CN113510006B - Dry sorting system for fine-grained slag of garbage incineration plant - Google Patents
Dry sorting system for fine-grained slag of garbage incineration plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN113510006B CN113510006B CN202110928006.5A CN202110928006A CN113510006B CN 113510006 B CN113510006 B CN 113510006B CN 202110928006 A CN202110928006 A CN 202110928006A CN 113510006 B CN113510006 B CN 113510006B
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- separation
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- wall
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002801 charged material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
- B03C7/02—Separators
- B03C7/06—Separators with cylindrical material carriers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
- F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
- F26B3/092—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed agitating the fluidised bed, e.g. by vibrating or pulsating
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dry separation system for fine slag in a garbage incineration plant, which comprises a shell, a sieve plate and a sieve plate vibrator, wherein the sieve plate is arranged in the shell and is connected with the sieve plate vibrator, the sieve plate is vibrated by the sieve plate vibrator to separate heavy particles and light particles, pulse hot air is introduced into the lower end of the shell to dry particles on the sieve plate, a heavy particle discharge port is arranged at the lower end of one side of the shell, a light particle outlet is arranged at the side surface of the shell corresponding to the height of the light particle layer, the heavy particle discharge port of the vibrating fluidized bed drying and separating integrated machine is connected with a feed inlet of a dry high-strength magnetic separator, and a non-magnetic particle outlet of the dry high-strength magnetic separator is connected with the feed inlet of a high-voltage electrostatic separator. The invention realizes the dry separation of fine slag with the grain diameter less than 2mm, does not generate sewage and salt sludge pollution, has high separation efficiency, and can obtain magnetic metal products and non-magnetic metal products with high purity, and the separation efficiency of metals is more than 90 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sorting system, in particular to a dry sorting system for fine slag in a garbage incineration plant, and belongs to the field of solid waste treatment.
Background
After the household garbage is burnt, 20% -30% of slag is produced, and various metals are contained in the slag, so that the slag has considerable metal recovery value. Currently, slag sorting mainly comprises dry sorting and wet sorting, wherein nonferrous metal sorting equipment in the dry sorting process of slag is mainly an eddy current sorter. The amount of the grain diameter less than 2mm in the slag accounts for about 20-40%, and the fine grain slag contains various metals such as copper, gold, silver and the like, so that the fine grain slag has higher economic value. The vortex separator has good separation effect on materials with granularity more than or equal to 2mm, and has poor separation effect on slag with granularity less than 2 mm. At present, a wet separation process is generally adopted to separate fine slag with the grain diameter less than 2mm, and the technology has the problems of large water consumption and pollution of sewage and salt mud.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a dry separation system for fine slag in a garbage incineration plant, which is used for realizing dry separation of fine slag with the particle size smaller than 2mm and solving the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A dry separation system for fine slag in a garbage incineration plant is characterized in that: the high-pressure electrostatic separator screens out non-magnetic metal particles, the high-pressure electrostatic separator comprises a sealed box body, a separation roller, at least two groups of separation electrode devices and at least two groups of non-metal discharging devices, the separation roller is rotationally arranged in the sealed box body, the at least two groups of separation electrode devices are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the separation roller in a point-to-point mode, solid waste powder is fed from the upper end of the sealed box body and passes through the at least two groups of separation electrode devices along the outer wall of the separation roller, the non-metal discharging devices are arranged between the adjacent two groups of separation electrode devices and are positioned on the outer side of the separation roller to clean non-metal powder on the outer wall of the separation roller, the separation electrode devices comprise a plurality of corona electrodes and a plurality of static electrodes, and the corona electrodes are positioned above the static electrodes.
Further, vibration fluidized bed drying and sorting all-in-one contains casing, sieve and sieve vibrator, and the sieve setting is in the casing and is connected by sieve vibrator vibration sieve and make heavy granule and light granule layering with the sieve vibrator, and the pulse hot air is let in to the casing lower extreme and is dried the granule on the sieve, and the casing one side lower extreme is opened there is heavy granule discharge gate, and the casing side corresponds light granule layer height and opens there is the light granule export, and the heavy granule discharge gate of vibration fluidized bed drying and sorting all-in-one is connected with dry-type high-strength magnetic separator feed inlet.
