CN110721547A - Charged spraying device and dust suppression system - Google Patents
Charged spraying device and dust suppression system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110721547A CN110721547A CN201910947202.XA CN201910947202A CN110721547A CN 110721547 A CN110721547 A CN 110721547A CN 201910947202 A CN201910947202 A CN 201910947202A CN 110721547 A CN110721547 A CN 110721547A
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 206010035653 pneumoconiosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
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Abstract
The invention provides a charged spraying device and a dust fall system, wherein the charged spraying device comprises a cylindrical metal filter screen structure, a spray head, a high-voltage electrostatic generator and a metal mesh electrode plate; two ends of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure are respectively provided with a solid circular end face; the metal mesh electrode plate is arranged in the center of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure and is parallel to the two end faces, so that the cylindrical metal filter screen structure is divided into two symmetrical parts; the two end faces are respectively provided with a plurality of spray heads, the spray heads are connected with a high-voltage electrostatic generator, and the metal mesh electrode plate is grounded. According to the invention, a cylindrical metal filter screen structure is adopted, so that the dust-containing airflow is filtered for multiple times, the wall attachment collection is realized after dust particles are blocked and filtered by the cylinder wall of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure, the entrainment escape phenomenon of charged liquid drops is effectively reduced, uniform water mist generated by charging can effectively remove fine particulate matters such as PM2.5 and the like, and the removal efficiency of the fine particulate matters is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of dust removal, and particularly relates to a charged spraying device and a dust settling system.
Background
China is a large manufacturing country, the annual demand of metal products is huge, but the manufacturing process is notInevitably accompanied by the generation of dust. The productive dust can cause environmental pollution, threaten the health of operators, and even has potential safety hazards such as explosion, wherein the inhalable dust with the aerodynamic diameter less than 15 mu m can cause serious harm to human bodies, and is one of the main reasons for inducing pneumoconiosis. At present, common industrial dust removal modes mainly include mechanical type, filtration type, wet type and electrostatic type, wherein the wet dust removal technology mainly based on the spray type is widely applied to modern industrial production such as coal mining, chemical desulfurization, metal polishing and the like due to low energy consumption, simple structure and wide application range and can simultaneously remove various harmful gases. However, the conventional wet dust removing apparatus still has difficulty in removing fine particulate matters such as PM2.5、PM10And low efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem, the invention provides a charged spraying device which adopts a cylindrical metal filter screen structure, a metal mesh electrode plate is used for dividing the cylindrical metal filter screen structure into two symmetrical parts, a plurality of spray heads are respectively arranged on two end surfaces of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure, dust particles are blocked and filtered by the cylinder wall of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure to realize wall attachment collection, the entrainment escape phenomenon of charged liquid drops is effectively reduced, uniform fine water mist generated by charge can be effectively removed2.5And the fine particulate matters are waited to improve the removal efficiency of the fine particulate matters.
The invention also provides a dust-settling system with the charged spraying device, which can be used for additionally arranging the charged spraying device in an air duct of the existing dust-settling system, creating a charged liquid drop dispersion area in the device and further purifying dust-containing air flow passing through the area, particularly fine particles in the dust-containing air flow, so that the health of operators and the production safety are further ensured.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a charged spraying device comprises a cylindrical metal filter screen structure, a spray head, a high-voltage electrostatic generator and a metal mesh electrode plate;
two ends of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure are respectively provided with a solid circular end face; the metal mesh electrode plate is arranged in the center of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure, is parallel to the two end faces and divides the cylindrical metal filter screen structure into two symmetrical parts; and a plurality of spray heads are respectively arranged on two end faces, the spray heads are connected with a high-voltage electrostatic generator, and the metal mesh electrode plate is grounded.
In the above scheme, the penetration distance of the spray head is greater than or equal to the distance between the spray head and the metal mesh electrode plate.
In the above scheme, the spray head is a gas-liquid two-fluid atomization spray head.
