CN113493744B - 一株烟曲霉及其在污水处理中的应用 - Google Patents
一株烟曲霉及其在污水处理中的应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113493744B CN113493744B CN202110979980.4A CN202110979980A CN113493744B CN 113493744 B CN113493744 B CN 113493744B CN 202110979980 A CN202110979980 A CN 202110979980A CN 113493744 B CN113493744 B CN 113493744B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aspergillus fumigatus
- sewage
- strain
- nitrogen
- content
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 241001225321 Aspergillus fumigatus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229940091771 aspergillus fumigatus Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 101100188686 Danio rerio opn1sw2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 102100031414 EF-hand domain-containing protein D1 Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 101150096151 EFHD1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 101150089053 SWS2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- QALQXPDXOWOWLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N][N+]([O-])=O Chemical compound [N][N+]([O-])=O QALQXPDXOWOWLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 239000001965 potato dextrose agar Substances 0.000 description 5
- 108020004463 18S ribosomal RNA Proteins 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- IMBKASBLAKCLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous ammonium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O IMBKASBLAKCLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1O MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XVOKUMIPKHGGTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Imazethapyr Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(CC)=CN=C1C1=NC(C)(C(C)C)C(=O)N1 XVOKUMIPKHGGTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012408 PCR amplification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010011732 Cyst Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 101100455523 Drosophila melanogaster Lsd-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VQXSOUPNOZTNAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrethrin I Natural products CC(=CC1CC1C(=O)OC2CC(=O)C(=C2C)CC=C/C=C)C VQXSOUPNOZTNAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012300 Sequence Analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000005844 Thymol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011543 agarose gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 2
