CN113502452B - 一种TaN-稀土复合涂层及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种TaN-稀土复合涂层及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113502452B
CN113502452B CN202110785360.7A CN202110785360A CN113502452B CN 113502452 B CN113502452 B CN 113502452B CN 202110785360 A CN202110785360 A CN 202110785360A CN 113502452 B CN113502452 B CN 113502452B
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王楚峰
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Shenzhen Alpha Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种TaN‑稀土复合涂层及其制备方法。为了提高现有的TaN涂层的耐腐蚀性能,本发明创造性的通过离子注入法向TaN涂层中掺入稀土元素镧,离子注入处理后,在TaN涂层的表层或近表层区域形成了耐腐蚀性能优异的TaN‑稀土复合涂层。进一步研究后发现,稀土元素的注入量应控制在合理的范围,因为过多的稀土元素不仅对耐腐蚀性能的提高没有裨益,反而会降低TaN涂层的生物相容性。

Description

一种TaN-稀土复合涂层及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医用涂层领域,具体涉及一种TaN-稀土复合涂层及其制备方法。
背景技术
钽是具有良好生物相容性和骨诱导性的金属,自1940年,钽首次被应用于骨科医疗,迄今为止,未发现钽金属作为人体植入物产生了不良反应。除钽丝、钽片、多孔钽填充材料以外,近年来钽作为涂层材料沉积于骨科植入体表面受到了广泛关注。医疗实践证明,钽涂层具有优异的化学稳定性、生物相容性和骨诱导能力。
然而,钽是一种软质金属,纯钽涂层不是最佳的改性植入体材料,对此,学者们发现氧化钽、碳化钽或氮化钽可以很好的解决这个问题,因而他们具有坚硬和耐磨的优良特性,其中氮化钽的性能尤为突出。但是,在复杂的人体液态环境中,医用植入体的耐腐蚀性能始终面临着严峻的考验,发掘耐腐蚀性能优异的医用材料是一项长期而艰巨的工作。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题,本发明旨在提供一种TaN-稀土复合涂层及其制备方法,该复合涂层可以进一步优化现有TaN涂层的耐腐蚀性能。
一种TaN-稀土复合涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A.选用不锈钢作为衬底;
B.先后对衬底进行抛光、除油、清洗和烘干处理;
C.选用纯度为99.9%的高纯Ta靶材作为溅射源,在氩气和氮气条件下制备TaN涂层,溅射过程的本底真空度低于1*10-4Pa,氩气流量60-80sccm,氮气流量35-50sccm,工作压力1.0-3.0Pa,靶基距约6-8cm,基板偏压-60至-80V,溅射温度180-220℃,溅射时间2-2.5h;
D.对TaN涂层进行真空退火处理,退火温度400-450℃,退火时间2-3h,升温速率15-20℃/min;
E.将退火后的TaN涂层放置于金属蒸汽真空弧电源离子注入设备中,调整离子注入设备腔室的真空度低于4×10-4Pa,并选用稀土镧离子进行离子注入,离子电压为80-100keV。
进一步地,所述衬底的尺寸为8mm*8mm*3mm。
进一步地,所述不锈钢为316L不锈钢。
进一步地,所述抛光选用梯度砂纸进行。
进一步地,所述除油选用15%的碳酸钠溶液。
进一步地,所述清洗选用去离子水并以超声波辅助。
进一步地,所述烘干在惰性气体下进行。
进一步地,所述镧离子注入量为3.6×1013-9.6×1013ions/cm2
本发明还提供了一种TaN-稀土复合涂层,所述复合涂层由上述方法制备而得。
为了提高现有的TaN涂层的耐腐蚀性能,本发明创造性的通过离子注入法向TaN涂层中掺入稀土元素镧,离子注入处理后,在TaN涂层的表层或近表层区域形成了耐腐蚀性能优异的TaN-稀土复合涂层。进一步研究后发现,稀土元素的注入量应控制在合理的范围,因为过多的稀土元素不仅对耐腐蚀性能的提高没有裨益,反而会降低TaN涂层的生物相容性。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例来验证本发明的技术效果,但是本发明的实施方式不局限于此。
实施例1
一种TaN-稀土复合涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A.选用尺寸为8mm*8mm*3mm的316L不锈钢作为衬底;
B.先后对衬底进行抛光、除油、清洗和烘干处理,其中抛光选用梯度砂纸进行,除油选用15%的碳酸钠溶液,清洗选用去离子水并以超声波辅助;烘干在惰性气体下进行;