In the above scheme, the nozzle is made of metal.
In the above scheme, the aperture of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure is in millimeter level.
In the above scheme, the metal mesh electrode plate comprises a plurality of layers of metal meshes, and the shape of the metal mesh electrode plate is the same as the end face of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure.
The charged spraying dust-settling system comprises the charged spraying device.
In the scheme, the device also comprises an air duct, a fan and a water collecting tank;
the air duct comprises an inlet, a vertical flow passage and an outlet; the fan is arranged at one end of the vertical flow channel, the outlet of the fan is perpendicular to the vertical flow channel, the inlet of the fan is perpendicular to the other end of the vertical flow channel, and the aperture of the inlet of the fan is smaller than that of the vertical flow channel; the charged spraying device is transversely arranged in the vertical flow channel and is vertical to the vertical flow channel; the water collecting tank is located below the bottom of the vertical runner, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the bottom of the vertical runner.
Further, the charged spraying device is detachably mounted in the vertical flow channel.
Furthermore, the angle between the spraying direction of a nozzle of the charged spraying device and the direction of the dust-containing airflow is 90-120 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts a cylindrical metal filter screen structure to realize multiple times of filtration of dusty airflow, and uses a metal mesh electrode plate to form the cylindrical metal filter screen structureThe two ends of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure are respectively provided with a plurality of nozzles, dust particles are blocked and filtered by the cylinder wall of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure to realize wall attachment collection, the entrainment escape phenomenon of charged liquid drops is effectively reduced, uniform water mist generated by charge can effectively remove PM2.5And the fine particulate matters are waited to improve the removal efficiency of the fine particulate matters. The dust settling system with the charged spraying device can be additionally arranged in an air duct of the existing dust settling system, a charged liquid drop dispersion area is built in the dust settling system, dust-containing air flow flowing through the area is further purified, and particularly fine particles in the dust-containing air flow further guarantee the health of operators and the production safety.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dust removal system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a showerhead arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an electrically charged spraying device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph comparing the adsorption capacity of charged droplets to different particle sizes of dust according to one embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a fan; 2. an outlet; 3. a charged spraying device; 4. an inlet; 5. a water collection tank; 6. an outer ring filter screen; 7. a charged spray zone; 8, spraying a nozzle; 9. a high voltage electrostatic generator; 10. a metal mesh electrode plate; 11. charged droplets; 12. a mononuclear, charged liquid droplet; 13. dust particles; a polynuclear charged droplet; 15. an end face; 16. and (4) a vertical flow passage.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the charged spraying device of the present invention, and the charged spraying device 3 includes a cylindrical metal screen structure 6, a spray head 8, a high-voltage electrostatic generator 9, and a metal mesh electrode plate 10. The two ends of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure 6 are respectively provided with a round end face 15 made of solid insulating material; the metal mesh electrode plate 10 is arranged in the center of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure 6, and the metal mesh electrode plate 10 is parallel to the two end faces 15 and divides the cylindrical metal filter screen structure 6 into two symmetrical parts; two end faces 15 are respectively provided with a plurality of nozzles 8, the spraying directions are opposite, the nozzles 8 are connected with a high-voltage electrostatic generator 9 to realize contact type charge, the metal mesh electrode plate 10 is grounded, preferably, the high-voltage electrostatic generator 9 can generate negative high voltage of 0-20 kV and is in direct contact with the nozzles 8, a loop is formed by a liquid drop dispersion area and the grounded metal mesh electrode plate 10, and PM can be effectively removed by uniform water mist generated by the contact type charge2.5And the like. The filter screen cylinder wall of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure 6 effectively reduces the entrainment escape phenomenon of charged liquid drops. The spraying amount and the charged amount are set to be adjustable so as to meet the requirements of dust particle size and dust amount under different working conditions.
