CN103252146B - A kind of vertical electrostatic precipitator integrating gravity, cyclone dust collection - Google Patents

Abstract

A vertical electrostatic precipitator integrating gravity and cyclone dust collection, including a housing, an electric dust removal part is provided in the upper cavity of the housing, and a gravity cyclone dust removal part is provided in the lower cavity of the housing. The gravity cyclone The dust removal part includes a gravity settling chamber and a cyclone set in the gravity settling chamber. This device improves the gravity cyclone dust removal part of the lower cavity of the shell, and divides the internal space into a gravity settling chamber and a cyclone separation chamber reasonably. Dust-containing gas is treated in multiple stages to ensure the dust removal effect. The gas treated by the gravity cyclone dust removal part enters the electric dust removal part through its air outlet for dust removal again, and is discharged after electrostatic dust collection. The whole equipment has low dust collection efficiency and low operating costs. , The advantages of small footprint.

Description

A vertical electrostatic precipitator integrating gravity and cyclone dust collection

technical field

The invention relates to an electric dust collector with a cyclone tube, in particular to a vertical electric dust collector integrating gravity and cyclone dust collection.

Background technique

  Cyclone dust removal is a dry gas-solid separation device that uses the centrifugal force generated by the rotating dust-laden gas to separate dust from the airflow. The efficiency of collecting and separating dust above 5~10um is high, and it is characterized by simple structure, simple operation and maintenance, stable operation performance, and is not limited by the concentration and temperature of dust-containing gas.

The electrostatic precipitator is a device that uses static electricity to attract fine dust particles so as to purify the gas and achieve the purpose of dust collection. It has a good removal effect on dust particles with a particle size below 5um. If the use conditions are suitable, its dust removal efficiency can reach 99% or even higher. Its advantages are: high dust collection efficiency, large amount of flue gas treatment, less power consumption, suitable for recovery of high temperature flue gas, and high degree of automation.

At present, the research on the dust collecting electrode, corona electrode and rapping of the electrostatic precipitator has been relatively mature. At present, there are relatively few researches on principle-combined electrostatic precipitators in China. Composite electrostatic precipitator (patent number: CN201030328) This utility model discloses a composite electric precipitator, including housing, air inlet pipe, air outlet, central air pipe, rapper, corona electrode, Ash hopper, ash discharge valve, flow equalizing cone, the ash hopper is arranged at the lower part of the shell, the ash discharge valve is arranged under the ash hopper, the central air duct is set in the inner center of the shell, and the outer surface of the central air duct is in contact with the shell Corona electrodes are arranged between the inner sides of the housing, the upper part of the housing is provided with an air inlet pipe and communicated with the central air duct, the upper part of the housing is also provided with an air outlet, the outer side of the housing is provided with a vibrator, and the center A flow equalizing cone is provided below the air duct, and an upper directional choke and a lower directional choke are arranged sequentially in the central air duct, and a dust suppression cone is provided below the air equalizing cone. A bottom air distribution plate is arranged between the outer bottom of the central air duct. The utility model can effectively pre-separate the coarse particle dust, and greatly reduce the concentration of the dust-containing gas entering the dust removal electric field area. Because the cyclone dust collection is realized in the central air duct, the axial dimension of the cyclone must be consistent with the direction of the electric field height, so the axial dimension of the cyclone is large. In addition, because the cyclone can only be placed in the center, it can only be used when the air volume is large. The size of the cyclone is increased, so the dust collection effect of the cyclone is poor. Cyclone electrostatic precipitator (Patent No.: CN1266744) Cyclone electrostatic precipitator is a kind of dust removal equipment integrating centrifugal inertia, electric field charging and electric field filtration and dust collection. Its main features are: the rotation of the rotor is driven by the motor, and the dust-laden gas entering the electric collector is guided and forced to rotate and move. The rotor is equipped with fan blades and electrodes, and a dense electric field network is formed while the rotor rotates at a high speed. Different electrodes are set on the outside of the rotor according to different principles to form different electric fields and interact with each other. With the rotation and movement of the gas, the dust is collected under the action of centrifugal force and electric field force and in a dense electric field network. This kind of electrostatic precipitator guides the air flow to rotate through the rotor, and the structure is relatively complicated.