Further, a flue gas outlet is formed in the upper end of the shell, the flue gas outlet is connected with an inlet of the cyclone dust collector, an air outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with an inlet of the pulse bag dust collector, an air outlet of the pulse bag dust collector is connected with one end of the induced draft fan, the other end of the induced draft fan is connected with one end of one path of the heat exchanger, and the other end of the one path of the heat exchanger discharges waste gas.
Further, cold air is introduced into one end of the other path of the heat exchanger, the other end of the other path of the heat exchanger is connected with one end of the air blower, the other end of the air blower is connected with one end of the heating device, and the other end of the heating device is connected with a plurality of pulse air inlets at the lower end of the shell.
Further, the sorting electrode device comprises three corona electrodes and two static electrodes which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the sorting electrode device is spirally coiled on the outer side of the sorting roller, the three corona electrodes and the two static electrodes are respectively connected with a static generator fixed on the outer side of the sealing box body through wires, and the three corona electrodes and the two static electrodes are respectively provided with a spacing adjusting mechanism for adjusting the spacing between the corona electrodes and the static electrodes and the outer wall of the sorting roller, wherein the spacing between the corona electrodes and the outer wall of the sorting roller is smaller than the spacing between the static electrodes and the outer wall of the sorting roller.
Further, select separately cylinder and sealed box are the cylinder and select separately cylinder and the coaxial setting of sealed box, and the pivot sets up on the axis of sealed box and the both ends rotation of pivot sets up on the up-and-down end face of sealed box, select separately the cylinder and fix in the pivot outside, and the pivot upper end wears out sealed box up end and is provided with first V type triangular belt wheel, and the motor is fixed on sealed box lateral surface and is provided with the V type triangular belt wheel of second in the motor pivot, and first V type triangular belt sets up on V type triangular belt wheel and the V type triangular belt wheel of second.
Further, the nonmetal discharging device comprises a cleaning brush, a scraping plate device and a nonmetal discharging chute, two ends of the cleaning brush are rotatably arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of the sealing box body, the cleaning brush is in contact with the outer side face of the sorting roller and is positioned in the interval between the end parts of the two adjacent component sorting electrode devices, the scraping plate device is positioned on one side of the cleaning brush, the end head of the scraping plate device abuts against the outer wall of the sorting roller, a third V-shaped triangular belt wheel is arranged at the upper end of the cleaning brush, a fourth V-shaped triangular belt wheel is arranged on a rotating shaft, and the second V-shaped triangular belt is arranged on the third V-shaped triangular belt wheel and the fourth V-shaped triangular belt wheel; the nonmetal discharging chute comprises a first baffle, a second baffle, an inclined plate and a vertical plate, wherein the first baffle and the second baffle are arranged in parallel, one ends of the first baffle and the second baffle are fixed on the inner wall of a sealing box body, a gap is reserved between the other end of the first baffle and the outer wall of a sorting roller, the other end of the second baffle is close to the outer wall of the sorting roller but does not contact the sorting roller, the inclined plate is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the inclined plate is fixed at the bottom of the sealing box body, the upper end of the inclined plate is positioned at the bottom of the outer side surface of the sorting barrel body, the vertical plate is arranged along the vertical direction, and the upper end of the vertical plate is connected with the lower end of the inclined plate.
Further, the sealed box upper end is provided with the tripper, the tripper contains the inlet pipe, two at least circular cone sections and two at least circumference sections, two at least circular cone section lateral surfaces are the circular cone face and the projection face of circular cone section is fan-shaped, circular cone section upper end is connected with the lower extreme of inlet pipe and two at least circular cone sections are the point symmetry setting at the inlet pipe lower extreme, circumference section upper end and circular cone section lower extreme match and fixed connection, circumference section contains circular arc section and buffering cloth section, circular arc section and buffering cloth section are the spiral setting, buffering cloth section is fixed in circular arc section lower extreme exit and is located sorting electrode device top, the outer wall of buffering cloth section inwards inclines to set up.
Further, the corona electrode contains corona support, many short discharge needles and many long discharge needles, and the corona support is the arc support and the radian equals with sorting cylinder outside cambered surface, and short discharge needle and long discharge needle set up along corona support radial line direction and short discharge needle and long discharge needle set up along corona support length direction interval.
