinder and sealed box are the cylinder and select separately cylinder and the coaxial setting of sealed box, and the pivot sets up on the axis of sealed box and the both ends rotation of pivot sets up on the up-and-down end face of sealed box, select separately the cylinder and fix in the pivot outside, and the pivot upper end wears out sealed box up end and is provided with first V type triangular belt wheel, and the motor is fixed on sealed box lateral surface and is provided with the V type triangular belt wheel of second in the motor pivot, and first V type triangular belt sets up on V type triangular belt wheel and the V type triangular belt wheel of second.
Further, nonmetal discharge apparatus contains clearance brush, scraper means and nonmetal discharge chute, and clearance brush both ends rotate and set up on the up-and-down end face of sealed box, and clearance brush and separation cylinder lateral surface contact are located in the interval between the tip of adjacent two sets of separation electrode devices, and scraper means is located clearance brush one side scraper means end and supports and lean on the separation cylinder outer wall, and the upper end of clearance brush is provided with third V type triangular pulley, is provided with fourth V type triangular pulley in the pivot, and second V type triangular belt sets up on third V type triangular pulley and fourth V type triangular pulley.
Further, the scraper means contains spout, backup pad, clamp plate and rubber scraper blade, the spout is fixed and the spout outside is opened there is T type channel in sealed box inboard, T type channel lower extreme is closed and the upper end of T type channel is opened, the one end of backup pad is provided with the straight board of T type that matches with T type channel, backup pad one end inserts the setting in T type channel by T type channel upper end through the straight board of T type, the backup pad other end, it has the screw that corresponds each other to open on rubber scraper blade and the clamp plate, the screw that the bolt passed clamp plate in proper order, rubber scraper blade and backup pad is fixed through nut locking.
Further, the nonmetal discharge chute contains first baffle, second baffle, hang plate and vertical board, first baffle and second baffle parallel arrangement and the one end of first baffle and second baffle is fixed on sealed box inner wall, the clearance is left with sorting drum outer wall to the first baffle other end, the second baffle other end is close to sorting drum outer wall but does not contact sorting drum, hang plate slope setting and hang plate lower extreme are fixed in sealed box bottom, hang plate upper end is located sorting barrel lateral surface bottom, vertical board sets up along vertical direction and vertical board upper end is connected with hang plate lower extreme.
Further, the sealed box upper end is provided with the tripper, the tripper contains the inlet pipe, two at least circular cone sections and two at least circumference sections, two at least circular cone section lateral surfaces are the circular cone face and the projection face of circular cone section is fan-shaped, circular cone section upper end is connected with the lower extreme of inlet pipe and two at least circular cone sections are the point symmetry setting at the inlet pipe lower extreme, circumference section upper end and circular cone section lower extreme match and fixed connection, circumference section contains circular arc section and buffering cloth section, circular arc section and buffering cloth section are the spiral setting, buffering cloth section is fixed in circular arc section lower extreme exit and is located sorting electrode device top, the outer wall of buffering cloth section inwards inclines to set up.
Further, the corona electrode contains corona support, many short discharge needles and many long discharge needles, and the corona support is the arc support and the radian equals with sorting cylinder outside cambered surface, and short discharge needle and long discharge needle set up along corona support radial line direction and short discharge needle and long discharge needle set up along corona support length direction interval.