The nozzle 8 is made of metal so as to realize contact type charging of spraying. According to the present embodiment, preferably, the penetrating distance of the spray head 8 is greater than or equal to the distance from the spray head to the expanded metal electrode plate 10, and the total spray width range of the spray head 8 better covers the circular cross section of the end face 15; according to the embodiment, preferably, the spray head 8 is a gas-liquid two-fluid atomization spray head, so that the stability of spray charging is ensured, the gas-liquid two-fluid atomization spray head can generate sufficiently fine spray in a contact type charging mode, the dust collection efficiency is high, and the gas-liquid two-fluid atomization spray head can ensure the water mist charging effect in a high-humidity environment due to the action of high-speed airflow.
As shown in fig. 2, the arrangement of the plurality of nozzles 8 on the end surface 15 may be arranged uniformly or in an array to meet different working conditions. The arrangement scheme of the spray heads on the two end faces 15 is adjusted according to the size of the charged spraying device 3, the spraying penetration distance, the spraying range and the like, and is arranged uniformly or in an array. The voltage value of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 9 is adjusted according to the spray amount and the arrangement scheme of the spray heads 8. The arrangement scheme of the spray head 8 directly determines the dispersion condition of the spray in the charged spraying device. In the actual operation process, in order to adapt to different working conditions and improve the actual application range of the equipment, the arrangement scheme of the spray heads 8 can be adjusted, so that charged liquid drops can more uniformly fill a charged electric spray area. Wherein fig. 2a is a three-nozzle arrangement, the range of the spray width is about one third of the cross section of the cylinder, and for the nozzle with a narrower spray width, the number of the nozzles needs to be increased continuously as shown in fig. 2b to ensure that the spray can fill the interior of the cylindrical charged spray cavity well.
According to the embodiment, preferably, the aperture of the cylindrical metal screen structure 6 is in millimeter level, which can ensure a certain gas flux and reduce entrainment and escape of atomized liquid droplets.
According to the present embodiment, preferably, the expanded metal electrode plate 10 comprises a plurality of layers of expanded metal, and the expanded metal electrode plate 10 has the same shape as the end face 15 of the cylindrical metal screen structure 6.
The charged liquid drops 11 shown in fig. 1 have a certain amount of negative charges, have uniform particle size distribution, and are well dispersed in the cylindrical cavity; the dust particles 13 are charged with a certain amount of positive charges due to electrostatic induction, and are more prone to interact with spray droplets with different charges; the single-core charged liquid drops 12 and the multi-core charged liquid drops 14 exist in a large amount in the charged spraying device 3, one part of the single-core charged liquid drops naturally descend under the action of gravity, and the other part of the single-core charged liquid drops moves upwards along with airflow and is blocked and filtered by the upper cylindrical metal filter screen structure 6, so that wall attachment collection is realized.
Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the charged spray dedusting system according to the present invention, which includes the charged spray device 3.
According to the embodiment, preferably, the charged spray dust-settling system further comprises an air duct, a fan 1 and a water collection tank 5; the air duct comprises an inlet 4, a vertical flow passage 16 and an outlet 2; a pneumatic flow field is formed within the system which transports the dusty gas stream from the inlet 4 to the outlet 2.
The fan 1 is arranged at one end of the vertical flow passage 16, the outlet 2 is arranged perpendicular to the vertical flow passage 16, the inlet 4 is vertically positioned at the other end of the vertical flow passage 16, and the inlet 4 can be connected to a dust source through a pipeline; the charged spraying device 3 is transversely installed in the vertical flow channel 16, the charged spraying device 3 is perpendicular to the vertical flow channel 16, and the axis of the charged spraying device is 90 degrees to the incoming flow. The charged spraying device 3 is positioned in the vertical flow channel 16 near the outlet 2, preferably at 1/3 of the height of the vertical flow channel 16. The diameter of the charged spraying device 3 is equal to the width of the vertical channel 16, and the length of the charged spraying device 3 is equal to the length of the vertical channel 16, so that dust can be removed through the charged spraying device 3 after the airflow enters the vertical channel 16. Only one inlet 4 and one outlet 2 of the vertical flow channel 16 are open, the rest are closed, the sealing performance is good, the air flow field is favorable for realizing high-efficiency transportation of dust particles, and the energy consumption can be greatly saved.