Further, the lower extreme of seal box is provided with metal ejection of compact chute, and at least two sets of metal ejection of compact chute are the point symmetry setting in seal box lower extreme and every group metal ejection of compact chute is located the below of a set of separation electrode assembly respectively, and metal ejection of compact chute contains ejection of compact chute cell body and intermediate baffle, and intermediate baffle is fixed in the middle of the ejection of compact chute cell body and is separated ejection of compact chute cell body into metal discharge gate and intermediate material discharge gate, and wherein intermediate material discharge gate is located the below of sorting cylinder lateral wall, and metal discharge gate is located the inboard below of seal box.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: the invention realizes the dry separation of fine slag with the grain diameter less than 2mm, does not generate sewage and salt sludge pollution, has high separation efficiency, and can obtain magnetic metal products and non-magnetic metal products with high purity, and the separation efficiency of metals is more than 90 percent; the high-voltage electrostatic separator solves the problem of separating fine slag, adopts a vertical large-sized roller, and circumferentially arranges a plurality of groups of separating electrode devices for separating solid waste powder, wherein each group of separating electrode devices consists of a plurality of corona electrodes and a plurality of electrostatic electrodes and is arranged in a plurality of layers in the vertical direction, so that a large amount of solid waste powder can be separated from the groups of separating electrode devices for separating powder respectively, multiple times of powder separation in a single roller is realized, the separation precision is improved, the powder separation treatment capacity is greatly improved, and the separation efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dry separation system for fine-grained slag of a waste incineration plant according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vibrating fluidized bed drying and sorting integrated machine of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the high-voltage electrostatic classifier of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the high-voltage electrostatic classifier of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the dispenser of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a metal tapping chute of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to explain in detail the technical solutions adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined technical purposes, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and that technical means or technical features in the embodiments of the present invention may be replaced without inventive effort, and the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the dry separation system for fine slag in a garbage incineration plant comprises a vibrating fluidized bed drying and separation integrated machine 1, a dry high-strength magnetic separator 2 and a high-voltage electrostatic separator 3, wherein the vibrating fluidized bed drying and separation integrated machine 1 divides particles into heavy particles and light particles, a heavy particle outlet is connected with a feed inlet of the dry high-strength magnetic separator 2, the dry high-strength magnetic separator 2 screens out magnetic metals, a residual particle outlet is connected with an inlet of the high-voltage electrostatic separator 3, and the high-voltage electrostatic separator 3 screens out non-magnetic metal particles.
As shown in fig. 2, the vibrating fluidized bed drying and sorting integrated machine 1 comprises a casing 4, a screen plate 5 and a screen plate vibrator, the screen plate 5 is arranged in the casing 4 along the horizontal direction and is connected with the screen plate vibrator, the screen plate vibrator vibrates the screen plate to separate heavy particles and light particles on the upper side of the screen plate, pulse hot air is introduced from a pulse air inlet 6 to dry particles on the screen plate 5 at the lower end of the casing 4, a heavy particle discharge port 7 is formed at the lower end of one side of the casing 4, a light particle outlet 8 is formed at the side surface of the casing 4 corresponding to the height of the light particle layer, and the heavy particle discharge port of the vibrating fluidized bed drying and sorting integrated machine 1 is connected with a feed port of the dry high-strength magnetic separator 2.
The upper end of the shell 4 is provided with a flue gas outlet 9, the flue gas outlet 9 is connected with an inlet of the cyclone dust collector 10, an air outlet of the cyclone dust collector 10 is connected with an inlet of the pulse bag dust collector 11, an air outlet of the pulse bag dust collector 11 is connected with one end of the induced draft fan 12, the other end of the induced draft fan 12 is connected with one end of one path of the heat exchanger 13, and the other end of one path of the heat exchanger 13 discharges waste gas. One end of the other path of the heat exchanger 13 is filled with cold air, the other end of the other path of the heat exchanger 13 is connected with one end of the air blower 14, the other end of the air blower 14 is connected with one end of the heating device 15, and the other end of the heating device 15 is connected with the plurality of pulse air inlets 6 at the lower end of the shell 4.
