CN112915707A - Coupling cyclone electric bag particle separation device and separation method - Google Patents
Coupling cyclone electric bag particle separation device and separation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112915707A CN112915707A CN202110104037.9A CN202110104037A CN112915707A CN 112915707 A CN112915707 A CN 112915707A CN 202110104037 A CN202110104037 A CN 202110104037A CN 112915707 A CN112915707 A CN 112915707A
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Abstract
The invention provides a coupling cyclone electrostatic bag particle separation device and a separation method, wherein the separation device comprises an air inlet system, an electrostatic separation system, a filtering separation system, a first particle collection system and a second particle collection system; the electrostatic separation system comprises a first chamber, a central insulating tube arranged at the central axis of the first chamber, an annular cathode wire surrounded by the outer wall of the central insulating tube, an annular anode plate surrounding the inner wall of the first chamber and a particle scraper arranged on the inner side of the top end of the annular anode plate. The separation device is simultaneously coupled with centrifugal separation, electrostatic separation and filtering separation, and the synergistic and efficient separation of particles in the whole particle size range is realized through the structural design of an electrostatic separation system; the separation method has the advantages of simple flow, high separation efficiency of the particles and good industrial application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas-solid separation, and particularly relates to a device and a method for separating particles by coupling cyclone electric bags.
Background
The process of removing and separating fine particles is one of the key issues concerned in the fields of environmental protection, nano material preparation, chemical industry and the like. In the field of environmental protection, fine Particulate Matter (PM) present in the atmospheric environment2.5) Will cause great harm to human health, and the fine particulate matters generated in the coal burning process in the coal-fired power plant are PM in the atmosphere2.5Is the main source of (1). At present, more than 90% of coal-fired power plants in China mostly adopt an electrostatic dust removal principle to remove dust particles in flue gas, but because fine particles with the particle size range of 0.1-1.0 mu m are in a weak action area of field charge and diffusion charge, the charge capacity of the particles is less, so that the removal effect of the part of particles is poor, and the improvement of the whole removal efficiency is restricted. In addition, the large occupied space of the electrostatic dust collection device is one of the main factors restricting the popularization and the application of the electrostatic dust collection device in multiple fields. In addition, in the field of preparing nano powder materials by flame synthesis, because the synthesized nano particles have small particle size and good flowability, the high-efficiency collection of the particles is difficult, a complex particle collection process is often needed, the collection efficiency is not ideal, and meanwhile, part of particles which are not collected are inevitably discharged into the air, which also influences the health of human bodies. Under the background of the above demands, it is urgently needed to develop equipment which has a compact structure and small occupied space and is suitable for the efficient separation and removal of particulate matters in multiple fields.
CN103736356A discloses a compound desorption fine particles device of sound wave coagulation-conventional dust removal, the device lays line sound source or plane sound source at flue gas pipeline four sides or adjacent two sides, utilizes the sound wave reunion mechanism to make fine particles adsorb to big particulate matter or fine particles agglomerate into big particulate matter, utilizes conventional dust remover to remove dust, although can remove fine particles to a certain extent, the desorption efficiency is lower.
CN 208599950U discloses a high-efficient rotatory closed electrostatic precipitator, including casing and support, casing lower extreme fixed mounting has the support, and the casing left end is provided with the air intake, and the casing right-hand member is provided with first air outlet, and one side fixed mounting that the shells inner wall upper end is close to the air intake has the ionizer, and the middle part of ionizer surface is provided with discharge electrode rapping device, and shells outer wall upper end fixed mounting has first transmission of rapping. The device enables dust-containing gas to do centrifugal motion by arranging the helical blades, the dust-containing gas collides with the fan-shaped bulges, the dust falls from the crack under stress, and the gas is discharged from the second air outlet, so that the dust and the gas are separated; and through setting up the shower nozzle in the closed box, spout water smoke when gas is centrifugal motion, wash the dust to the ash falling mouth. The spiral blades of the device accumulate dust for a long time and are difficult to clean, and if the blades are damaged, the replacement cost is high; and the dust is washed insufficiently by the water mist.
In conclusion, how to provide a novel high-efficient desorption device of fine particles based on multi-technology synergism, realize the high-efficient separation in coordination to granule within the whole particle diameter scope, and compact structure, occupation of land space is little, becomes the current problem that awaits solution.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a coupling cyclone electric bag particle separating device and a separating method, wherein the separating device is simultaneously coupled with a plurality of separating principles to realize the synergistic efficient separation of particles in the whole particle size range; the separation method has simple flow and high particulate matter removal rate, and has better industrial application prospect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the invention provides a coupled cyclone electric bag particle separation device, which comprises an air inlet system, an electrostatic separation system, a filtering separation system, a first particle collection system and a second particle collection system;
the outlet of the air inlet system is connected with the inlet at the upper end of the electrostatic separation system; the upper end outlet of the electrostatic separation system is connected with the filtering separation system; the lower end outlet of the electrostatic separation system is connected with the first particle collection system; the lower end outlet of the filtering and separating system is connected with the second particle collecting system;
the electrostatic separation system comprises a first chamber, a central insulating tube, an annular cathode wire, an annular anode plate and a particle scraper; a central insulating pipe is arranged at the central axis of the first chamber; the outer wall of the central insulating tube is provided with an annular cathode wire in a surrounding manner; an annular anode plate is arranged on the inner wall of the first chamber in a surrounding manner; and a particle scraper is arranged on the inner side of the top end of the annular anode plate.