The bottom of the vertical flow passage 16 is provided with a plurality of through holes which are micropores; the water collecting tank 5 is positioned below the bottom of the vertical runner 16 and is used for collecting the dust-containing wastewater.
The aperture of the inlet 4 is smaller than that of the vertical channel 16, the dusty airflow enters the vertical channel 16 from the inlet 4 at the lower part under the action of the fan 1, and the inlet 4 is vertical to the vertical channel 16, and the cross section of the channel is gradually enlarged after the dusty airflow flows through the inlet 4, so that the incoming flow speed is attenuated to a certain extent. The charged spraying device 3 brings certain pressure loss, and a liquid film is formed by a large amount of atomized liquid drops on the inner wall surface of the system and the cylindrical metal filter screen structure 6 of the charged spraying device 3, so that the charged spraying device has a good trapping effect on large-particle-size particles with dominant inertia. Fine particulate matter such as PM2.5Then, the airflow continuously moves upwards and enters the cavity of the charged spraying device 3 through the primary filtration of the lower part of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure 6, the high-voltage electrostatic generator 9 is directly connected with the spray head 8, the metal mesh electrode plate 10 is grounded, and a loop is formed between the charged spraying area 7 and the metal mesh electrode plate 10. Through the contact type charging mode, a large amount of charged micro liquid drops are manufactured in the cylindrical cavity, the spraying direction and the dust-containing airflow direction form an angle of 90-120 degrees, so that the charged liquid drops and the fine particles can be fully mixed in the region, the removal efficiency of the particles is directly influenced by the mixing degree and the interaction time, and only the fine particles continuously flow upwards to escape from the outlet 2 after being subjected to multiple filtering in the region. The mass of the dust-containing liquid drops formed after the interaction of the dust-containing liquid drops and the water collecting tank is continuously increased, the dragging force is overcome under the action of gravity, the dust-containing liquid drops impact the filter screen at the lower part of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure 6 and finally flow out from the bottom of the system and fall into the water collecting tank 5.
According to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the charged spraying device 3 is detachably installed in the vertical flow passage 16. The charged spraying device 3 is an independent unit and is insulated from the outside, so that the safety of the whole system is ensured.
According to the present embodiment, the angle between the spraying direction of the spray head 8 of the charged spraying device 3 and the dust-laden air flow direction is preferably 90 ° to 120 °.
The charged spraying dust-settling system can efficiently remove PM2.5The working process comprises the following steps:
step 1), starting a fan 1 to generate a wind flow field for conveying dust particles in a relatively closed system;
and 2), opening the spray head 8 and the high-voltage electrostatic generator 9, determining a specific arrangement scheme of the spray head according to working conditions, and ensuring that charged spray can be well dispersed in a cylindrical cavity of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure 6.
And 3) allowing the dusty airflow to enter the charged spraying device 3 under the action of the wind flow field, wherein the flow field in the device is disturbed due to the existence of charged spray droplets 11, the longitudinal speed is sharply reduced, the discrete phase motion becomes complex, and under the action of electrostatic force and inertial force, the dusty airflow fully interacts with charged spray in the region, is continuously condensed and nucleated, falls into the bottom of the system under the action of gravity, and finally flows through micropores in the bottom of the system to be collected by the water collecting tank 5.
And 4) under the action of the flow field, a small amount of particulate matters and liquid drops continuously move upwards to impact the inner wall surface of the filter screen on the upper part of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure 6, so that a liquid film is formed on the wall of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure 6, and the further trapping of the particulate matters is realized.