Further, the lower extreme of seal box is provided with metal ejection of compact chute, and at least two sets of metal ejection of compact chute are the point symmetry setting in seal box lower extreme and every group metal ejection of compact chute is located the below of a set of separation electrode assembly respectively, and metal ejection of compact chute contains ejection of compact chute cell body and intermediate baffle, and intermediate baffle is fixed in the middle of the ejection of compact chute cell body and is separated ejection of compact chute cell body into metal discharge gate and intermediate material discharge gate, and wherein intermediate material discharge gate is located the below of sorting cylinder lateral wall, and metal discharge gate is located the inboard below of seal box.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: the invention adopts the vertical large-sized roller and sets the multi-group sorting electrode device along the circumferential direction of the roller to sort the solid waste powder, and each group of sorting electrode device consists of a plurality of corona electrodes and a plurality of static electrodes and is arranged in a plurality of layers in the vertical direction, so that a large amount of solid waste powder can be sorted from the multi-group sorting electrode device respectively, the powder in a single roller can be sorted for multiple times, the sorting precision is improved, the processing capacity of powder sorting is greatly improved, and the sorting efficiency is improved; the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance and convenient mass production and application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a vertical electrostatic solid waste separator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a vertical electrostatic solid waste classifier of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the squeegee assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the dispenser of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a corona electrode of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a metal tapping chute of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to explain in detail the technical solutions adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined technical purposes, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and that technical means or technical features in the embodiments of the present invention may be replaced without inventive effort, and the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the vertical electrostatic solid waste separator comprises a sealed box body 1, a separation roller 2, at least two groups of separation electrode devices and at least two groups of nonmetal discharging devices, wherein the separation roller 2 is rotatably arranged in the sealed box body 1, the at least two groups of separation electrode devices are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the separation roller 2, solid waste powder is fed from the upper end of the sealed box body 1 and passes through the at least two groups of separation electrode devices along the outer wall of the separation roller 2, the nonmetal discharging devices are arranged between the adjacent two groups of separation electrode devices and are positioned on the outer side of the separation roller 2 to remove nonmetal powder on the outer wall of the separation roller, the separation electrode devices comprise a plurality of corona electrodes 3 and a plurality of static electrodes 4, and the corona electrodes 3 are positioned above the static electrodes 4. The lower end of the sorting roller 2 is connected with the grounding body through a wire. Solid waste powder drops downwards along the outer wall of the sorting roller 2 from the upper end feeding of the sealed box body 1, when the powder passes through a high-voltage ionization area generated by the corona electrode 3 to be charged into charged particles, the charged particles are deflected towards the sorting roller and are contacted with the roller, the charged particles are quickly released into uncharged particles through the grounding wire of the sorting roller 2 due to good conductivity of the metal particles, and the uncharged particles are separated from the sorting roller to fall under the deflection effect of an electrostatic field generated by the electrostatic electrode 4, and the non-metal particles are adsorbed on the sorting roller 2 and scraped and collected by a non-metal discharging device.
The sorting electrode device comprises three corona electrodes 3 and two electrostatic electrodes 4 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the sorting electrode device is spirally wound on the outer side of the sorting roller 2, and the three corona electrodes 3 and the two electrostatic electrodes 4 are respectively connected with an electrostatic generator 5 fixed on the outer side of the sealing box body through wires. And the three corona electrodes 3 and the two electrostatic electrodes 4 are respectively provided with a spacing adjusting mechanism for adjusting the spacing between the corona electrodes 3 and the electrostatic electrodes 4 and the outer wall of the sorting roller 2, wherein the spacing between the corona electrodes 3 and the outer wall of the sorting roller 2 is smaller than the spacing between the electrostatic electrodes 4 and the outer wall of the sorting roller 2. The electrostatic generator 5 can output 20 kV-60 kV electrostatic voltage. The distance between the corona electrode 3 and the separation roller 2 is adjustable by 40-70 mm, the distance between the electrostatic electrode 4 and the separation roller 2 is adjustable by 70-110 mm, and the electric field intensity of the corresponding electrode is adjusted by respectively adjusting the distance between the corona electrode 3 and the electrostatic electrode 4 and the separation roller 2 and the voltage of each electrode. The 3 corona electrodes 3 are sequentially arranged in layers up and down, so that 3 layers of high-voltage ionization areas can be formed at different heights, and materials can be fully charged. The 2 electrostatic electrodes 4 are sequentially arranged in layers up and down, so that 2 layers of high-voltage electrostatic areas can be formed at different heights, and the paths of charged materials can be deflected.
