JP3355773B2 - Cyclone - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cyclone for separating powders contained in an air stream.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a process of using a granular material such as a cement plant, or in a field where the granular material is subjected to a physical and chemical reaction treatment such as drying, burning, calcining and heat exchange in an air stream. Then, an operation of separating the treated powder and granular material from the airflow is performed. Generally, a cyclone, an electrostatic precipitator, or the like is used for separating such a granular material.

An example of a conventionally used cyclone will be described with reference to a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 5. An inlet 2 is provided in a tangential direction at an upper portion of a cylindrical portion 1 arranged in a vertical direction. A conical portion 3 having a smaller diameter at the lower portion is provided integrally with a lower portion of 1. At the center of the cylindrical portion 1, a vertical exhaust inner cylindrical portion 4 is provided so as to protrude above an upper surface that covers an upper end of the cylindrical portion 1.

[0004] The air flow containing the granular material flows from the tangential inlet portion 2 into the cylindrical portion 1 and turns into a swirling flow in the cylindrical portion 1, and the granular material is centrifugally moved to the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 1. And fall out from the lower end of the conical part 3. The air flow from which the powder and the granular material have been separated rises in the exhaust inner cylinder 4 and the exhaust inner cylinder 4
Taken out from the top of

In a conventional electric dust collector, an airflow containing powder particles is passed between a dust collecting member to which a positive voltage is applied and a discharge electrode to which a negative voltage is applied, and is negatively charged. The powder is sucked into the dust collecting member having a positive potential and separated from the airflow.

[0006]

The efficiency of dust collection by a cyclone used in a conventional preheating apparatus for cement raw materials is usually about 90%, and at most about 96%, and a further higher dust collection efficiency cannot be expected. Was. The particle size of the powder is 20
If it is less than μm, the dust collection efficiency is extremely deteriorated,
There was a disadvantage that particles of about m could not be collected.

[0007] Further, in the conventional electric precipitator, when the dust content of the air stream is high, it is necessary to install a pre-collector in the preceding stage, and the dust collecting member and the discharge electrode are arranged in parallel to the flow of the air stream. In such an electric dust collector, if the air flow is not flown at a low speed, the dust is not collected and is likely to pass downstream, so that the air flow speed needs to be at most about 1.5 m / sec. When the amount is large, there is a disadvantage that the cross-sectional area of the electric precipitator increases.

The present invention eliminates such conventional disadvantages,
It is an object to provide a cyclone with high dust collection efficiency.

[0009]

The cyclone of the present invention comprises:
An inlet portion provided tangentially at an upper portion of the vertical cylindrical portion, a conical portion provided at a lower portion of the cylindrical portion and having a smaller diameter at a lower portion, and an upper end provided at a center of a ceiling of the cylindrical portion so as to hang down.
There the exhaust cylinder portion projecting above the cylindrical portion, and a discharge electrode to which a negative voltage is applied is provided on the inlet side of the lower end of the exhaust in the cylinder portion, it is provided below the dissipating electrode A dust collecting member to which a positive voltage is applied.

[0010]

[Function] Due to the electric field generated by the discharge electrode and the dust collecting member, the particles have a charge, and the fine particles aggregate to increase the apparent particle size, and are separated from the airflow by centrifugal force in the cylindrical portion. By being sucked and collected by the dust collecting member, the amount of the granular material contained in the airflow is extremely reduced.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, and an inlet 2 is provided in the tangential direction of the cylinder 1 as shown in FIG. A conical portion 3 having a smaller diameter at the lower portion is provided integrally with a lower portion of 1. In the center of the cylindrical portion 1, a vertical exhaust inner cylindrical portion 4 is provided.
The exhaust inner cylinder portion 4 is provided to hang down from the ceiling of the cylindrical portion 1 , and the lower end of the exhaust inner cylindrical portion 4 is opened at the upper and lower middle portion of the cylindrical portion 1, and the upper end is higher than the upper surface closing the upper end of the cylindrical portion 1. It protrudes and is open.

At a location slightly above the lower end of the exhaust inner cylinder 4, a mesh-shaped discharge electrode 5 extends over the entire cross section between the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 1 and the outer periphery of the exhaust inner cylinder 4. It is provided horizontally so as to be electrically insulated from the cylindrical portion 1 and the exhaust inner cylindrical portion 4 by the insulating material 14 and to be able to slightly vibrate.

At a position slightly lower than the lower end of the exhaust inner cylindrical portion 4, a perforated plate-shaped dust collecting member 6 is provided so as to be able to vibrate horizontally and slightly over the entire cross section of the cylindrical portion 1. Have been.

Then, a negative voltage is applied to the discharge electrode 5 from the DC high-voltage power supply 7 and a positive voltage is applied to the dust collecting member 6, and the discharge electrode 5 and the dust collecting member 6 are separated from each other by a hammer 8,
8 can be made to vibrate.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of the hammering device 8. The hammering bar 9 fixed to the discharge electrode 5 and the dust collecting member 6 can slide the cylindrical portion 1 densely and slidably. And protrudes out of the cylindrical portion 1. A collar portion 10 is integrally formed at the tip of the hammering bar 9, and a spring 11 is provided between the collar portion 10 and the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 1. For this reason, the hammering rod 9 is urged by the spring 11 in a direction protruding from the cylindrical portion 1 so that the collar portion 10 is pressed against the hammering cam 12.