In the invention, the separation device is simultaneously coupled with the advantages of centrifugal separation, electrostatic separation and filtering separation principles, so that the synergistic and efficient separation of particles in the whole particle size range is realized; meanwhile, the structural arrangement is adopted, so that the diameter of the annular anode plate can be increased, the circumferential size of the electric field is increased, and the efficient separation of airflow with larger particulate matters is promoted; the device has small occupied space and compact structure, and is beneficial to industrial application.
In the invention, centrifugal separation and electrostatic separation can be simultaneously carried out in the electrostatic separation system, thereby further improving the separation efficiency of the particulate matters.
In the invention, the annular cathode wire in the electrostatic system is applied with negative direct current high voltage in the separation process to generate corona discharge, a large amount of negative ions and electrons can be generated between the annular cathode wire and the annular anode plate, the particles are charged due to the collision of the particles and the negative ions and the electrons in the process of the airflow containing the particles flowing in a rotating manner, and the charged particles further move to the annular anode plate under the action of electric field force and are captured by the annular anode plate.
The following technical solutions are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but not limited to the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and technical objects and advantageous effects of the present invention can be better achieved and achieved by the following technical solutions.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the air intake system includes an air intake pipe, and the air intake pipe is tangentially disposed at an upper end of the first chamber.
According to the invention, the air inlet pipe is tangentially arranged at the upper end of the first chamber, so that the airflow containing particles can generate rotary flow after entering the first chamber, and in the airflow rotation process, as the density of the particles is far greater than that of gas, the particles generate radial migration force pointing to the annular anode plate under the action of centrifugal force, so that the particles are promoted to move towards the annular anode plate and attach to the annular anode plate.
Preferably, a particle agglomerator is disposed inside the air inlet pipe.
According to the invention, the particle agglomerator can make airflow form turbulent flow, promote collision coalescence among fine particles, increase the particle size of the particles and facilitate subsequent separation.
Preferably, at least 1 spoiler is arranged inside the particle agglomerator, for example, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 or 15, etc., but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited within this range of values are equally applicable.
In the present invention, the disturbance fluid is provided to disturb the airflow, and therefore, the disturbance fluid may be provided as a structure body having any shape capable of disturbing the airflow, such as a triangle or a circle.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the first chamber is cylindrical.
Preferably, the first chamber is made of an insulating material or lined with an insulating material.
Preferably, both ends of the central insulating tube are tapered.
Preferably, the central insulating tube has a hollow structure.
In the invention, the hollow structure of the central insulating tube can be used for arranging the electrode lead.
Preferably, the annular cathode wire is uniformly provided with barbs.
Preferably, the annular anode plate is of a cylindrical structure.
Preferably, the particle scraper is connected with a link mechanism, and the link mechanism extends out of the separation device.
In the invention, the connecting rod mechanism in the electrostatic system can drive the particle scraper to move along the axial direction of the annular anode plate so as to scrape off particles attached to the inner wall of the annular anode plate.
Preferably, the lower end of the annular anode plate is grounded through a lead.
In the invention, after the negatively charged particles are captured by the annular anode plate, the negative charges on the particles are released through the grounded lead.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first particle collection system includes a first cone and a bottom center tube.
Preferably, the first particle collection system further comprises a first particle collection chamber and a first particle discharge tube.
Preferably, the first cone cylinder is a structure formed by combining an upper tapered cone and a lower circular tube.
Preferably, the large diameter end of the first cone is connected to the lower portion of the first chamber.
Preferably, the first particle collection chamber is of a funnel-shaped configuration.
In the invention, the funnel-shaped structure is beneficial to collecting the particles falling after separation.
Preferably, the lower end of the first particle collecting chamber is connected to the first particle discharge pipe.
Preferably, a particle discharge valve is provided on the first particle discharge pipe.
Preferably, the bottom center tube is disposed on a central axis of the first cone.
Preferably, the upper end inlet of the bottom central tube is in a flaring structure and extends into the interior of the first cone.
As a preferable technical scheme, the filtering and separating system comprises a second chamber, a top central pipe, a connecting pipe and a cloth bag.
Preferably, the second chamber is sleeved outside the first chamber or is arranged in series with the first chamber.
Preferably, the second chamber is connected to the top center tube by the connecting tube.
Preferably, the connecting tube is tangentially connected to a sidewall of the second chamber.
Preferably, the cloth bags are uniformly arranged inside the second chamber.