The sorting roller 2 and the sealing box body 1 are both cylinders and the sorting roller 2 and the sealing box body 1 are coaxially arranged, the rotating shaft 6 is arranged on the axis of the sealing box body 1, two ends of the rotating shaft 6 are rotatably arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of the sealing box body 1, the sorting roller 2 is fixed on the outer side of the rotating shaft 6, the upper end of the rotating shaft 6 penetrates out of the upper end face of the sealing box body 1 and is provided with a first V-shaped triangular belt wheel 7, the motor 8 is fixed on the outer side face of the sealing box body 1, a second V-shaped triangular belt wheel 9 is arranged on the rotating shaft of the motor 8, and the first V-shaped triangular belt 10 is arranged on the first V-shaped triangular belt wheel 7 and the second V-shaped triangular belt wheel 9. The motor 8 drives the first V-shaped triangular belt wheel 7 to rotate, so that the rotating shaft 6 is driven to rotate through the transmission of the first V-shaped triangular belt 10, and the rotary driving of the sorting roller 2 is realized.
The nonmetal discharge device comprises a cleaning brush 11, a scraping plate device 12 and a nonmetal discharge chute, wherein two ends of the cleaning brush 11 are rotatably arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of the sealed box body 1, the cleaning brush 11 is in contact with the outer side face of the sorting roller 2 and is positioned in the interval between the end parts of two adjacent component electrode selecting devices, the scraping plate device 12 is positioned on one side of the cleaning brush 11, the end head of the scraping plate device 12 is abutted against the outer wall of the sorting roller 2, a third V-shaped triangular belt wheel 13 is arranged at the upper end of the cleaning brush 11, a fourth V-shaped triangular belt wheel 14 is arranged on the rotating shaft 6, and a second V-shaped triangular belt 15 is arranged on the third V-shaped triangular belt wheel 13 and the fourth V-shaped triangular belt wheel 14. The motor 8 drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, and meanwhile, the cleaning brush 11 is driven to rotate through the transmission of the second V-shaped triangular belt 15, so that the sorting roller 2 and the cleaning brush 11 rotate along the same clockwise direction, the outer side surface of the cleaning brush 11 and the outer side surface of the sorting roller 2 form relative movement, and the outer side surface of the sorting roller 2 is cleaned by the brush. Meanwhile, through the setting of the transmission ratio of the V new triangle belt wheel, the rotation speed of the cleaning hairbrush 11 is 2.5 times of the rotation speed of the sorting roller 2, and the cleaning effect of the sorting roller 2 is ensured.
As shown in fig. 3, the scraper device 12 comprises a chute 16, a supporting plate 17, a pressing plate 18 and a rubber scraper 19, wherein the chute 16 is fixed on the inner side of the sealed box body 1, a T-shaped channel is formed in the outer side of the chute 16, the lower end of the T-shaped channel is closed, the upper end of the T-shaped channel is open, one end of the supporting plate 17 is provided with a T-shaped straight plate 20 matched with the T-shaped channel, one end of the supporting plate 17 is inserted into the T-shaped channel from the upper end of the T-shaped channel through the T-shaped straight plate 20, screw holes corresponding to each other are formed in the other end of the supporting plate 17, the rubber scraper 19 and the pressing plate 18, and the screw holes of the pressing plate 18, the rubber scraper 19 and the screw holes of the supporting plate 17 are sequentially penetrated by bolts and are locked and fixed through nuts. The nonmetallic powder adsorbed on the outer side of the sorting roller 2 is scraped by the rubber scraping plate 19, and the powder which is not scraped clean is cleaned secondarily by the cleaning brush 11, so that the cleaning effect of nonmetallic powder is ensured.
The nonmetallic discharge chute comprises a first partition plate 21, a second partition plate 22, an inclined plate 23 and a vertical plate 24, wherein the first partition plate 21 and the second partition plate 22 are arranged in parallel, one ends of the first partition plate 21 and the second partition plate 22 are fixed on the inner wall of the sealed box body 1, and a gap is reserved between the other end of the first partition plate 21 and the outer wall of the sorting roller 2 so as to serve as a feeding end of nonmetallic powder outside the sorting roller 2, and powder is prevented from being scraped outside the partition plate. The other end of the second partition plate 22 is close to the outer wall of the sorting roller 2 but does not contact the sorting roller 2, the inclined plate 23 is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the inclined plate 23 is fixed at the bottom of the sealed box body 1, the upper end of the inclined plate 23 is located at the bottom of the outer side surface of the sorting roller body 2, the vertical plate 24 is arranged along the vertical direction, and the upper end of the vertical plate 24 is connected with the lower end of the inclined plate 23. The nonmetallic powder is scraped off from the sorting roller 2 by the scraping plate and the brush, falls to the inclined plate 23 along the vertical channel formed by the two partition plates and the inner wall of the sealed box body 1, and slides to the outlet formed by the vertical plate 24 and the side wall of the bottom of the sealed box body 1 so as to collect nonmetallic powder.