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000031513 cyst Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007773 growth pattern Effects 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- HYJYGLGUBUDSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrethrin Natural products CCC(=O)OC1CC(=C)C2CC3OC3(C)C2C2OC(=O)C(=C)C12 HYJYGLGUBUDSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N pyrethrin II Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](/C=C(\C)C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@@H]1C(C)=C(C\C=C/C=C)C(=O)C1 VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002728 pyrethroid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960000790 thymol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-pinene Chemical compound CC1=CCC2C(C)(C)C1C2 GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DOBUSJIVSSJEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3-dioxa-2$l^{6}-thia-4-mercuracyclobutane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound [Hg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DOBUSJIVSSJEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N 1S,5S-(-)-alpha-Pinene Natural products CC1=CC[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@H]1C2 GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQROHCSYOGBQGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-Hydroxytryptophol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCO)=CNC2=C1 KQROHCSYOGBQGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000936 Agarose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005874 Bifenthrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100213970 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) ypt3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YUVLVONHNMXKBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Ag+2].OS(O)(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Ag+2].OS(O)(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O YUVLVONHNMXKBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000980 acid dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000246 agarose gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MVNCAPSFBDBCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-pinene Natural products CC1=CCC23C1CC2C3(C)C MVNCAPSFBDBCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940010514 ammonium ferrous sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XGGLLRJQCZROSE-UHFFFAOYSA-K ammonium iron(iii) sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O XGGLLRJQCZROSE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OMFRMAHOUUJSGP-IRHGGOMRSA-N bifenthrin Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C)=C1COC(=O)[C@@H]1[C@H](\C=C(/Cl)C(F)(F)F)C1(C)C