JPH07265732A - Cyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance dust collection efficiency while separating dust up to a fine particle size from an air stream by providing an exhaust inner cylindrical part to the upper part of a cylindrical part having an inlet part and a conical part respectively provided to the upper and lower parts thereof and providing discharge electrodes and dust collection members below the inner cylindrical part. CONSTITUTION:An air stream (a) containing particles flows in an inner cylindrical part 1 in a tangential direction from an inlet part 2 to fall as a revolving stream and passes through reticulated discharge electrodes 5. Therefore, particles are charged by discharge to be attracted to dust collection members 6 and fall to be taken out from the lower end of a conical part 3. At this time, particles having a fine particle size are bonded to the discharge electrodes 5 or attracted to the dust collection members 6 to be bonded thereto and, therefore, the discharge electrodes 5 and the dust collection members 6 are respectively vibrated by a hammering device 8 to allow the bonded particles to fall. The air stream (c) containing the separated particles rises through an exhaust inner cylindrical part 4 to be taken out from the upper end thereof.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cyclone for separating powder particles contained in an air stream.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the process of using powder or granules in a cement plant, or in the field where the powder or granules are subjected to physical and chemical reaction treatments such as drying, burning, calcination, heat exchange, etc. The work of separating the treated powder and granules from the air stream is performed. Generally, a cyclone, an electrostatic precipitator, or the like is used to separate such powder particles.

An example of a cyclone that has been conventionally used will be described with reference to a vertical sectional view of FIG. 5. An inlet portion 2 is provided in a tangential direction on an upper portion of a cylindrical portion 1 arranged in the vertical direction. A conical portion 3 having a smaller diameter on the lower side is integrally provided at the lower portion of 1. In the center of the cylindrical portion 1, a vertical exhaust inner cylinder portion 4 is provided so as to protrude above the upper surface that closes the upper end of the cylindrical portion 1.

The air flow containing the granular material flows into the cylindrical portion 1 from the tangential inlet portion 2 and becomes a swirling flow in the cylindrical portion 1, and the granular material is centrifugally applied to the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 1. While falling along the path, it is taken out from the lower end of the conical portion 3. The air flow from which the powder and granules have been separated rises in the exhaust inner tube portion 4 and
Taken from the top of the.

Further, in the conventional electrostatic precipitator, an air flow containing a granular material is passed between a dust collecting member to which a positive voltage is applied and a discharge electrode to which a negative voltage is applied, so that the electrostatic precipitator is negatively charged. The particles are sucked into the dust collecting member having a positive potential and separated from the air flow.

[0006]

The cyclone used in the conventional cement raw material preheater has a dust collection efficiency of usually about 90%, and a maximum of about 96%, and no further dust collection efficiency can be expected. It was Also, the particle size of the powder is 20
If it is less than μm, the dust collection efficiency is extremely deteriorated and the particle size is 1μ.
There was a drawback that particles of about m could not be collected.

Further, in the conventional electrostatic precipitator, it is necessary to install a preliminary dust collector in the preceding stage when the dust content concentration of the air flow is high, and the dust collecting member and the discharge electrode are arranged in parallel with the air flow. In the current electrostatic precipitator, unless the air flow is made to flow at a low speed, the air is not collected and is easily passed to the downstream side. Therefore, it is necessary to set the speed of the air flow to about 1.5 m / sec at the maximum. When the amount is large, there is a drawback that the cross-sectional area of the electrostatic precipitator becomes large.

The present invention eliminates such conventional drawbacks,
It is intended to provide a cyclone with high dust collection efficiency.

[0009]

The cyclone of the present invention comprises:
An inlet portion tangentially provided on the upper portion of the cylindrical portion in the vertical direction, a conical portion provided at the lower portion of the cylindrical portion and having a smaller diameter on the lower side, and a cylindrical portion vertically provided at the center of the cylindrical portion. An exhaust inner cylinder portion that protrudes upward, a discharge electrode that is provided closer to the inlet than the lower end of the exhaust inner cylinder portion and to which a negative voltage is applied, and a positive electrode that is provided below the lower end of the exhaust inner cylinder portion. A dust collecting member to which a voltage is applied is provided.