Preferably, the number of bags is at least 1, such as 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, or 15, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited within the range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the cloth bag comprises any one of circular arc, rectangular or circular or a combination of at least two of these, typical but non-limiting examples being: a combination of circular arcs and circles, a combination of circular arcs and rectangles, a combination of rectangles and circles, and the like.
In the invention, in the flowing process of the airflow containing a small amount of fine particles in the second chamber, the airflow is disturbed and filtered by the uniformly arranged cloth bags, the airflow easily passes through the cloth bags, the fine particles are filtered and attached to the filter cloth of the cloth bags, and further separation and removal of the unseparated fine particles in the first chamber are realized.
Preferably, the upper end of the cloth bag is independently provided with a pulse airflow pipeline.
In the invention, the pulse airflow pipeline is used for blowing off the particle layer on the outer wall of the cloth bag after particulate matters attached to the outer wall of the cloth bag are accumulated to a certain degree.
Preferably, the second chamber is provided with a clean gas flow outlet pipe.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second particle collection system includes a second cone, a second particle collection chamber, and a second particle discharge pipe.
Preferably, the second cone is a structure formed by an upper tapered cone and a lower round tube.
Preferably, the large diameter end of the second cone is connected to the lower portion of the second chamber.
Preferably, the lower round tube of the second cone is connected with the upper part of the second particle collecting cavity.
Preferably, the lower end of the second particle collecting chamber is connected to the second particle discharge pipe.
Preferably, the second particle discharge pipe is provided with a particle discharge valve.
Preferably, when the second chamber is sleeved outside the first chamber, the lower end circular tube of the first conical tube extends into the upper part of the second particle collecting chamber; the diameter of the lower end circular tube of the first conical cylinder is smaller than that of the upper end inlet of the second particle collecting cavity.
Preferably, when the second chamber and the first chamber are arranged in series, the lower end circular tube of the first conical cylinder is connected with the upper part of the first particle collecting cavity.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the separation device further includes a circulation line disposed outside the first chamber.
Preferably, the lower outlet of the bottom central tube passes through the first particle collecting cavity and the first particle discharging tube or the second particle collecting cavity and the second particle discharging tube in sequence and is connected with the bottom inlet of the circulating pipeline.
Preferably, a particle agglomerator is disposed inside the circulation line.
Preferably, the outlet of the circulation line is connected tangentially to the first chamber or to the inlet line.
Preferably, a circulation pipeline valve is arranged on the circulation pipeline.
In the invention, the circulating pipeline valve is used for adjusting the circulating gas flow.
In the invention, the flow distribution and the flow resistance among the particulate matter-containing airflows can be optimally regulated and controlled by optimally designing the flow cross-sectional areas of the second chamber, the first chamber and the circulating pipeline and installing valves on each channel and pipeline, so that the flow distribution and the flow resistance of the particulate matter-containing airflows in the second chamber, the first chamber and the circulating pipeline can be reasonably matched.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a separation method for separation using the above separation apparatus, the separation method comprising the steps of:
and introducing the air flow containing the particles to carry out centrifugal separation, electrostatic separation and filtering separation to obtain clean air flow and particles.
In the invention, the separation method realizes high-efficiency dust removal through centrifugal separation, electrostatic separation and filtering separation; the separation method has simple process and better industrial application prospect.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, part of the gas flow containing the particulate matters enters a circulating pipeline after centrifugal separation and electrostatic separation to participate in circulation.
In the invention, the arrangement of the circulating airflow can further improve the separation efficiency on one hand, and can promote the downward circulating reciprocating flow of the airflow in the inner side cavity on the other hand.
Preferably, the flow rate of the gas stream taking part in the circulation is 10-25% of the total flow rate of the particulate matter-containing gas stream, such as 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, etc., but not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range of values are equally applicable.
In the invention, if the flow of the air flow participating in the circulation is too large, the flow velocity of the air flow in the separation device is too high, the retention time of particulate matters in the device is shortened, and the separation efficiency is reduced; if the flow rate of the air flow which participates in the circulation is too small, the rotational speed of the air flow in the separation device is reduced, the radial migration force of the particulate matter to the wall surface is reduced, and the separation efficiency is also reduced.