The vibrating fluidized bed drying and sorting integrated machine 1 continuously feeds fine slag with the grain diameter less than 2mm onto a sieve plate 5 of the vibrating fluidized bed drying and sorting integrated machine 1, low-pressure pulsating hot air is filled into the lower part of the sieve plate 5 to dry materials, the water content of the materials is reduced to be below 1%, meanwhile, the vibrating sieve plate 5 and pulsating hot air flow enable the materials to be layered according to the density difference, the materials with higher density enter the lower layer to become heavy particles, and the materials with lower density enter the upper layer to become light particles, so that the sorting of the fine materials is realized; the heavy particles are directly conveyed to the magnetic separator, and the light particles are directly formed into slag products. Dust generated in the material drying and sorting process is filtered by adopting a dust removing device, so that dust and waste gas with waste heat are obtained, and the waste gas with the waste heat is input into a heat exchanger. The waste gas with waste heat is used for heating cold air by adopting the heat exchanger, so that the waste heat utilization is realized, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the energy consumption can be reduced by about 10-30%; and the heated warm air is conveyed to a heating device for continuous heating, and the waste gas after waste heat recovery is directly discharged. The warm air is continuously heated by a heating device to obtain hot air, and then the hot air is conveyed to the vibrating fluidized bed drying and sorting integrated machine 1. And (3) for heavy particles of the vibrating fluidized bed drying and sorting integrated machine 1, sorting the heavy particles by adopting a dry high-strength magnetic separator 2, sorting magnetic metals in the materials to obtain magnetic metal products, and conveying the remainder to a high-voltage electrostatic separator. And (3) continuously sorting the residual materials after iron removal of the magnetic separator by adopting a high-voltage electrostatic separator 3 to obtain non-magnetic metal products, and sorting the residual materials into slag products.
As shown in fig. 3, the high-voltage electrostatic separator 3 comprises a sealed box 16, a separation roller 17, at least two groups of separation electrode devices and at least two groups of nonmetallic discharge devices, the separation roller 17 is rotatably arranged in the sealed box 16, the at least two groups of separation electrode devices are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the separation roller 17, solid waste powder is fed from the upper end of the sealed box 16 and passes through the at least two groups of separation electrode devices along the outer wall of the separation roller 17, the nonmetallic discharge devices are arranged between the adjacent two groups of separation electrode devices and are positioned on the outer side of the separation roller 17 to remove nonmetallic powder on the outer wall of the separation roller, the separation electrode devices comprise a plurality of corona electrodes 18 and a plurality of static electrodes 19, and the corona electrodes 18 are positioned above the static electrodes 19. The lower end of the sorting roller 17 is connected with a grounding body by a wire. Solid waste powder is fed from the upper end of the sealed box 16 and falls down along the outer wall of the sorting roller 17, when the powder passes through a high-voltage ionization region generated by the corona electrode 18 to be charged into charged particles, the charged particles are deflected towards the sorting roller and are contacted with the roller, the charged particles are quickly released into uncharged particles through the grounding wire of the sorting roller 17 due to good conductivity of the metal particles, and the uncharged particles are separated from the sorting roller to fall down under the deflection effect of an electrostatic field generated by the electrostatic electrode 19, and the non-metal particles are adsorbed on the sorting roller 17 and scraped and collected by a non-metal discharging device.
The sorting electrode device comprises three corona electrodes 18 and two electrostatic electrodes 19 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the sorting electrode device is spirally wound on the outer side of the sorting roller 17, the three corona electrodes 18 and the two electrostatic electrodes 19 are respectively connected with an electrostatic generator 20 fixed on the outer side of the sealing box 16 through wires, and the three corona electrodes 18 and the two electrostatic electrodes 19 are respectively provided with a spacing adjusting mechanism for adjusting the spacing between the corona electrodes 18 and the electrostatic electrodes 19 and the outer wall of the sorting roller 17, wherein the spacing between the corona electrodes 18 and the outer wall of the sorting roller 17 is smaller than the spacing between the electrostatic electrodes 19 and the outer wall of the sorting roller 17. The electrostatic generator 20 may output an electrostatic voltage of 20kV to 60 kV. The distance between the corona electrode 18 and the cylinder wall of the sorting cylinder 17 is adjustable by 40-70 mm, the distance between the static electrode 19 and the cylinder wall of the sorting cylinder 17 is adjustable by 70-110 mm, and the electric field intensity of the corresponding electrode is adjusted by respectively adjusting the distance between the corona electrode 18 and the static electrode 19 and the sorting cylinder 17 and the voltage of each electrode. The 3 corona electrodes 18 are sequentially arranged in layers up and down, so that 3 layers of high-voltage ionization areas can be formed at different heights, and materials can be fully charged. The 2 static electrodes 19 are arranged in layers up and down in sequence, so that 2 layers of high-voltage static areas can be formed at different heights, and the paths of charged materials can be deflected.