OMFRMAHOUUJSGP-IRHGGOMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012160 loading buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZBJWWKFMHOAPNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N loretin Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=C(I)C=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C2=C1 ZBJWWKFMHOAPNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950010248 loretin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940074994 mercuric sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000372 mercury(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013048 microbiological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012898 sample dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/347—Use of yeasts or fungi
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/163—Nitrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/166—Nitrites
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一株烟曲霉及其在污水处理中的应用。本发明首先从生活污水中分离到一株烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)菌株SWS2,该菌株已经于2021年7月12日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M2021865。该菌株96h内能将模拟污水培养基中的氨氮含量减少48.50mg·L‑1、硝基氮含量减少10.08mg·L‑1、亚硝基氮含量减少9.90mg·L‑1,磷含量减少38.99mg·L‑1,化学需氧量减少1219mg·L‑1,降解率分别为87.85%、71.95%、65.4%、99.95%和93.76%,具有应用于污水处理中降解N、P含量的潜力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一株烟曲霉及其在污水处理中的应用,尤其是在降解污水中的N、P中的应用,属于生物技术领域。
背景技术
随着我国社会经济及城市化进程的快速发展,水体环境污染问题越来越严重。污水是由于水里掺入了新的物质或者因为外界条件的变化,导致水变质不能继续保持原来的使用功能。据统计,我国污水、废水排放量每天约为1亿多吨,截至2016年2月,全国295座城市存在1811个水体污染,其中,河流有1545条,占抽查水体总样本的85.4%;湖、塘合计264个,占14.6%,每年由于水污染造成的经济损失高达377亿元。水体污染破坏城市水体的生态系统,严重影响其景观功能,有损周围群众的感官体验,已成为制约经济和社会发展的一大障碍。
污水是指生活、生产排出的受到污染的、丧失其原本使用功能的水。少量的污染物可以通过水体的自净作用进行自我修复,而过多的污染物进入水体,不仅会破坏其本来的价值和作用,还会破坏水体本身的自净作用,导致水体受到污染。污染水影响了水生生物的生存家园,也会对人类的日常生活、工业生产等方面造成很大的影响,甚至会引起生物富集,导致一些污染物,如残留农药、重金属盐等物质沿生态系统中的食物链或食物网中各营养级的传递,逐步在生物体内积累,对各营养级生物造成巨大伤害作用。按照污水来源,污水可以分为:工业废水、生活污水、养殖污水、商业污水和表面径流。污水处理是为了使污水达到排入某一水体或再次使用的水质要求对其进行净化的过程。污水处理被广泛应用于建筑、农业、交通、能源、石化、环保、城市景观、医疗、餐饮等各个领域,也越来越多地走进寻常百姓的日常生活。
在水污染治理过程中,微生物可以利用污水中的有机物并将其分解,从而达到净化水体的作用。目前,对水质净化起到重要作用的微生物大约有以下几种:光合细菌、酵母菌、硝化细菌、反硝化细菌、芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、白腐菌等。微生物法处理污染水体效果良好且具有不易造成二次污染,更加安全、环保、经济的特点,从而被广泛关注。
中国专利文献CN112094758A(申请号202011043866.2)公开了一种烟曲霉菌株及其在降解聚乙烯醇中的应用。该菌株能在以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为唯一碳源的固体无机盐培养基或液体无机盐培养基中生长并降解PVA,在24小时内能将液体培养基中PVA的浓度减少2.72g/L,具有应用于环境中PVA污染微生物处理的潜力。
中国专利文献CN105441339A(申请号201610004133.5)公开了一种烟曲霉及其应用。该烟曲霉可用于降解芘,并进一步用于降解多环芳烃,为芘污染和其他多环芳烃污染的生物处理工程提供强有力的帮助。