As the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the flow rate of the particle-containing airflow is 500-5000 m3H, e.g. 500m3/h、1000m3/h、2000m3/h、3000m3/h、4000m3H or 5000m3And/h, etc., but are not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited within the numerical range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the voltage applied to the ring-shaped cathode wire during the electrostatic separation is 10-60 kV, such as 10kV, 20kV, 30kV, 40kV, 50kV or 60kV, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the separation device disclosed by the invention is simultaneously coupled with the advantages of centrifugal separation, electrostatic separation and filtering separation principles, so that the synergistic and efficient separation of particles in the whole particle size range is realized;
(2) the separation device adopts the structural design of the central insulating tube and the annular cathode wire, promotes the charged separation process of the particulate matters, and is beneficial to increasing the diameter of the annular anode plate, thereby increasing the circumferential size of an electric field and promoting the efficient separation of airflow with larger particulate matters;
(3) the separation device has small occupied space and compact structure, can be flexibly designed according to the characteristics and the treatment capacity of the airflow containing the particles, and is convenient to integrate with processes related to fine particle separation and removal, such as environmental protection, chemical engineering, nano material preparation and the like;
(4) the separation method has simple flow, and the separation efficiency of the particulate matter can reach more than 99.52 percent; and the separation efficiency of the particles can reach more than 99.65 percent by further controlling the ratio of the circulating airflow to the total particle-containing airflow.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particle separator provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a particle separator with a coupled cyclone electrostatic bag according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a particle separator with a coupled cyclone electrostatic bag according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the plane A-A of the coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particle separator provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a particle agglomerator in the coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particle separator provided in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an airflow direction and a particulate matter charging process of the coupled cyclone electric bag particulate matter separation device provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention during an operation process;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrostatic separation system and a filtration separation system in a coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particle separator according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrostatic separation system and a filtration separation system of a coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particle separator provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particle separator provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the plane B-B of the coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particle separator in accordance with embodiment 4 of the present invention;
wherein, 1-air inlet pipe, 2-particle scraper, 3-circulation pipeline, 4-second chamber, 5-circulation pipeline valve, 6-cloth bag, 7-first cone, 8-second cone, 9-1-first particle collection chamber, 9-2-second particle collection chamber, 10-bottom central pipe, 11-particle discharge valve, 12-1-first particle discharge pipe, 12-2-second particle discharge pipe, 13-clean airflow outlet pipe, 14-prickle, 15-annular anode plate, 16-annular cathode line, 17-connecting pipe, 18-top central pipe, 19-first chamber, 20-link mechanism, 21-pulse airflow pipeline, 22-particle agglomerator, 23-central insulating tube, 24-turbulent flow.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are only simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.
The invention provides a coupling cyclone electric bag particle separating device and a separating method, wherein the separating device comprises an air inlet system, an electrostatic separating system, a filtering and separating system, a first particle collecting system and a second particle collecting system;
the outlet of the air inlet system is connected with the inlet at the upper end of the electrostatic separation system; the upper end outlet of the electrostatic separation system is connected with the filtering separation system; the lower end outlet of the electrostatic separation system is connected with the first particle collection system; the lower end outlet of the filtering and separating system is connected with the second particle collecting system;
the electrostatic separation system comprises a first chamber 19, a central insulating tube 23, an annular cathode wire 16, an annular anode plate 15 and a particle scraper 2; a central insulating pipe 23 is arranged at the central axis of the first chamber 19; the outer wall of the central insulating tube 23 is provided with an annular cathode wire 16 in a surrounding manner; the inner wall of the first chamber 19 is provided with an annular anode plate 15 in a surrounding way; and a particle scraper 2 is arranged on the inner side of the top end of the annular anode plate 15.
The separation method adopting the device comprises the following steps:
and introducing the air flow containing the particles to carry out centrifugal separation, electrostatic separation and filtering separation to obtain clean air flow and particles.
The following are typical but non-limiting examples of the invention:
example 1:
the embodiment provides a coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particle separating device and a separating method, wherein the separating device is shown in a schematic structural diagram in fig. 1, a side view in fig. 2, a perspective view in fig. 3, and a cross-sectional view along a plane a-a in fig. 1 in fig. 4.
The separation device comprises an air inlet system, an electrostatic separation system, a filtering separation system, a first particle collection system and a second particle collection system;
the outlet of the air inlet system is connected with the inlet at the upper end of the electrostatic separation system; the upper end outlet of the electrostatic separation system is connected with the filtering separation system; the lower end outlet of the electrostatic separation system is connected with the first particle collection system; the lower end outlet of the filtering and separating system is connected with the second particle collecting system;
the electrostatic separation system comprises a first chamber 19, a central insulating tube 23, an annular cathode wire 16, an annular anode plate 15 and a particle scraper 2; a central insulating pipe 23 is arranged at the central axis of the first chamber 19; the outer wall of the central insulating tube 23 is provided with an annular cathode wire 16 in a surrounding manner; the inner wall of the first chamber 19 is provided with an annular anode plate 15 in a surrounding way; and a particle scraper 2 is arranged on the inner side of the top end of the annular anode plate 15.
The air inlet system comprises an air inlet pipe 1, and the air inlet pipe 1 is tangentially arranged at the upper end of the first chamber 19; a particle agglomerator 22 is arranged inside the air inlet pipe 1; the inside of the particle agglomerator 22 is provided with 10 triangular turbulence bodies, and the schematic structural diagram of the particle agglomerator 22 is shown in fig. 5.
The first chamber 19 is cylindrical; the first chamber 19 is made of a ceramic material; the two ends of the central insulating tube 23 are conical; the central insulating tube 23 is of a hollow structure; the annular cathode line 16 is uniformly provided with prickles 14; the annular anode plate 15 is of a cylindrical structure; the particle scraper 2 is connected with a link mechanism 20, and the link mechanism 20 extends out of the separation device; the lower end of the annular anode plate 15 is grounded through a lead.