C.选用纯度为99.9%的高纯Ta靶材作为溅射源,在氩气和氮气条件下制备TaN涂层,溅射过程的本底真空度低于1*10-4Pa,氩气流量60sccm,氮气流量35sccm,工作压力1.0Pa,靶基距8cm,基板偏压-60V,溅射温度180℃,溅射时间2h;
D.对TaN涂层进行真空退火处理,退火温度400℃,退火时间2h,升温速率20℃/min;
E.将退火后的TaN涂层放置于金属蒸汽真空弧电源离子注入设备中,调整离子注入设备腔室的真空度为4×10-4Pa,并选用稀土镧离子进行离子注入,离子电压为80keV,镧离子注入量为3.6×1013ions/cm2
实施例2
一种TaN-稀土复合涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A.选用尺寸为8mm*8mm*3mm的316L不锈钢作为衬底;
B.先后对衬底进行抛光、除油、清洗和烘干处理,其中抛光选用梯度砂纸进行,除油选用15%的碳酸钠溶液,清洗选用去离子水并以超声波辅助;烘干在惰性气体下进行;
C.选用纯度为99.9%的高纯Ta靶材作为溅射源,在氩气和氮气条件下制备TaN涂层,溅射过程的本底真空度低于1*10-4Pa,氩气流量60sccm,氮气流量35sccm,工作压力1.0Pa,靶基距8cm,基板偏压-60V,溅射温度180℃,溅射时间2h;
D.对TaN涂层进行真空退火处理,退火温度400℃,退火时间2h,升温速率20℃/min;
E.将退火后的TaN涂层放置于金属蒸汽真空弧电源离子注入设备中,调整离子注入设备腔室的真空度为4×10-4Pa,并选用稀土镧离子进行离子注入,离子电压为80keV,镧离子注入量为6.8×1013ions/cm2
实施例3
一种TaN-稀土复合涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A.选用尺寸为8mm*8mm*3mm的316L不锈钢作为衬底;
B.先后对衬底进行抛光、除油、清洗和烘干处理,其中抛光选用梯度砂纸进行,除油选用15%的碳酸钠溶液,清洗选用去离子水并以超声波辅助;烘干在惰性气体下进行;
C.选用纯度为99.9%的高纯Ta靶材作为溅射源,在氩气和氮气条件下制备TaN涂层,溅射过程的本底真空度低于1*10-4Pa,氩气流量60sccm,氮气流量35sccm,工作压力1.0Pa,靶基距8cm,基板偏压-60V,溅射温度180℃,溅射时间2h;
D.对TaN涂层进行真空退火处理,退火温度400℃,退火时间2h,升温速率20℃/min;
E.将退火后的TaN涂层放置于金属蒸汽真空弧电源离子注入设备中,调整离子注入设备腔室的真空度为4×10-4Pa,并选用稀土镧离子进行离子注入,离子电压为80keV,镧离子注入量为8.1×1013ions/cm2
实施例4
一种TaN-稀土复合涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A.选用尺寸为8mm*8mm*3mm的316L不锈钢作为衬底;
B.先后对衬底进行抛光、除油、清洗和烘干处理,其中抛光选用梯度砂纸进行,除油选用15%的碳酸钠溶液,清洗选用去离子水并以超声波辅助;烘干在惰性气体下进行;
C.选用纯度为99.9%的高纯Ta靶材作为溅射源,在氩气和氮气条件下制备TaN涂层,溅射过程的本底真空度低于1*10-4Pa,氩气流量60sccm,氮气流量35sccm,工作压力1.0Pa,靶基距8cm,基板偏压-60V,溅射温度180℃,溅射时间2h;
D.对TaN涂层进行真空退火处理,退火温度400℃,退火时间2h,升温速率20℃/min;
E.将退火后的TaN涂层放置于金属蒸汽真空弧电源离子注入设备中,调整离子注入设备腔室的真空度为4×10-4Pa,并选用稀土镧离子进行离子注入,离子电压为80keV,镧离子注入量为9.6×1013ions/cm2
对比例1
一种TaN-稀土复合涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A.选用尺寸为8mm*8mm*3mm的316L不锈钢作为衬底;
B.先后对衬底进行抛光、除油、清洗和烘干处理,其中抛光选用梯度砂纸进行,除油选用15%的碳酸钠溶液,清洗选用去离子水并以超声波辅助;烘干在惰性气体下进行;
C.选用纯度为99.9%的高纯Ta靶材作为溅射源,在氩气和氮气条件下制备TaN涂层,溅射过程的本底真空度低于1*10-4Pa,氩气流量60sccm,氮气流量35sccm,工作压力1.0Pa,靶基距8cm,基板偏压-60V,溅射温度180℃,溅射时间2h;
D.对TaN涂层进行真空退火处理,退火温度400℃,退火时间2h,升温速率20℃/min;
E.将退火后的TaN涂层放置于金属蒸汽真空弧电源离子注入设备中,调整离子注入设备腔室的真空度为4×10-4Pa,并选用稀土镧离子进行离子注入,离子电压为80keV,镧离子注入量为1.5×1013ions/cm2
对比例2
一种TaN-稀土复合涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A.选用尺寸为8mm*8mm*3mm的316L不锈钢作为衬底;