Combined vertical tube type electrostatic precipitator (patent number: CN2329446) is a combined vertical tube type electrostatic precipitator, which belongs to the field of dust removal technology. It is composed of cyclone dust removal device and electric dust removal device. The cyclone dust removal device is composed of a plurality of cyclones, and each cyclone is coaxial with the electric field located on the upper part. The electrostatic precipitator is a vertical tube type, and its dust collection pole is formed by a series of square prism-shaped umbrella pieces in series. The dust falls from the outer edge of the umbrella piece into the large ash hopper. The ash hopper is separated to unload ash, avoiding secondary dust. Compared with the currently used combined electric dust collector, the dust removal device has the advantages of high dust removal efficiency, no secondary dust generation, simple maintenance and replacement, etc., and is suitable for dust removal of high-concentration dust-containing gas. The dust collector is based on the principle of combined cyclone dust collection, but because each cyclone is an independent individual, the air leakage of the system is relatively large, which affects the stable operation of the electrostatic precipitator. Because there is an air distribution pipe, the whole structure is complicated.

At present, there are not many studies on the principle combination of gravity dust collection, cyclone dust collection and electric dust collector.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a vertical electrostatic precipitator integrating gravity and cyclone dust collection. The device improves the structure of the gravity cyclone dust collection part, and the lower cavity of the shell is sprayed by the cyclone. The plate, the lower flower plate of the cyclone and the damping plate are separated into a first-level gravity settling chamber and a second-level gravity settling room, and multiple inclined cyclones are distributed in the first-level gravity settling room. This structure effectively integrates gravity settlement and cyclone dust collection. Therefore, in principle, it is gravity sedimentation, cyclone dust collection, and gravity sedimentation in three stages in series, so the dust collection efficiency is high. Secondly, because of the small size of a single cyclone, the cyclone dust collection efficiency is high, and the total dust collection efficiency is improved. Another advantage of this structure is that multiple cyclones are connected in parallel and are in the same housing, so the air volume can be increased with the number of cyclones. And the system heat dissipation area is reduced, so that the system heat dissipation is reduced, and the whole device also has the advantages of high dust collection efficiency, low operating cost, and small floor space.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a vertical electric dust collector integrating gravity and cyclone dust collection, including a casing with an air inlet and a clean gas outlet, and an electric dust removal part is provided in the upper cavity of the casing , the lower cavity in the housing is provided with a gravity cyclone dust removal part, the air outlet of the gravity cyclone dust removal part is connected with the electric dust removal part, and an ash outlet is also provided at the bottom of the housing, and the gravity cyclone dust removal part includes a gravity sedimentation chamber And the cyclone that is arranged in the gravity settling chamber, the described gravity settling chamber divides the cavity in the gravity settling chamber into a first-level gravity settling chamber and a secondary gravity settling chamber by the upper flower plate of the cyclone, the lower flower plate of the cyclone and the damping plate , the air inlet is connected with the first-level gravity settling chamber, and the ash outlet is connected with the second-level gravity settling chamber;

The first-level gravity settling chamber is surrounded by the upper flower plate of the cyclone, the lower flower plate of the cyclone and the damping plate, wherein the upper flower plate of the cyclone and the lower flower plate of the cyclone are respectively arranged at an acute angle with the horizontal plane, and the damping plate is arranged at On the side away from the air inlet, there is a gravity settling dust outlet on the damping plate;

The cyclone is set in the first-level gravity settling chamber, and the space inside the cyclone is a cyclone separation chamber. The cyclone is fixedly connected between the upper flower plate of the cyclone and the lower flower plate of the cyclone, and the central axis of the cyclone is perpendicular to the cyclone respectively. The upper flower plate of the cyclone and the lower flower plate of the cyclone, the dust-containing gas inlet of the cyclone is located in the first-level gravity settling chamber, and the separated gas outlet at the upper end of the cyclone and the dust discharge port at the lower end are connected with the second-level gravity settling chamber.

The upper flower plate of the cyclone and the lower flower plate of the cyclone are parallel to each other, and the upper flower plate of the cyclone and the lower flower plate of the cyclone are respectively at an angle of 30° with the horizontal plane.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

First, the present invention improves the gravity cyclone dedusting part of the lower cavity of the shell, and divides the internal space reasonably into a gravity settling chamber and a cyclone separation chamber, effectively multi-stage treatment of the dust-containing gas, ensuring the dust removal effect, and the gravity The gas processed by the cyclone dust removal part enters the electric dust removal part through its air outlet for dust removal again, and is discharged after electrostatic dust collection. The whole equipment has the advantages of high dust collection efficiency, low operating cost and small floor space.