The first particle collection system comprises a first cone 7 and a bottom center tube 10; the first cone cylinder 7 is in a structure that the upper part is contracted with a cone and the lower part is a round pipe; the large diameter end of the first cone 7 is connected with the lower part of the first chamber 19; the bottom central tube 10 is arranged on the central axis of the first conical cylinder 7; the upper end inlet of the bottom central tube 10 is in a flaring structure and extends into the first conical cylinder 7.
The filtering and separating system comprises a second chamber 4, a top central pipe 18, a connecting pipe 17 and a cloth bag 6; the second chamber 4 is sleeved outside the first chamber 19; the second chamber 4 is connected to the top central tube 18 by the connecting tube 17; the connecting pipe 17 is tangentially connected to the side wall of the second chamber 4; the cloth bags 6 are 12 circular arc-shaped cloth bags and are uniformly arranged in the second chamber 4; the upper end of the cloth bag 6 is independently provided with a pulse airflow pipeline 21; the second chamber 4 is provided with a clean gas stream outlet duct 13.
The second particle collection system comprises a second cone 8, a second particle collection chamber 9-2 and a second particle discharge pipe 12-2; the second cone 8 is a structure with an upper part tapered and a lower part round pipe; the large-diameter end of the second cone 8 is connected with the lower part of the second chamber 4; the lower end circular tube of the second cone 8 is connected with the upper part of the second particle collecting cavity 9-2; the lower end of the second particle collecting chamber 9-2 is connected with the second particle discharge pipe 12-2; the second particle discharge pipe 12-2 is provided with a particle discharge valve 11; the lower end circular pipe of the first conical cylinder 7 extends into the upper part of the second particle collecting cavity 9-2; the diameter of a circular tube at the lower end of the first conical cylinder 7 is smaller than that of an inlet at the upper end of the second particle collecting cavity 9-2.
The separation device further comprises a circulation line 3, said circulation line 3 being arranged outside said first chamber 19; the lower end outlet of the bottom central tube 10 sequentially passes through the second particle collecting cavity 9-2 and the second particle discharging tube 12-2 and is connected with the bottom inlet of the circulating pipeline 3; a particle agglomerator 22 is arranged inside the circulating pipeline 3; the outlet of the circulation pipeline 3 is tangentially connected to the first chamber 19 and is positioned below the air inlet pipe 1; and a circulating pipeline valve 5 is arranged on the circulating pipeline 3.
The separation method adopting the separation device is shown in fig. 6, wherein the schematic diagram of the airflow direction and the particulate matter charging process in the operation process comprises the following steps:
the inlet flow rate is 500m3Carrying out centrifugal separation, electrostatic separation and filtering separation on the particle-containing airflow to obtain clean airflow and particles, wherein the voltage applied by the annular cathode wire 16 in the electrostatic separation process is 10 kV; part of the airflow after centrifugal separation and electrostatic separation returns through the circulating pipeline 3 to participate in circulation, and the flow rate of the airflow participating in circulation is 10% of the total flow rate of the airflow containing the particulate matters.
Example 2:
the present embodiment provides a coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particle separator and a separation method, wherein the cross-sectional schematic diagrams of an electrostatic separation system and a filtering separation system in the separator are shown in fig. 7, and the separator is as described in embodiment 1, except that: the cloth bags 6 are 18 rectangular cloth bags and are uniformly arranged in the second chamber 4.
The separation method adopting the separation device comprises the following steps:
the inlet flow is 5000m3Carrying out centrifugal separation, electrostatic separation and filtering separation on the particle-containing airflow to obtain clean airflow and particles, wherein the voltage applied by the annular cathode wire 16 in the electrostatic separation process is 60 kV; part of the airflow after centrifugal separation and electrostatic separation returns through the circulating pipeline 3 to participate in circulation, and the flow rate of the airflow participating in circulation is 25% of the total flow rate of the airflow containing the particulate matters.
Example 3:
the present embodiment provides a coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particle separator and a separation method, wherein the cross-sectional schematic diagrams of an electrostatic separation system and a filtering separation system in the separator are shown in fig. 8, and the separator is as described in embodiment 1, except that: the cloth bags 6 are 36 circular cloth bags and are uniformly arranged in the second chamber 4.
The separation method adopting the separation device comprises the following steps:
the inlet flow rate is 2000m3Carrying out centrifugal separation, electrostatic separation and filtering separation on the particle-containing airflow to obtain clean airflow and particles, wherein the voltage applied by the annular cathode wire 16 in the electrostatic separation process is 30 kV; part of the airflow after centrifugal separation and electrostatic separation returns through the circulating pipeline 3 to participate in circulation, and the flow rate of the airflow participating in circulation is 20% of the total flow rate of the airflow containing the particulate matters.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particle separating device and a separating method, wherein the structural schematic diagram of the separating device is shown in fig. 9, and the sectional view along the plane B-B is shown in fig. 10.