中国专利文献CN109182143A(申请号201811142205.8)公开了一种烟曲霉LSD-1及其培养方法和应用。这种烟曲霉LSD-1能够将甾醇降解为二氧化碳和水,对甾醇降解率达到57.83%。
中国专利文献CN107090412A(申请号201710372182.9)公开了一种降解联苯菊酯的烟曲霉及其应用。该烟曲霉对菊酯具有降解作用,对水中的菊酯的降解率可达70.5%;对土壤中菊酯浓度的降解率可达53.6%。
中国专利文献CN104480024A(申请号201410814363.9)公开了一种乙酸丁酯降解菌——烟曲霉菌(Aspergillus fumigatus)HD-2,可以降解乙酸丁酯、氯苯、α-蒎烯、异丙醇或乙酸乙酯,其降解高效、耐受能力强。
中国专利文献CN102329734A(申请号201010223818.1)公开了一种烟曲霉及其应用,能以咪唑乙烟酸为唯一碳源生长,并且其在含200mg·L-1咪唑乙烟酸的基础盐培养基中培养8天,可使咪唑乙烟酸的降解率达82.91%,为治理咪唑乙烟酸污染土壤和水体提供技术支持。
上述专利文献中公开的烟曲霉均可以降解一定的有机污染物,但是采用烟曲霉降解污水中的N、P未见报道。
发明内容
本发明克服了上述现有技术的不足,提供一株烟曲霉及其在污水处理中的应用。该菌株可以快速、有效的降解污水中的N(氨氮、硝基氮和亚硝基氮)和P,降低化学需氧量且不造成二次污染,在生活污水处理方面具有良好的应用前景。
本发明首先从生活污水中分离到一株烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)菌株SWS2,该菌株已经于2021年7月12日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心(CCTCC),保藏地址是:中国.武汉.武汉大学,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M2021865。上述烟曲霉菌株SWS2在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基上生长为表面深绿色,背面苍白色菌落。光学显微镜下可见淡绿色分生孢子,其梗壁光滑、呈短柱状;顶囊孢子呈烧瓶状;小分生孢子呈球形、绿色有小刺;小梗在顶囊上半部,单层。
上述烟曲霉菌株SWS2的普通培养可以采用PDA培养基。
上述烟曲霉菌株SWS2的大量发酵,可以采用下述的发酵培养基:蔗糖3%,麸皮3%,酵母膏0.5%,KH2PO4 0.3%,MgSO4·7H2O 0.1%,KCl 0.05%,水1000毫升,121℃湿热灭菌30min。
上述烟曲霉菌株的优选培养温度为28℃,培养时间为2天。
本发明还公开了上述烟曲霉菌株SWS2在污水处理中的应用。进一步的,在降解污水中的N、P中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下具有以下有益效果:
本发明首次提供了能够降解污水中N、P含量的烟曲霉菌株,该菌株96h内能将模拟污水培养基中的氨氮含量减少48.50mg·L-1、硝基氮含量减少10.08mg·L-1、亚硝基氮含量减少9.90mg·L-1,磷含量减少38.99mg·L-1,化学需氧量减少1219mg·L-1,降解率分别为87.85%、71.95%、65.4%、99.95%和93.76%,具有应用于污水处理中降解N、P含量的潜力。
根据GB 18918-2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》,氨氮降解后浓度6.71mg·L-1达到国家排放一级标准B 8.00mg·L-1;磷降解后浓度0.02mg·L-1达到国家排放一级标准A 0.50mg·L-1;化学需氧量降解后浓度81mg·L-1达到国家排放二级标准,该菌株在污水的处理方面具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为烟曲霉SWS2平板菌落图;
图2为烟曲霉SWS2在20×光学显微镜下的形态图;
图3为烟曲霉SWS2的系统发育树;
图4为烟曲霉SWS2在模拟污水培养基中的生长形态;
图5为烟曲霉SWS2对模拟污水培养基中的氨氮的降解曲线;
图6为烟曲霉SWS2对模拟污水培养基中的硝基氮的降解曲线;
图7为烟曲霉SWS2对模拟污水培养基中的亚硝基氮的降解曲线;
图8为烟曲霉SWS2对模拟污水培养基中的磷的降解曲线;
图9为烟曲霉SWS2对模拟污水培养基中的化学需氧量的降解曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1:烟曲霉SWS2的分离
取100mL生活污水于500mL锥形瓶中,28℃、160r/min振荡培养3d后,挑取培养液中的菌丝球在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基上划线纯化,28℃倒置培养2d后,分别挑取呈烟绿色的单菌落,转接至PDA培养基试管斜面中,于28℃培养2d,长满菌苔后,置于4℃冰箱中保存备用,命名为SWS2。
SWS2的长期保藏:将PDA培养斜面上的孢子刮下,制成含孢子108的菌悬液,加入50%甘油,混匀,-70℃保存。
实施例2:烟曲霉SWS2的鉴定
(1)形态学特征
如图1所示,上述SWS2菌株在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基上生长为表面深绿色,背面苍白色菌落。如图2所示,光学显微镜下可见淡绿色分生孢子,其梗壁光滑、呈短柱状;顶囊孢子呈烧瓶状;小分生孢子呈球形、绿色有小刺;小梗在顶囊上半部,单层。
(2)18S rDNA序列分析
将SWS2菌株接种到马铃薯葡萄糖水中,于28℃,160r/min摇床培养24h。所述马铃薯葡萄糖水配方为:马铃薯浸出粉6.0g,葡萄糖20.0g。收集菌体,提取总DNA,然后以其为模板,在真菌18S rDNA基因通用引物ITS4:5′-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3′和ITS5:5′-GGAAGTAAAAGTCGTAACAAGG-3′的引导下进行PCR扩增,PCR长度为642bp。