[0010]

The particles have an electric charge due to the electric field generated by the discharge electrode and the dust collecting member, and the fine particles agglomerate to increase the apparent particle size, and the particles are separated from the air flow by the centrifugal force in the cylindrical portion. By being sucked and collected by the dust collecting member, the amount of the powder or granular material contained in the air flow becomes extremely small.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, in which an inlet portion 2 is provided tangentially to the cylindrical portion 1 as shown in FIG. A conical portion 3 having a smaller diameter on the lower side is integrally provided at the lower portion of 1. A vertical exhaust inner cylinder portion 4 is arranged at the center of the cylindrical portion 1. The lower end of the exhaust inner cylinder portion 4 is opened at the upper and lower intermediate portions of the cylindrical portion 1, and the upper end is the upper end of the cylindrical portion 1. Is projected and opened above the upper surface that closes.

At a location slightly above the lower end of the exhaust inner cylinder portion 4, a mesh-shaped discharge electrode 5 is provided over the entire cross section between the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 1 and the outer periphery of the exhaust inner cylinder portion 4. It is provided horizontally and electrically insulated from the cylindrical portion 1 and the exhaust inner cylinder portion 4 by an insulating material 14 so that it can slightly vibrate.

A perforated plate-like dust collecting member 6 is provided at a position slightly lower than the lower end of the exhaust inner tube portion 4 so as to be horizontally vibrated over the entire cross section of the cylindrical portion 1 and to be slightly vibrated. Has been.

A negative voltage is applied to the discharge electrode 5 from the DC high-voltage power supply 7 and a positive voltage is applied to the dust collecting member 6, and the discharge electrode 5 and the dust collecting member 6 are separately hammered by separate hammering devices 8 ,.
It can be made to vibrate at 8.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of a hammering device 8, in which a hammering rod 9 fixed to the discharge electrode 5 and the dust collecting member 6 can slide the cylindrical portion 1 densely and slidably. To the outside of the cylindrical portion 1. A collar 10 is integrally formed at the tip of the hammering rod 9, and a spring 11 is provided between the collar 10 and the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 1. Therefore, the hammering rod 9 is urged by the spring 11 in the direction of protruding from the cylindrical portion 1, and the collar portion 10 is pressed against the hammering cam 12.

The hammering cam 12 is fixed to the rotating shaft 13, and when the hammering cam 12 rotates clockwise together with the rotating shaft 13, the collar portion 10 of the hammering cam 12 is rotated.
The portion abutting on the roller gradually becomes larger in diameter, and the collar portion 10, the hammer rod 9, the discharge electrode 5 or the dust collecting member 6 is integrally directed toward the inner side of the cylindrical portion 1 against the force of the spring 11. To move.

When the hammering cam 12 continues to rotate further in the clockwise direction, the diameter of the portion of the hammering cam 12 that abuts on the collar portion 10 suddenly becomes small, and the collar portion 10, the hammering rod 9, the discharge electrode 5 or the collecting electrode 5 is gathered. The dust member 6 is rapidly moved by the force of the spring 11 in a direction projecting from the cylindrical portion 1.

As the hammering cam 12 continues to rotate, the discharge electrode 5 or the dust collecting member 6 is vibrated left and right. In the figure, 8a indicates a cover.

Next, the operation of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described.

The air flow containing the granular material flows into the cylindrical portion 1 from the tangential inlet portion 2 as shown by the arrow a, becomes a swirling flow in the cylindrical portion 1, and gradually descends to form a mesh shape. Passing through the discharge electrode 5.

When passing through the discharge electrode 5 to which a negative voltage is applied, the powder particles contained in the air stream fall along the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 1 by the centrifugal force of the swirling flow and at the same time the discharge electrode 5 is discharged. Are negatively charged by negative ions discharged from the fine particles, the fine particles are aggregated, the apparent particle diameter is increased, and the particles are attracted to the dust collecting member 6 having a positive potential, and further fall and are indicated by an arrow b. Thus, it is taken out from the lower end of the conical portion 3.

Fine particles having an extremely small diameter are attached to the discharge electrode 5, or are particularly attracted to the dust collecting member 6 and remain attached, so that the hammering devices 8 and 8 are used to discharge the discharge electrode 5 and the dust collecting member. When 6 are respectively vibrated, the fine particles adhering to the discharge electrode 5 and the dust collecting member 6 are shaken off and fall with the apparent particle diameter increased, and taken out from the lower end of the conical portion 3.