Second, in the gravity cyclone dust removal part, the lower cavity of the shell is divided into a first-level gravity settling chamber and a second-level gravity settling chamber through the upper cyclone flower plate, the lower cyclone flower plate and the damping plate, and multiple inclined settings The cyclone is distributed in the first-level gravity settling chamber, and the first-level gravity settling chamber is surrounded by the upper flower plate of the cyclone, the lower flower plate of the cyclone and the damping plate. The upper flower plate of the cyclone and the lower flower plate of the cyclone are respectively It is set at an acute angle with the horizontal plane, and the damping plate is set on the side away from the air inlet, and a gravity settling dust outlet is opened on the damping plate; through the above structural improvement, in the first-level gravity settling chamber, the gas flow rate is reduced, and the large particle material is Under the action of gravity, the separation from the gas is realized. At the same time, the solid particles are separated when they hit the outer arm of the cyclone and lose inertia. Therefore, the separation effect is better; then the initially separated gas enters the interior of the cyclone to separate the large particles of dust again. , the separated gas enters the second-stage gravity settling chamber with a large space again, the gas flow rate decreases, and the large particle material falls and collects along the inclined cyclone upper flower plate again under the action of gravity, and this structure achieves the best separation effect; And because multiple cyclones are airtightly arranged in the first-level gravity settling chamber, the thermal insulation effect of the system is very good.

Its three, the present invention arranges the whirlwind obliquely, the central axis of the whirlwind is perpendicular to the whirlwind upper flower board and the whirlwind lower flower board respectively, and the oblique installation angle of the whirlwind upper flower board and the whirlwind lower flower board is 30° to ensure the smooth discharge of dust after separation.

Its four, the flower plate on the device of the present invention is installed at an inclination with the level, which is convenient for the discharge of the dust collected by the electric dust collector.

Fifth, the device has a simple structure, is convenient for maintenance, and is easy to remove internal dust accumulation, thereby improving the operational reliability of the equipment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the gravity cyclone dust removal part in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the cyclone in the present invention.

Markings in the figure: 1. shell, 101, air inlet, 102, clean gas outlet, 103, ash outlet, 2, electric dust removal part, 3, gravity cyclone dust removal part, 301, gravity settling chamber, 3011, primary gravity Settling chamber, 3012, secondary gravity settling chamber, 3013, cyclone upper flower plate, 3014, cyclone lower flower plate, 3015, damping plate, 3016, gravity sedimentation dust outlet, 302, cyclone, 3021, dusty gas inlet , 3022, the separation gas outlet, 3023, the dust discharge port.

Detailed ways

As shown in the figure, a vertical electrostatic precipitator integrating gravity and cyclone dust collection includes a housing 1 with an air inlet 101 and a clean gas outlet 102. The upper cavity of the housing 1 is equipped with an electrostatic precipitator Part 2, the lower cavity in the housing 1 is provided with a gravity cyclone dust removal part 3, the air outlet of the gravity cyclone dust removal part 3 is connected with the electrostatic precipitator part 2, and an ash outlet 103 is also provided at the bottom of the housing 1. The gravity cyclone dust removal part 3 includes a gravity settling chamber 301 and a cyclone 302 arranged in the gravity settling chamber, and the gravity settling chamber 301 is composed of the upper flower plate 3013 of the cyclone, the lower flower plate 3014 of the cyclone and the damping plate 3015. The cavity in the chamber 301 is divided into a primary gravity settling chamber 3011 and a secondary gravity settling chamber 3012, the air inlet 101 communicates with the primary gravity settling chamber 3011, and the ash outlet 103 communicates with the secondary gravity settling chamber 3012 connected;

The first-level gravity settling chamber 3011 is surrounded by the upper flower plate 3013 of the cyclone, the lower flower plate 3014 of the cyclone and the damping plate 3015, wherein the upper flower plate 3013 of the cyclone and the lower flower plate 3014 of the cyclone respectively form an acute angle with the horizontal plane Setting, the damping plate 3015 is set on the side away from the air inlet 101, and a gravity sedimentation dust outlet 3016 is opened on the damping plate 3015;