The upper end of the sealed box body 1 is provided with a distributor 25, as shown in fig. 4, the distributor 25 comprises a feeding pipe 26, at least two conical sections 27 and at least two circumferential sections, the outer side surfaces of the at least two conical sections 27 are conical surfaces, the projection surfaces of the conical sections are fan-shaped, the upper end of the conical sections 27 are connected with the lower end of the feeding pipe 26, the at least two conical sections 27 are arranged at the lower end of the feeding pipe 26 in a point symmetry mode, the upper end of the circumferential sections are matched with the lower end of the conical sections 27 and fixedly connected with each other, the circumferential sections comprise circular arc sections 28 and buffer material distribution sections 29, the circular arc sections 28 and the buffer material distribution sections 29 are spirally arranged, the spiral shapes of the circular arc sections 28 and the buffer material distribution sections 29 are spirally matched with the sorting electrode device, the buffer material distribution sections 29 are fixed at the outlet of the lower end of the circular arc sections 28 and are located above the sorting electrode device, and the outer walls of the buffer material distribution sections 29 are obliquely arranged inwards. The solid waste powder is added into the feed pipe 26, enters the conical section 27 at the lower end of the feed pipe 26 for separation, is uniformly distributed in the circular arc section 28, and is discharged to the outer wall of the sorting roller 2 under the buffering of the buffering cloth section 29.
As shown in fig. 5, the corona electrode 3 includes a corona bracket 30, a plurality of short discharge needles 31 and a plurality of long discharge needles 32, the corona bracket 30 is an arc bracket and the arc is equal to the arc surface outside the sorting roller 2, the short discharge needles 31 and the long discharge needles 32 are arranged along the radial direction of the corona bracket 30 and the short discharge needles 31 and the long discharge needles 32 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the corona bracket 30. Wherein the lengths of the short discharge needle 31 and the long discharge needle 32 are 15mm and 30mm, respectively, and the distance between the adjacent short discharge needle 31 and long discharge needle 32 is 12mm.
As shown in fig. 6, the lower end of the sealed box 1 is provided with metal discharge chutes, at least two groups of metal discharge chutes are arranged at the lower end of the sealed box 1 in a point symmetry manner, each group of metal discharge chute is respectively positioned below a group of separation electrode devices, each metal discharge chute comprises a discharge chute body 33 and an intermediate partition 34, the intermediate partition 34 is fixed in the middle of the discharge chute body 33 to divide the discharge chute body 33 into a metal discharge port and an intermediate material discharge port, wherein the intermediate material discharge port is positioned below the outer side wall of the separation roller 2, and the metal discharge port is positioned below the inner side of the sealed box 1.
The working principle of the vertical electrostatic solid waste separator provided by the invention is as follows: after the particles containing metals and non-metals enter the inlet of the distributor 25, the particles slide to the circumferential section through the flow guiding surface of the conical section 27, then fall to the buffer section material distribution section 29 along the circular arc section 28, fall down along the wall of the sorting roller 2 at a reduced speed and uniformly, enter the high-voltage ionization region generated by the 3 corona electrodes 3 in sequence, are charged and become charged particles, and then deviate to the wall of the sorting roller 2 and are contacted. Because the metal particles have good conductivity, the charges carried by the metal particles are quickly released through the sorting roller 2 to become uncharged particles, and meanwhile, the uncharged particles are separated from the sorting roller 2 under the deflection effect of the electrostatic field generated by the 2 electrostatic electrodes 4 to fall down to a metal discharge port of the metal discharge chute to become metal products. Because the conductivity of the nonmetallic particles is poor, the charges are difficult to release, and the nonmetallic particles are adsorbed on the wall of the rotary sorting roller 2 under the repulsive action of the electrostatic field generated by the 2 electrostatic poles 4 and then are brought into a nonmetallic discharging area, most of the nonmetallic particles are scraped by the scraper device 12, and a small part of the residual adhesion is swept by the cleaning hairbrush 11 and falls into a nonmetallic discharging chute to form nonmetallic products. And the particles which are not influenced by an electric field or are not effectively separated vertically fall into an intermediate discharge port of the metal discharge chute to form an intermediate product. The circulation is carried out in such a way, thereby realizing the efficient separation of metal and nonmetal products.