The separation device comprises an air inlet system, an electrostatic separation system, a filtering separation system, a first particle collection system and a second particle collection system;
the outlet of the air inlet system is connected with the inlet at the upper end of the electrostatic separation system; the upper end outlet of the electrostatic separation system is connected with the filtering separation system; the lower end outlet of the electrostatic separation system is connected with the first particle collection system; the lower end outlet of the filtering and separating system is connected with the second particle collecting system;
the electrostatic separation system comprises a first chamber 19, a central insulating tube 23, an annular cathode wire 16, an annular anode plate 15 and a particle scraper 2; a central insulating pipe 23 is arranged at the central axis of the first chamber 19; the outer wall of the central insulating tube 23 is provided with an annular cathode wire 16 in a surrounding manner; the inner wall of the first chamber 19 is provided with an annular anode plate 15 in a surrounding way; and a particle scraper 2 is arranged on the inner side of the top end of the annular anode plate 15.
The air inlet system comprises an air inlet pipe 1, and the air inlet pipe 1 is tangentially arranged at the upper end of the first chamber 19; a particle agglomerator 22 is arranged inside the air inlet pipe 1; 12 rectangular fluid baffles are arranged inside the particle agglomerator 22.
The first chamber 19 is cylindrical; the lining material of the first chamber 19 is rubber material; the two ends of the central insulating tube 23 are conical; the central insulating tube 23 is of a hollow structure; the annular cathode wire 16 is uniformly provided with barbs 14; the annular anode plate 15 is of a cylindrical structure; the particle scraper 2 is connected with a link mechanism 20, and the link mechanism 20 extends out of the separation device; the lower end of the annular anode plate 15 is grounded through a lead.
The first particle collection system comprises a first cone 7, a first particle collection chamber 9-1, a first particle discharge pipe 12-1 and a bottom central pipe 10; the first cone cylinder 7 is in a structure that the upper part is contracted with a cone and the lower part is a round pipe; the large diameter end of the first cone 7 is connected with the lower part of the first chamber 19; the lower end circular tube of the first conical barrel 7 is connected with the upper part of the first particle collecting cavity 9-1; the first particle collecting cavity 9-1 is of a funnel-shaped structure; the lower end of the first particle collecting cavity 9-1 is connected with the first particle discharging pipe 12-1; the first particle discharge pipe 12-1 is provided with a particle discharge valve 11; the bottom central tube 10 is arranged on the central axis of the first conical cylinder 7; the upper end inlet of the bottom central tube 10 is of a flaring structure and extends into the first conical cylinder 7.
The filtering and separating system comprises a second chamber 4, a top central pipe 18, a connecting pipe 17 and a cloth bag 6; the second chamber 4 is arranged in series with the first chamber 19; the second chamber 4 is connected with the top central tube 18 through the connecting tube 17; the connecting pipe 17 is tangentially connected to the side wall of the second chamber 4; the cloth bags 6 are 1 circular cloth bag and 19 arc-shaped cloth bags, the circular cloth bags are taken as centers, and the circular arc-shaped cloth bags are uniformly arranged in the second chamber 4 around the circular cloth bags; the upper end of the cloth bag 6 is independently provided with a pulse airflow pipeline 21; the second chamber 4 is provided with a clean gas stream outlet duct 13.
The second particle collection system comprises a second cone 8, a second particle collection chamber 9-2 and a second particle discharge pipe 12-2; the second cone 8 is a structure with an upper part tapered and a lower part round pipe; the large-diameter end of the second cone 8 is connected with the lower part of the second chamber 4; the lower end circular tube of the second cone 8 is connected with the upper part of the second particle collecting cavity 9-2; the lower end of the second particle collecting chamber 9-2 is connected with the second particle discharge pipe 12-2; the second particle discharge pipe 12-2 is provided with a particle discharge valve 11.
The separation device further comprises a circulation line 3, said circulation line 3 being arranged outside said first chamber 19; the lower end outlet of the bottom central tube 10 sequentially passes through the first particle collecting cavity 9-1 and the first particle discharging tube 12-1 and is connected with the bottom inlet of the circulating pipeline 3; a particle agglomerator 22 is arranged inside the circulating pipeline 3; the outlet of the circulation pipeline 3 is tangentially connected to the first chamber 19 and is positioned below the air inlet pipe 1; and a circulating pipeline valve 5 is arranged on the circulating pipeline 3.
The separation method adopting the separation device comprises the following steps:
the inlet flow is 3000m3Carrying out centrifugal separation, electrostatic separation and filtering separation on the particle-containing airflow to obtain clean airflow and particles, wherein the voltage applied by the annular cathode wire 16 in the electrostatic separation process is 40 kV; part of the airflow after centrifugal separation and electrostatic separation returns through a circulation pipeline 3 to participate in circulation, and the flow rate of the airflow participating in circulation is particle-containing15% of the total flow of the product gas stream.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides a coupling cyclone electric bag particle separating device and a separating method, wherein the separating device is the separating device in the embodiment 1.