表1 PCR的扩增体系及组分(50μL)
反应条件:97℃,3min;97℃,15s,55℃,30s,72℃,1.5min,35个循环;72℃,10min;4℃保存。
将PCR扩增产物与10×Loading Buffer混合,进行25-30min的1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳,电压为18V/cm,电泳时间为20min,采用核酸染料进行琼脂糖电泳染色,采用紫外凝胶成像系统进行拍照。使用普通琼脂糖凝胶DNA回收试剂盒对目的片段进行琼脂糖凝胶回收,回收产物测序。将所测18s rDNA序列(SEQ No.1)于NCBI数据库中的序列进行比对,并用MEGA7.0软件进行多序列同源性分析,并构建系统发育树,如图3所示。
烟曲霉基因序列(SEQ No.1):
CCCCAAATTTCTTCCCCCCCCCCCCCTTTTTTGTTAAGTTCAGCGGGTATCCCTACCTGATCCGAGGTCAACCTTAGAAAAATAAAGTTGGGTGTCGGCTGGCGCCGGCCGGGCCTACAGAGCAGGTGACAAAGCCCCATACGCTCGAGGACCGGACGCGGTGCCGCCGCTGCCTTTCGGGCCCGTCCCCCGGGAGAGGGGGACGGGGGCCCAACACACAAGCCGTGCTTGAGGGCAGCAATGACGCTCGGACAGGCATGCCCCCCGGAATACCAGGGGGCGCAATGTGCGTTCAAAGACTCGATGATTCACTGAATTCTGCAATTCACATTACTTATCGCATTTCGCTGCGTTCTTCATCGATGCCGGAACCAAGAGATCCGTTGTTGAAAGTTTTAACTGATTACGATAATCAACTCAGACTGCATACTTTCAGAACAGCGTTCATGTTGGGGTCTTCGGCGGGCGCGGGCCCGGGGGCGCAAGGCCTCCCCGGCGGCCGTCGAAACGGCGGGCCCGCCGAAGCAACAAGGTACGATAGACACGGGTGGGAGGTTGGACCCAGAGGGCCCTCACTCGGTAATGATCCTTCCGCAGGTTCACCTACGGAAACCTTGTAGTTTTTTTTTTTTCCTCCAAAAG。
经形态学特征及18S rDNA序列分析,鉴定菌株SWS2为烟曲霉(Aspergillusfumigatus),该菌株已经于2021年7月12日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心(CCTCC),保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M2021865。
实施例3:烟曲霉SWS2对模拟污水培养基中氨氮、硝基氮、亚硝基氮、磷、化学需氧量的降解试验
制备模拟污水培养基1000mL,分装于5个500mL锥形瓶中,配方如表2所示,微量元素配方如表3所示。
表2模拟污水培养基配方
表3微量元素配方
烟曲霉SWS2在模拟污水培养基中的生长形态如图4所示。烟曲霉SWS2对模拟污水培养基中氨氮、硝基氮、亚硝基氮、磷、化学需氧量的降解试验如下。
(1)纳氏试剂分光光度法测定水中氨氮含量及标准曲线绘制
根据国家标准HJ-535-2009《水质氨氮的测定纳氏试剂分光光度法》的测定方法,绘制氨氮标准曲线并测定SWS2菌种处理0h、24h、48h、72h、96h的模拟生活污水中氨氮残余量。
表4氨氮标准曲线测定
将表4中的将氨氮标准工作液替换为水样,水样为接入菌落计数结果为2×108cfu·mL-1的SWS2菌种、按照表2配制的模拟生活污水,测定其氨氮的含量。
根据公式(1),计算烟曲霉对模拟污水中氨氮的脱除效果,并绘制降解曲线。
式(1)中,ρN——水样中氨氮的质量浓度,mg·L-1;
m——相应于吸光值的氨氮含量,μg;
V——试样体积,mL。
如图5所示,模拟污水中的氨氮含量在96h内,由55.21mg·L-1降低至6.71mg·L-1,降解效率达到87.85%,证明SWS2菌种具有优良的氨氮降解率。
(2)麝香草酚分光光度法测定水中硝基氮含量及标准曲线绘制
选择麝香草酚分光光度法进行测定,绘制硝基氮标注曲线并测定SWS2菌种处理0h、24h、48h、72h、96h的模拟生活污水中硝基氮残余量。
表5硝基氮标准曲线测定
将表5中的将硝酸盐氮标准使用液替换为水样,水样为接入菌落计数结果为2×108cfu·mL-1的SWS2菌种、按照表2配制的模拟生活污水,测定其硝基氮的含量。
根据公式(2),计算烟曲霉对模拟污水中硝基氮的脱除效果,并绘制降解曲线。
式(2)中,c——硝基氮浓度,mg·L-1;
m——相应于吸光值的硝基氮含量,μg;
V——试样体积,mL。
如图6所示,模拟污水中的硝基氮含量在96h内,由15.01mg·L-1降低至4.21mg·L-1,降解效率达到71.95%,证明分离得到的SWS2菌种具有良好的硝基氮降解率。
(3)分光光度法测定水中亚硝基氮含量及标准曲线绘制
根据国家标准GB/T 7493-1987《水质亚硝酸盐氮的测定分光光度法》的测定方法,绘制亚硝基氮标准曲线并测定SWS2菌种处理0h、24h、48h、72h、96h的模拟生活污水中亚硝基氮残余量。
表6亚硝基氮标准曲线测定
将表6中的将亚硝酸盐氮标准使用液替换为水样,水样为接入菌落计数结果为2×108cfu·mL-1的SWS2菌种、按照表2配制的模拟生活污水,测定其亚硝基氮的含量。
根据公式(3),计算烟曲霉对模拟污水中亚硝基氮的脱除效果,并绘制降解曲线。
式(3)中,cN——亚硝酸盐浓度,mg·L-1;
mN——相应于吸光值的亚硝酸盐氮含量,μg;
V——试样体积,mL。
如图7所示,模拟污水中的亚硝基氮含量在96h内,由15.22mg·L-1降低至5.32mg·L-1,降解效率达到65.04%,证明SWS2菌种具有良好的亚硝基氮降解率。