The cyclone 302 is set in the first-level gravity settling chamber 3011. The space inside the cyclone 302 is a cyclone separation chamber. The cyclone 302 is fixedly connected between the upper flower plate 3013 of the cyclone and the lower flower plate 3014 of the cyclone. The central axis of 302 is perpendicular to the upper flower plate 3013 of the cyclone and the lower flower plate 3014 of the cyclone respectively, the dust-containing gas inlet 3021 of the cyclone 302 is located in the first-level gravity settling chamber 3011, the separated gas outlet 3022 at the upper end of the cyclone 302 and the lower end The dust discharge ports 3023 of each are connected with the secondary gravity settling chamber 3012.

In the present invention, the upper flower plate 3013 of the cyclone and the lower flower plate 3014 of the cyclone are parallel to each other, and the upper flower plate 3013 of the cyclone and the lower flower plate 3014 of the cyclone respectively form an included angle of 30° with the horizontal plane.

The cyclone described in this article is the cyclone separator sold on the market. The innovation of the present invention lies in the overall structural design combined with the cyclone separator which is arranged obliquely, but there is no improvement for the cyclone separator. The conventional cyclone separator The working principle is: the dust-containing gas enters tangentially along the outer wall of the cyclone under the force of negative pressure, and the separation of gas and solid is realized by the dual force of centrifugal force and gravity.

In this device, multiple cyclones are set in the first-level gravity settling chamber. According to the processing air volume, multiple cyclones can be arranged, so the processing air volume can meet the process requirements. At the same time, because multiple cyclones are in one shell, the system is insulated. The effect is good, and the size of the cyclone is small, and the dust collection efficiency is high.

The present invention only improves the gravity cyclone dust removal part of the lower cavity of the equipment, and does not change the upper part of the electrostatic dust removal part, so there is no need to describe the electrostatic dust removal part too much. The dust collection pole of the upper part of the electric dust removal part is a round table umbrella The structure is similar to the structure of the electrostatic dust collection part of the combined vertical cylinder electrostatic precipitator, but because the lower device captures the dust efficiently, the height of the electric field is lower, so the cost is also reduced.

Claims (1)

1. A vertical electrostatic precipitator integrating gravity and cyclone dust collection, including a housing (1) with an air inlet (101) and a clean gas outlet (102), the upper part of the housing (1) is empty The cavity is provided with an electrostatic precipitator (2), and the lower cavity of the housing (1) is provided with a gravity cyclone dust removal part (3). The bottom of the casing (1) is also provided with an ash outlet (103), characterized in that: the gravity cyclone dust removal part (3) includes a gravity settling chamber (301) and a cyclone (302) arranged in the gravity settling chamber , the gravity settling chamber (301) is divided into a first-level gravity settling chamber (301) by the cyclone upper flower plate (3013), the cyclone lower flower plate (3014) and the damping plate (3015). chamber (3011) and the secondary gravity settling chamber (3012), the air inlet (101) is connected with the said primary gravity settling chamber (3011), the ash outlet (103) is connected with the said secondary gravity settling chamber ( 3012) are connected; The first-level gravity settling chamber (3011) is surrounded by the upper flower plate of the cyclone (3013), the lower flower plate of the cyclone (3014) and the damping plate (3015), wherein the damping plate (3015) is set far away from the air inlet (101), and the damping plate (3015) is provided with a gravity sedimentation dust outlet (3016); The cyclone (302) is set in the primary gravity settling chamber (3011), the space inside the cyclone (302) is a cyclone separation chamber, and the cyclone (302) is fixedly connected to the upper flower plate (3013) and the cyclone Between the sub-lower flower plates (3014), the central axis of the cyclone (302) is perpendicular to the cyclone upper flower plate (3013) and the cyclone lower flower plate (3014), respectively, and the dust-containing gas inlet of the cyclone (302) ( 3021) is located in the primary gravity settling chamber (3011), and the separated gas outlet (3022) at the upper end of the cyclone (302) and the dust discharge port (3023) at the lower end are both connected to the secondary gravity settling chamber (3012); The upper whirlwind flower board (3013) and the lower whirlwind flower board (3014) are parallel to each other, and the upper whirlwind flower board (3013) and the lower whirlwind flower board (3014) respectively form an included angle of 30° with the horizontal plane.