The sorting roller 17 and the sealing box 16 are both cylinders, the sorting roller 17 and the sealing box 16 are coaxially arranged, the rotating shaft 21 is arranged on the axis of the sealing box 16, two ends of the rotating shaft 21 are rotatably arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of the sealing box 16, the sorting roller 17 is fixed on the outer side of the rotating shaft 21, the upper end of the rotating shaft 21 penetrates out of the upper end face of the sealing box 16 and is provided with a first V-shaped triangular belt wheel 22, the motor 23 is fixed on the outer side face of the sealing box 16, a second V-shaped triangular belt wheel 24 is arranged on the rotating shaft of the motor 23, and the first V-shaped triangular belt 25 is arranged on the first V-shaped triangular belt wheel 22 and the second V-shaped triangular belt wheel 24. The motor 23 drives the first V-shaped triangular belt wheel 22 to rotate, so that the rotating shaft 21 is driven to rotate through the transmission of the first V-shaped triangular belt 25, and the rotary driving of the sorting roller 17 is realized.
As shown in fig. 4, the nonmetallic discharge device comprises a cleaning brush 26, a scraping device 27 and a nonmetallic discharge chute, wherein two ends of the cleaning brush 26 are rotatably arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of a sealed box body 16, the cleaning brush 26 is in contact with the outer side face of a sorting roller 17 and is positioned in a space between the ends of two adjacent groups of sorting electrode devices, the scraping device 27 is positioned on one side of the cleaning brush 26, the end of the scraping device 27 abuts against the outer wall of the sorting roller 17, a third V-shaped triangular belt pulley 28 is arranged at the upper end of the cleaning brush 26, a fourth V-shaped triangular belt pulley 29 is arranged on a rotating shaft 21, and a second V-shaped triangular belt 30 is arranged on the third V-shaped triangular belt pulley 28 and the fourth V-shaped triangular belt pulley 29. The motor 23 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate, and simultaneously drives the cleaning brush 26 to rotate through the transmission of the second V-shaped triangular belt 30, so that the sorting roller 17 and the cleaning brush 26 rotate along the same clockwise direction, the outer side surface of the cleaning brush 26 and the outer side surface of the sorting roller 17 form relative movement, and the outer side surface of the sorting roller 17 is cleaned by the brush. Meanwhile, through the setting of the transmission ratio of the V-shaped triangular belt wheels, the rotation speed of the cleaning hairbrush 26 is 2.5 times of the rotation speed of the sorting roller 17, and the cleaning effect of the sorting roller 17 is ensured.
The nonmetallic discharge chute comprises a first partition plate 31, a second partition plate 32, an inclined plate 33 and a vertical plate 34, wherein the first partition plate 31 and the second partition plate 32 are arranged in parallel, one ends of the first partition plate 31 and the second partition plate 32 are fixed on the inner wall of the sealed box body 16, and a gap is reserved between the other end of the first partition plate 31 and the outer wall of the sorting roller 17, so that the nonmetallic powder feeding end on the side of the sorting roller 17 is used as a feeding end of nonmetallic powder, and the powder is prevented from being scraped outside the partition plate. The other end of the second partition plate 32 is close to the outer wall of the sorting roller 17 but does not contact the sorting roller 17, the inclined plate 33 is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the inclined plate 33 is fixed at the bottom of the sealing box 16, the upper end of the inclined plate 33 is located at the bottom of the outer side surface of the sorting roller 17, the vertical plate 34 is arranged in the vertical direction, and the upper end of the vertical plate 34 is connected with the lower end of the inclined plate 33. The nonmetallic powder is scraped off from the sorting roller 17 by the scraper and the brush, falls down to the inclined plate 33 along the vertical passage formed by the two partition plates and the inner wall of the sealing box 16, and falls down to the outlet formed by the vertical plate 34 and the bottom side wall of the sealing box 16, thereby collecting nonmetallic powder.
