CN113482611B - Mining method for alternately ascending continuous mining thick and large broken ore bodies - Google Patents
Mining method for alternately ascending continuous mining thick and large broken ore bodies Download PDFInfo
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- CN113482611B CN113482611B CN202110734230.0A CN202110734230A CN113482611B CN 113482611 B CN113482611 B CN 113482611B CN 202110734230 A CN202110734230 A CN 202110734230A CN 113482611 B CN113482611 B CN 113482611B
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
- E21C27/20—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
- E21F13/02—Transport of mined mineral in galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
- E21F13/04—Transport of mined material in gravity inclines; in staple or inclined shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
- E21F13/06—Transport of mined material at or adjacent to the working face
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a mining method for alternately ascending continuous mining thick and large broken ore bodies. The section structure cross section of one stoping is hexagonal, the width of the upper edge and the lower edge of the hexagon is 25% -35% of the width of the middle waist, the distance between the bottom plates of the odd-numbered stopes and the even-numbered stopes in the vertical direction is 40% -60% of the height of the stopes in the sections, the odd-numbered stopes are firstly stoped in a disc area, after stoping along the whole length of the stopes is finished, filling retaining walls are erected on the bottom plate of the stopes, a cemented filling body is adopted to fill goats, after stoping of all the odd-numbered stopes in the same section is finished, stoping of the even-numbered stopes of the next section is started, when the even-numbered stopes are filled, the lower half part adopts a tailing filling body to fill goats, and the upper half part adopts a cemented filling body to fill goats; and after the stoping of the even-numbered stopes is finished, stoping of the odd-numbered stopes of the next section is carried out, and continuous stoping is carried out by alternately ascending. The stoping method not only improves the production capacity of a single stope and reduces the mining operation cost, but also has the outstanding characteristics of simple process, safety and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining, and relates to a mining method for alternately ascending continuous mining thick and large broken ore bodies. The method is mainly suitable for the stoping of the inclined thick and large broken ore bodies in the underground gold exploitation.
Background
In the mining of the inclined thick and large broken ore body, as the ore body is broken, when the layered filling mining method is adopted for stoping, a large number of safety ore pillars must be reserved for ensuring the safety of a roof, so that the ore loss rate is high. If the safety pillar is not reserved, an upward access mining method is adopted, and the mining efficiency is low. In other general medium-length hole mining methods, the cross section structure of the stope is generally rectangular, so that the method is suitable for stopes with relatively stable ore body thickness and is not suitable for stopes with relatively broken ore body thickness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a mining method for alternately ascending and continuously extracting thick and large crushed ore bodies, which realizes safe, efficient and low-lean mining of inclined thick and large crushed ore bodies.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a mining method for alternately ascending continuous mining thick and large broken ore bodies is characterized in that when a trackless mining standard system is arranged on the lower disc of the ore bodies, a middle section transportation lane is constructed through a middle (sub) section connecting passage, then a middle section ore drawing cross lane is constructed on the lower disc of the middle section transportation lane at the middle part of a disc area, a ore chute is constructed upwards in the middle section ore drawing cross lane, and the ore chute is communicated with each section of the later-stage construction cross lane; constructing a stope connecting channel towards the lower disc of the ore body in the central position of the stope of the disc area, and constructing a rock drilling tunnel to the upper disc of the ore body in the vertical ore body trend in the stope after reaching the boundary of the lower disc of the ore body, and constructing a cutting raise in the position close to the upper disc of the ore body upwards and communicating with the rock drilling tunnel constructed from the upper segment;
during the stoping of the disc zone, the disc zone is arranged along the trend of the ore body, the stopes are arranged at intervals perpendicular to the trend of the ore body, and the stope structure is as follows: the whole cross section of a sectional structure of one stoping is hexagonal, the widths of the upper side and the lower side of the hexagon are 25% -35% of the width of a middle waist, eight continuous first to eighth stopes are arranged in a disc area, the distance between bottom plates of an odd-numbered stope and an even-numbered stope in the vertical direction is 40% -60% of the height of the stope in the section, the disc area firstly stopes the odd-numbered stope, after stope full length stoping is finished, a filling retaining wall is erected on a lower disc of the stope, a cemented filling body is adopted to fill a goaf, after stoping of all odd-numbered stopes in the same section is finished, stoping of the even-numbered stope of the next section is started, and when the even-numbered stope is filled, the lower half part adopts a tailing filling body to fill the goaf, and the upper half part adopts a cemented filling body to fill the goaf; and after the stoping of the even-numbered stopes is finished, stoping of the odd-numbered stopes of the next section is carried out, and continuous stoping is carried out by alternately ascending until the stoping is finished.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and before stoping the odd-numbered stopes and the even-numbered stopes of the last section, cleaning the filling bodies in the upper middle section rock drilling gallery through the upper middle section conveying gallery.