The invention adopts the vertical large-sized roller and sets the multi-group sorting electrode device along the circumferential direction of the roller to sort the solid waste powder, and each group of sorting electrode device consists of a plurality of corona electrodes and a plurality of static electrodes and is arranged in a plurality of layers in the vertical direction, so that a large amount of solid waste powder can be sorted from the multi-group sorting electrode device respectively, the powder in a single roller can be sorted for multiple times, the sorting precision is improved, the processing capacity of powder sorting is greatly improved, and the sorting efficiency is improved; the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance and convenient mass production and application.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other embodiments, such as those described above, of making various modifications and equivalents will fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A vertical electrostatic solid waste separator is characterized in that: the device comprises a sealed box body, a sorting roller, at least two groups of sorting electrode devices and at least two groups of nonmetal discharging devices, wherein the sorting roller is rotationally arranged in the sealed box body, the at least two groups of sorting electrode devices are symmetrically arranged at the outer side of the sorting roller, solid waste powder is fed from the upper end of the sealed box body and passes through the at least two groups of sorting electrode devices along the outer wall of the sorting roller, the nonmetal discharging devices are arranged between the two adjacent groups of sorting electrode devices and are positioned at the outer side of the sorting roller to remove nonmetal powder on the outer wall of the sorting roller, the sorting electrode devices comprise a plurality of corona electrodes and a plurality of static electrodes, and the corona electrodes are positioned above the static electrodes; the sorting electrode device is spirally wound on the outer side of the sorting roller, and particles containing metal and nonmetal uniformly fall along the wall of the sorting roller; the sorting roller and the sealing box body are both cylinders, and the sorting roller and the sealing box body are coaxially arranged; the lower end of the sorting roller is connected with the grounding body through a wire; solid waste powder drops downwards along the outer wall of the sorting roller from the upper end feeding of the sealed box body, when the powder passes through a high-voltage ionization area generated by the corona electrode to be charged into charged particles, the charged particles are deflected towards the sorting roller and are contacted with the roller, the charged particles are quickly released into uncharged particles through the grounding wire of the sorting roller due to good conductivity of the metal particles, and the uncharged particles are separated from the sorting roller to fall under the deflection effect of an electrostatic field generated by the electrostatic electrode, and the nonmetallic particles are adsorbed on the sorting roller and scraped and collected by a nonmetallic discharging device.
2. The vertical electrostatic solid waste separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sorting electrode device comprises three corona electrodes and two electrostatic electrodes which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the three corona electrodes and the two electrostatic electrodes are respectively connected with an electrostatic generator fixed on the outer side of the sealing box body through wires.
3. The vertical electrostatic solid waste separator as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and the three corona electrodes and the two static electrodes are respectively provided with a spacing adjusting mechanism for adjusting the spacing between the corona electrodes and the static electrodes and the outer wall of the sorting roller, wherein the spacing between the corona electrodes and the outer wall of the sorting roller is smaller than the spacing between the static electrodes and the outer wall of the sorting roller.
4. The vertical electrostatic solid waste separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pivot sets up on the axis of seal box and the both ends rotation setting of pivot are on the up and down terminal surface of seal box, and select separately the cylinder and fix in the pivot outside, and the pivot upper end wears out seal box up end and is provided with first V type triangle band pulley, and the motor is fixed on seal box lateral surface and is provided with second V type triangle band pulley in the motor pivot, and first V type triangle band pulley sets up on first V type triangle band pulley and second V type triangle band pulley.