The upper end of the sealed box 16 is provided with a distributor 35, as shown in fig. 5, the distributor 35 comprises a feed pipe 36, at least two conical sections 37 and at least two circumferential sections, the outer side surfaces of the at least two conical sections 37 are conical surfaces, the projection surfaces of the conical sections 37 are fan-shaped, the upper end of the conical sections 37 are connected with the lower end of the feed pipe 36, the at least two conical sections 37 are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the feed pipe 36 in a point-to-point mode, the upper ends of the circumferential sections are matched with the lower ends of the conical sections 37 and fixedly connected with the lower ends of the conical sections 37, the circumferential sections comprise circular arc sections 38 and buffer material sections 39, the circular arc sections 38 and the buffer material sections 39 are spirally arranged, the spiral shapes of the circular arc sections 38 and the buffer material sections 39 are matched with the spiral shapes of the sorting electrode devices, the buffer material sections 39 are fixed at the outlets at the lower ends of the circular arc sections 38 and are located above the sorting electrode devices, and the outer walls of the buffer material sections 39 are obliquely arranged inwards. The solid waste powder is added into the feed pipe 36, enters the conical section 37 at the lower end of the feed pipe 36 for separation, is uniformly distributed in the circular arc section 38, and is discharged to the outer wall of the sorting roller 17 under the buffering of the buffering cloth section 39.
The corona electrode 18 comprises a corona bracket 40, a plurality of short discharge needles 41 and a plurality of long discharge needles 42, the corona bracket 40 is an arc-shaped bracket, the radian of the corona bracket is equal to that of the outer side of the sorting roller 17, the short discharge needles 41 and the long discharge needles 42 are arranged along the radial direction of the corona bracket 40, and the short discharge needles 41 and the long discharge needles 42 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the corona bracket 40. Wherein the lengths of the short discharge needle 41 and the long discharge needle 42 are respectively 15mm and 30mm, and the distance between the adjacent short discharge needle 41 and long discharge needle 42 is 12mm.
As shown in fig. 6, the lower end of the sealed box 16 is provided with metal discharge chutes, at least two groups of metal discharge chutes are arranged at the lower end of the sealed box 16 in a point symmetry manner, each group of metal discharge chute is respectively located below one group of electrode selecting devices, each metal discharge chute comprises a discharge chute body 43 and an intermediate partition 44, the intermediate partition 44 is fixed in the middle of the discharge chute body 43 to divide the discharge chute body 43 into a metal discharge port and an intermediate material discharge port, wherein the intermediate material discharge port is located below the outer side wall of the sorting roller 17, and the metal discharge port is located below the inner side of the sealed box 16.
After the particles containing metals and non-metals enter the inlet of the distributor 35, the particles slide to the circumferential section through the flow guiding surface of the conical section 37, then fall to the buffer section distribution section 39 along the circular arc section 38, fall down along the wall of the sorting drum 17 at a reduced speed and uniformly, enter the high-voltage ionization region generated by the 3 corona electrodes 18 in sequence, are charged and become charged particles, and then deviate to the wall of the sorting drum 17 and contact. Because the metal particles have good conductivity, the charges carried by the metal particles are quickly released through the sorting roller 17 to become uncharged particles, and meanwhile, the uncharged particles are separated from the sorting roller 17 to fall under the deflection effect of the electrostatic field generated by the 2 electrostatic electrodes 19, and fall to a metal discharge port of a metal discharge chute to become a metal product. Because the nonmetallic particles are poor in conductivity, the charges are difficult to release, and the nonmetallic particles are adsorbed on the wall of the rotary sorting drum 17 under the repulsive action of electrostatic fields generated by the 2 electrostatic poles 19 and then are brought into a nonmetallic discharge area, most of the nonmetallic particles are scraped by the scraper device 27, and a small part of the residual adhesion materials are swept by the cleaning hairbrush 26 and fall into a nonmetallic discharge chute to form nonmetallic products. And the particles which are not influenced by an electric field or are not effectively separated vertically fall into an intermediate discharge port of the metal discharge chute to form an intermediate product. The circulation is carried out in such a way, thereby realizing the efficient separation of metal and nonmetal products.