Preferably, before the disc zone stoping, firstly supporting the main fracture of the upper disc by using a long anchor cable in advance in a rock drilling tunnel; and then, carrying out slot pulling on the cutting patio, expanding to the boundaries of two sides of a stope, carrying out fan-shaped medium-length hole ore dropping on the stope after slot pulling is finished, and unloading the blasted ore heap to a ore chute through a chute connecting channel by adopting a scraper.
Preferably, the chute inclination is 50 ° -60 °.
Preferably, the height of the stope in the section is 15m, the distance between the bottom plates of the odd-numbered stope and the even-numbered stope in the vertical direction is 7.5m, the widths of the upper edge and the lower edge of the hexagon are 3m, and the width of the middle waist is 10m.
The invention has the positive effects that:
1. the production capacity is high, and the mining efficiency is high. The mining field in the disc area adopts medium-length hole ore dropping, so that the ore dropping efficiency is high; meanwhile, four stopes are operated, the comprehensive production capacity is high, and the mining efficiency is high.
2. The operation safety is high. The stope structure adopts a hexagonal structure, and the stope roof is arched, so that larger stress can be born, and the problem of larger rock mass crushing pressure is effectively solved; the exposed width of the stope roof is small, the structure is relatively stable, the exposed width of the stope roof is only 3m, and the safety is high; the interface of adjacent stopes is inclined plane (hexagonal hypotenuse), and the filling body is less prone to collapse under the same blasting parameters, and in addition, the stope rock drilling is carried out in the rock drilling lane entirely, so that the operation is safer.
3. The loss rate is low, and the mining recovery rate is high. Stope adopts upward filling mining method to stope, does not leave top and bottom columns and intermediate columns, and completely stopes ore body, and has high ore stoping rate and low loss rate.
4. The depletion rate is low, and the ore-discharging quality is good. During stope stoping, ore bodies are arranged on two sides of the upper half part of the stope, so that depletion is small. The two sides of the lower half part of the mining field are provided with the cemented filling bodies, the cemented filling bodies are inclined outwards, the inclination angle is preferably 120 degrees, the possibility of collapse of the filling bodies into the mining field is reduced to the greatest extent, the depletion of tailings is effectively reduced, and the depletion rate of ores is lower.
5. The filling efficiency is high. When stope is filled, the goaf with the height of 15m is filled once, the goaf is relatively larger in volume, and the filling efficiency is higher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal projection of a stope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a section II-II of FIG. 1; the section is an odd numbered stope.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of III-III of FIG. 1; the section is an even numbered stope.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of section IV-IV of FIG. 1.
In the figure: 1-medium (segment) section contact; 2-sectioning a gallery; 3-a mine-sliding communication channel; 4-mine slipping; 5-stope connecting roadway; 6-rock drilling tunnel; 7, ore body; 8-cutting the courtyard; 9-long anchor cable; 10-heap; 11-sector medium-deep holes; 12-cementing the filler; 13-a tailing filling body; 14-filling retaining walls with wood boards; 15-a middle section transportation lane; 16-a middle section ore removal horizontal lane; 17-upper middle section transportation lane.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the present invention is directed to an embodiment of an alternate ascending continuous back-mining thick large crushed ore mining method comprising the steps of:
1. the coil areas are arranged along the trend of the ore body 7, and the length is 55.5m; the width of the disc zone is the horizontal thickness of the ore body 7, and the horizontal thickness is more than 25 m; the height of the middle section is 45m, the height of the section is 15m, the top and bottom columns are not arranged, the middle column is not arranged, the height of the stope in the section is 15m, the stope structure is hexagonal as shown in fig. 1, the widths of the upper side and the lower side are 3m, and the width of the middle waist is 10m. Eight stopes are arranged in the disc area at intervals, the stopes are arranged at intervals in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the ore body 7, and the bottom plates of the odd-numbered stopes and the even-numbered stopes are separated by 7.5m in the vertical direction.