5. The vertical electrostatic solid waste separator as defined in claim 4, wherein: the nonmetal discharge device comprises a cleaning brush, a scraping plate device and a nonmetal discharge chute, wherein two ends of the cleaning brush are rotatably arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of the sealing box body, the cleaning brush is in contact with the outer side face of the sorting roller and is positioned in the interval between the ends of the two adjacent groups of sorting electrode devices, the scraping plate device is positioned on one side of the cleaning brush, the end head of the scraping plate device is abutted against the outer wall of the sorting roller, a third V-shaped triangular belt wheel is arranged at the upper end of the cleaning brush, a fourth V-shaped triangular belt wheel is arranged on a rotating shaft, and the second V-shaped triangular belt is arranged on the third V-shaped triangular belt wheel and the fourth V-shaped triangular belt wheel.
6. The vertical electrostatic solid waste separator as defined in claim 5, wherein: the scraper device comprises a chute, a supporting plate, a pressing plate and a rubber scraper, wherein the chute is fixed on the inner side of a sealing box body, a T-shaped channel is formed in the outer side of the chute, the lower end of the T-shaped channel is closed, the upper end of the T-shaped channel is open, one end of the supporting plate is provided with a T-shaped straight plate matched with the T-shaped channel, one end of the supporting plate is inserted into the T-shaped channel through the upper end of the T-shaped channel, screw holes corresponding to each other are formed in the other end of the supporting plate, the rubber scraper and the pressing plate, and bolts sequentially penetrate through the screw holes of the pressing plate, the rubber scraper and the supporting plate and are locked and fixed through nuts.
7. The vertical electrostatic solid waste separator as defined in claim 5, wherein: the nonmetal discharging chute comprises a first baffle, a second baffle, an inclined plate and a vertical plate, wherein the first baffle and the second baffle are arranged in parallel, one ends of the first baffle and the second baffle are fixed on the inner wall of a sealing box body, a gap is reserved between the other end of the first baffle and the outer wall of a sorting roller, the other end of the second baffle is close to the outer wall of the sorting roller but does not contact the sorting roller, the inclined plate is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the inclined plate is fixed at the bottom of the sealing box body, the upper end of the inclined plate is positioned at the bottom of the outer side surface of the sorting barrel body, the vertical plate is arranged along the vertical direction, and the upper end of the vertical plate is connected with the lower end of the inclined plate.
8. The vertical electrostatic solid waste separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the sealed box body is provided with a distributor, the distributor comprises a feed pipe, at least two conical sections and at least two circumferential sections, the outer side surfaces of the at least two conical sections are conical surfaces, the projection surfaces of the conical sections are fan-shaped, the upper end of the conical sections is connected with the lower end of the feed pipe, the at least two conical sections are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the feed pipe, the circumference section upper end matches and fixed connection with circular cone section lower extreme, and the circumference section contains circular arc section and buffering cloth section, and circular arc section and buffering cloth section are the spiral setting, and buffering cloth section is fixed in circular arc section lower extreme exit and is located sorting electrode device top, and buffering cloth section's outer wall is inwards inclined the setting.
9. The vertical electrostatic solid waste separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the corona electrode comprises a corona bracket, a plurality of short discharge needles and a plurality of long discharge needles, wherein the corona bracket is an arc bracket, the radian of the corona bracket is equal to that of the outer side of the sorting roller, the short discharge needles and the long discharge needles are arranged along the radial direction of the corona bracket, and the short discharge needles and the long discharge needles are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the corona bracket.
10. The vertical electrostatic solid waste separator as defined in claim 7, wherein: the lower extreme of seal box is provided with metal ejection of compact chute, and two at least groups of metal ejection of compact chute are the point symmetry setting in seal box lower extreme and every group metal ejection of compact chute is located the below of a set of selective electrode device respectively, and metal ejection of compact chute contains ejection of compact chute cell body and intermediate baffle, and the intermediate baffle is fixed in the middle of the ejection of compact chute cell body and is separated into metal discharge gate and intermediate material discharge gate with ejection of compact chute cell body, and wherein intermediate material discharge gate is located the below of sorting cylinder lateral wall, and the metal discharge gate is located the inboard below of seal box.
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| CN202110928057.8A CN113510007B (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2021-08-13 | Vertical electrostatic solid waste separator |
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| CN115055495B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2024-05-07 | 嘉兴市利富通新材料科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly recycling device for waste copper recovery |
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