The invention realizes the dry separation of fine slag with the grain diameter less than 2mm, does not generate sewage and salt sludge pollution, has high separation efficiency, and can obtain magnetic metal products and non-magnetic metal products with high purity, and the separation efficiency of metals is more than 90 percent; the high-voltage electrostatic separator solves the problem of separating fine slag, adopts a vertical large-sized roller, and circumferentially arranges a plurality of groups of separating electrode devices for separating solid waste powder, wherein each group of separating electrode devices consists of a plurality of corona electrodes and a plurality of electrostatic electrodes and is arranged in a plurality of layers in the vertical direction, so that a large amount of solid waste powder can be separated from the groups of separating electrode devices for separating powder respectively, multiple times of powder separation in a single roller is realized, the separation precision is improved, the powder separation treatment capacity is greatly improved, and the separation efficiency is improved.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other embodiments, such as those described above, of making various modifications and equivalents will fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A dry separation system for fine slag in a garbage incineration plant is characterized in that: the high-pressure electrostatic separator screens out non-magnetic metal particles and comprises a sealed box body, a separation roller, at least two groups of separation electrode devices and at least two groups of non-metal discharging devices, wherein the separation roller is rotationally arranged in the sealed box body, the at least two groups of separation electrode devices are symmetrically arranged outside the separation roller in a point-to-point manner, solid waste powder is fed from the upper end of the sealed box body and passes through the at least two groups of separation electrode devices along the outer wall of the separation roller, the non-metal discharging devices are arranged between the adjacent two groups of separation electrode devices and are positioned outside the separation roller to remove non-metal powder on the outer wall of the separation roller, the separation electrode devices comprise a plurality of corona electrodes and a plurality of static electrodes, and the corona electrodes are positioned above the static electrodes; the sorting electrode device is spirally wound on the outer side of the sorting roller, and particles containing metal and nonmetal uniformly fall along the wall of the sorting roller;
The utility model provides a sealing box, the sealed box upper end is provided with the tripper, the tripper contains the inlet pipe, at least two circular cone sections and at least two circumference sections, at least two circular cone section lateral surfaces are the circular cone face and the projection face of circular cone section is fan-shaped, circular cone section upper end is connected with the lower extreme of inlet pipe and at least two circular cone sections are the point symmetry setting at the inlet pipe lower extreme, circumference section upper end and circular cone section lower extreme match and fixed connection, the circumference section contains circular arc section and buffering cloth section, circular arc section and buffering cloth section are the spiral setting and circular arc section and buffering cloth section's spiral matches with the spiral of sorting electrode device, buffering cloth section is fixed in circular arc section lower extreme exit and is located sorting electrode device top, buffering cloth section's outer wall inwards inclines to set up, solid useless powder is in adding the inlet pipe and get into the circular cone section respectively in the inlet pipe lower extreme and divide the material, then evenly distributed in the circular arc section after buffering cloth section down to sorting drum's outer wall department.
2. The dry separation system for fine-grained slag in a waste incineration plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the vibrating fluidized bed drying and sorting integrated machine comprises a shell, a screen plate and a screen plate vibrator, wherein the screen plate is arranged in the shell and is connected with the screen plate vibrator, the screen plate is vibrated by the screen plate vibrator to separate heavy particles and light particles, pulse hot air is introduced into the lower end of the shell to dry particles on the screen plate, a heavy particle discharge port is formed in the lower end of one side of the shell, a light particle outlet is formed in the side face of the shell, corresponding to the height of the light particle layer, of the heavy particle discharge port of the vibrating fluidized bed drying and sorting integrated machine is connected with a feed inlet of the dry high-strength magnetic separator.
3. The dry separation system for fine-grained slag in a waste incineration plant according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the upper end of the shell is provided with a flue gas outlet, the flue gas outlet is connected with an inlet of the cyclone dust collector, an air outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with an inlet of the pulse bag dust collector, an air outlet of the pulse bag dust collector is connected with one end of the induced draft fan, the other end of the induced draft fan is connected with one end of one path of the heat exchanger, and the other end of the one path of the heat exchanger discharges waste gas.