The hammering cam 12 is fixed to a rotating shaft 13. When the hammering cam 12 rotates clockwise with the rotating shaft 13, the collar portion 10 of the hammering cam 12 is rotated.
The portion which comes into contact with becomes gradually larger in diameter, and the collar portion 10, the hammering bar 9, the discharge electrode 5 or the dust collecting member 6 is integrally turned toward the inside of the cylindrical portion 1 against the force of the spring 11. They will be moved.

As the hammering cam 12 further rotates clockwise, the portion of the hammering cam 12 which comes into contact with the collar portion 10 rapidly decreases in diameter, and the collar portion 10, the hammering bar 9, the discharge electrode 5 or the collecting electrode The dust member 6 rapidly moves in a direction protruding from the cylindrical portion 1 by the force of the spring 11.

As the hammering cam 12 continues to rotate, the discharge electrode 5 or the dust collecting member 6 is vibrated right and left. In the figure, reference numeral 8a denotes a cover.

Next, the operation of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described.

The air flow containing the granular material flows into the cylindrical portion 1 from the tangential inlet portion 2 as shown by the arrow a, forms a swirling flow in the cylindrical portion 1 and gradually descends to form a mesh. Pass through the discharge electrode 5.

When passing through the discharge electrode 5 to which a negative voltage is applied, the particles contained in the air flow fall along the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 1 due to the centrifugal force of the swirling flow, and at the same time, fall. Is attracted to the dust collecting member 6 which is negatively charged by the negative ions discharged from the fine particles, aggregates the fine particles to each other, and has an apparent particle diameter which is increased to a positive potential, and further falls and is indicated by an arrow b. Is taken out from the lower end of the conical part 3 as shown in FIG.

Since the fine particles having a very small diameter adhere to the discharge electrode 5, and in particular, remain in the state of being attracted to the dust collecting member 6, the hammering devices 8, 8 cause the discharge particle 5 and the dust collecting member to be kept. When each of the vibrators 6 is vibrated, the fine particles adhering to the discharge electrode 5 and the dust collecting member 6 are shaken off and fall in a state where the apparent particle diameter becomes large, and are taken out from the lower end of the conical portion 3.

The air flow separated into fine particles rises in the exhaust inner cylinder 4, and as shown by arrow c, the exhaust inner cylinder 4
Taken out from the top of

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention, and the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a discharge electrode 5 is provided at the inlet 2 upstream of the lower end of the exhaust inner cylinder 4, and a funnel-shaped dust collecting member 15 is provided below the lower end of the exhaust inner cylinder 4. It is provided inside a certain conical portion 3. The discharge electrode 5 is electrically insulated from the inlet 2 by the insulating material 14 and can be vibrated by the hammer 8.
5 can also be vibrated by the hammering device 8. A negative voltage is applied to the discharge electrode 5 from the DC high-voltage power supply 7, and a positive voltage is applied to the dust collecting member 15.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the air flow containing the granular material flows in from the tangential inlet 2 as shown by the arrow a, and the granular material contained in the air flow is discharged from the discharge electrode 5. It is negatively charged by negative ions discharged from.

The air flow containing the granular material flows into the cylindrical portion 1 from the inlet portion 2 to form a swirling flow, and the granular material falls down along the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 1 by centrifugal force due to the swirling flow. The dust is collected by the dust collecting member 15 which has a positive potential, falls further, and is taken out from the lower end of the conical portion 3 as shown by an arrow b.

When the discharge electrode 5 and the dust collecting member 15 are vibrated by the hammering device 8, the fine particles adhering to the discharge electrode 5 and the dust collecting member 15 fall in a state where the apparent particle diameter becomes large. It is taken out from the lower end of the conical part 3.

The air flow separated into fine particles rises in the exhaust inner cylinder 4, and as shown by arrow c, the exhaust inner cylinder 4
Taken out from the top of

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in the drawings, but includes a plurality of discharge electrodes 5 and a plurality of dust collection members 6 and a configuration in which dust collection members are disposed upstream and downstream of an air flow with the discharge electrodes interposed therebetween. , The embodiment of FIG. 1 and the embodiment of FIG. 4 can be combined. Further, when the discharge electrode 5 is not in a mesh shape but in a radial shape or a perforated plate shape, the dust collecting member 6 can be implemented in various shapes such as a grid shape instead of a perforated plate.

[0032]

According to the present invention, fine powders which cannot be collected by the conventional cyclone can be separated from the airflow, and even in the airflow having a high concentration of dust, unlike the conventional electric precipitator, it can be separated in the front stage. There is no need to install a spare dust collector, and there is an effect that the dust collection efficiency can be increased with a simple configuration.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of a hammering device.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional cyclone.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylindrical part 2 Inlet part 3 Conical part 4 Exhaust inner cylinder part 5 Discharge electrode 6 Dust collecting member 15 Dust collecting member

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Abe 3-2-16-1 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawa-jima-Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. Toyosu Sogo Office (56) References U) Real opening 49-56569 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B03C 3/00-3/88

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An inlet portion provided tangentially above a vertical cylindrical portion, a conical portion provided below the cylindrical portion and having a smaller diameter at a lower portion, and a conical portion hanging down from a center of a ceiling of the cylindrical portion. and exhaust cylindrical portion <br/> provided upper end projecting above the cylindrical portion Te, a discharge electrode where the negative voltage is provided to the inlet side is applied from the lower end of the exhaust in the cylinder portion, the A cyclone comprising a dust collecting member provided below the discharge electrode and applied with a positive voltage.