(4)钼酸铵分光光度法测定水中磷含量及标准曲线绘制
根据国家标准GB/T 11893-1989《水质总磷的测定钼酸铵分光光度法》的测定方法,绘制磷标准曲线并测定SWS2菌种处理0h、24h、48h、72h、96h的模拟生活污水中亚硝基氮的残余量。
表7磷标准曲线测定
将表7中的将磷酸盐标准工作液替换为水样,水样为接入菌落计数结果为2×108cfu·mL-1的SWS2菌种、按照表2配制的模拟生活污水,测定其磷的含量。
根据公式(4),计算烟曲霉对模拟污水中磷的脱除效果,并绘制降解曲线。
式(4)中,c——磷浓度,mg·L-1;
m——相应于吸光值的磷含量,μg;
V——试样体积,mL。
如图8所示,模拟污水中的磷含量在96h内,由39.01mg·L-1降低至0.02mg·L-1,降解效率达到99.95%,证明SWS2菌种具有优良的磷降解率。
(5)重铬酸盐法测定水中的化学需氧量
根据国家标准GB/T 1191SWS2989《水质化学需氧量的测定重铬酸盐法》的测定方法,测定SWS2菌种处理0h、24h、48h、72h、96h的模拟生活污水中化学需氧量。
向回流装置中加入10mL水样,水样为接入菌落计数结果为2×108cfu·mL-1的SWS2菌种、按照表2配制的模拟生活污水。加入沸石和2.0mL硫酸汞溶液、5.0mL重铬酸钾溶液。摇匀后,向沿冷凝管缓慢加入15mL硫酸银-硫酸溶液,溶液沸腾开始计时,188℃沸腾回流2h。回流结束后,冷却至室温,加入2滴试亚铁灵指示剂,用硫酸亚铁铵标准溶液进行滴定,直至溶液颜色变为红褐色且30s不褪色即为滴定终点,记录硫酸亚铁铵消耗体积。
根据公式(5),计算烟曲霉对模拟污水中化学需氧量的去除效果,并绘制降解曲线。
式(5)中,ρ——水样中的化学需氧量,mg·L-1;
C——硫酸铁铵标准溶液浓度,mol·L-1;
V0——以实验用水为空白试验所消耗的硫酸亚铁铵标准溶液体积,mL;
V1——水样测定消耗的硫酸亚铁铵标准溶液体积,mL;
V2——水样体积,mL;
f——样品稀释倍数;
8000——1/4O2的摩尔质量以mg·L-1为单位的换算值。
如图9所示,模拟污水中的磷含量在96h内,由1300mg·L-1降低至81mg·L-1,去除效率达到93.76%,证明SWS2菌种能对模拟污水中的还原性有机物及亚硝酸盐有较好的降解作用。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 山东省科学院生物研究所
<120> 一株烟曲霉及其在污水处理中的应用
<130> 0
<160> 1
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
<210> 1
<211> 642
<212> DNA
<213> 烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)菌株SWS2
<400> 1
ccccaaattt cttccccccc cccccctttt ttgttaagtt cagcgggtat ccctacctga 60
tccgaggtca accttagaaa aataaagttg ggtgtcggct ggcgccggcc gggcctacag 120
agcaggtgac aaagccccat acgctcgagg accggacgcg gtgccgccgc tgcctttcgg 180
gcccgtcccc cgggagaggg ggacgggggc ccaacacaca agccgtgctt gagggcagca 240
atgacgctcg gacaggcatg ccccccggaa taccaggggg cgcaatgtgc gttcaaagac 300
tcgatgattc actgaattct gcaattcaca ttacttatcg catttcgctg cgttcttcat 360
cgatgccgga accaagagat ccgttgttga aagttttaac tgattacgat aatcaactca 420
gactgcatac tttcagaaca gcgttcatgt tggggtcttc ggcgggcgcg ggcccggggg 480
cgcaaggcct ccccggcggc cgtcgaaacg gcgggcccgc cgaagcaaca aggtacgata 540
gacacgggtg ggaggttgga cccagagggc cctcactcgg taatgatcct tccgcaggtt 600
cacctacgga aaccttgtag tttttttttt ttcctccaaa ag 642
Claims (4)
1.一株烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)菌株SWS2,所述菌株的保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M2021865。
2.权利要求1所述的烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)菌株SWS2在污水处理中的应用。
3.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征是,所述的污水处理为:降解污水中的N和P,降低化学需氧量。
4.如权利要求3所述的应用,其特征是,所述降解污水中的N包括氨氮、硝基氮和亚硝基氮。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110979980.4A CN113493744B (zh) | 2021-08-25 | 2021-08-25 | 一株烟曲霉及其在污水处理中的应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110979980.4A CN113493744B (zh) | 2021-08-25 | 2021-08-25 | 一株烟曲霉及其在污水处理中的应用 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN113493744A CN113493744A (zh) | 2021-10-12 |