4. A fine-grained slag dry sorting system in a waste incineration plant according to claim 3, characterized in that: one end of the other path of the heat exchanger is filled with cold air, the other end of the other path of the heat exchanger is connected with one end of the air blower, the other end of the air blower is connected with one end of the heating device, and the other end of the heating device is connected with a plurality of pulse air inlets at the lower end of the shell.
5. The dry separation system for fine-grained slag in a waste incineration plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the separation electrode device comprises three corona electrodes and two static electrodes which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the separation electrode device is spirally wound on the outer side of the separation roller, the three corona electrodes and the two static electrodes are respectively connected with a static generator fixed on the outer side of the sealing box body through wires, and the three corona electrodes and the two static electrodes are respectively provided with a spacing adjusting mechanism for adjusting the spacing between the corona electrodes and the static electrodes and the outer wall of the separation roller, wherein the spacing between the corona electrodes and the outer wall of the separation roller is smaller than the spacing between the static electrodes and the outer wall of the separation roller.
6. The dry separation system for fine-grained slag in a waste incineration plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sorting roller is cylindrical and the sorting roller and the sealing box are coaxially arranged, the rotating shaft is arranged on the axis of the sealing box, two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of the sealing box, the sorting roller is fixed on the outer side of the rotating shaft, the upper end of the rotating shaft penetrates out of the upper end face of the sealing box and is provided with a first V-shaped triangular belt wheel, the motor is fixed on the outer side face of the sealing box, the motor rotating shaft is provided with a second V-shaped triangular belt wheel, and the first V-shaped triangular belt wheel is arranged on the first V-shaped triangular belt wheel and the second V-shaped triangular belt wheel.
7. The dry separation system for fine-grained slag in a waste incineration plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the nonmetal discharging device comprises a cleaning brush, a scraping plate device and a nonmetal discharging chute, wherein two ends of the cleaning brush are rotatably arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of the sealing box body, the cleaning brush is in contact with the outer side face of the sorting roller and is positioned in the interval between the ends of two adjacent groups of sorting electrode devices, the scraping plate device is positioned on one side of the cleaning brush, the end head of the scraping plate device is abutted against the outer wall of the sorting roller, the upper end of the cleaning brush is provided with a third V-shaped triangular belt wheel, a fourth V-shaped triangular belt wheel is arranged on a rotating shaft, and the second V-shaped triangular belt is arranged on the third V-shaped triangular belt wheel and the fourth V-shaped triangular belt wheel; the nonmetal discharging chute comprises a first baffle, a second baffle, an inclined plate and a vertical plate, wherein the first baffle and the second baffle are arranged in parallel, one ends of the first baffle and the second baffle are fixed on the inner wall of a sealing box body, a gap is reserved between the other end of the first baffle and the outer wall of a sorting roller, the other end of the second baffle is close to the outer wall of the sorting roller but does not contact the sorting roller, the inclined plate is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the inclined plate is fixed at the bottom of the sealing box body, the upper end of the inclined plate is positioned at the bottom of the outer side surface of the sorting barrel body, the vertical plate is arranged along the vertical direction, and the upper end of the vertical plate is connected with the lower end of the inclined plate.
8. The dry separation system for fine-grained slag in a waste incineration plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the corona electrode comprises a corona bracket, a plurality of short discharge needles and a plurality of long discharge needles, wherein the corona bracket is an arc bracket, the radian of the corona bracket is equal to that of the outer side of the sorting roller, the short discharge needles and the long discharge needles are arranged along the radial direction of the corona bracket, and the short discharge needles and the long discharge needles are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the corona bracket.
9. The dry separation system for fine-grained slag in a waste incineration plant according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the lower extreme of seal box is provided with metal ejection of compact chute, and two at least groups of metal ejection of compact chute are the point symmetry setting in seal box lower extreme and every group metal ejection of compact chute is located the below of a set of selective electrode device respectively, and metal ejection of compact chute contains ejection of compact chute cell body and intermediate baffle, and the intermediate baffle is fixed in the middle of the ejection of compact chute cell body and is separated into metal discharge gate and intermediate material discharge gate with ejection of compact chute cell body, and wherein intermediate material discharge gate is located the below of sorting cylinder lateral wall, and the metal discharge gate is located the inboard below of seal box.
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