The separation process is referred to the separation process in example 1, with the only difference that: the flow rate of the gas flow participating in the circulation is 5 percent of the total flow rate of the gas flow containing the particulate matters.
Example 6:
the embodiment provides a coupled cyclone electric bag particle separating device and a separating method, and the separating device is the separating device in the embodiment 2.
The separation process is referred to the separation process in example 2, with the only difference that: the flow rate of the gas flow participating in the circulation is 35% of the total flow rate of the gas flow containing the particulate matters.
Comparative example 1:
this comparative example provides a coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particulate separation apparatus and method, which differs from the separation apparatus of example 4 only in that: the apparatus includes only the air inlet system, the electrostatic separation system, the first particle collection system, and the top center tube 18, and does not include the filtration separation system and the second particle collection system;
namely, the outlet of the air inlet system is connected with the inlet at the upper end of the electrostatic separation system; the lower end outlet of the electrostatic separation system is connected with the first particle collection system; the outlet at the upper end of the electrostatic separation system is connected with a top central pipe 18, and the top central pipe 18 is the clean air outlet pipe 13.
The separation process is referred to the separation process in example 4, with the only difference that: no filtration was performed.
Comparative example 2:
this comparative example provides a coupled cyclone electrostatic bag particulate separation apparatus and method, which differs from the separation apparatus of example 1 only in that: the device comprises only the air inlet system, the first particle collection system, the filtering separation system, the second particle collection system and the first chamber 19, and does not comprise other components in the electrostatic separation system;
i.e. the outlet of the air inlet system is connected to the inlet at the upper end of the first chamber 19; the upper outlet of the first chamber 19 is connected with the filtering and separating system; the lower outlet of the first chamber 19 is connected to the first particle collection system; and the lower end outlet of the filtering and separating system is connected with the second particle collecting system.
The separation process is referred to the separation process in example 1, with the only difference that: the particle-containing gas stream is subjected only to centrifugal separation and filtration separation.
The particulate matter content of the clean gas streams obtained in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was measured, and the particulate matter separation efficiency was calculated, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 particulate matter content and particulate matter separation efficiency of the cleaned gas streams obtained in examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-2
Examples 1-4 using the separation apparatus of the present invention, the separation efficiency of particulate matter was made to reach over 99.65% by further controlling the ratio of the recycle gas stream to the total particulate matter-containing gas stream; example 5 the ratio of the circulating gas flow to the total gas flow containing particulate matter is too small during the separation process, so that the circulating separation effect is weakened, and the separation efficiency is reduced; example 6 the recycle gas stream is present in an excess proportion relative to the total particulate matter-containing gas stream during the separation process, resulting in an increased degree of flow field turbulence within the separation device, resulting in a reduction in separation efficiency.
The absence of the filtering separation portion in the separation apparatus of comparative example 1 results in a decrease in the ability of the separation apparatus to remove fine particles having a particle size of 1 μm or less, resulting in a decrease in the separation efficiency of the particulate matter; the absence of the electrostatic separation part in the separation apparatus of comparative example 2 resulted in the easy clogging of the bag in the separation apparatus, allowing a portion of the particulate matter to be discharged without being filtered, and thus resulted in the decrease in the separation efficiency of the particulate matter.
It can be seen from the above examples and comparative examples that the separation device of the present invention simultaneously couples the advantages of the centrifugal separation, electrostatic separation and filtration separation principles to realize the synergistic and efficient separation of particles within the whole particle size range; the separation device adopts the structural design of the central insulating tube and the annular cathode wire, promotes the charge separation process of the particulate matters, and is beneficial to increasing the diameter of the annular anode plate, thereby increasing the circumferential size of an electric field and promoting the efficient separation of airflow with larger particulate matters; the whole device of the separation device occupies small space and has compact structure, can be flexibly designed according to the characteristics and the handling capacity of the air flow containing the particulate matters, and is convenient to integrate with processes related to fine particulate matter separation and removal, such as environmental protection, chemical engineering, nano material preparation and the like; the separation method has simple flow, and the separation rate of the particulate matters can reach more than 99.52 percent; and the ratio of the circulating airflow to the total airflow containing the particulate matters is further controlled, so that the separation rate of the particulate matters can reach over 99.65 percent, and the method has a good industrial application prospect.
The applicant states that the present invention is described in detail by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed apparatus and method, i.e. it is not meant to imply that the present invention must be implemented by the above detailed apparatus and method. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications to the present invention, equivalents of the means for performing the same, additions of auxiliary structures, selection of specific means, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A coupled cyclone electric bag particle separating device is characterized in that the separating device comprises an air inlet system, an electrostatic separating system, a filtering and separating system, a first particle collecting system and a second particle collecting system;
the outlet of the air inlet system is connected with the inlet at the upper end of the electrostatic separation system; the upper end outlet of the electrostatic separation system is connected with the filtering separation system; the lower end outlet of the electrostatic separation system is connected with the first particle collection system; the lower end outlet of the filtering and separating system is connected with the second particle collecting system;
the electrostatic separation system comprises a first chamber, a central insulating tube, an annular cathode wire, an annular anode plate and a particle scraper; a central insulating pipe is arranged at the central axis of the first chamber; the outer wall of the central insulating tube is provided with an annular cathode wire in a surrounding manner; an annular anode plate is arranged on the inner wall of the first chamber in a surrounding manner; and a particle scraper is arranged on the inner side of the top end of the annular anode plate.