The air flow separated into the fine powder particles rises in the exhaust inner tube portion 4 and, as shown by arrow c, the exhaust inner tube portion 4
Taken from the top of the.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention, in which the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the discharge electrode 5 is provided at the inlet portion 2 upstream of the lower end of the exhaust inner tubular portion 4, and the funnel-shaped dust collecting member 15 is provided below the lower end of the exhaust inner tubular portion 4. It is provided inside a certain conical portion 3. The discharge electrode 5 is electrically insulated from the inlet portion 2 by the insulating material 14, and can be vibrated by the hammering device 8.
5 can also be vibrated by a hammering device 8, and a negative voltage is applied to the discharge electrode 5 from the DC high-voltage power supply 7 and a positive voltage is applied to the dust collecting member 15.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the air flow containing the powder and granules flows from the tangential inlet portion 2 as shown by the arrow a, and the powder and granules contained in the air flow are discharged from the discharge electrode 5. It is negatively charged by the negative ions discharged from.

The air flow containing the powder and granules flows into the cylindrical portion 1 from the inlet portion 2 to form a swirling flow, and the powder and granular materials fall along the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 1 due to the centrifugal force of the swirling flow. The dust is attracted to the dust collecting member 15 having a positive potential, further falls, and is taken out from the lower end of the conical portion 3 as indicated by an arrow b.

When the discharge electrode 5 and the dust collecting member 15 are vibrated by the hammering device 8, the fine particles adhering to the discharge electrode 5 and the dust collecting member 15 fall in a state where the apparent particle diameter becomes large, It is taken out from the lower end of the conical portion 3.

The air flow separated into fine powder particles rises in the exhaust inner tube portion 4 and, as shown by arrow c, the exhaust inner tube portion 4
Taken from the top of the.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in the drawings, and a plurality of discharge electrodes 5 and dust collecting members 6 may be provided, or the dust collecting members may be arranged on the upstream side and the downstream side of the air flow with the discharge electrodes sandwiched therebetween. It is also possible to combine the embodiment of FIG. 1 and the embodiment of FIG. Further, when the discharge electrode 5 is not in a mesh shape but in a radial shape or a perforated plate shape, the dust collecting member 6 can be implemented in various shapes such as a lattice shape instead of the perforated plate shape.

[0032]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can separate even fine powders that cannot be collected by the conventional cyclone from the air flow, and even in the case of a conventional electrostatic precipitator, even in the case of an air flow having a high dust content concentration, There is no need to install a preliminary dust collector, and there is an effect that the dust collection efficiency can be increased with a simple configuration.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of a hammering device.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional cyclone.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cylindrical part 2 Inlet part 3 Conical part 4 Exhaust inner cylinder part 5 Discharge electrode 6 Dust collecting member 15 Dust collecting member

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] April 21, 1994

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be amended] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Claims]

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0009

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0009]

The cyclone of the present invention comprises:
An inlet portion tangentially provided on the upper portion of the vertical cylindrical portion, a conical portion provided on the lower portion of the cylindrical portion and having a smaller diameter on the lower side, and an upper end suspended from the center of the ceiling of the cylindrical portion.
There the exhaust cylinder portion projecting above the cylindrical portion, and a discharge electrode to which a negative voltage is applied is provided on the inlet side of the lower end of the exhaust in the cylinder portion, it is provided below the dissipating electrode And a dust collecting member to which a positive voltage is applied.

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0012

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, in which an inlet portion 2 is provided tangentially to the cylindrical portion 1 as shown in FIG. A conical portion 3 having a smaller diameter on the lower side is integrally provided at the lower portion of 1. At the center of the cylindrical portion 1, the vertical exhaust inner cylinder portion 4 is provided.
The exhaust inner tubular portion 4 is provided so as to hang down from the ceiling of the cylindrical portion 1 , and has a lower end that is open to the upper and lower intermediate portions of the cylindrical portion 1 and an upper end that is above the upper surface that closes the upper end of the cylindrical portion 1. It projects and opens.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An inlet portion tangentially provided on an upper portion of a vertical cylindrical portion, a conical portion provided on a lower portion of the cylindrical portion and having a smaller diameter on a lower side, and provided vertically at a center of the cylindrical portion. An inner tube portion of the exhaust gas that protrudes above the cylindrical portion, a discharge electrode that is provided closer to the inlet portion than the lower end of the inner tube portion of the exhaust gas and is applied with a negative voltage, and that is provided below the discharge electrode. A cyclone comprising a dust collecting member to which a positive voltage is applied.