CN113493744B true CN113493744B (zh) | 2022-09-13 |
Family
ID=77996949
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110979980.4A Active CN113493744B (zh) | 2021-08-25 | 2021-08-25 | 一株烟曲霉及其在污水处理中的应用 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN113493744B (zh) |
-
2021
- 2021-08-25 CN CN202110979980.4A patent/CN113493744B/zh active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN113493744A (zh) | 2021-10-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Calvo-Bado et al. | Spatial and temporal analysis of the microbial community in slow sand filters used for treating horticultural irrigation water | |
CN101993837B (zh) | 高活性高耐受甲醛降解菌及其应用 | |
CN109536405A (zh) | 一种复合微生物制剂 | |
CN104911130A (zh) | 一株具有脱氮能力的盐单胞菌及其应用 | |
Saurav et al. | Biosorption of Cr (III) and Cr (VI) by Streptomyces VITSVK9 spp. | |
CN101139140A (zh) | 一种利用微生物降解铜绿微囊藻的方法 | |
CN102586160A (zh) | 嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌ds4 | |
CN106635867A (zh) | 嗜盐芽孢杆菌及其应用 | |
CN110283741A (zh) | 一株具有高效降解多环芳烃功能的玫瑰杆菌及其应用 | |
Feng et al. | Characterization of Pseudomonas mendocina LR capable of removing nitrogen from various nitrogen-contaminated water samples when cultivated with Cyperus alternifolius L. | |
CN102583780A (zh) | 嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌ds4在降解皂素废水有机污染物中的应用 | |
CN102220240A (zh) | Pm-i污泥减量微生物制剂 | |
CN110846254A (zh) | 用于脱氮的复合微生物菌剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN109355206A (zh) | 复合微生物除氮菌剂 | |
CN104212728A (zh) | 一种降解酚水的耐高盐热带假丝酵母菌 | |
CN102965322A (zh) | 一种锰氧化复合菌系及其应用 | |
CN113215023A (zh) | 一种蜡状芽孢杆菌及应用 | |
CN113493744B (zh) | 一株烟曲霉及其在污水处理中的应用 | |
CN114410509B (zh) | 产气肠杆菌联用产气克雷伯氏菌的菌剂、组合物及应用 | |
CN102533596A (zh) | 具有反硝化性能的反硝化产碱菌及其应用 | |
Derbalah et al. | Efficiency of Candida tropicalis for potential degradation of metalaxyl in the aqueous media | |
CN106399200B (zh) | 一株产碱菌及其在高盐高聚废水中的应用 | |
CN108102943A (zh) | 一种高效脱氮微生物及其应用 | |
CN114162978A (zh) | 土生隐球酵母在废水处理中的用途 | |
CN113789275A (zh) | 一株Kosakonia oryzae CH-5菌株及其应用 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20231108 Address after: Room 1504, No. 39 Kunyu Road, Longshan Office, Wendeng District, Weihai City, Shandong Province, 264200 Patentee after: WEIHAI TIANCHEN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CO.,LTD. Address before: 250014 No. 19, ASTRI Road, Lixia District, Shandong, Ji'nan Patentee before: BIOLOGY INSTITUTE OF SHANDONG ACADEMY OF SCIENCES |