2. The separation device of claim 1, wherein the air intake system comprises an air intake pipe tangentially disposed at an upper end of the first chamber;
preferably, a particle agglomerator is arranged inside the air inlet pipe;
preferably, at least 1 spoiler is arranged inside the particle agglomerator.
3. The separation device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first chamber is cylindrical;
preferably, the first chamber is made of an insulating material or lined with an insulating material;
preferably, both ends of the central insulating tube are tapered;
preferably, the central insulating tube is a hollow structure;
preferably, the annular cathode wire is uniformly provided with prickles;
preferably, the annular anode plate is of a cylindrical structure;
preferably, the particle scraper is connected with a link mechanism, and the link mechanism extends out of the separation device;
preferably, the lower end of the annular anode plate is grounded through a lead.
4. A separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first particle collection system comprises a first cone and a base centre tube;
preferably, the first particle collection system further comprises a first particle collection chamber and a first particle discharge tube;
preferably, the first cone cylinder is a structure formed by combining an upper part tapered cone and a lower part circular tube;
preferably, the large diameter end of the first cone is connected with the lower part of the first chamber;
preferably, the first particle collection chamber is of a funnel-shaped structure;
preferably, the lower end of the first particle collecting chamber is connected to the first particle discharging pipe;
preferably, a particle discharge valve is arranged on the first particle discharge pipe;
preferably, the bottom center tube is arranged on the central axis of the first cone;
preferably, the upper end inlet of the bottom central tube is in a flaring structure and extends into the first cone.
5. The separation device of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the filtration separation system comprises a second chamber, a top center tube, a connecting tube, and a cloth bag;
preferably, the second chamber is sleeved outside the first chamber or is arranged in series with the first chamber;
preferably, the second chamber is connected with the top center tube through the connecting tube;
preferably, the connecting tube is tangentially connected to the side wall of the second chamber;
preferably, the cloth bags are uniformly arranged inside the second chamber;
preferably, the number of the cloth bags is at least 1;
preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the cloth bag comprises any one of circular arc, rectangle or circle or the combination of at least two of the circular arc, rectangle or circle;
preferably, the upper end of the cloth bag is independently provided with a pulse airflow pipeline;
preferably, the second chamber is provided with a clean gas flow outlet pipe.
6. The separation device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the second particle collection system comprises a second cone, a second particle collection chamber, and a second particle discharge pipe;
preferably, the second cone is a structure formed by adding a lower circular tube to an upper tapered cone;
preferably, the large diameter end of the second cone is connected with the lower part of the second chamber;
preferably, the lower end circular tube of the second cone is connected with the upper part of the second particle collecting cavity;
preferably, the lower end of the second particle collecting chamber is connected to the second particle discharging pipe;
preferably, a particle discharge valve is arranged on the second particle discharge pipe;
preferably, when the second chamber is sleeved outside the first chamber, the lower end circular tube of the first conical tube extends into the upper part of the second particle collecting chamber; the diameter of a circular tube at the lower end of the first conical cylinder is smaller than that of an inlet at the upper end of the second particle collecting cavity;
preferably, when the second chamber and the first chamber are arranged in series, the lower end circular tube of the first conical cylinder is connected with the upper part of the first particle collecting cavity.
7. The separation device of any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a circulation line disposed outside the first chamber;
preferably, the lower outlet of the bottom central tube passes through the first particle collecting cavity and the first particle discharging tube or the second particle collecting cavity and the second particle discharging tube in sequence and is connected with the bottom inlet of the circulating pipeline;
preferably, a particle agglomerator is arranged inside the circulating pipeline;
preferably, the outlet of the circulation line is tangentially connected to the first chamber or to the inlet pipe;
preferably, a circulation pipeline valve is arranged on the circulation pipeline.
8. A separation method using the separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the separation method comprises the steps of:
and introducing the air flow containing the particles to carry out centrifugal separation, electrostatic separation and filtering separation to obtain clean air flow and particles.
9. The separation method according to claim 8, characterized in that part of the gas flow containing particulate matter enters a circulation pipeline after centrifugal separation and electrostatic separation to participate in circulation;
preferably, the flow rate of the airflow participating in circulation is 10-25% of the total flow rate of the airflow containing the particulate matters.
10. The separation process according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the flow rate of the particle-containing gas stream is 500 to 5000m3/h；
Preferably, the voltage applied by the annular cathode wire in the electrostatic separation process is 10-60 kV.
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