And 5), discharging the filtered clean airflow from an outlet 2 above the system.
The invention is particularly suitable for removing fine particles such as absorbable dust and the like, a charged spray area is created in the gas phase flow channel in a contact type charging mode, and charged liquid drops actively capture the fine particles under the action of electric field force, so that dust removal is realized.
Fig. 4 shows that the adsorption capacity of the charged droplets generated by the charged spraying device for particulate matters with different particle sizes is studied. By contrast, the charged droplets were found to be more traditional than non-conventionalThe adsorption area ratio of the charged liquid drops to the particulate matters is obviously improved, and the trend is towards PM2.5、PM10The effect of waiting for fine particles is more obvious, and the adsorption efficiency can be improved by nearly 7 times to the maximum. In the system, the action of the air flow field is combined, charged liquid drops and dust-containing air flow fully interact, and therefore the high-efficiency dust removal efficiency of the charged spraying system is guaranteed.
It should be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as suitable to form other embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The charged spraying device is characterized in that the charged spraying device (3) comprises a cylindrical metal filter screen structure (6), a spray head (8), a high-voltage electrostatic generator (9) and a metal mesh electrode plate (10);
two ends of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure (6) are respectively provided with a solid circular end face (15); the metal mesh electrode plate (10) is arranged in the center of the cylindrical metal filter screen structure (6), and the metal mesh electrode plate (10) is parallel to the two end faces (15) and divides the cylindrical metal filter screen structure (6) into two symmetrical parts; a plurality of spray heads (8) are respectively arranged on two end faces (15), the spray heads (8) are connected with a high-voltage electrostatic generator (9), and the metal mesh electrode plate (10) is grounded.
2. An electric charging spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the penetration distance of the spray head (8) is greater than or equal to the distance from the spray head to the metal mesh electrode plate (10).
3. An electrically charged spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spray head (8) is a gas-liquid two-fluid atomization spray head.
4. The charged spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the material of the spray head (8) is metal.
5. An electrically charged spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pore size of the cylindrical metal screen structure (6) is in the order of millimeters.
6. The charged spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal mesh electrode plate (10) comprises a plurality of layers of metal meshes, and the shape of the metal mesh electrode plate (10) is the same as that of the end face (15) of the cylindrical metal screen structure (6).
7. An electrically charged spray dedusting system, characterized in that the electrically charged spray dedusting system comprises the electrically charged spray device (3) of any one of claims 1-6.
8. The charged spray dust settling system of claim 7, further comprising an air duct, a fan (1) and a water collection tank (5);
the air duct comprises an inlet (4), a vertical flow passage (16) and an outlet (2); the fan (1) is installed at one end of the vertical flow channel (16), the outlet (2) is perpendicular to the vertical flow channel (16), the inlet (4) is perpendicular to the other end of the vertical flow channel (16), and the aperture of the inlet (4) is smaller than that of the vertical flow channel (16); the charged spraying device (3) is transversely arranged in the vertical flow channel (16), and the charged spraying device (3) is vertical to the vertical flow channel (16); the water collecting tank (5) is located below the bottom of the vertical flow channel (16), and a plurality of through holes are formed in the bottom of the vertical flow channel (16).
9. The charged spray dust settling system according to claim 8, wherein the charged spray device (3) is detachably mounted in the vertical flow channel (16).
10. The charged spray dust settling system of claim 8, wherein the spraying direction of the spray head (8) of the charged spraying device (3) is 90-120 degrees to the direction of the dust-containing air flow.
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| CN201910947202.XA CN110721547B (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Charged spraying device and dust fall system |
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| CN112121578A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-25 | 郑妍 | High-efficient type waste gas sprays purifying column for refuse treatment |
| CN112330655A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-05 | 广东技术师范大学 | Method and device for testing liquid medicine spraying operation in dark environment and computer equipment |
| CN116078157A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-05-09 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air purifying device |
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