2. And arranging a trackless mining system on the lower disc of the ore body.
First, a middle section transportation lane 15 is constructed through a middle (divided) section connecting lane 1, and then a middle section ore removal cross lane 16 is constructed at the lower plate of the middle section transportation lane 15 at the middle part of the plate area. The chute 4 is constructed upwards in the middle section ore removal horizontal lane 16, has an inclination angle of about 55 degrees, and is communicated with each sectional horizontal lane 2 in later construction.
At the central position of the stope of the coil area, a vertical middle section conveying lane 15 is used for constructing a stope connecting channel 5 towards the lower coil of the ore body 7. And after reaching the lower disc boundary of the ore body 7, the ore body 7 moves to the construction rock drilling tunnel 6 in the stope vertically until the ore body 7 is put on the disc. And a cutting patio 8 is constructed upwards at a position close to the upper disc of the ore body 7 and is communicated with the rock drilling tunnel 6 constructed from the upper section.
3. And (5) disc zone stoping.
Firstly, stoping odd-numbered stopes in a disc area, and before stoping, firstly, supporting an upper disc main fracture in a rock drilling roadway 6 by using a long anchor rope 9 in advance; and then the cutting courtyard 8 is grooved to expand to the boundaries of the two sides of the stope. After the slot pulling is finished, the sector medium-deep hole 11 is carried out on the stope, the blasted ore heap 10 is shoveled by a scraper, and ore is unloaded to the ore chute 4 through the ore chute connecting channel 3. After the full-length stoping is completed, a wood plate filling retaining wall 14 is erected on the stope bottom plate, and the goaf is filled by adopting a cementing filling body 12. The medium-deep hole 11 is preferably an upward vertical fan-shaped medium-deep hole.
In the same section, after the stoping of all odd-numbered stopes is finished, stoping of the next section even-numbered stope is started, and the stoping process is the same as that of the odd-numbered stopes, except that when the even-numbered stopes are filled, the lower half part adopts a tailing filling body 13 to fill a goaf, and the upper half part adopts a cemented filling body 12 to fill the goaf. And after the stoping of the even-numbered stopes is finished, stoping of the odd-numbered stopes of the next section is carried out, and continuous stoping is carried out by alternately ascending until the stoping is finished.
4. And cleaning the filling body in the upper middle section rock drilling roadway.
Before the odd-numbered stopes and the even-numbered stopes of the last section are stoped, filling bodies in the upper middle section rock drilling gallery 6 are cleaned through the upper middle section conveying gallery 17 to create a free channel in order to ensure that ventilation and filling pipelines are convenient to erect.
The mining method for the underground mine inclined thick and large broken ore body adopts an alternately ascending continuous mining method for the underground mine inclined thick and large broken ore body, so that the safe, efficient and low-cost mining of the ore body is realized.