B.先后对衬底进行抛光、除油、清洗和烘干处理,其中抛光选用梯度砂纸进行,除油选用15%的碳酸钠溶液,清洗选用去离子水并以超声波辅助;烘干在惰性气体下进行;
C.选用纯度为99.9%的高纯Ta靶材作为溅射源,在氩气和氮气条件下制备TaN涂层,溅射过程的本底真空度低于1*10-4Pa,氩气流量60sccm,氮气流量35sccm,工作压力1.0Pa,靶基距8cm,基板偏压-60V,溅射温度180℃,溅射时间2h;
D.对TaN涂层进行真空退火处理,退火温度400℃,退火时间2h,升温速率20℃/min;
E.将退火后的TaN涂层放置于金属蒸汽真空弧电源离子注入设备中,调整离子注入设备腔室的真空度为4×10-4Pa,并选用稀土镧离子进行离子注入,离子电压为80keV,镧离子注入量为2.5×1014ions/cm2
以下,我们对实施例1-4以及对比例1-2的实验样品进行电化学腐蚀实验以评定其耐腐蚀性能,并以未进行离子注入处理的TaN涂层作为空白对照组。
另外,通过溶血试验评价各样品的生物相容性,其原理在于:将样品与血液直接接触,测定红细胞膜破裂后释放的血红蛋白量,以检测各样品体外溶血程度。血红蛋白的吸收波长为545nm,可用分光光度计检测其浓度。具体操作步骤如下:
(1)从健康家兔心脏采血100mL,加入2%草酸钾5mL,制成新鲜抗凝血。取抗凝血40mL,加入0.9%氯化钠注射液50mL进行稀释。
(2)取3支硅化试管,一支试管装入试验样品和氯化钠注射液10mL,一支试管空白作为阴性对照组加入氯化钠生理盐水10mL,另外一支试管空白作为阳性对照组分别加入10mL蒸馏水。
(3)所有试管在37℃水浴中恒温30min,分别加入5mL抗凝兔血,并在37℃条件下保温60min。
(4)取试管上层清液,在545nm波长处测定吸光度。每一样品进行三次平行试验并取平均值。
溶血率的计算公式如下:
溶血率(%)=(试样平均吸光度-阴性组吸光度)/(阳性组吸光度-阴性组吸光度)×100
各样品的测试数据如表1所示。
表1各样品的腐蚀实验数据及生物相容性数据
编号 自腐蚀电流密度(μA/cm<sup>2</sup>) 溶血率/%
实施例1 0.238 3.5
实施例2 0.211 4.6
实施例3 0.139 1.2
实施例4 0.073 4.7
对比例1 0.415 3.3
对比例2 0.076 9.7
空白对照组 0.429 3.1
从表1可以看出,通过离子注入稀土元素La可以提高TaN涂层的耐腐蚀性能,并且,耐腐蚀性能随着稀土注入量的增加而得到相应的提高,但是当稀土含量达到某一值后,继续提高稀土注入量,则对耐腐蚀性能的影响不大。另一方面,稀土注入量较低时,TaN涂层的生物相容性呈现出不规律的变化,但整体上与空白对照组相当,而当稀土注入量过多时(如对比例2),则表现出生物相容性急剧下降的态势。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变型,这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种TaN-稀土复合涂层的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
A.选用不锈钢作为衬底;
B.先后对衬底进行抛光、除油、清洗和烘干处理;
C.选用纯度为99.9%的高纯Ta靶材作为溅射源,在氩气和氮气条件下制备TaN涂层,溅射过程的本底真空度低于1*10-4Pa,氩气流量60-80sccm,氮气流量35-50sccm,工作压力1.0-3.0Pa,靶基距6-8cm,基板偏压-60至-80V,溅射温度180-220℃,溅射时间2-2.5h;
D.对TaN涂层进行真空退火处理,退火温度400-450℃,退火时间2-3h,升温速率15-20℃/min;
E.将退火后的TaN涂层放置于金属蒸汽真空弧电源离子注入设备中,调整离子注入设备腔室的真空度低于4×10-4Pa,并选用稀土镧离子进行离子注入,离子电压为80-100keV;所述镧离子注入量为8.1×1013ions/cm2
2.一种如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述衬底的尺寸为8mm*8mm*3mm。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述不锈钢为316L不锈钢。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述抛光选用梯度砂纸进行。
5.一种如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述除油选用15%的碳酸钠溶液。
6.一种如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述清洗选用去离子水并以超声波辅助。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述烘干在惰性气体下进行。
8.一种TaN-稀土复合涂层,其特征在于:所述复合涂层由权利要求1-7中任一项方法制备而得。
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