Claims (6)
1. A mining method for alternately ascending continuous mining thick and large broken ore bodies is characterized in that when a trackless mining standard system is arranged on the lower disc of the ore bodies, a middle section conveying lane (15) is constructed through a middle (sub) section connecting lane (1), then a middle section ore drawing cross lane (16) is constructed on the lower disc of the middle section conveying lane (15) at the middle part of a disc area, a chute (4) is constructed upwards in the middle section ore drawing cross lane (16), and the chute is communicated with each sub-section gallery (2) constructed later; constructing a stope connecting channel (5) towards the lower disc of an ore body (7) in the central position of a disc area stope by a vertical middle section conveying channel (15), after reaching the lower disc boundary of the ore body (7), constructing a rock drilling tunnel (6) to the upper disc of the ore body (7) in the stope in a vertical ore body (7), constructing a cutting courtyard (8) upwards at the upper disc position close to the ore body (7), and communicating with the rock drilling tunnel (6) constructed from the upper segment;
when the disc zone is mined, the disc zone is arranged along the trend of the ore body (7), the stopes are arranged at intervals in the direction perpendicular to the trend of the ore body (7), and the stope structure is as follows: the whole cross section of a sectional structure of one stoping is hexagonal, the width of the upper edge and the lower edge of the hexagon is 25% -35% of the width of the middle waist, eight continuous first to eighth stopes are arranged in a disc area, the distance between bottom plates of an odd-numbered stope and an even-numbered stope in the vertical direction is 40% -60% of the height of the stope in the section, the disc area firstly stopes the odd-numbered stope, after stope full length is finished, a filling retaining wall is erected at the lower disc of the stope, a cemented filling body (12) is adopted to fill a goaf, after all the odd-numbered stopes in the same section are finished, stope of the next section is started to be stoped, when the even-numbered stope is filled, a tailing filling body (13) is adopted to fill the goaf, and a cemented filling body (12) is adopted to fill the goaf in the upper half; and after the stoping of the even-numbered stopes is finished, stoping of the odd-numbered stopes of the next section is carried out, and continuous stoping is carried out by alternately ascending until the stoping is finished.
2. The alternately ascending continuous mining thick and large crushed ore body mining method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: and before the odd-numbered stopes and the even-numbered stopes of the last section are stoped, cleaning the filling bodies in the upper middle section rock drilling roadway (6) through the upper middle section conveying roadway (17).
3. A method of mining alternately rising continuous back-mining thick and large crushed ore bodies according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that prior to the pad back-mining, the upper pad main fracture is first supported in advance by means of long anchor cables (9) in the rock drilling tunnel (6); and then the cutting patio (8) is pulled to be expanded to the boundaries of two sides of the stope, after the pulling is finished, the stope is subjected to fan-shaped medium-length hole (11) ore dropping, and the blasted ore heap (10) is unloaded to the ore chute (4) through the ore chute connecting channel (3) by adopting a scraper.
4. A method of mining alternately rising continuously back-up thick large crushed ore bodies according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the chute (4) has an inclination of 50 ° -60 °.
5. The method for mining the alternately ascending continuous back-mining thick and large crushed ore body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the height of the stope in the section is 15m, the distance between the bottom plates of the odd-numbered stope and the even-numbered stope in the vertical direction is 7.5m, the widths of the upper edge and the lower edge of the hexagon are 3m, and the width of the middle waist is 10m.
6. A method of alternately ascending continuous mining thick and large crushed ore body mining according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a sublevel stope height of 15m; the mining field adopts sector medium-length holes to drop ores, and the primary stoping height is 15m.
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| CN113482611B true CN113482611B (en) | 2024-02-13 |
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| CN116892391B (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2024-05-03 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿 | Medium-length hole mining method for inclined thick and large crushed ore body |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110295908A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-10-01 | 中南大学 | A kind of gently inclined medium thick orebody mining methods in the segmentation lane that rises and falls |
| CN111677509A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-18 | 南华大学 | Cooperative mining method for inclined thick and large ore body |
| CN111677510A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-18 | 南华大学 | Accurate system is adopted in cooperation of thick ore body panel of slope and panel intervallum post |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108150172A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-12 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of single method of mining coal from heavy pitch thick coal seam |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110295908A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-10-01 | 中南大学 | A kind of gently inclined medium thick orebody mining methods in the segmentation lane that rises and falls |
| CN111677509A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-18 | 南华大学 | Cooperative mining method for inclined thick and large ore body |
| CN111677510A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-18 | 南华大学 | Accurate system is adopted in cooperation of thick ore body panel of slope and panel intervallum post |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 阶段空场与上向分层联合采矿法应用实践;于常先;许子刚;王平;孙军涛;杜皓;;黄金科学技术;20150815(第04期);全文 * |
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